1
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Grubaugh CR, Dhingra A, Prakash B, Montenegro D, Sparrow JR, Daniele LL, Curcio CA, Bell BA, Hussain MM, Boesze-Battaglia K. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein is necessary to maintain lipid homeostasis and retinal function. FASEB J 2024; 38:e23522. [PMID: 38445789 PMCID: PMC10949407 DOI: 10.1096/fj.202302491r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/07/2024]
Abstract
Lipid processing by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is necessary to maintain retinal health and function. Dysregulation of retinal lipid homeostasis due to normal aging or age-related disease triggers lipid accumulation within the RPE, on Bruch's membrane (BrM), and in the subretinal space. In its role as a hub for lipid trafficking into and out of the neural retina, the RPE packages a significant amount of lipid into lipid droplets for storage and into apolipoprotein B (APOB)-containing lipoproteins (Blps) for export. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), encoded by the MTTP gene, is essential for Blp assembly. Herein we test the hypothesis that MTP expression in the RPE is essential to maintain lipid balance and retinal function using the newly generated RPEΔMttp mouse model. Using non-invasive ocular imaging, electroretinography, and histochemical and biochemical analyses we show that genetic depletion of Mttp from the RPE results in intracellular lipid accumulation, increased photoreceptor-associated cholesterol deposits, and photoreceptor cell death, and loss of rod but not cone function. RPE-specific reduction in Mttp had no significant effect on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. While APOB was decreased in the RPE, most ocular retinoids remained unchanged, with the exception of the storage form of retinoid, retinyl ester. Thus suggesting that RPE MTP is critical for Blp synthesis and assembly but is not directly involved in plasma lipoprotein metabolism. These studies demonstrate that RPE-specific MTP expression is necessary to establish and maintain retinal lipid homeostasis and visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina R. Grubaugh
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anuradha Dhingra
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Binu Prakash
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, 11501 USA
| | - Diego Montenegro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027 USA
| | - Janet R. Sparrow
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY, 10027 USA
| | - Lauren L. Daniele
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christine A. Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brent A. Bell
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - M. Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, 11501 USA
| | - Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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2
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Koçyiğit E, Gövez NE, Arslan S, Ağagündüz D. A narrative review on dietary components and patterns and age-related macular degeneration. Nutr Res Rev 2024:1-28. [PMID: 38221852 DOI: 10.1017/s0954422424000015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2024]
Abstract
Age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is one of the most prevalent eye diseases among the ageing population worldwide. It is a leading cause of blindness in individuals over 55, particularly in industrialised Western countries. The prevalence of AMD increases with age, and genetic factors and environmental influences are believed to contribute to its development. Among the environmental factors, diet plays a significant role in AMD. This review explores the association between dietary components, dietary patterns and AMD. Various nutrients, non-nutrient substances and dietary models that have the potential to counteract oxidative stress and inflammation, which are underlying mechanisms of AMD, are discussed. Consuming fruits, vegetables, fish and seafood, whole grains, olive oil, nuts and low-glycaemic-index foods has been highlighted as beneficial for reducing the risk of AMD. Adhering to the Mediterranean diet, which encompasses these elements, can be recommended as a dietary pattern for AMD. Furthermore, the modulation of the gut microbiota through dietary interventions and probiotics has shown promise in managing AMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emine Koçyiğit
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Ordu University, Ordu, Türkiye
| | - Nazlıcan Erdoğan Gövez
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Sabriye Arslan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
| | - Duygu Ağagündüz
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Gazi University, Ankara, Türkiye
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3
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Grubaugh CR, Dhingra A, Prakash B, Montenegro D, Sparrow JR, Daniele LL, Curcio CA, Bell BA, Hussain MM, Boesze-Battaglia K. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein is necessary to maintain lipid homeostasis and retinal function. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2023:2023.12.06.570418. [PMID: 38105975 PMCID: PMC10723417 DOI: 10.1101/2023.12.06.570418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2023]
Abstract
Lipid processing by the retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) is necessary to maintain retinal health and function. Dysregulation of retinal lipid homeostasis due to normal aging or to age-related disease triggers lipid accumulation within the RPE, on Bruch's membrane (BrM), and in the subretinal space. In its role as a hub for lipid trafficking into and out of the neural retina, the RPE packages a significant amount of lipid into lipid droplets for storage and into apolipoprotein B (apoB)-containing lipoproteins (Blps) for export. Microsomal triglyceride transfer protein (MTP), encoded by the MTTP gene, is essential for Blp assembly. Herein we test the hypothesis that MTP expression in the RPE is essential to maintain lipid balance and retinal function using the newly generated RPEΔMttp mouse model. Using non-invasive ocular imaging, electroretinography, and histochemical and biochemical analyses we show that genetic deletion of Mttp from the RPE results in intracellular lipid accumulation, increased photoreceptor -associated cholesterol deposits and photoreceptor cell death, and loss of rod but not cone function. RPE-specific ablation of Mttp had no significant effect on plasma lipids and lipoproteins. While, apoB was decreased in the RPE, ocular retinoid concentrations remained unchanged. Thus suggesting that RPE MTP is critical for Blp synthesis and assembly but not directly involved in ocular retinoid and plasma lipoprotein metabolism. These studies demonstrate that RPE-specific MTP expression is necessary to establish and maintain retinal lipid homeostasis and visual function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catharina R. Grubaugh
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Anuradha Dhingra
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Binu Prakash
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, 11501 USA
| | - Diego Montenegro
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY,10027 USA
| | - Janet R. Sparrow
- Department of Ophthalmology and Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Columbia University, New York, NY,10027 USA
| | - Lauren L. Daniele
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
| | - Christine A. Curcio
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, USA
| | - Brent A. Bell
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, 19104 USA
| | - M. Mahmood Hussain
- Department of Foundations of Medicine, New York University Grossman Long Island School of Medicine, Mineola, NY, 11501 USA
| | - Kathleen Boesze-Battaglia
- Department of Basic and Translational Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA 19104, USA
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4
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Prasad KN. Discovery of Alpha-Tocopheryl Succinate as a Cancer Treatment Agent Led to the Development of Methods to Potentially Improve the Efficacy of Cancer Therapy. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN NUTRITION ASSOCIATION 2023; 42:776-782. [PMID: 36735863 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2023.2175389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of alpha-tocopheryl succinate (alpha-TS) as a cancer therapeutic agent markedly stimulated research with or without tumor therapeutic agents on cancer cells and normal cells. Results showed that alpha-TS treatment induced apoptosis in cancer cells and enhanced the apoptotic effects of tumor therapeutic agents on tumor cells in a synergistic manner without affecting the growth of normal cells. Liposomal alpha-TS was more effective than alpha-TS. Some tumors are difficult to treat with chemotherapeutic agents while some become resistant of such treatment. Using a nanotechnology technique, it was demonstrated that alpha-TS conjugated with a chemotherapeutic agent enhanced the levels of apoptosis and restored the sensitivity of tumor cells to that chemotherapeutic agent. The mechanisms of action of alpha-TS alone or in combination with therapeutic agents include the following: (a) inhibition of the expression of oncogenes C-myc and H-ras; (b) alterations in the levels of expression of numerous genes; (c) activation of caspases; (d) inhibition of angiogenesis; (e) destabilization of mitochondria and lysosomes; (f) inhibition of production of production of prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) and PGE2-mediated pro-inflammatory responses; (g) reduction of survivin signaling pathway; and (h) reduction of CD47 expression on the tumor cell surface causing enhancement of phagocytic activity of macrophages leading to engulfment of tumor cells. Despite impressive results in cell culture and in animal models, no studies with alpha-TS alone or in combination with cancer therapeutic agents in human cancer resistant to these therapies have been performed.
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5
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Kushwah N, Bora K, Maurya M, Pavlovich MC, Chen J. Oxidative Stress and Antioxidants in Age-Related Macular Degeneration. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1379. [PMID: 37507918 PMCID: PMC10376043 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12071379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/28/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress plays a crucial role in aging-related eye diseases, including age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataracts, and glaucoma. With age, antioxidant reparative capacity decreases, and excess levels of reactive oxygen species produce oxidative damage in many ocular cell types underling age-related pathologies. In AMD, loss of central vision in the elderly is caused primarily by retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and degeneration and/or choroidal neovascularization that trigger malfunction and loss of photo-sensing photoreceptor cells. Along with various genetic and environmental factors that contribute to AMD, aging and age-related oxidative damage have critical involvement in AMD pathogenesis. To this end, dietary intake of antioxidants is a proven way to scavenge free radicals and to prevent or slow AMD progression. This review focuses on AMD and highlights the pathogenic role of oxidative stress in AMD from both clinical and experimental studies. The beneficial roles of antioxidants and dietary micronutrients in AMD are also summarized.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Jing Chen
- Department of Ophthalmology, Boston Children’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, 300 Longwood Avenue, Boston, MA 02115, USA
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6
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Rodella U, Honisch C, Gatto C, Ruzza P, D'Amato Tóthová J. Antioxidant Nutraceutical Strategies in the Prevention of Oxidative Stress Related Eye Diseases. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15102283. [PMID: 37242167 DOI: 10.3390/nu15102283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 05/09/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
This review aims to discuss the delicate balance between the physiological production of reactive oxygen species and the role of antioxidant nutraceutical molecules in managing radicals in the complex anatomical structure of the eye. Many molecules and enzymes with reducing and antioxidant potential are present in different parts of the eye. Some of these, such as glutathione, N-acetylcysteine, α-lipoic acid, coenzyme Q10, and enzymatic antioxidants, are endogenously produced by the body. Others, such as plant-derived polyphenols and carotenoids, vitamins B2, C, and E, zinc and selenium, and omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, must be obtained through the diet and are considered essential nutrients. When the equilibrium between the production of reactive oxygen species and their scavenging is disrupted, radical generation overwhelms the endogenous antioxidant arsenal, leading to oxidative stress-related eye disorders and aging. Therefore, the roles of antioxidants contained in dietary supplements in preventing oxidative stress-based ocular dysfunctions are also discussed. However, the results of studies investigating the efficacy of antioxidant supplementation have been mixed or inconclusive, indicating a need for future research to highlight the potential of antioxidant molecules and to develop new preventive nutritional strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umberto Rodella
- Fondazione Banca degli Occhi del Veneto Onlus (FBOV), 30174 Zelarino, Italy
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
| | - Claudia Honisch
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR (ICB-CNR), Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Claudio Gatto
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
| | - Paolo Ruzza
- Institute of Biomolecular Chemistry of CNR (ICB-CNR), Via F. Marzolo, 1, 35131 Padova, Italy
| | - Jana D'Amato Tóthová
- Research and Development, AL.CHI.MI.A. S.R.L., Viale Austria 14, 35020 Ponte San Nicoló, Italy
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Mong MA. Vitamin K and the Visual System-A Narrative Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081948. [PMID: 37111170 PMCID: PMC10143727 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/31/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Vitamin K occupies a unique and often obscured place among its fellow fat-soluble vitamins. Evidence is mounting, however, that vitamin K (VK) may play an important role in the visual system apart from the hepatic carboxylation of hemostatic-related proteins. However, to our knowledge, no review covering the topic has appeared in the medical literature. Recent studies have confirmed that matrix Gla protein (MGP), a vitamin K-dependent protein (VKDP), is essential for the regulation of intraocular pressure in mice. The PREDIMED (Prevención con Dieta Mediterránea) study, a randomized trial involving 5860 adults at risk for cardiovascular disease, demonstrated a 29% reduction in the risk of cataract surgery in participants with the highest tertile of dietary vitamin K1 (PK) intake compared with those with the lowest tertile. However, the specific requirements of the eye and visual system (EVS) for VK, and what might constitute an optimized VK status, is currently unknown and largely unexplored. It is, therefore, the intention of this narrative review to provide an introduction concerning VK and the visual system, review ocular VK biology, and provide some historical context for recent discoveries. Potential opportunities and gaps in current research efforts will be touched upon in the hope of raising awareness and encouraging continued VK-related investigations in this important and highly specialized sensory system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael A Mong
- Department of Ophthalmology, Veteran Affairs North Texas Health Care Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75216, USA
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8
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Vašková J, Klepcová Z, Špaková I, Urdzík P, Štofilová J, Bertková I, Kľoc M, Rabajdová M. The Importance of Natural Antioxidants in Female Reproduction. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12040907. [PMID: 37107282 PMCID: PMC10135990 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12040907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/08/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress (OS) has an important role in female reproduction, whether it is ovulation, endometrium decidualization, menstruation, oocyte fertilization, or development andimplantation of an embryo in the uterus. The menstrual cycle is regulated by the physiological concentration of reactive forms of oxygen and nitrogen as redox signal molecules, which trigger and regulate the length of individual phases of the menstrual cycle. It has been suggested that the decline in female fertility is modulated by pathological OS. The pathological excess of OS compared to antioxidants triggers many disorders of female reproduction which could lead to gynecological diseases and to infertility. Therefore, antioxidants are crucial for proper female reproductive function. They play a part in the metabolism of oocytes; in endometrium maturation via the activation of antioxidant signaling pathways Nrf2 and NF-κB; and in the hormonal regulation of vascular action. Antioxidants can directly scavenge radicals and act as a cofactor of highly valuable enzymes of cell differentiation and development, or enhance the activity of antioxidant enzymes. Compensation for low levels of antioxidants through their supplementation can improve fertility. This review considers the role of selected vitamins, flavonoids, peptides, and trace elements with antioxidant effects in female reproduction mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janka Vašková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Zuzana Klepcová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
- Medirex, a.s., Holubyho 35, 902 01 Pezinok, Slovakia
| | - Ivana Špaková
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Peter Urdzík
- Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Jana Štofilová
- Center for Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Izabela Bertková
- Center for Clinical and Preclinical Research MEDIPARK, Department of Experimental Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
| | - Marek Kľoc
- Medirex, a.s., Holubyho 35, 902 01 Pezinok, Slovakia
| | - Miroslava Rabajdová
- Department of Medical and Clinical Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Pavol Jozef Šafárik University in Košice, Trieda SNP 1, 040 11 Košice, Slovakia
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Kolko M, Mouhammad ZA, Cvenkel B. Is fat the future for saving sight? Bioactive lipids and their impact on glaucoma. Pharmacol Ther 2023; 245:108412. [PMID: 37037408 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharmthera.2023.108412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Revised: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 04/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Glaucoma is characterized by a continuous loss of retinal ganglion cells. The cause of glaucoma is associated with an increase in intraocular pressure (IOP), but the underlying pathophysiology is diverse and, in most cases, unknown. There is an indisputable unmet need to identify new pathways involved in glaucoma pathogenesis. Increasing evidence suggests that bioactive lipids may be critical in the development and progression of glaucoma. Preclinical and clinical bioactive lipid targets exist and are being developed. In this review, we aim to shed light on the potential of bioactive lipids for the prevention, diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of glaucoma by asking the question "is fat the future for saving sight".
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Kolko
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, University of Copenhagen, Denmark; Department of Ophthalmology, Copenhagen University Hospital, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark.
| | | | - Barbara Cvenkel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Medical Centre Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia; Faculty of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
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10
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Shu DY, Chaudhary S, Cho KS, Lennikov A, Miller WP, Thorn DC, Yang M, McKay TB. Role of Oxidative Stress in Ocular Diseases: A Balancing Act. Metabolites 2023; 13:187. [PMID: 36837806 PMCID: PMC9960073 DOI: 10.3390/metabo13020187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2022] [Revised: 01/22/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Redox homeostasis is a delicate balancing act of maintaining appropriate levels of antioxidant defense mechanisms and reactive oxidizing oxygen and nitrogen species. Any disruption of this balance leads to oxidative stress, which is a key pathogenic factor in several ocular diseases. In this review, we present the current evidence for oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction in conditions affecting both the anterior segment (e.g., dry eye disease, keratoconus, cataract) and posterior segment (age-related macular degeneration, proliferative vitreoretinopathy, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma) of the human eye. We posit that further development of therapeutic interventions to promote pro-regenerative responses and maintenance of the redox balance may delay or prevent the progression of these major ocular pathologies. Continued efforts in this field will not only yield a better understanding of the molecular mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of ocular diseases but also enable the identification of novel druggable redox targets and antioxidant therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daisy Y. Shu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Suman Chaudhary
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Kin-Sang Cho
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Anton Lennikov
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - William P. Miller
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - David C. Thorn
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Biology, Harvard University, Cambridge, MA 02138, USA
| | - Menglu Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Schepens Eye Research Institute of Mass Eye and Ear, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Tina B. McKay
- Department of Anesthesia, Critical Care and Pain Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02114, USA
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11
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Duncan RS, Keightley A, Lopez AA, Hall CW, Koulen P. Proteome changes in a human retinal pigment epithelial cell line during oxidative stress and following antioxidant treatment. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1138519. [PMID: 37153596 PMCID: PMC10154683 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1138519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Age related macular degeneration (AMD) is the most common cause of blindness in the elderly. Oxidative stress contributes to retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) dysfunction and cell death thereby leading to AMD. Using improved RPE cell model systems, such as human telomerase transcriptase-overexpressing (hTERT) RPE cells (hTERT-RPE), pathophysiological changes in RPE during oxidative stress can be better understood. Using this model system, we identified changes in the expression of proteins involved in the cellular antioxidant responses after induction of oxidative stress. Some antioxidants such as vitamin E (tocopherols and tocotrienols) are powerful antioxidants that can reduce oxidative damage in cells. Alpha-tocopherol (α-Toc or αT) and gamma-tocopherol (γ-Toc or γT) are well-studied tocopherols, but signaling mechanisms underlying their respective cytoprotective properties may be distinct. Here, we determined what effect oxidative stress, induced by extracellularly applied tBHP in the presence and absence of αT and/or γT, has on the expression of antioxidant proteins and related signaling networks. Using proteomics approaches, we identified differential protein expression in cellular antioxidant response pathways during oxidative stress and after tocopherol treatment. We identified three groups of proteins based on biochemical function: glutathione metabolism/transfer, peroxidases and redox-sensitive proteins involved in cytoprotective signaling. We found that oxidative stress and tocopherol treatment resulted in unique changes in these three groups of antioxidant proteins indicate that αT and γT independently and by themselves can induce the expression of antioxidant proteins in RPE cells. These results provide novel rationales for potential therapeutic strategies to protect RPE cells from oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- R. Scott Duncan
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Andrew Keightley
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Adam A. Lopez
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Conner W. Hall
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
| | - Peter Koulen
- Vision Research Center, Department of Ophthalmology, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Missouri – Kansas City, School of Medicine, Kansas City, MO, United States
- *Correspondence: Peter Koulen,
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12
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Kolnik S, Wood TR. Role of Vitamin E in Neonatal Neuroprotection: A Comprehensive Narrative Review. LIFE (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:life12071083. [PMID: 35888171 PMCID: PMC9316652 DOI: 10.3390/life12071083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Vitamin E (Vit E) is an essential lipophilic antioxidant and anti-inflammatory agent that has potential as a neuroprotectant in newborn infants with brain injury. Vit E has shown promise in many in vitro studies, but success in translation to in vivo animal studies and the clinical setting has been mixed, with concern of adverse effects at high intravenous doses in preterm infants. However, a recent rise in knowledge of the beneficial effects of fat emulsions containing higher levels of Vit E, along with associated improved outcomes in some neonatal co-morbidities, has led many to reconsider Vit E administration as a potential therapeutic modality to improve neurological outcomes in the setting of neonatal brain injury. This narrative review discusses Vit E's structure, mechanism(s) of action, evidence in animal models, and association with health outcomes in neonates, including both dietary and supplemental Vit E and their bioavailability and pharmacokinetics as it relates to the brain. Lastly, long-term neurodevelopmental outcomes along with gaps in current knowledge are critiqued, which to date suggests that additional translational studies in larger animal models and assessment of safety profiles of different routes and doses of administration should be explored prior to large clinical trials. Importantly, a greater understanding of the brain region(s) and cell type(s) affected by Vit E may help to target the use of Vit E as a beneficial neuroprotective agent to specific populations or types of injury seen in newborns.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah Kolnik
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- Correspondence:
| | - Thomas R. Wood
- Division of Neonatology, Department of Pediatrics, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- Center on Human Development and Disability, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
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