1
|
Ismail M, Großmann D, Hermann A. Increased Vulnerability to Ferroptosis in FUS-ALS. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:215. [PMID: 38666827 PMCID: PMC11048265 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/22/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death characterized by iron-dependent lipid peroxide accumulation, plays a pivotal role in various pathological conditions, including neurodegenerative diseases. While reasonable evidence for ferroptosis exists, e.g., in Parkinson's disease or Alzheimer's disease, there are only a few reports on amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), a fast progressive and incurable neurodegenerative disease characterized by progressive motor neuron degeneration. Interestingly, initial studies have suggested that ferroptosis might be significantly involved in ALS. Key features of ferroptosis include oxidative stress, glutathione depletion, and alterations in mitochondrial morphology and function, mediated by proteins such as GPX4, xCT, ACSL4 FSP1, Nrf2, and TfR1. Induction of ferroptosis involves small molecule compounds like erastin and RSL3, which disrupt system Xc- and GPX4 activity, respectively, resulting in lipid peroxidation and cellular demise. Mutations in fused in sarcoma (FUS) are associated with familial ALS. Pathophysiological hallmarks of FUS-ALS involve mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative damage, implicating ferroptosis as a putative cell-death pathway in motor neuron demise. However, a mechanistic understanding of ferroptosis in ALS, particularly FUS-ALS, remains limited. Here, we investigated the vulnerability to ferroptosis in FUS-ALS cell models, revealing mitochondrial disturbances and increased susceptibility to ferroptosis in cells harboring ALS-causing FUS mutations. This was accompanied by an altered expression of ferroptosis-associated proteins, particularly by a reduction in xCT expression, leading to cellular imbalance in the redox system and increased lipid peroxidation. Iron chelation with deferoxamine, as well as inhibition of the mitochondrial calcium uniporter (MCU), significantly alleviated ferroptotic cell death and lipid peroxidation. These findings suggest a link between ferroptosis and FUS-ALS, offering potential new therapeutic targets.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Ismail
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Dajana Großmann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
| | - Andreas Hermann
- Translational Neurodegeneration Section “Albrecht Kossel“, Department of Neurology, University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany; (M.I.); (D.G.)
- German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases (DZNE) Rostock/Greifswald, 18147 Rostock, Germany
- Center for Transdisciplinary Neurosciences Rostock (CTNR), University Medical Center Rostock, University of Rostock, 18147 Rostock, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Cheng PF, Yuan-He, Ge MM, Ye DW, Chen JP, Wang JX. Targeting the Main Sources of Reactive Oxygen Species Production: Possible Therapeutic Implications in Chronic Pain. Curr Neuropharmacol 2024; 22:1960-1985. [PMID: 37921169 PMCID: PMC11333790 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x22999231024140544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 08/23/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Humans have long been combating chronic pain. In clinical practice, opioids are firstchoice analgesics, but long-term use of these drugs can lead to serious adverse reactions. Finding new, safe and effective pain relievers that are useful treatments for chronic pain is an urgent medical need. Based on accumulating evidence from numerous studies, excess reactive oxygen species (ROS) contribute to the development and maintenance of chronic pain. Some antioxidants are potentially beneficial analgesics in the clinic, but ROS-dependent pathways are completely inhibited only by scavenging ROS directly targeting cellular or subcellular sites. Unfortunately, current antioxidant treatments do not achieve this effect. Furthermore, some antioxidants interfere with physiological redox signaling pathways and fail to reverse oxidative damage. Therefore, the key upstream processes and mechanisms of ROS production that lead to chronic pain in vivo must be identified to discover potential therapeutic targets related to the pathways that control ROS production in vivo. In this review, we summarize the sites and pathways involved in analgesia based on the three main mechanisms by which ROS are generated in vivo, discuss the preclinical evidence for the therapeutic potential of targeting these pathways in chronic pain, note the shortcomings of current research and highlight possible future research directions to provide new targets and evidence for the development of clinical analgesics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Peng-Fei Cheng
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Yuan-He
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Meng-Meng Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Da-Wei Ye
- Cancer Center, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430030, China
| | - Jian-Ping Chen
- Department of Pain Management, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| | - Jin-Xi Wang
- Division of Colorectal Surgery, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Taiyuan, 030032, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Terrell K, Choi S, Choi S. Calcium's Role and Signaling in Aging Muscle, Cellular Senescence, and Mineral Interactions. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:17034. [PMID: 38069357 PMCID: PMC10706910 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242317034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium research, since its pivotal discovery in the early 1800s through the heating of limestone, has led to the identification of its multi-functional roles. These include its functions as a reducing agent in chemical processes, structural properties in shells and bones, and significant role in cells relating to this review: cellular signaling. Calcium signaling involves the movement of calcium ions within or between cells, which can affect the electrochemical gradients between intra- and extracellular membranes, ligand binding, enzyme activity, and other mechanisms that determine cell fate. Calcium signaling in muscle, as elucidated by the sliding filament model, plays a significant role in muscle contraction. However, as organisms age, alterations occur within muscle tissue. These changes include sarcopenia, loss of neuromuscular junctions, and changes in mineral concentration, all of which have implications for calcium's role. Additionally, a field of study that has gained recent attention, cellular senescence, is associated with aging and disturbed calcium homeostasis, and is thought to affect sarcopenia progression. Changes seen in calcium upon aging may also be influenced by its crosstalk with other minerals such as iron and zinc. This review investigates the role of calcium signaling in aging muscle and cellular senescence. We also aim to elucidate the interactions among calcium, iron, and zinc across various cells and conditions, ultimately deepening our understanding of calcium signaling in muscle aging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Sangyong Choi
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, College of Agriculture, Health, and Natural Resources, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT 06269, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ke K, Li L, Lu C, Zhu Q, Wang Y, Mou Y, Wang H, Jin W. The crosstalk effect between ferrous and other ions metabolism in ferroptosis for therapy of cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 12:916082. [PMID: 36033459 PMCID: PMC9413412 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.916082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2022] [Accepted: 07/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent cell death process characterized by excessive accumulation of reactive oxygen species and lipid peroxidation. The elucidation of ferroptosis pathways may lead to novel cancer therapies. Current evidence suggests that the mechanism of ferroptosis can be summarized as oxidative stress and antioxidant defense mechanisms. During this process, ferrous ions play a crucial role in cellular oxidation, plasma membrane damage, reactive oxygen species removal imbalance and lipid peroxidation. Although, disregulation of intracellular cations (Fe2+, Ca2+, Zn2+, etc.) and anions (Cl-, etc.) have been widely reported to be involved in ferroptosis, their specific regulatory mechanisms have not been established. To further understand the crosstalk effect between ferrous and other ions in ferroptosis, we reviewed the ferroptosis process from the perspective of ions metabolism. In addition, the role of ferrous and other ions in tumor therapy is briefly summarized.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kun Ke
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Li Li
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chao Lu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Qicong Zhu
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuanyu Wang
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiping Mou
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huiju Wang
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- Clinical Research Institute, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weiwei Jin, ; Huiju Wang,
| | - Weiwei Jin
- General Surgery, Cancer Center, Department of Gastrointestinal and Pancreatic Surgery, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital (Affiliated People’s Hospital, Hangzhou Medical College), Hangzhou, China
- Key Laboratory of Gastroenterology of Zhejiang Province, Zhejiang Provincial People’s Hospital, People’s Hospital of Hangzhou Medical College, Hangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Weiwei Jin, ; Huiju Wang,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Cheng H, Yang B, Ke T, Li S, Yang X, Aschner M, Chen P. Mechanisms of Metal-Induced Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Neurological Disorders. TOXICS 2021; 9:142. [PMID: 34204190 PMCID: PMC8235163 DOI: 10.3390/toxics9060142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Metals are actively involved in multiple catalytic physiological activities. However, metal overload may result in neurotoxicity as it increases formation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and elevates oxidative stress in the nervous system. Mitochondria are a key target of metal-induced toxicity, given their role in energy production. As the brain consumes a large amount of energy, mitochondrial dysfunction and the subsequent decrease in levels of ATP may significantly disrupt brain function, resulting in neuronal cell death and ensuing neurological disorders. Here, we address contemporary studies on metal-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and its impact on the nervous system.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hong Cheng
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
| | - Bobo Yang
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Tao Ke
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Shaojun Li
- Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China;
| | - Xiaobo Yang
- Department of Occupational Health and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Guangxi Medical University, Nanning 530021, China; (H.C.); (X.Y.)
- Department of Public Health, School of Medicine, Guangxi University of Science and Technology, Liuzhou 545006, China
| | - Michael Aschner
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| | - Pan Chen
- Department of Molecular Pharmacology, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY 10461, USA; (B.Y.); (T.K.)
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Salech F, Ponce DP, Paula-Lima AC, SanMartin CD, Behrens MI. Nicotinamide, a Poly [ADP-Ribose] Polymerase 1 (PARP-1) Inhibitor, as an Adjunctive Therapy for the Treatment of Alzheimer's Disease. Front Aging Neurosci 2020; 12:255. [PMID: 32903806 PMCID: PMC7438969 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2020.00255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 07/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Nicotinamide (vitamin B3) is a key component in the cellular production of Nicotinamide Adenine Dinucleotide (NAD) and has long been associated with neuronal development, survival and death. Numerous data suggest that nicotinamide may offer therapeutic benefits in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). Beyond its effect in NAD+ stores, nicotinamide is an inhibitor of Poly [ADP-ribose] polymerase 1 (PARP-1), an enzyme with multiple cellular functions, including regulation of cell death, energy/metabolism and inflammatory response. PARP-1 functions as a DNA repair enzyme but under intense DNA damage depletes the cell of NAD+ and ATP and leads to a non-apoptotic type of cell death called Parthanatos, which has been associated with the pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Moreover, NAD+ availability might potentially improve mitochondrial function, which is severely impaired in AD. PARP-1 inhibition may also exert a protective effect against neurodegeneration by its action to diminish neuroinflammation and microglial activation which are also implicated in the pathogenesis of AD. Here we discuss the evidence supporting the use of nicotinamide as adjunctive therapy for the treatment of early stages of AD based on the inhibitory effect of nicotinamide on PARP-1 activity. The data support evaluating nicotinamide as an adjunctive treatment for AD at early stages of the disease not only to increase NAD+ stores but as a PARP-1 inhibitor, raising the hypothesis that other PARP-1 inhibitors – drugs that are already approved for breast cancer treatment – might be explored for the treatment of AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Salech
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Sección de Geriatría Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Daniela P Ponce
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Andrea C Paula-Lima
- Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Facultad of Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Facultad de Odontología, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carol D SanMartin
- Center for Integrative Biology, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Mayor, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurologiìa y Neurocirugiìa, Hospital Cliìnico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María I Behrens
- Centro de Investigación Clínica Avanzada, Facultad de Medicina and Hospital Clínico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurociencia, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurologiìa y Neurocirugiìa, Hospital Cliìnico Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Departamento de Neurología y Psiquiatría, Clínica Alemana de Santiago, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Harmful Iron-Calcium Relationship in Pantothenate kinase Associated Neurodegeneration. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21103664. [PMID: 32456086 PMCID: PMC7279353 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21103664] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 05/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pantothenate Kinase-associated Neurodegeneration (PKAN) belongs to a wide spectrum of diseases characterized by brain iron accumulation and extrapyramidal motor signs. PKAN is caused by mutations in PANK2, encoding the mitochondrial pantothenate kinase 2, which is the first enzyme of the biosynthesis of Coenzyme A. We established and characterized glutamatergic neurons starting from previously developed PKAN Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells (iPSCs). Results obtained by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry indicated a higher amount of total cellular iron in PKAN glutamatergic neurons with respect to controls. PKAN glutamatergic neurons, analyzed by electron microscopy, exhibited electron dense aggregates in mitochondria that were identified as granules containing calcium phosphate. Calcium homeostasis resulted compromised in neurons, as verified by monitoring the activity of calcium-dependent enzyme calpain1, calcium imaging and voltage dependent calcium currents. Notably, the presence of calcification in the internal globus pallidus was confirmed in seven out of 15 genetically defined PKAN patients for whom brain CT scan was available. Moreover, we observed a higher prevalence of brain calcification in females. Our data prove that high amount of iron coexists with an impairment of cytosolic calcium in PKAN glutamatergic neurons, indicating both, iron and calcium dys-homeostasis, as actors in pathogenesis of the disease.
Collapse
|
8
|
Xu YY, Wan WP, Zhao S, Ma ZG. L-type Calcium Channels are Involved in Iron-induced Neurotoxicity in Primary Cultured Ventral Mesencephalon Neurons of Rats. Neurosci Bull 2019; 36:165-173. [PMID: 31482520 DOI: 10.1007/s12264-019-00424-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Accepted: 05/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
In the present study, we investigated the mechanisms underlying the mediation of iron transport by L-type Ca2+ channels (LTCCs) in primary cultured ventral mesencephalon (VM) neurons from rats. We found that co-treatment with 100 µmol/L FeSO4 and MPP+ (1-methyl-4-phenylpyridinium) significantly increased the production of intracellular reactive oxygen species, decreased the mitochondrial transmembrane potential and increased the caspase-3 activation compared to MPP+ treatment alone. Co-treatment with 500 µmol/L CaCl2 further aggravated the FeSO4-induced neurotoxicity in MPP+-treated VM neurons. Co-treatment with 10 µmol/L isradipine, an LTCC blocker, alleviated the neurotoxicity induced by co-application of FeSO4 and FeSO4/CaCl2. Further studies indicated that MPP+ treatment accelerated the iron influx into VM neurons. In addition, FeSO4 treatment significantly increased the intracellular Ca2+ concentration. These effects were blocked by isradipine. These results suggest that elevated extracellular Ca2+ aggravates iron-induced neurotoxicity. LTCCs mediate iron transport in dopaminergic neurons and this, in turn, results in elevated intracellular Ca2+ and further aggravates iron-induced neurotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Yu Xu
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Wen-Ping Wan
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Sha Zhao
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China
| | - Ze-Gang Ma
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China. .,Institute of Brain Science and Disorders, Qingdao University, Qingdao, 266071, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Kam MK, Lee DG, Kim B, Lee HS, Lee SR, Bae YC, Lee DS. Peroxiredoxin 4 ameliorates amyloid beta oligomer-mediated apoptosis by inhibiting ER-stress in HT-22 hippocampal neuron cells. Cell Biol Toxicol 2019; 35:573-588. [PMID: 31147869 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-019-09477-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2019] [Revised: 04/25/2019] [Accepted: 05/06/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by amyloid beta oligomers (AβO), which induce cell death by triggering oxidative stress and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Oxidative stress is regulated by antioxidant enzymes, including peroxiredoxins. Peroxiredoxins (Prx) are classified into six subtypes, based on their localization and cysteine residues, and protect cells by scavenging hydrogen peroxide (H2O2). Peroxiredoxin 4 (Prx4) is unique in being localized to the ER; however, whether Prx4 protects neuronal cells from AβO-induced toxicity remains unclear, although Prx4 expression is upregulated in AβO-induced oxidative stress and ER stress. In this study, we established HT-22 cells in which Prx4 was either overexpressed or silenced to investigate its role in AβO-induced toxicity. AβO-stimulation of HT-22 cells with overexpressed Prx4 caused decreases in both AβO-induced ROS and ER stress (followed by ER expansion). In contrast, AβO stimulation caused increases in both ROS and ER stress that were notably higher in HT-22 cells with silenced Prx4 expression than in HT-22 cells. Consequently, Prx4 overexpression decreased apoptotic cell death and ameliorated the AβO-induced increase in intracellular Ca2+. Therefore, we conclude that Prx4 has a protective effect against AβO-mediated oxidative stress, ER stress, and neuronal cell death. Furthermore, these results suggest that Prx4 may be a target for preventing AβO toxicity in AD. Graphical abstract .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Kyoung Kam
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong Gil Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Bokyung Kim
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.,Institute for Pediatric Regenerative Medicine, Shriners Hospitals for Children/UC Davis School of Medicine, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.,Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, UC Davis, Davis, CA, 95817, USA
| | - Hyun-Shik Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang-Rae Lee
- National Primate Research Center, Korea Research Institute of Bioscience and Biotechnology (KRIBB), Chungcheonbuk-do, Republic of Korea
| | - Yong Chul Bae
- Department of Anatomy and Neurobiology, School of Dentistry, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seok Lee
- School of Life Sciences, BK21 Plus KNU Creative BioResearch Group, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ultrastructure and dynamics of the actin-myosin II cytoskeleton during mitochondrial fission. Nat Cell Biol 2019; 21:603-613. [PMID: 30988424 PMCID: PMC6499663 DOI: 10.1038/s41556-019-0313-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2018] [Accepted: 03/14/2019] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial fission involves the preconstriction of an organelle followed by scission by dynamin-related protein Drp1. Preconstriction is facilitated by actin and non-muscle myosin II through a mechanism that remains unclear, largely due to the unknown cytoskeletal ultrastructure at mitochondrial constrictions. Here, using platinum replica electron microscopy, we show that mitochondria in cells are embedded in an interstitial cytoskeletal network that contains abundant unbranched actin filaments. Both spontaneous and induced mitochondrial constrictions typically associate with a criss-cross array of long actin filaments that comprise part of this interstitial network. Non-muscle myosin II is found adjacent to mitochondria but is not specifically enriched at the constriction sites. During ionomycin-induced mitochondrial fission, F-actin clouds colocalize with mitochondrial constriction sites, whereas dynamic myosin II clouds are present in the vicinity of constrictions. We propose that myosin II promotes mitochondrial constriction by inducing stochastic deformations of the interstitial actin network, which applies pressure on the mitochondrial surface and thus initiates curvature-sensing mechanisms that complete mitochondrial constriction.
Collapse
|
11
|
Núñez MT, Hidalgo C. Noxious Iron-Calcium Connections in Neurodegeneration. Front Neurosci 2019; 13:48. [PMID: 30809110 PMCID: PMC6379295 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2019.00048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2018] [Accepted: 01/18/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron and calcium share the common feature of being essential for normal neuronal function. Iron is required for mitochondrial function, synaptic plasticity, and the development of cognitive functions whereas cellular calcium signals mediate neurotransmitter exocytosis, axonal growth and synaptic plasticity, and control the expression of genes involved in learning and memory processes. Recent studies have revealed that cellular iron stimulates calcium signaling, leading to downstream activation of kinase cascades engaged in synaptic plasticity. The relationship between calcium and iron is Janus-faced, however. While under physiological conditions iron-mediated reactive oxygen species generation boosts normal calcium-dependent signaling pathways, excessive iron levels promote oxidative stress leading to the upsurge of unrestrained calcium signals that damage mitochondrial function, among other downstream targets. Similarly, increases in mitochondrial calcium to non-physiological levels result in mitochondrial dysfunction and a predicted loss of iron homeostasis. Hence, if uncontrolled, the iron/calcium self-feeding cycle becomes deleterious to neuronal function, leading eventually to neuronal death. Here, we review the multiple cell-damaging responses generated by the unregulated iron/calcium self-feeding cycle, such as excitotoxicity, free radical-mediated lipid peroxidation, and the oxidative modification of crucial components of iron and calcium homeostasis/signaling: the iron transporter DMT1, plasma membrane, and intracellular calcium channels and pumps. We discuss also how iron-induced dysregulation of mitochondrial calcium contributes to the generation of neurodegenerative conditions, including Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and Parkinson’s disease (PD).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marco Tulio Núñez
- Iron and Neuroregeneration Laboratory, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Calcium Signaling Laboratory, Biomedical Research Institute, CEMC, Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile.,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Park JS, Davis RL, Sue CM. Mitochondrial Dysfunction in Parkinson's Disease: New Mechanistic Insights and Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Neurol Neurosci Rep 2018; 18:21. [PMID: 29616350 PMCID: PMC5882770 DOI: 10.1007/s11910-018-0829-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 350] [Impact Index Per Article: 58.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Purpose of Review Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a complex neurodegenerative disorder, the aetiology of which is still largely unknown. Overwhelming evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction is a central factor in PD pathophysiology. Here we review recent developments around mitochondrial dysfunction in familial and sporadic PD, with a brief overview of emerging therapies targeting mitochondrial dysfunction. Recent Findings Increasing evidence supports the critical role for mitochondrial dysfunction in the development of sporadic PD, while the involvement of familial PD-related genes in the regulation of mitochondrial biology has been expanded by the discovery of new mitochondria-associated disease loci and the identification of their novel functions. Summary Recent research has expanded knowledge on the mechanistic details underlying mitochondrial dysfunction in PD, with the discovery of new therapeutic targets providing invaluable insights into the essential role of mitochondria in PD pathogenesis and unique opportunities for drug development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Sung Park
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Ryan L Davis
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia.,Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia
| | - Carolyn M Sue
- Department of Neurogenetics, Kolling Institute, University of Sydney and Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,Sydney Medical School-Northern, University of Sydney, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia. .,Department of Neurology, Royal North Shore Hospital, Northern Sydney Local Health District, St. Leonards, Sydney, NSW, 2065, Australia.
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
García-Beltrán O, Mena NP, Aguirre P, Barriga-González G, Galdámez A, Nagles E, Adasme T, Hidalgo C, Núñez MT. Development of an iron-selective antioxidant probe with protective effects on neuronal function. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0189043. [PMID: 29228015 PMCID: PMC5724820 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0189043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2017] [Accepted: 11/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Iron accumulation, oxidative stress and calcium signaling dysregulation are common pathognomonic signs of several neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson´s and Alzheimer’s diseases, Friedreich ataxia and Huntington’s disease. Given their therapeutic potential, the identification of multifunctional compounds that suppress these damaging features is highly desirable. Here, we report the synthesis and characterization of N-(1,3-dihydroxy-2-(hydroxymethyl)propan-2-yl)-2-(7-hydroxy-2-oxo-2H-chromen-4-yl)acetamide, named CT51, which exhibited potent free radical neutralizing activity both in vitro and in cells. CT51 bound Fe2+ with high selectivity and Fe3+ with somewhat lower affinity. Cyclic voltammetric analysis revealed irreversible binding of Fe3+ to CT51, an important finding since stopping Fe2+/Fe3+ cycling in cells should prevent hydroxyl radical production resulting from the Fenton-Haber-Weiss cycle. When added to human neuroblastoma cells, CT51 freely permeated the cell membrane and distributed to both mitochondria and cytoplasm. Intracellularly, CT51 bound iron reversibly and protected against lipid peroxidation. Treatment of primary hippocampal neurons with CT51 reduced the sustained calcium release induced by an agonist of ryanodine receptor-calcium channels. These protective properties of CT51 on cellular function highlight its possible therapeutic use in diseases with significant oxidative, iron and calcium dysregulation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia P. Mena
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Pabla Aguirre
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Germán Barriga-González
- Universidad Metropolitana de Ciencias de la Educación, Facultad de Ciencias Básicas, Departamento de Química, Santiago, Chile
| | - Antonio Galdámez
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Edgar Nagles
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Tatiana Adasme
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Integrative Center for Applied Biology and Chemistry (CIBQA), Universidad Bernardo O’Higgins, Santiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute (BNI), Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Department of Neuroscience, CEMC and ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (CH); (MTN)
| | - Marco T. Núñez
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail: (CH); (MTN)
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Bussiere R, Lacampagne A, Reiken S, Liu X, Scheuerman V, Zalk R, Martin C, Checler F, Marks AR, Chami M. Amyloid β production is regulated by β2-adrenergic signaling-mediated post-translational modifications of the ryanodine receptor. J Biol Chem 2017; 292:10153-10168. [PMID: 28476886 PMCID: PMC5473221 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m116.743070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Revised: 05/02/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Alteration of ryanodine receptor (RyR)-mediated calcium (Ca2+) signaling has been reported in Alzheimer disease (AD) models. However, the molecular mechanisms underlying altered RyR-mediated intracellular Ca2+ release in AD remain to be fully elucidated. We report here that RyR2 undergoes post-translational modifications (phosphorylation, oxidation, and nitrosylation) in SH-SY5Y neuroblastoma cells expressing the β-amyloid precursor protein (βAPP) harboring the familial double Swedish mutations (APPswe). RyR2 macromolecular complex remodeling, characterized by depletion of the regulatory protein calstabin2, resulted in increased cytosolic Ca2+ levels and mitochondrial oxidative stress. We also report a functional interplay between amyloid β (Aβ), β-adrenergic signaling, and altered Ca2+ signaling via leaky RyR2 channels. Thus, post-translational modifications of RyR occur downstream of Aβ through a β2-adrenergic signaling cascade that activates PKA. RyR2 remodeling in turn enhances βAPP processing. Importantly, pharmacological stabilization of the binding of calstabin2 to RyR2 channels, which prevents Ca2+ leakage, or blocking the β2-adrenergic signaling cascade reduced βAPP processing and the production of Aβ in APPswe-expressing SH-SY5Y cells. We conclude that targeting RyR-mediated Ca2+ leakage may be a therapeutic approach to treat AD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Renaud Bussiere
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Alain Lacampagne
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Steven Reiken
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Xiaoping Liu
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Valerie Scheuerman
- INSERM U1046, CNRS UMR9214, CNRS LIA1185, Université de Montpellier, CHRU Montpellier, 34295 Montpellier, France, and
| | - Ran Zalk
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Cécile Martin
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Frederic Checler
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France
| | - Andrew R Marks
- Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Clyde and Helen Wu Center for Molecular Cardiology, Columbia University College of Physicians and Surgeons, New York, New York 10032
| | - Mounia Chami
- From the Université Côte d'Azur, CNRS, IPMC, France, "Labex Distalz," 660 route des Lucioles, 06560 Sophia-Antipolis, Valbonne, France,
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
SanMartín CD, Veloso P, Adasme T, Lobos P, Bruna B, Galaz J, García A, Hartel S, Hidalgo C, Paula-Lima AC. RyR2-Mediated Ca 2+ Release and Mitochondrial ROS Generation Partake in the Synaptic Dysfunction Caused by Amyloid β Peptide Oligomers. Front Mol Neurosci 2017; 10:115. [PMID: 28487634 PMCID: PMC5403897 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2017.00115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2016] [Accepted: 04/05/2017] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyloid β peptide oligomers (AβOs), toxic aggregates with pivotal roles in Alzheimer's disease, trigger persistent and low magnitude Ca2+ signals in neurons. We reported previously that these Ca2+ signals, which arise from Ca2+ entry and subsequent amplification by Ca2+ release through ryanodine receptor (RyR) channels, promote mitochondrial network fragmentation and reduce RyR2 expression. Here, we examined if AβOs, by inducing redox sensitive RyR-mediated Ca2+ release, stimulate mitochondrial Ca2+-uptake, ROS generation and mitochondrial fragmentation, and also investigated the effects of the antioxidant N-acetyl cysteine (NAC) and the mitochondrial antioxidant EUK-134 on AβOs-induced mitochondrial dysfunction. In addition, we studied the contribution of the RyR2 isoform to AβOs-induced Ca2+ release, mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and fragmentation. We show here that inhibition of NADPH oxidase type-2 prevented the emergence of RyR-mediated cytoplasmic Ca2+ signals induced by AβOs in primary hippocampal neurons. Treatment with AβOs promoted mitochondrial Ca2+ uptake and increased mitochondrial superoxide and hydrogen peroxide levels; ryanodine, at concentrations that suppress RyR activity, prevented these responses. The antioxidants NAC and EUK-134 impeded the mitochondrial ROS increase induced by AβOs. Additionally, EUK-134 prevented the mitochondrial fragmentation induced by AβOs, as previously reported for NAC and ryanodine. These findings show that both antioxidants, NAC and EUK-134, prevented the Ca2+-mediated noxious effects of AβOs on mitochondrial function. Our results also indicate that Ca2+ release mediated by the RyR2 isoform causes the deleterious effects of AβOs on mitochondrial function. Knockdown of RyR2 with antisense oligonucleotides reduced by about 50% RyR2 mRNA and protein levels in primary hippocampal neurons, decreased by 40% Ca2+ release induced by the RyR agonist 4-chloro-m-cresol, and significantly reduced the cytoplasmic and mitochondrial Ca2+ signals and the mitochondrial fragmentation induced by AβOs. Based on our results, we propose that AβOs-induced Ca2+ entry and ROS generation jointly stimulate RyR2 activity, causing mitochondrial Ca2+ overload and fragmentation in a feed forward injurious cycle. The present novel findings highlight the specific participation of RyR2-mediated Ca2+ release on AβOs-induced mitochondrial malfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carol D SanMartín
- Department of de Neurology and Neurosurgery, Clinical Hospital Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Pablo Veloso
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Tatiana Adasme
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Centro Integrativo de Biología y Química Aplicada, Universidad Bernardo O HigginsSantiago, Chile
| | - Pedro Lobos
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Barbara Bruna
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Jose Galaz
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Alejandra García
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine and National Center for Health Information Systems, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Steffen Hartel
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Anatomy and Developmental Biology Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Center of Medical Informatics and Telemedicine and National Center for Health Information Systems, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Cecilia Hidalgo
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Physiology and Biophysics Program, Institute of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| | - Andrea C Paula-Lima
- Biomedical Neuroscience Institute, Faculty of Medicine, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile.,Institute for Research in Dental Sciences, Faculty of Dentistry, Universidad de ChileSantiago, Chile
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Choi H, Kim HJ, Kim J, Kim S, Yang J, Lee W, Park Y, Hyeon SJ, Lee DS, Ryu H, Chung J, Mook-Jung I. Increased acetylation of Peroxiredoxin1 by HDAC6 inhibition leads to recovery of Aβ-induced impaired axonal transport. Mol Neurodegener 2017; 12:23. [PMID: 28241840 PMCID: PMC5330132 DOI: 10.1186/s13024-017-0164-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Reduction or inhibition of histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6) has been shown to rescue memory in mouse models of Alzheimer’s disease (AD) and is recently being considered a possible therapeutic strategy. However, the restoring mechanism of HDAC6 inhibition has not been fully understood. Methods and results Here, we found that an anti-oxidant protein Peroxdiredoxin1 (Prx1), a substrate of HDAC6, malfunctions in Aβ treated cells, the brains of 5xFAD AD model mice and AD patients. Malfunctioning Prx1, caused by reduced Prx1 acetylation levels, was recovered by HDAC6 inhibition. Increasing acetylation levels of Prx1 by HDAC6 inhibition recovered elevated reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, elevated Ca2+ levels and impaired mitochondrial axonal transport, sequentially, even in the presence of Aβ. Prx1 mutant studies on the K197 site for an acetylation mimic or silencing mutation support the results showing that HDAC6 inhibitor restores Aβ-induced disruption of ROS, Ca2+ and axonal transport. Conclusions Taken together, increasing acetylation of Prx1 by HDAC6 inhibition has several beneficial effects in AD pathology. Here, we present the novel mechanism by which elevated acetylation of Prx1 rescues mitochondrial axonal transport impaired by Aβ. Therefore, our results suggest that modulation of Prx1 acetylation by HDAC6 inhibition has great therapeutic potential for AD and has further therapeutic possibilities for other neurodegenerative diseases as well. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (doi:10.1186/s13024-017-0164-1) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heesun Choi
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeng Jun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jisoo Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Soohyun Kim
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Jinhee Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Wonik Lee
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Yeonju Park
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology and Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seung Jae Hyeon
- Center for Neuromedicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dong-Sup Lee
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Immunology and Cancer Biology, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hoon Ryu
- VA Boston Healthcare System, Boston University Alzheimer's Disease Center, and Department of Neurology, Boston University School of Medicine, Boston, MA02130, USA.,Center for Neuromedicine, Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology, Seoul, Korea
| | - Junho Chung
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.,Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Inhee Mook-Jung
- Department of Biochemistry and Biomedical Sciences, Seoul National University, College of Medicine, Seoul, Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Parkinson's Disease: The Mitochondria-Iron Link. PARKINSONS DISEASE 2016; 2016:7049108. [PMID: 27293957 PMCID: PMC4886095 DOI: 10.1155/2016/7049108] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2016] [Revised: 04/12/2016] [Accepted: 04/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysfunction, iron accumulation, and oxidative damage are conditions often found in damaged brain areas of Parkinson's disease. We propose that a causal link exists between these three events. Mitochondrial dysfunction results not only in increased reactive oxygen species production but also in decreased iron-sulfur cluster synthesis and unorthodox activation of Iron Regulatory Protein 1 (IRP1), a key regulator of cell iron homeostasis. In turn, IRP1 activation results in iron accumulation and hydroxyl radical-mediated damage. These three occurrences-mitochondrial dysfunction, iron accumulation, and oxidative damage-generate a positive feedback loop of increased iron accumulation and oxidative stress. Here, we review the evidence that points to a link between mitochondrial dysfunction and iron accumulation as early events in the development of sporadic and genetic cases of Parkinson's disease. Finally, an attempt is done to contextualize the possible relationship between mitochondria dysfunction and iron dyshomeostasis. Based on published evidence, we propose that iron chelation-by decreasing iron-associated oxidative damage and by inducing cell survival and cell-rescue pathways-is a viable therapy for retarding this cycle.
Collapse
|
18
|
Astaxanthin Protects Primary Hippocampal Neurons against Noxious Effects of Aβ-Oligomers. Neural Plast 2016; 2016:3456783. [PMID: 27034843 PMCID: PMC4791503 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3456783] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2015] [Revised: 12/28/2015] [Accepted: 02/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Increased reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and the ensuing oxidative stress contribute to Alzheimer's disease pathology. We reported previously that amyloid-β peptide oligomers (AβOs) produce aberrant Ca2+ signals at sublethal concentrations and decrease the expression of type-2 ryanodine receptors (RyR2), which are crucial for hippocampal synaptic plasticity and memory. Here, we investigated whether the antioxidant agent astaxanthin (ATX) protects neurons from AβOs-induced excessive mitochondrial ROS generation, NFATc4 activation, and RyR2 mRNA downregulation. To determine mitochondrial H2O2 production or NFATc4 nuclear translocation, neurons were transfected with plasmids coding for HyperMito or NFATc4-eGFP, respectively. Primary hippocampal cultures were incubated with 0.1 μM ATX for 1.5 h prior to AβOs addition (500 nM). We found that incubation with ATX (≤10 μM) for ≤24 h was nontoxic to neurons, evaluated by the live/dead assay. Preincubation with 0.1 μM ATX also prevented the neuronal mitochondrial H2O2 generation induced within minutes of AβOs addition. Longer exposures to AβOs (6 h) promoted NFATc4-eGFP nuclear translocation and decreased RyR2 mRNA levels, evaluated by detection of the eGFP-tagged fluorescent plasmid and qPCR, respectively. Preincubation with 0.1 μM ATX prevented both effects. These results indicate that ATX protects neurons from the noxious effects of AβOs on mitochondrial ROS production, NFATc4 activation, and RyR2 gene expression downregulation.
Collapse
|
19
|
Aguirre P, Mena NP, Carrasco CM, Muñoz Y, Pérez-Henríquez P, Morales RA, Cassels BK, Méndez-Gálvez C, García-Beltrán O, González-Billault C, Núñez MT. Iron Chelators and Antioxidants Regenerate Neuritic Tree and Nigrostriatal Fibers of MPP+/MPTP-Lesioned Dopaminergic Neurons. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0144848. [PMID: 26658949 PMCID: PMC4684383 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0144848] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2015] [Accepted: 11/24/2015] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Neuronal death in Parkinson’s disease (PD) is often preceded by axodendritic tree retraction and loss of neuronal functionality. The presence of non-functional but live neurons opens therapeutic possibilities to recover functionality before clinical symptoms develop. Considering that iron accumulation and oxidative damage are conditions commonly found in PD, we tested the possible neuritogenic effects of iron chelators and antioxidant agents. We used three commercial chelators: DFO, deferiprone and 2.2’-dypyridyl, and three 8-hydroxyquinoline-based iron chelators: M30, 7MH and 7DH, and we evaluated their effects in vitro using a mesencephalic cell culture treated with the Parkinsonian toxin MPP+ and in vivo using the MPTP mouse model. All chelators tested promoted the emergence of new tyrosine hydroxylase (TH)-positive processes, increased axodendritic tree length and protected cells against lipoperoxidation. Chelator treatment resulted in the generation of processes containing the presynaptic marker synaptophysin. The antioxidants N-acetylcysteine and dymetylthiourea also enhanced axodendritic tree recovery in vitro, an indication that reducing oxidative tone fosters neuritogenesis in MPP+-damaged neurons. Oral administration to mice of the M30 chelator for 14 days after MPTP treatment resulted in increased TH- and GIRK2-positive nigra cells and nigrostriatal fibers. Our results support a role for oral iron chelators as good candidates for the early treatment of PD, at stages of the disease where there is axodendritic tree retraction without neuronal death.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pabla Aguirre
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Research Ring on Oxidative Stress in the Nervous System, Santiago, Chile
| | - Natalia P. Mena
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carlos M. Carrasco
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Research Ring on Oxidative Stress in the Nervous System, Santiago, Chile
| | - Yorka Muñoz
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Research Ring on Oxidative Stress in the Nervous System, Santiago, Chile
| | - Patricio Pérez-Henríquez
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Rodrigo A. Morales
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Bruce K. Cassels
- Chemobiodynamics Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Carolina Méndez-Gálvez
- Chemobiodynamics Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Olimpo García-Beltrán
- Chemobiodynamics Laboratory, Chemistry Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Matemáticas, Universidad de Ibagué, Ibagué, Colombia
| | - Christian González-Billault
- Research Ring on Oxidative Stress in the Nervous System, Santiago, Chile
- Neuronal and Cellular Dynamics Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Marco T. Núñez
- Iron and Biology of Aging Laboratory, Biology Department, Faculty of Sciences, Universidad de Chile, Santiago, Chile
- Research Ring on Oxidative Stress in the Nervous System, Santiago, Chile
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Ji WK, Hatch AL, Merrill RA, Strack S, Higgs HN. Actin filaments target the oligomeric maturation of the dynamin GTPase Drp1 to mitochondrial fission sites. eLife 2015; 4:e11553. [PMID: 26609810 PMCID: PMC4755738 DOI: 10.7554/elife.11553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 221] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2015] [Accepted: 11/25/2015] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
While the dynamin GTPase Drp1 plays a critical role during mitochondrial fission, mechanisms controlling its recruitment to fission sites are unclear. A current assumption is that cytosolic Drp1 is recruited directly to fission sites immediately prior to fission. Using live-cell microscopy, we find evidence for a different model, progressive maturation of Drp1 oligomers on mitochondria through incorporation of smaller mitochondrially-bound Drp1 units. Maturation of a stable Drp1 oligomer does not forcibly lead to fission. Drp1 oligomers also translocate directionally along mitochondria. Ionomycin, a calcium ionophore, causes rapid mitochondrial accumulation of actin filaments followed by Drp1 accumulation at the fission site, and increases fission rate. Inhibiting actin polymerization, myosin IIA, or the formin INF2 reduces both un-stimulated and ionomycin-induced Drp1 accumulation and mitochondrial fission. Actin filaments bind purified Drp1 and increase GTPase activity in a manner that is synergistic with the mitochondrial protein Mff, suggesting a role for direct Drp1/actin interaction. We propose that Drp1 is in dynamic equilibrium on mitochondria in a fission-independent manner, and that fission factors such as actin filaments target productive oligomerization to fission sites. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11553.001 Inside cells, structures called mitochondria supply the energy needed to carry out the processes that sustain life. Mitochondria constantly divide (a process known as fission) or fuse together, which helps to keep them in good working condition and well distributed around the cell. Several neurological disorders, including Parkinson’s disease and Alzheimer’s, are associated with problems that affect mitochondrial fission. Many different molecules work together to help mitochondria divide, including a protein called Drp1. A number of Drp1 molecules can associate with each other to form an “oligomer” in the shape of a ring around a mitochondrion. The ring then constricts to split the mitochondrion in two. It is often assumed that Drp1 molecules are recruited to the mitochondria immediately before fission and then form the oligomer ring. However, by using microscopy to track the movement of fluorescently labeled Drp1 molecules in human cells, Ji, Hatch et al. now suggest that Drp1 is continuously binding to and releasing from mitochondria, regardless of the need for fission. The experiments showed that when bound to surface of the mitochondrion, Drp1 switches between assembling and disassembling the oligomer ring. This process of Drp1 assembly and oligomerization on mitochondria is called maturation. Specific signals for fission can push Drp1 toward maturation, which then leads to fission. Ji, Hatch et al. found that one such signal is the assembly of filaments of a protein called actin. Preventing actin filaments from forming reduced the amount of Drp1 that accumulated at mitochondria, and resulted in the mitochondria dividing less frequently. Further biochemical experiments also revealed that actin interacts directly with Drp1 and stimulates Drp1 activity, helping the ring to organize and assist mitochondrial fission. The formation of actin filaments is not the only mechanism that can recruit Drp1 to mitochondria. Future work should investigate whether other mechanisms work with actin to recruit Drp1. As with actin filaments, other signals might be predicted to influence the balance of maturation and disassembly of Drp1 oligomers. DOI:http://dx.doi.org/10.7554/eLife.11553.002
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei-ke Ji
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Anna L Hatch
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| | - Ronald A Merrill
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Stefan Strack
- Department of Pharmacology, The University of Iowa, Iowa City, United States
| | - Henry N Higgs
- Department of Biochemistry, Geisel School of Medicine at Dartmouth, Hanover, United States
| |
Collapse
|