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Rahdar M, Davoudi S, Dehghan S, Javan M, Hosseinmardi N, Behzadi G, Janahmadi M. Reversal of electrophysiological and behavioral deficits mediated by 5-HT7 receptor upregulation following LP-211 treatment in an autistic-like rat model induced by prenatal valproic acid exposure. Neuropharmacology 2024; 257:110057. [PMID: 38964596 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2024.110057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2024] [Revised: 06/11/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is a neurodevelopmental disorder characterized by alterations and imbalances in multiple brain neurochemical systems, particularly the serotonergic neurotransmission. This includes changes in serotonin (5-HT) levels, aberrations in 5-HT transporter activity, and decreased synthesis and expression of 5-HT receptors (5-HT7Rs). The exact role of the brain 5-HT system in the development of ASD remains unclear, with conflicting evidence on its involvement. Recently, we have reported research has shown a significant decrease in serotonergic neurons originating from the raphe nuclei and projecting to the CA1 region of the dorsal hippocampus in autistic-like rats. Additionally, we have shown that chronic activation of 5-HT7Rs reverses the effects of autism induction on synaptic plasticity. However, the functional significance of 5-HT7Rs at the cellular level is still not fully understood. This study presents new evidence indicating an upregulation of 5-HT7R in the CA1 subregion of the hippocampus following the induction of autism. The present account also demonstrates that activation of 5-HT7R with its agonist LP-211 can reverse electrophysiological abnormalities in hippocampal pyramidal neurons in a rat model of autism induced by prenatal exposure to VPA. Additionally, in vivo administration of LP-211 resulted in improvements in motor coordination, novel object recognition, and a reduction in stereotypic behaviors in autistic-like offspring. The findings suggest that dysregulated expression of 5-HT7Rs may play a role in the pathophysiology of ASD, and that agonists like LP-211 could potentially be explored as a pharmacological treatment for autism spectrum disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona Rahdar
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shima Davoudi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samaneh Dehghan
- Stem Cell and Regenerative Medicine Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Javan
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Narges Hosseinmardi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Gila Behzadi
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mahyar Janahmadi
- Neuroscience Research Center and Dep. of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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2
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Lyuboslavsky P, Ordemann GJ, Kizimenko A, Brumback AC. Two contrasting mediodorsal thalamic circuits target the mouse medial prefrontal cortex. J Neurophysiol 2024; 131:876-890. [PMID: 38568510 DOI: 10.1152/jn.00456.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2024] [Accepted: 03/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/09/2024] Open
Abstract
At the heart of the prefrontal network is the mediodorsal (MD) thalamus. Despite the importance of MD in a broad range of behaviors and neuropsychiatric disorders, little is known about the physiology of neurons in MD. We injected the retrograde tracer cholera toxin subunit B (CTB) into the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) of adult wild-type mice. We prepared acute brain slices and used current clamp electrophysiology to measure and compare the intrinsic properties of the neurons in MD that project to mPFC (MD→mPFC neurons). We show that MD→mPFC neurons are located predominantly in the medial (MD-M) and lateral (MD-L) subnuclei of MD. MD-L→mPFC neurons had shorter membrane time constants and lower membrane resistance than MD-M→mPFC neurons. Relatively increased hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel activity in MD-L neurons accounted for the difference in membrane resistance. MD-L neurons had a higher rheobase that resulted in less readily generated action potentials compared with MD-M→mPFC neurons. In both cell types, HCN channels supported generation of burst spiking. Increased HCN channel activity in MD-L neurons results in larger after-hyperpolarization potentials compared with MD-M neurons. These data demonstrate that the two populations of MD→mPFC neurons have divergent physiologies and support a differential role in thalamocortical information processing and potentially behavior.NEW & NOTEWORTHY To realize the potential of circuit-based therapies for psychiatric disorders that localize to the prefrontal network, we need to understand the properties of the populations of neurons that make up this network. The mediodorsal (MD) thalamus has garnered attention for its roles in executive functioning and social/emotional behaviors mediated, at least in part, by its projections to the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC). Here, we identify and compare the physiology of the projection neurons in the two MD subnuclei that provide ascending inputs to mPFC in mice. Differences in intrinsic excitability between the two populations of neurons suggest that neuromodulation strategies targeting the prefrontal thalamocortical network will have differential effects on these two streams of thalamic input to mPFC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Polina Lyuboslavsky
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Gregory J Ordemann
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Alena Kizimenko
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
| | - Audrey C Brumback
- Department of Neurology, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Dell Medical School, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
- Center for Learning and Memory, The University of Texas at Austin, Austin, Texas, United States
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3
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Doldur-Balli F, Smieszek SP, Keenan BT, Zimmerman AJ, Veatch OJ, Polymeropoulos CM, Birznieks G, Polymeropoulos MH. Screening effects of HCN channel blockers on sleep/wake behavior in zebrafish. Front Neurosci 2024; 18:1375484. [PMID: 38567282 PMCID: PMC10986788 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2024.1375484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) ion channels generate electrical rhythmicity in various tissues although primarily heart, retina and brain. The HCN channel blocker compound, Ivabradine (Corlanor), is approved by the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) as a medication to lower heart rate by blocking hyperpolarization activated inward current in the sinoatrial node. In addition, a growing body of evidence suggests a role for HCN channels in regulation of sleep/wake behavior. Zebrafish larvae are ideal model organisms for high throughput drug screening, drug repurposing and behavioral phenotyping studies. We leveraged this model system to investigate effects of three HCN channel blockers (Ivabradine, Zatebradine Hydrochloride and ZD7288) at multiple doses on sleep/wake behavior in wild type zebrafish. Results of interest included shorter latency to daytime sleep at 0.1 μM dose of Ivabradine (ANOVA, p: 0.02), moderate reduction in average activity at 30 μM dose of Zatebradine Hydrochloride (ANOVA, p: 0.024) in daytime, and increased nighttime sleep at 4.5 μM dose of ZD7288 (ANOVA, p: 0.036). Taken together, shorter latency to daytime sleep, decrease in daytime activity and increased nighttime sleep indicate that different HCN channel antagonists affected different parameters of sleep and activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fusun Doldur-Balli
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | | | - Brendan T. Keenan
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Amber J. Zimmerman
- Division of Sleep Medicine, Department of Medicine, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Olivia J. Veatch
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of Kansas Medical Center, Kansas City, KS, United States
| | | | - Gunther Birznieks
- Vanda Pharmaceuticals Inc., Pennsylvania, Washington, DC, United States
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Kim D, Roh H, Lee HM, Kim SJ, Im M. Localization of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels in the vertebrate retinas across species and their physiological roles. Front Neuroanat 2024; 18:1385932. [PMID: 38562955 PMCID: PMC10982330 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2024.1385932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/06/2024] [Indexed: 04/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Transmembrane proteins known as hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels control the movement of Na+ and K+ ions across cellular membranes. HCN channels are known to be involved in crucial physiological functions in regulating neuronal excitability and rhythmicity, and pacemaker activity in the heart. Although HCN channels have been relatively well investigated in the brain, their distribution and function in the retina have received less attention, remaining their physiological roles to be comprehensively understood. Also, because recent studies reported HCN channels have been somewhat linked with the dysfunction of photoreceptors which are affected by retinal diseases, investigating HCN channels in the retina may offer valuable insights into disease mechanisms and potentially contribute to identifying novel therapeutic targets for retinal degenerative disorders. This paper endeavors to summarize the existing literature on the distribution and function of HCN channels reported in the vertebrate retinas of various species and discuss the potential implications for the treatment of retinal diseases. Then, we recapitulate current knowledge regarding the function and regulation of HCN channels, as well as their relevance to various neurological disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Kim
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyeonhee Roh
- School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyung-Min Lee
- School of Electrical Engineering, College of Engineering, Korea University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Jeong Kim
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, College of Medicine, Seoul National University (SNU), Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Maesoon Im
- Brain Science Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Division of Bio-Medical Science & Technology, KIST School, University of Science & Technology (UST), Seoul, Republic of Korea
- KHU-KIST Department of Converging Science and Technology, Kyung Hee University, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Qi ZX, Yan Q, Fan XJ, Peng JY, Zhu HX, Jiang YM, Chen L, Zhuang QX. Role of HCN channels in the functions of basal ganglia and Parkinson's disease. Cell Mol Life Sci 2024; 81:135. [PMID: 38478096 PMCID: PMC10937777 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-024-05163-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 02/06/2024] [Indexed: 03/17/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a motor disorder resulting from dopaminergic neuron degeneration in the substantia nigra caused by age, genetics, and environment. The disease severely impacts a patient's quality of life and can even be life-threatening. The hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channel is a member of the HCN1-4 gene family and is widely expressed in basal ganglia nuclei. The hyperpolarization-activated current mediated by the HCN channel has a distinct impact on neuronal excitability and rhythmic activity associated with PD pathogenesis, as it affects the firing activity, including both firing rate and firing pattern, of neurons in the basal ganglia nuclei. This review aims to comprehensively understand the characteristics of HCN channels by summarizing their regulatory role in neuronal firing activity of the basal ganglia nuclei. Furthermore, the distribution and characteristics of HCN channels in each nucleus of the basal ganglia group and their effect on PD symptoms through modulating neuronal electrical activity are discussed. Since the roles of the substantia nigra pars compacta and reticulata, as well as globus pallidus externus and internus, are distinct in the basal ganglia circuit, they are individually described. Lastly, this investigation briefly highlights that the HCN channel expressed on microglia plays a role in the pathological process of PD by affecting the neuroinflammatory response.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeng-Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Ya Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Hui-Xian Zhu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yi-Miao Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200030, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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Kazmierska-Grebowska P, Jankowski MM, MacIver MB. Missing Puzzle Pieces in Dementia Research: HCN Channels and Theta Oscillations. Aging Dis 2024; 15:22-42. [PMID: 37450922 PMCID: PMC10796085 DOI: 10.14336/ad.2023.0607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Increasing evidence indicates a role of hyperpolarization activated cation (HCN) channels in controlling the resting membrane potential, pacemaker activity, memory formation, sleep, and arousal. Their disfunction may be associated with the development of epilepsy and age-related memory decline. Neuronal hyperexcitability involved in epileptogenesis and EEG desynchronization occur in the course of dementia in human Alzheimer's Disease (AD) and animal models, nevertheless the underlying ionic and cellular mechanisms of these effects are not well understood. Some suggest that theta rhythms involved in memory formation could be used as a marker of memory disturbances in the course of neurogenerative diseases, including AD. This review focusses on the interplay between hyperpolarization HCN channels, theta oscillations, memory formation and their role(s) in dementias, including AD. While individually, each of these factors have been linked to each other with strong supportive evidence, we hope here to expand this linkage to a more inclusive picture. Thus, HCN channels could provide a molecular target for developing new therapeutic agents for preventing and/or treating dementia.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Maciej M. Jankowski
- Edmond and Lily Safra Center for Brain Sciences, The Hebrew University of Jerusalem, Jerusalem, Israel.
- BioTechMed Center, Multimedia Systems Department, Faculty of Electronics, Telecommunications, and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.Telecommunications and Informatics, Gdansk University of Technology, Gdansk, Poland.
| | - M. Bruce MacIver
- Department of Anesthesiology, Perioperative and Pain Medicine, Stanford University School of of Medicine, Stanford University, CA, USA.
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Orfali R, Alwatban AZ, Orfali RS, Lau L, Chea N, Alotaibi AM, Nam YW, Zhang M. Oxidative stress and ion channels in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Physiol 2024; 15:1320086. [PMID: 38348223 PMCID: PMC10859863 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2024.1320086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 02/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Numerous neurodegenerative diseases result from altered ion channel function and mutations. The intracellular redox status can significantly alter the gating characteristics of ion channels. Abundant neurodegenerative diseases associated with oxidative stress have been documented, including Parkinson's, Alzheimer's, spinocerebellar ataxia, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis, and Huntington's disease. Reactive oxygen and nitrogen species compounds trigger posttranslational alterations that target specific sites within the subunits responsible for channel assembly. These alterations include the adjustment of cysteine residues through redox reactions induced by reactive oxygen species (ROS), nitration, and S-nitrosylation assisted by nitric oxide of tyrosine residues through peroxynitrite. Several ion channels have been directly investigated for their functional responses to oxidizing agents and oxidative stress. This review primarily explores the relationship and potential links between oxidative stress and ion channels in neurodegenerative conditions, such as cerebellar ataxias and Parkinson's disease. The potential correlation between oxidative stress and ion channels could hold promise for developing innovative therapies for common neurodegenerative diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Razan Orfali
- Neuroscience Research Department, Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Adnan Z. Alwatban
- Neuroscience Research Department, Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Liz Lau
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Noble Chea
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Abdullah M. Alotaibi
- Neuroscience Research Department, Research Centre, King Fahad Medical City, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Young-Woo Nam
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
| | - Miao Zhang
- Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chapman University School of Pharmacy, Irvine, CA, United States
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8
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Manavi MA, Fathian Nasab MH, Mohammad Jafari R, Dehpour AR. Mechanisms underlying dose-limiting toxicities of conventional chemotherapeutic agents. J Chemother 2024:1-31. [PMID: 38179685 DOI: 10.1080/1120009x.2023.2300217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2024]
Abstract
Dose-limiting toxicities (DLTs) are severe adverse effects that define the maximum tolerated dose of a cancer drug. In addition to the specific mechanisms of each drug, common contributing factors include inflammation, apoptosis, ion imbalances, and tissue-specific enzyme deficiencies. Among various DLTs are bleomycin-induced pulmonary fibrosis, doxorubicin-induced cardiomyopathy, cisplatin-induced nephrotoxicity, methotrexate-induced hepatotoxicity, vincristine-induced neurotoxicity, paclitaxel-induced peripheral neuropathy, and irinotecan, which elicits severe diarrhea. Currently, specific treatments beyond dose reduction are lacking for most toxicities. Further research on cellular and molecular pathways is imperative to improve their management. This review synthesizes preclinical and clinical data on the pharmacological mechanisms underlying DLTs and explores possible treatment approaches. A comprehensive perspective reveals knowledge gaps and emphasizes the need for future studies to develop more targeted strategies for mitigating these dose-dependent adverse effects. This could allow the safer administration of fully efficacious doses to maximize patient survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Amin Manavi
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Razieh Mohammad Jafari
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ahmad Reza Dehpour
- Experimental Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Silva A, Mourão J, Vale N. A Review of the Lidocaine in the Perioperative Period. J Pers Med 2023; 13:1699. [PMID: 38138926 PMCID: PMC10744742 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13121699] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2023] [Revised: 12/06/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
This review analyzes the controversies surrounding lidocaine (LIDO), a widely recognized local anesthetic, by exploring its multifaceted effects on pain control in the perioperative setting. The article critically analyzes debates about lidocaine's efficacy, safety, and optimal administration methods. While acknowledging its well-documented analgesic attributes, the text highlights the ongoing controversies in its application. The goal is to provide clinicians with a comprehensive understanding of the current discourse, enabling informed decisions about incorporating lidocaine into perioperative protocols. On the other hand, emphasizes the common uses of lidocaine and its potential role in personalized medicine. It discusses the medication's versatility, including its application in anesthesia, chronic pain, and cardiovascular diseases. The text recognizes lidocaine's widespread use in medical practice and its ability to be combined with other drugs, showcasing its adaptability for individualized treatments. Additionally, it explores the incorporation of lidocaine into hyaluronic acid injections and its impact on pharmacokinetics, signaling innovative approaches. The discussion centers on how lidocaine, within the realm of personalized medicine, can offer safer and more comfortable experiences for patients through tailored treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abigail Silva
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
| | - Joana Mourão
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- PerMed Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal;
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal;
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Mishra P, Narayanan R. The enigmatic HCN channels: A cellular neurophysiology perspective. Proteins 2023. [PMID: 37982354 DOI: 10.1002/prot.26643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/09/2023] [Indexed: 11/21/2023]
Abstract
What physiological role does a slow hyperpolarization-activated ion channel with mixed cation selectivity play in the fast world of neuronal action potentials that are driven by depolarization? That puzzling question has piqued the curiosity of physiology enthusiasts about the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels, which are widely expressed across the body and especially in neurons. In this review, we emphasize the need to assess HCN channels from the perspective of how they respond to time-varying signals, while also accounting for their interactions with other co-expressing channels and receptors. First, we illustrate how the unique structural and functional characteristics of HCN channels allow them to mediate a slow negative feedback loop in the neurons that they express in. We present the several physiological implications of this negative feedback loop to neuronal response characteristics including neuronal gain, voltage sag and rebound, temporal summation, membrane potential resonance, inductive phase lead, spike triggered average, and coincidence detection. Next, we argue that the overall impact of HCN channels on neuronal physiology critically relies on their interactions with other co-expressing channels and receptors. Interactions with other channels allow HCN channels to mediate intrinsic oscillations, earning them the "pacemaker channel" moniker, and to regulate spike frequency adaptation, plateau potentials, neurotransmitter release from presynaptic terminals, and spike initiation at the axonal initial segment. We also explore the impact of spatially non-homogeneous subcellular distributions of HCN channels in different neuronal subtypes and their interactions with other channels and receptors. Finally, we discuss how plasticity in HCN channels is widely prevalent and can mediate different encoding, homeostatic, and neuroprotective functions in a neuron. In summary, we argue that HCN channels form an important class of channels that mediate a diversity of neuronal functions owing to their unique gating kinetics that made them a puzzle in the first place.
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Affiliation(s)
- Poonam Mishra
- Department of Neuroscience, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, Connecticut, USA
| | - Rishikesh Narayanan
- Cellular Neurophysiology Laboratory, Molecular Biophysics Unit, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore, India
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11
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Wang B, Zhao Y, Qu Y, Lu J, Yan H, Gu J, Jiang Q, Xu Y, Xia W. Neuroprotective effect of chitosan oligosaccharide on alcohol-induced hippocampal injury using proteomic analysis. J Food Sci 2023; 88:4718-4730. [PMID: 37799098 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.16778] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 09/07/2023] [Indexed: 10/07/2023]
Abstract
Alcoholism is a serious public health problem, and the abuse of drinking seriously damages the health of people. Chitosan oligosaccharides (COSs) are small-molecule oligosaccharides with amino groups that have many unique properties. The neuroprotective effect of COS on alcohol-induced hippocampal injury in Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats was investigated. The discrimination ratio of the COS group in the Y-maze experiment was 59.3% higher than that of the ETOH group. Meanwhile, the discrimination index was less than 0 in the ETOH group but greater than 0 in the COS group during the object recognition test. The cells in the COS group were more tightly arranged than those in the ETOH group. Proteomics was used to identify differentially expressed proteins in the hippocampus. There were 27 differentially expressed proteins in the COS and ETOH group for further bioinformatic analysis. There are three enriched pathway categories, namely, primary immunodeficiency, hedgehog signaling, and sulfur relay system. Next, sonic hedgehog signaling pathway-related proteins were verified through western blotting. The protein expression level of β-arrestin-2 in the COS group was 2.85 times higher than that in the ETOH group. This work may contribute to understanding the underlying mechanism of the neuroprotective effect of COS against alcohol-induced hippocampal injury in SD rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuke Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yufei Qu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
| | - Jingyu Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
| | - Hua Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Juan Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiqing Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanshun Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wenshui Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Resources, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Jiangsu, Wuxi, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center of Food Safety and Quality Control in Jiangsu Province, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
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12
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Inibhunu H, Moradi Chameh H, Skinner F, Rich S, Valiante TA. Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Channels Shape the Spiking Frequency Preference of Human Cortical Layer 5 Pyramidal Neurons. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0215-23.2023. [PMID: 37567768 PMCID: PMC10467019 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0215-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2023] [Revised: 07/19/2023] [Accepted: 07/20/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Discerning the contribution of specific ionic currents to complex neuronal dynamics is a difficult, but important, task. This challenge is exacerbated in the human setting, although the widely characterized uniqueness of the human brain compared with preclinical models necessitates the direct study of human neurons. Neuronal spiking frequency preference is of particular interest given its role in rhythm generation and signal transmission in cortical circuits. Here, we combine the frequency-dependent gain (FDG), a measure of spiking frequency preference, and novel in silico analyses to dissect the contributions of individual ionic currents to the suprathreshold features of human layer 5 (L5) neurons captured by the FDG. We confirm that a contemporary model of such a neuron, primarily constrained to capture subthreshold activity driven by the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated (h-) current, replicates key features of the in vitro FDG both with and without h-current activity. With the model confirmed as a viable approximation of the biophysical features of interest, we applied new analysis techniques to quantify the activity of each modeled ionic current in the moments before spiking, revealing unique dynamics of the h-current. These findings motivated patch-clamp recordings in analogous rodent neurons to characterize their FDG, which confirmed that a biophysically detailed model of these neurons captures key interspecies differences in the FDG. These differences are correlated with distinct contributions of the h-current to neuronal activity. Together, this interdisciplinary and multispecies study provides new insights directly relating the dynamics of the h-current to suprathreshold spiking frequency preference in human L5 neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Happy Inibhunu
- Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1M8, Canada
| | - Homeira Moradi Chameh
- Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1M8, Canada
| | - Frances Skinner
- Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1M8, Canada
- Departments of Medicine, Neurology and Physiology, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3H2, Canada
| | - Scott Rich
- Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1M8, Canada
| | - Taufik A Valiante
- Division of Clinical and Computational Neuroscience, Krembil Brain Institute, University Health Network, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1M8, Canada
- Institute of Biomedical Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3E2, Canada
- Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 3G4, Canada
- Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5S 1A8, Canada
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario M5T 1P5, Canada
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13
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Schep LJ, Slaughter RJ, Watts M, Mackenzie E, Gee P. The clinical toxicology of ketamine. Clin Toxicol (Phila) 2023:1-14. [PMID: 37267048 DOI: 10.1080/15563650.2023.2212125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/04/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Ketamine is a pharmaceutical drug possessing both analgesic and anaesthetic properties. As an anaesthetic, it induces anaesthesia by producing analgesia with a state of altered consciousness while maintaining airway tone, respiratory drive, and hemodynamic stability. At lower doses, it has psychoactive properties and has gained popularity as a recreational drug. OBJECTIVES To review the epidemiology, mechanisms of toxicity, pharmacokinetics, clinical features, diagnosis and management of ketamine toxicity. METHODS Both OVID MEDLINE (January 1950-April 2023) and Web of Science (1900-April 2023) databases were searched using the term "ketamine" in combination with the keywords "pharmacokinetics", "kinetics", "poisoning", "poison", "toxicity", "ingestion", "adverse effects", "overdose", and "intoxication". Furthermore, bibliographies of identified articles were screened for additional relevant studies. These searches produced 5,268 non-duplicate citations; 185 articles (case reports, case series, pharmacokinetic studies, animal studies pertinent to pharmacology, and reviews) were considered relevant. Those excluded were other animal investigations, therapeutic human clinical investigations, commentaries, editorials, cases with no clinical relevance and post-mortem investigations. EPIDEMIOLOGY Following its introduction into medical practice in the early 1970s, ketamine has become a popular recreational drug. Its use has become associated with the dance culture, electronic and dubstep dance events. MECHANISM OF ACTION Ketamine acts primarily as a non-competitive antagonist on the glutamate N-methyl-D-aspartate receptor, causing the loss of responsiveness that is associated with clinical ketamine dissociative anaesthesia. PHARMACOKINETICS Absorption of ketamine is rapid though the rate of uptake and bioavailability is determined by the route of exposure. Ketamine is metabolized extensively in the liver. Initially, both isomers are metabolized to their major active metabolite, norketamine, by CYP2B6, CYP3A4 and CYP2C9 isoforms. The hydroxylation of the cyclohexan-1-one ring of norketamine to the three positional isomers of hydroxynorketamine occurs by CYP2B6 and CYP2A6. The dehydronorketamine metabolite occurs either by direct dehydrogenation from norketamine via CYP2B6 metabolism or non-enzymatic dehydration of hydroxynorketamine. Norketamine, the dehydronorketamine isomers, and hydroxynorketamine have pharmacological activity. The elimination of ketamine is primarily by the kidneys, though unchanged ketamine accounts for only a small percentage in the urine. The half-life of ketamine in humans is between 1.5 and 5 h. CLINICAL FEATURES Acute adverse effects following recreational use are diverse and can include impaired consciousness, dizziness, irrational behaviour, hallucinations, abdominal pain and vomiting. Chronic use can result in impaired verbal information processing, cystitis and cholangiopathy. DIAGNOSIS The diagnosis of acute ketamine intoxication is typically made on the basis of the patient's history, clinical features, such as vomiting, sialorrhea, or laryngospasm, along with neuropsychiatric features. Chronic effects of ketamine toxicity can result in cholangiopathy and cystitis, which can be confirmed by endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography and cystoscopy, respectively. MANAGEMENT Treatment of acute clinical toxicity is predominantly supportive with empiric management of specific adverse effects. Benzodiazepines are recommended as initial treatment to reduce agitation, excess neuromuscular activity and blood pressure. Management of cystitis is multidisciplinary and multi-tiered, following a stepwise approach of pharmacotherapy and surgery. Management of cholangiopathy may require pain management and, where necessary, biliary stenting to alleviate obstructions. Chronic effects of ketamine toxicity are typically reversible, with management focusing on abstinence. CONCLUSIONS Ketamine is a dissociative drug employed predominantly in emergency medicine; it has also become popular as a recreational drug. Its recreational use can result in acute neuropsychiatric effects, whereas chronic use can result in cystitis and cholangiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Leo J Schep
- Professional Practice Fellow, Department of Biochemistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | | | - Martin Watts
- Emergency Department, Southland Hospital, Invercargill, New Zealand
| | - Elliot Mackenzie
- Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Women and Childrens Health. Dunedin Public Hospital, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Paul Gee
- National Poisons Centre, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
- Emergency Department, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand
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14
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Gabitto MI, Travaglini KJ, Rachleff VM, Kaplan ES, Long B, Ariza J, Ding Y, Mahoney JT, Dee N, Goldy J, Melief EJ, Brouner K, Campos J, Carr AJ, Casper T, Chakrabarty R, Clark M, Compos J, Cool J, Valera Cuevas NJ, Dalley R, Darvas M, Ding SL, Dolbeare T, Mac Donald CL, Egdorf T, Esposito L, Ferrer R, Gala R, Gary A, Gloe J, Guilford N, Guzman J, Ho W, Jarksy T, Johansen N, Kalmbach BE, Keene LM, Khawand S, Kilgore M, Kirkland A, Kunst M, Lee BR, Malone J, Maltzer Z, Martin N, McCue R, McMillen D, Meyerdierks E, Meyers KP, Mollenkopf T, Montine M, Nolan AL, Nyhus J, Olsen PA, Pacleb M, Pham T, Pom CA, Postupna N, Ruiz A, Schantz AM, Sorensen SA, Staats B, Sullivan M, Sunkin SM, Thompson C, Tieu M, Ting J, Torkelson A, Tran T, Wang MQ, Waters J, Wilson AM, Haynor D, Gatto N, Jayadev S, Mufti S, Ng L, Mukherjee S, Crane PK, Latimer CS, Levi BP, Smith K, Close JL, Miller JA, Hodge RD, Larson EB, Grabowski TJ, Hawrylycz M, Keene CD, Lein ES. Integrated multimodal cell atlas of Alzheimer's disease. RESEARCH SQUARE 2023:rs.3.rs-2921860. [PMID: 37292694 PMCID: PMC10246227 DOI: 10.21203/rs.3.rs-2921860/v1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia in older adults. Neuropathological and imaging studies have demonstrated a progressive and stereotyped accumulation of protein aggregates, but the underlying molecular and cellular mechanisms driving AD progression and vulnerable cell populations affected by disease remain coarsely understood. The current study harnesses single cell and spatial genomics tools and knowledge from the BRAIN Initiative Cell Census Network to understand the impact of disease progression on middle temporal gyrus cell types. We used image-based quantitative neuropathology to place 84 donors spanning the spectrum of AD pathology along a continuous disease pseudoprogression score and multiomic technologies to profile single nuclei from each donor, mapping their transcriptomes, epigenomes, and spatial coordinates to a common cell type reference with unprecedented resolution. Temporal analysis of cell-type proportions indicated an early reduction of Somatostatin-expressing neuronal subtypes and a late decrease of supragranular intratelencephalic-projecting excitatory and Parvalbumin-expressing neurons, with increases in disease-associated microglial and astrocytic states. We found complex gene expression differences, ranging from global to cell type-specific effects. These effects showed different temporal patterns indicating diverse cellular perturbations as a function of disease progression. A subset of donors showed a particularly severe cellular and molecular phenotype, which correlated with steeper cognitive decline. We have created a freely available public resource to explore these data and to accelerate progress in AD research at SEA-AD.org.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Victoria M. Rachleff
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | | | - Brian Long
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jeanelle Ariza
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Yi Ding
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Nick Dee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jeff Goldy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Erica J. Melief
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | | | - John Campos
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | | | - Tamara Casper
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Michael Clark
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jazmin Compos
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jonah Cool
- Chan Zuckerberg Initiative, Redwood City, CA 94063
| | | | - Rachel Dalley
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Martin Darvas
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Song-Lin Ding
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Tim Dolbeare
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Tom Egdorf
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Luke Esposito
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Rohan Gala
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Amanda Gary
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jessica Gloe
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | | | - Windy Ho
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Tim Jarksy
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | | | - Lisa M. Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Sarah Khawand
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Mitch Kilgore
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Amanda Kirkland
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Michael Kunst
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Brian R. Lee
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Zoe Maltzer
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Naomi Martin
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Rachel McCue
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | | | - Kelly P. Meyers
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101
| | | | - Mark Montine
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Amber L. Nolan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Julie Nyhus
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Paul A. Olsen
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Maiya Pacleb
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Thanh Pham
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Nadia Postupna
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Augustin Ruiz
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Aimee M. Schantz
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | | | - Brian Staats
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Matt Sullivan
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | | | - Michael Tieu
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Jonathan Ting
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Amy Torkelson
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Tracy Tran
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Jack Waters
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Angela M. Wilson
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - David Haynor
- Department of Radiology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98014
| | - Nicole Gatto
- Kaiser Permanente Washington Research Institute, Seattle, WA, 98101
| | - Suman Jayadev
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Shoaib Mufti
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | - Lydia Ng
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | - Paul K. Crane
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Caitlin S. Latimer
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Boaz P. Levi
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
| | | | | | | | | | - Eric B. Larson
- Department of Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | | | | | - C. Dirk Keene
- Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA 98104
| | - Ed S. Lein
- Allen Institute for Brain Science, Seattle, WA, 98109
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15
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Peng JY, Qi ZX, Yan Q, Fan XJ, Shen KL, Huang HW, Lu JH, Wang XQ, Fang XX, Mao L, Ni J, Chen L, Zhuang QX. Ameliorating parkinsonian motor dysfunction by targeting histamine receptors in entopeduncular nucleus-thalamus circuitry. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2216247120. [PMID: 37068253 PMCID: PMC10151461 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2216247120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/19/2023] Open
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD), reduced dopamine levels in the basal ganglia have been associated with altered neuronal firing and motor dysfunction. It remains unclear whether the altered firing rate or pattern of basal ganglia neurons leads to parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction. In the present study, we show that increased histaminergic innervation of the entopeduncular nucleus (EPN) in the mouse model of PD leads to activation of EPN parvalbumin (PV) neurons projecting to the thalamic motor nucleus via hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels coupled to postsynaptic H2R. Simultaneously, this effect is negatively regulated by presynaptic H3R activation in subthalamic nucleus (STN) glutamatergic neurons projecting to the EPN. Notably, the activation of both types of receptors ameliorates parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction. Pharmacological activation of H2R or genetic upregulation of HCN2 in EPNPV neurons, which reduce neuronal burst firing, ameliorates parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction independent of changes in the neuronal firing rate. In addition, optogenetic inhibition of EPNPV neurons and pharmacological activation or genetic upregulation of H3R in EPN-projecting STNGlu neurons ameliorate parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction by reducing the firing rate rather than altering the firing pattern of EPNPV neurons. Thus, although a reduced firing rate and more regular firing pattern of EPNPV neurons correlate with amelioration in parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction, the firing pattern appears to be more critical in this context. These results also confirm that targeting H2R and its downstream HCN2 channel in EPNPV neurons and H3R in EPN-projecting STNGlu neurons may represent potential therapeutic strategies for the clinical treatment of parkinsonism-associated motor dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ya Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Zeng-Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai200030, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai200030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Qi Yan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Kang-Li Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Hui-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
| | - Liming Mao
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
- Basic Medical Research Center, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong226019, China
| | - Jianguang Ni
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai200030, China
- National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai200030, China
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai200030, China
- State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and Ministry of Education Frontiers Center for Brain Science, Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai200030, China
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Nantong University, Nantong, Jiangsu226001, China
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16
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Rizzello E, Pimpinella D, Pignataro A, Titta G, Merenda E, Saviana M, Porcheddu G, Paolantoni C, Malerba F, Giorgi C, Curia G, Middei S, Marchetti C. Lamotrigine rescues neuronal alterations and prevents seizure-induced memory decline in an Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Neurobiol Dis 2023; 181:106106. [PMID: 37001613 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2023.106106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/17/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a comorbidity associated with Alzheimer's disease (AD), often starting many years earlier than memory decline. Investigating this association in the early pre-symptomatic stages of AD can unveil new mechanisms of the pathology as well as guide the use of antiepileptic drugs to prevent or delay hyperexcitability-related pathological effects of AD. We investigated the impact of repeated seizures on hippocampal memory and amyloid-β (Aβ) load in pre-symptomatic Tg2576 mice, a transgenic model of AD. Seizure induction caused memory deficits and an increase in oligomeric Aβ42 and fibrillary species selectively in pre-symptomatic transgenic mice, and not in their wildtype littermates. Electrophysiological patch-clamp recordings in ex vivo CA1 pyramidal neurons and immunoblots were carried out to investigate the neuronal alterations associated with the behavioral outcomes of Tg2576 mice. CA1 pyramidal neurons exhibited increased intrinsic excitability and lower hyperpolarization-activated Ih current. CA1 also displayed lower expression of the hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated HCN1 subunit, a protein already identified as downregulated in the AD human proteome. The antiepileptic drug lamotrigine restored electrophysiological alterations and prevented both memory deficits and the increase in extracellular Aβ induced by seizures. Thus our study provides evidence of pre-symptomatic hippocampal neuronal alterations leading to hyperexcitability and associated with both higher susceptibility to seizures and to AD-specific seizure-induced memory impairment. Our findings also provide a basis for the use of the antiepileptic drug lamotrigine as a way to counteract acceleration of AD induced by seizures in the early phases of the pathology.
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17
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Voltage-Gated T-Type Calcium Channel Modulation by Kinases and Phosphatases: The Old Ones, the New Ones, and the Missing Ones. Cells 2023; 12:cells12030461. [PMID: 36766802 PMCID: PMC9913649 DOI: 10.3390/cells12030461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 01/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Calcium (Ca2+) can regulate a wide variety of cellular fates, such as proliferation, apoptosis, and autophagy. More importantly, changes in the intracellular Ca2+ level can modulate signaling pathways that control a broad range of physiological as well as pathological cellular events, including those important to cellular excitability, cell cycle, gene-transcription, contraction, cancer progression, etc. Not only intracellular Ca2+ level but the distribution of Ca2+ in the intracellular compartments is also a highly regulated process. For this Ca2+ homeostasis, numerous Ca2+ chelating, storage, and transport mechanisms are required. There are also specialized proteins that are responsible for buffering and transport of Ca2+. T-type Ca2+ channels (TTCCs) are one of those specialized proteins which play a key role in the signal transduction of many excitable and non-excitable cell types. TTCCs are low-voltage activated channels that belong to the family of voltage-gated Ca2+ channels. Over decades, multiple kinases and phosphatases have been shown to modulate the activity of TTCCs, thus playing an indirect role in maintaining cellular physiology. In this review, we provide information on the kinase and phosphatase modulation of TTCC isoforms Cav3.1, Cav3.2, and Cav3.3, which are mostly described for roles unrelated to cellular excitability. We also describe possible potential modulations that are yet to be explored. For example, both mitogen-activated protein kinase and citron kinase show affinity for different TTCC isoforms; however, the effect of such interaction on TTCC current/kinetics has not been studied yet.
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18
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Peng JY, Shen KL, Fan XJ, Qi ZX, Huang HW, Jiang JL, Lu JH, Wang XQ, Fang XX, Yuan WR, Deng QX, Chen S, Chen L, Zhuang QX. Receptor and Ionic Mechanism of Histamine on Mouse Dorsolateral Striatal Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2023; 60:183-202. [PMID: 36245064 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-03076-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The dorsolateral striatum (DLS) is the critical neural substrate that plays a role in motor control and motor learning. Our past study revealed a direct histaminergic projection from the tuberomammillary nucleus (TMN) of the hypothalamus to the rat striatum. However, the afferent of histaminergic fibers in the mouse DLS, the effect of histamine on DLS neurons, and the underlying receptor and ionic mechanisms remain unclear. Here, we demonstrated a direct histaminergic innervation from the TMN in the mouse DLS, and histamine excited both the direct-pathway spiny projection neurons (d-SPNs) and the indirect-pathway spiny projection neurons (i-SPNs) of DLS via activation of postsynaptic H1R and H2R, albeit activation of presynaptic H3R suppressed neuronal activity by inhibiting glutamatergic synaptic transmission on d-SPNs and i-SPNs in DLS. Moreover, sodium-calcium exchanger 3 (NCX3), potassium-leak channels linked to H1R, and hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channel 2 (HCN2) coupled to H2R co-mediated the excitatory effect induced by histamine on d-SPNs and i-SPNs in DLS. These results demonstrated the pre- and postsynaptic receptors and their downstream multiple ionic mechanisms underlying the inhibitory and excitatory effects of histamine on d-SPNs and i-SPNs in DLS, suggesting a potential modulatory effect of the central histaminergic system on the DLS as well as its related motor control and motor learning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian-Ya Peng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang-Li Shen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiu-Juan Fan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zeng-Xin Qi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, China.,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200030, China
| | - Hui-Wei Huang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Lan Jiang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jian-Hua Lu
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Qin Wang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiao-Xia Fang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Wang-Rui Yuan
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qiao-Xuan Deng
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shu Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Liang Chen
- Department of Neurosurgery, Huashan Hospital, Shanghai Medical College, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,National Center for Neurological Disorders, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,Shanghai Key Laboratory of Brain Function Restoration and Neural Regeneration, Shanghai, 200030, China. .,State Key Laboratory of Medical Neurobiology and MOE Frontiers Center for Brain Science, School of Basic Medical Sciences and Institutes of Brain Science, Fudan University, Shanghai, 200030, China.
| | - Qian-Xing Zhuang
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, and Co-Innovation Center of Neuroregeneration, Nantong University, 19 Qixiu Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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19
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Soti M, Ranjbar H, Kohlmeier KA, Razavinasab M, Masoumi-Ardakani Y, Shabani M. Probable role of the hyperpolarization-activated current in the dual effects of CB1R antagonism on behaviors in a Parkinsonism mouse model. Brain Res Bull 2022; 191:78-92. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2022.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2022] [Revised: 10/19/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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20
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Assi AA, Abdelnabi S, Attaai A, Abd-Ellatief RB. Effect of ivabradine on cognitive functions of rats with scopolamine-induced dementia. Sci Rep 2022; 12:16970. [PMID: 36216854 PMCID: PMC9551060 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-20963-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease is among the challenging diseases to social and healthcare systems because no treatment has been achieved yet. Although the ambiguous pathological mechanism underlying this disorder, ion channel dysfunction is one of the recently accepted possible mechanism. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels play important roles in cellular excitability and synaptic transmission. Ivabradine (Iva), an HCN blocker, is acting on HCN channels, and is clinically used for angina and arrhythmia. The current study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of Iva against scopolamine (Sco) induced dementia. To test our hypothesis, Sco and Iva injected rats were tested for behavioural changes, followed by ELISA and histopathological analysis of the hippocampus. Induced dementia was confirmed by behavioural tests, inflammatory cytokines and oxidative stress tests and histopathological signs of neurodegeneration, multifocal deposition of congo red stained amyloid beta plaques and the decreased optical density of HCN1 immunoreactivity. Iva ameliorated the scopolamine-induced dysfunction, the hippocampus restored its normal healthy neurons, the amyloid plaques disappeared and the optical density of HCN1 immunoreactivity increased in hippocampal cells. The results suggested that blockage of HCN1 channels might underly the Iva therapeutic effect. Therefore, Iva might have beneficial effects on neurological disorders linked to HCN channelopathies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abdel-Azim Assi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Sara Abdelnabi
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | - Abdelraheim Attaai
- Department of Anatomy and Embryology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
| | - Rasha B Abd-Ellatief
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
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21
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Saeliw T, Permpoon T, Iadsee N, Tencomnao T, Hu VW, Sarachana T, Green D, Sae-Lee C. LINE-1 and Alu methylation signatures in autism spectrum disorder and their associations with the expression of autism-related genes. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13970. [PMID: 35978033 PMCID: PMC9385849 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-18232-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Long interspersed nucleotide element-1 (LINE-1) and Alu elements are retrotransposons whose abilities cause abnormal gene expression and genomic instability. Several studies have focused on DNA methylation profiling of gene regions, but the locus-specific methylation of LINE-1 and Alu elements has not been identified in autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Here we interrogated locus- and family-specific methylation profiles of LINE-1 and Alu elements in ASD whole blood using publicly-available Illumina Infinium 450 K methylation datasets from heterogeneous ASD and ASD variants (Chromodomain Helicase DNA-binding 8 (CHD8) and 16p11.2del). Total DNA methylation of repetitive elements were notably hypomethylated exclusively in ASD with CHD8 variants. Methylation alteration in a family-specific manner including L1P, L1H, HAL, AluJ, and AluS families were observed in the heterogeneous ASD and ASD with CHD8 variants. Moreover, LINE-1 and Alu methylation within target genes is inversely related to the expression level in each ASD variant. The DNA methylation signatures of the LINE-1 and Alu elements in ASD whole blood, as well as their associations with the expression of ASD-related genes, have been identified. If confirmed in future larger studies, these findings may contribute to the identification of epigenomic biomarkers of ASD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thanit Saeliw
- The Ph.D. Program in Clinical Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tiravut Permpoon
- Research Division, SiMR, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Nutta Iadsee
- Research Division, SiMR, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Tewin Tencomnao
- Natural Products for Neuroprotection and Anti-Ageing Research Unit, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Valerie W Hu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Medicine, School of Medicine and Health Sciences, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
| | - Tewarit Sarachana
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.,SYstems Neuroscience of Autism and PSychiatric Disorders (SYNAPS) Research Unit, Department of Clinical Chemistry, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Daniel Green
- Institute of Life Course and Medical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
| | - Chanachai Sae-Lee
- Research Division, SiMR, Faculty of Medicine Siriraj Hospital, Mahidol University, Bangkok, Thailand.
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22
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Characterization of Inhibitory Capability on Hyperpolarization-Activated Cation Current Caused by Lutein (β,ε-Carotene-3,3′-Diol), a Dietary Xanthophyll Carotenoid. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23137186. [PMID: 35806190 PMCID: PMC9266545 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23137186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2022] [Revised: 06/24/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Lutein (β,ε-carotene-3,3′-diol), a xanthophyll carotenoid, is found in high concentrations in the macula of the human retina. It has been recognized to exert potential effectiveness in antioxidative and anti-inflammatory properties. However, whether and how its modifications on varying types of plasmalemmal ionic currents occur in electrically excitable cells remain incompletely answered. The current hypothesis is that lutein produces any direct adjustments on ionic currents (e.g., hyperpolarization-activated cation current, Ih [or funny current, If]). In the present study, GH3-cell exposure to lutein resulted in a time-, state- and concentration-dependent reduction in Ih amplitude with an IC50 value of 4.1 μM. There was a hyperpolarizing shift along the voltage axis in the steady-state activation curve of Ih in the presence of this compound, despite being void of changes in the gating charge of the curve. Under continued exposure to lutein (3 μM), further addition of oxaliplatin (10 μM) or ivabradine (3 μM) could be effective at either reversing or further decreasing lutein-induced suppression of hyperpolarization-evoked Ih, respectively. The voltage-dependent anti-clockwise hysteresis of Ih responding to long-lasting inverted isosceles-triangular ramp concentration-dependently became diminished by adding this compound. However, the addition of 10 μM lutein caused a mild but significant suppression in the amplitude of erg-mediated or A-type K+ currents. Under current-clamp potential recordings, the sag potential evoked by long-lasting hyperpolarizing current stimulus was reduced under cell exposure to lutein. Altogether, findings from the current observations enabled us to reflect that during cell exposure to lutein used at pharmacologically achievable concentrations, lutein-perturbed inhibition of Ih would be an ionic mechanism underlying its changes in membrane excitability.
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23
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Investigation of differentially expressed genes and dysregulated pathways involved in multiple sclerosis. ADVANCES IN PROTEIN CHEMISTRY AND STRUCTURAL BIOLOGY 2022; 131:235-259. [PMID: 35871892 DOI: 10.1016/bs.apcsb.2022.05.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a neurodegenerative autoimmune and organ-specific demyelinating disorder, known to affect the central nervous system (CNS). While genetic studies have revealed several critical genes and diagnostic biomarkers associated with MS, the etiology of the disease remains poorly understood. This study is aimed at screening and identifying the key genes and canonical pathways associated with MS. Gene expression profiling of the microarray dataset GSE38010 was used to analyze two control brain samples (control 1; GSM931812, control 2; GSM931813), active inflammation stage samples (CAP1; GSM931815, CAP2; GSM931816) and late subsided stage samples (CP1; GSM931817, CP2; GSM931818) collected from patients ranging between 23 and 54years and both genders. This analysis yielded a list of 58,866 DEGs (29,433 for active-inflammation stage and 29,433 for late-subsided Stage). The interactions between the DEGs were then studied using STRING, Cytoscape software, and MCODE was employed to find the genes that form clusters. Functional enrichment and integrative analysis were performed using ClueGO/CluePedia and MetaCore™. Our data revealed dysregulated key canonical pathways in MS patients. In addition, we identified three hub genes (SCN2A, HTR2A, and HCN1) that may serve as potential biomarkers for the prognosis of MS. Furthermore, the expression patterns of HPCA and PLCB1 provide insights into the progressive stages of MS, indicating that these genes could be used in predicting MS progression. We were able to map potential biomarkers that could be used for the prognosis and diagnosis of MS.
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Salinas-Luypaert C, Sáez-Cortez F, Quintanilla ME, Herrera-Marschitz M, Rivera-Meza M. Gene knockdown of HCN2 ion channels in the ventral tegmental area reduces ethanol consumption in alcohol preferring rats. THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF DRUG AND ALCOHOL ABUSE 2022; 48:165-175. [PMID: 35377277 DOI: 10.1080/00952990.2022.2033759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/15/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Background: Hyperpolarization-Activated Cyclic Nucleotide-Gated (HCN) ionic channels are known to play a key role in the control of neuron excitability and have been proposed as a molecular target of ethanol. Previous studies in rats have shown that gene-induced overexpression of the HCN2 channel in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) increases the rewarding effects of ethanol and its intake by the animals.Objective: The aim of this work was to study the effects of VTA HCN2 gene knockdown in the voluntary ethanol consumption of alcohol-preferring UChB rats.Methods: Two lentiviral vectors were generated; LV-siRNA-HCN2, coding for a siRNA that elicited >95% reduction of HCN2 protein levels in vitro, and a control vector coding for a scrambled siRNA sequence. Female UChB naïve rats (n = 14) were microinjected into the VTA with LV-siRNA-HCN2 or the scrambled control vector (n = 11). Four days after, animals were given a daily free access to 10% ethanol and water for 10 days.Results: Rats treated with the LV-siRNA-HCN2 vector showed a ~ 70% reduction (p < .001) in their ethanol preference and ethanol intake compared to control animals. No changes were observed in the total fluid intake of both groups. HCN2 levels in the VTA were measured by Western blot showing a reduction of 40% (p < .05) in the rats injected with LV-siRNA-HCN2, compared to control animals.Conclusion: These results show that knockdown of HCN2 ionic channels in the VTA of UChB rats markedly reduces their voluntary ethanol intake, supporting the idea that HCN2 channels may constitute a therapeutic target for alcohol use disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Catalina Salinas-Luypaert
- Department of Pharmacological and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Santiago, Chile
| | - Felipe Sáez-Cortez
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - María Elena Quintanilla
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Herrera-Marschitz
- Program of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, ICBM, Faculty of Medicine, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Mario Rivera-Meza
- Department of Pharmacological and Toxicological Chemistry, Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences Santiago, Chile
- Research Center for the Development of Novel Therapeutic Alternatives for Alcohol Use Disorders, Santiago, Chile
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25
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Jeremic D, Jiménez-Díaz L, Navarro-López JD. Past, present and future of therapeutic strategies against amyloid-β peptides in Alzheimer's disease: a systematic review. Ageing Res Rev 2021; 72:101496. [PMID: 34687956 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2021.101496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 38.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2021] [Revised: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 10/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most prevalent neurodegenerative disease in ageing, affecting around 46 million people worldwide but few treatments are currently available. The etiology of AD is still puzzling, and new drugs development and clinical trials have high failure rates. Urgent outline of an integral (multi-target) and effective treatment of AD is needed. Accumulation of amyloid-β (Aβ) peptides is considered one of the fundamental neuropathological pillars of the disease, and its dyshomeostasis has shown a crucial role in AD onset. Therefore, many amyloid-targeted therapies have been investigated. Here, we will systematically review recent (from 2014) investigational, follow-up and review studies focused on anti-amyloid strategies to summarize and analyze their current clinical potential. Combination of anti-Aβ therapies with new developing early detection biomarkers and other therapeutic agents acting on early functional AD changes will be highlighted in this review. Near-term approval seems likely for several drugs acting against Aβ, with recent FDA approval of a monoclonal anti-Aβ oligomers antibody -aducanumab- raising hopes and controversies. We conclude that, development of oligomer-epitope specific Aβ treatment and implementation of multiple improved biomarkers and risk prediction methods allowing early detection, together with therapies acting on other factors such as hyperexcitability in early AD, could be the key to slowing this global pandemic.
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Daniel NH, Aravind A, Thakur P. Are ion channels potential therapeutic targets for Parkinson's disease? Neurotoxicology 2021; 87:243-257. [PMID: 34699791 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuro.2021.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is primarily associated with the progressive neurodegeneration of the dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra region of the brain. The resulting motor symptoms are managed with the help of dopamine replacement therapies. However, these therapeutics do not prevent the neurodegeneration underlying the disease and therefore lose their effectiveness in managing disease symptoms over time. Thus, there is an urgent need to develop newer therapeutics for the benefit of patients. The release of dopamine and the firing activity of substantia nigra neurons is regulated by several ion channels that act in concert. Dysregulations of these channels cause the aberrant movement of various ions in the intracellular milieu. This eventually leads to disruption of intracellular signalling cascades, alterations in cellular homeostasis, and bioenergetic deficits. Therefore, ion channels play a central role in driving the high vulnerability of dopaminergic neurons to degenerate during PD. Targeting ion channels offers an attractive mechanistic strategy to combat the process of neurodegeneration. In this review, we highlight the evidence pointing to the role of various ion channels in driving the PD processes. In addition, we also discuss the various drugs or compounds that target the ion channels and have shown neuroprotective potential in the in-vitro and in-vivo models of PD. We also discuss the current clinical status of various drugs targeting the ion channels in the context of PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Neha Hanna Daniel
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Ananya Aravind
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India
| | - Poonam Thakur
- School of Biology, Indian Institute of Science Education and Research (IISER)-Thiruvananthapuram, Kerala, 695551, India.
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Rodríguez-Ortiz R, Matínez-Torres A. Mutants of the Zebrafish K + Channel Hcn2b Exhibit Epileptic-like Behaviors. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222111471. [PMID: 34768904 PMCID: PMC8584164 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222111471] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Revised: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder that affects 50 million people worldwide. The most common form of epilepsy is idiopathic, where most of the genetic defects of this type of epilepsy occur in ion channels. Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated (HCN) channels are activated by membrane hyperpolarization, and are mainly expressed in the heart and central and peripheral nervous systems. In humans, four HCN genes have been described, and emergent clinical data shows that dysfunctional HCN channels are involved in epilepsy. Danio rerio has become a versatile organism to model a wide variety of diseases. In this work, we used CRISPR/Cas9 to generate hcn2b mutants in zebrafish, and characterized them molecularly and behaviorally. We obtained an hcn2b mutant allele with an 89 bp deletion that produced a premature stop codon. The mutant exhibited a high mortality rate in its life span, probably due to its sudden death. We did not detect heart malformations or important heart rate alterations. Absence seizures and moderate seizures were observed in response to light. These seizures rarely caused instant death. The results show that mutations in the Hcn2b channel are involved in epilepsy and provide evidence of the advantages of zebrafish to further our understanding of the pathogenesis of epilepsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Rodríguez-Ortiz
- Cátedras CONACyT—Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.R.-O.); (A.M.-T.); Tel.: +52-442-238-1064 (R.R.-O. & A.M.-T.)
| | - Ataúlfo Matínez-Torres
- Departamento de Neurobiología Celular y Molecular, Instituto de Neurobiología, Campus UNAM-Juriquilla, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Querétaro CP 76230, Mexico
- Correspondence: (R.R.-O.); (A.M.-T.); Tel.: +52-442-238-1064 (R.R.-O. & A.M.-T.)
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Borgese N, Iacomino N, Colombo SF, Navone F. The Link between VAPB Loss of Function and Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Cells 2021; 10:1865. [PMID: 34440634 PMCID: PMC8392409 DOI: 10.3390/cells10081865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The VAP proteins are integral adaptor proteins of the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) membrane that recruit a myriad of interacting partners to the ER surface. Through these interactions, the VAPs mediate a large number of processes, notably the generation of membrane contact sites between the ER and essentially all other cellular membranes. In 2004, it was discovered that a mutation (p.P56S) in the VAPB paralogue causes a rare form of dominantly inherited familial amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS8). The mutant protein is aggregation-prone, non-functional and unstable, and its expression from a single allele appears to be insufficient to support toxic gain-of-function effects within motor neurons. Instead, loss-of-function of the single wild-type allele is required for pathological effects, and VAPB haploinsufficiency may be the main driver of the disease. In this article, we review the studies on the effects of VAPB deficit in cellular and animal models. Several basic cell physiological processes are affected by downregulation or complete depletion of VAPB, impinging on phosphoinositide homeostasis, Ca2+ signalling, ion transport, neurite extension, and ER stress. In the future, the distinction between the roles of the two VAP paralogues (A and B), as well as studies on motor neurons generated from induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSC) of ALS8 patients will further elucidate the pathogenic basis of p.P56S familial ALS, as well as of other more common forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nica Borgese
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Via Follereau 3, Bldg U28, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (N.I.); (S.F.C.)
| | | | | | - Francesca Navone
- CNR Institute of Neuroscience, Via Follereau 3, Bldg U28, 20854 Vedano al Lambro, Italy; (N.I.); (S.F.C.)
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29
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Combe CL, Gasparini S. I h from synapses to networks: HCN channel functions and modulation in neurons. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 166:119-132. [PMID: 34181891 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2021.06.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
Hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide gated (HCN) channels and the current they carry, Ih, are widely and diversely distributed in the central nervous system (CNS). The distribution of the four subunits of HCN channels is variable within the CNS, within brain regions, and often within subcellular compartments. The precise function of Ih can depend heavily on what other channels are co-expressed. In this review, we give an overview of HCN channel structure, distribution, and modulation by cyclic adenosine monophosphate (cAMP). We then discuss HCN channel and Ih functions, where we have parsed the roles into two main effects: a steady effect on maintaining the resting membrane potential at relatively depolarized values, and slow channel dynamics. Within this framework, we discuss Ih involvement in resonance, synaptic integration, transmitter release, plasticity, and point out a special case, where the effects of Ih on the membrane potential and its slow channel dynamics have dual roles in thalamic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Crescent L Combe
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA
| | - Sonia Gasparini
- Neuroscience Center of Excellence, Louisiana State University Health Sciences Center, New Orleans, LA, 70112, USA.
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30
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Zhang X, Zhao Y, Du Y, Sun H, Zhang W, Wang A, Li Q, Li C, Wang Y, Du Z, Sun H, Sun L. Effect of ketamine on mood dysfunction and spatial cognition deficits in PTSD mouse models via HCN1-BDNF signaling. J Affect Disord 2021; 286:248-258. [PMID: 33752039 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2021.02.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2020] [Revised: 01/15/2021] [Accepted: 02/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental disease with high morbidity and major social and economic relevance. No efficient treatment for PTSD has thus far been identified. Clinical research has shown that ketamine can rapidly alleviate symptoms in patients with chronic PTSD; however, its pharmacological mechanism has yet to be determined. METHODS This study aimed to identify a model of single prolonged stress (SPS), which induced PTSD-like features in adult mice. Once the model was established, stress-related behavioral changes in the mouse model were evaluated after intraperitoneal injection of ketamine (10 mg/kg). Alterations in certain proteins (HCN1, BDNF, and PSD95) and synaptic ultrastructure in the prefrontal cortex (PFC) and hippocampus (HIP) were measured. RESULTS The mice under the SPS model exhibited anxiety- and depression-like behaviors and induced spatial cognitive deficits, accompanied by elevated HCN1 protein expression in the PFC and HIP, reduced brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and PSD95 proteins, and alterations in synaptic morphology. After ketamine administration, the SPS-treated mice restored their protein levels and synaptic ultrastructure in the PFC, and their PTSD-like behaviors improved. However, learning and memory in the SPS-treated mice did not improve in the water maze test, and no significant changes in protein level and synaptic ultrastructure in the HIP were shown. LIMITATIONS The electrophysiological mechanism of the HCN1 ion channel after ketamine administration was not explored. CONCLUSION Ketamine could generally improve SPS-induced mood dysfunction in mice but exerted no effect on the spatial cognitive function, which could be related to the alterations in synaptic morphology and function mediated by HCN1-related BDNF signaling in the PFC and HIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xianqiang Zhang
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China; National Clinical Research Center for Mental Disorders, Peking University Sixth Hospital/Institute of Mental Health and the Key Laboratory of Mental Health, Ministry of Health (Peking University), Beijing, China
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Student affairs office, Silicon Lake College, 168 Greenland Avenue, Huaqiao International Business Zone, Kunshan, Jiangsu 215332, China
| | - Yalin Du
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Haoran Sun
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Wenlei Zhang
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Aihong Wang
- Department of Hematology, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, Shandong Province 261031, P. R. China
| | - Qi Li
- Department of Psychiatry and Centre for Reproduction Growth and Development, University of Hong Kong, China
| | - Changjiang Li
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Yanyu Wang
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Zhongde Du
- Department of Neurology, Sunshine Union Hospital, 9000# Yingqian Street, Weifang, Shandong 261000, China
| | - Hongwei Sun
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China
| | - Lin Sun
- School of Psychology, Weifang Medical University, 7166# Baotong West Street, Weifang, Shandong 261053, China.
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31
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Borgini M, Mondal P, Liu R, Wipf P. Chemical modulation of Kv7 potassium channels. RSC Med Chem 2021; 12:483-537. [PMID: 34046626 PMCID: PMC8128042 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00328j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
The rising interest in Kv7 modulators originates from their ability to evoke fundamental electrophysiological perturbations in a tissue-specific manner. A large number of therapeutic applications are, in part, based on the clinical experience with two broad-spectrum Kv7 agonists, flupirtine and retigabine. Since precise molecular structures of human Kv7 channel subtypes in closed and open states have only very recently started to emerge, computational studies have traditionally been used to analyze binding modes and direct the development of more potent and selective Kv7 modulators with improved safety profiles. Herein, the synthetic and medicinal chemistry of small molecule modulators and the representative biological properties are summarized. Furthermore, new therapeutic applications supported by in vitro and in vivo assay data are suggested.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matteo Borgini
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Pravat Mondal
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Ruiting Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
| | - Peter Wipf
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh PA 15260 USA
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32
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Borgese N, Navone F, Nukina N, Yamanaka T. Mutant VAPB: Culprit or Innocent Bystander of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis? CONTACT (THOUSAND OAKS (VENTURA COUNTY, CALIF.)) 2021; 4:25152564211022515. [PMID: 37366377 PMCID: PMC10243577 DOI: 10.1177/25152564211022515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Nearly twenty years ago a mutation in the VAPB gene, resulting in a proline to serine substitution (p.P56S), was identified as the cause of a rare, slowly progressing, familial form of the motor neuron degenerative disease Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS). Since then, progress in unravelling the mechanistic basis of this mutation has proceeded in parallel with research on the VAP proteins and on their role in establishing membrane contact sites between the ER and other organelles. Analysis of the literature on cellular and animal models reviewed here supports the conclusion that P56S-VAPB, which is aggregation-prone, non-functional and unstable, is expressed at levels that are insufficient to support toxic gain-of-function or dominant negative effects within motor neurons. Instead, insufficient levels of the product of the single wild-type allele appear to be required for pathological effects, and may be the main driver of the disease. In light of the multiple interactions of the VAP proteins, we address the consequences of specific VAPB depletion and highlight various affected processes that could contribute to motor neuron degeneration. In the future, distinction of specific roles of each of the two VAP paralogues should help to further elucidate the basis of p.P56S familial ALS, as well as of other more common forms of the disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nica Borgese
- CNR Institute of
Neuroscience, Vedano al Lambro (MB), Italy
| | | | - Nobuyuki Nukina
- Laboratory of Structural
Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science,
Kyoto, Japan
| | - Tomoyuki Yamanaka
- Laboratory of Structural
Neuropathology, Doshisha University Graduate School of Brain Science,
Kyoto, Japan
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33
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Zamanian M, Bazmandegan G, Sureda A, Sobarzo-Sanchez E, Yousefi-Manesh H, Shirooie S. The Protective Roles and Molecular Mechanisms of Troxerutin (Vitamin P4) for the Treatment of Chronic Diseases: A Mechanistic Review. Curr Neuropharmacol 2020; 19:97-110. [PMID: 32386493 PMCID: PMC7903491 DOI: 10.2174/1570159x18666200510020744] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 03/21/2020] [Accepted: 05/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Troxerutin (TRX), a semi-synthetic bioflavonoid derived from rutin, has been reported to exert several pharmacological effects including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antihyperlipidemic, and nephroprotective. However, the related molecular details and its mechanisms remain poorly understood. In the present review, we presented evidences from the diversity in vitro and in vivo studies on the therapeutic potential of TRX against neurodegenerative, diabetes, cancer and cardiovascular diseases with the purpose to find molecular pathways related to the treatment efficacy. TRX has a beneficial role in many diseases through multiple mechanisms including, increasing antioxidant enzymes and reducing oxidative damage, decreasing in proapoptotic proteins (APAF-1, BAX, caspases-9 and-3) and increasing the antiapoptotic BCL-2, increasing the nuclear translocation of nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and downregulating the nuclear factor κB (NFκ). TRX also reduces acetylcholinesterase activity and upregulates phosphoinositide 3- kinase/Akt signaling pathway in Alzheimer's disease models. Natural products such as TRX may develop numerous and intracellular pathways at several steps in the treatment of many diseases. Molecular mechanisms of action are revealing novel, possible combinational beneficial approaches to treat multiple pathological conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gholamreza Bazmandegan
- Clinical Research Development Unit, Ali-Ibn Abi-Talib Hospital, Rafsanjan University of Medical Sciences, Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Antoni Sureda
- Research Group on Community Nutrition and Oxidative Stress (NUCOX), Health Research Institute of the Balearic Islands (IdISBa) and CIBEROBN (Physiopathology of Obesity and Nutrition CB12/03/30038), University of Balearic Islands, Palma de Mallorca E-07122, Balearic Islands, Spain
| | - Eduardo Sobarzo-Sanchez
- Instituto de Investigación e Innovación en Salud, Facultyad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Central de Chile, Chile
| | - Hasan Yousefi-Manesh
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, 13145-784, Tehran, Iran
| | - Samira Shirooie
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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34
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Zhao Y, Chen H, Iqbal J, Liu X, Zhang H, Xiao S, Jin N, Yao F, Shen L. Targeted metabolomics study of early pathological features in hippocampus of triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:927-946. [PMID: 33197957 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24750] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 10/16/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a serious neurodegenerative disease in people of age 65 or above. The detailed etiology and pathogenesis of AD have not been elucidated yet. In this study, the hippocampi of 2- and 6-month-old triple transgenic Alzheimer's disease male mice and age-sex-matched wild-type (WT) mice were analyzed by using targeted metabolomics approach. Compared with WT mice, 24 and 60 metabolites were found with significant differences in 2- and 6-month-old AD mice. Among these, 14 metabolites were found common while 10 metabolites showed consistent variable trends in both groups. These differential metabolites are found associated with amino acid, lipid, vitamin, nucleotide-related base, neurotransmitter and energy metabolisms, and oxidative stress. The results suggest that these differential metabolites might play a critical role in AD pathophysiology, and may serve as potential biomarkers for AD. Moreover, the results highlight the involvement of abnormal purine, pyrimidine, arginine, and proline metabolism, along with glycerophospholipid metabolism in early pathology of AD. For the first time, several differential metabolites are found to be associated with AD in this study. Targeted metabolomics can be used for rapid and accurate quantitative analysis of specific target metabolites associated with AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxi Zhao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Haiquan Chen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Javed Iqbal
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Xukun Liu
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Huajie Zhang
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Bay Laboratory, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Shifeng Xiao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Na Jin
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Fang Yao
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China.,Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Biotechnology and Ecology, Shenzhen, P.R. China
| | - Liming Shen
- College of Life Science and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, P.R. China
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35
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Sharma VK, Singh TG, Singh S. Cyclic Nucleotides Signaling and Phosphodiesterase Inhibition: Defying Alzheimer's Disease. Curr Drug Targets 2020; 21:1371-1384. [PMID: 32718286 DOI: 10.2174/1389450121666200727104728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Defects in brain functions associated with aging and neurodegenerative diseases benefit insignificantly from existing options, suggesting that there is a lack of understanding of pathological mechanisms. Alzheimer's disease (AD) is such a nearly untreatable, allied to age neurological deterioration for which only the symptomatic cure is available and the agents able to mould progression of the disease, is still far away. The altered expression of phosphodiesterases (PDE) and deregulated cyclic nucleotide signaling in AD has provoked a new thought of targeting cyclic nucleotide signaling in AD. Targeting cyclic nucleotides as an intracellular messenger seems to be a viable approach for certain biological processes in the brain and controlling substantial. Whereas, the synthesis, execution, and/or degradation of cyclic nucleotides has been closely linked to cognitive deficits. In relation to cognition, the cyclic nucleotides (cAMP and cGMP) have an imperative execution in different phases of memory, including gene transcription, neurogenesis, neuronal circuitry, synaptic plasticity and neuronal survival, etc. AD is witnessed by impairments of these basic processes underlying cognition, suggesting a crucial role of cAMP/cGMP signaling in AD populations. Phosphodiesterase inhibitors are the exclusive set of enzymes to facilitate hydrolysis and degradation of cAMP and cGMP thereby, maintains their optimum levels initiating it as an interesting target to explore. The present work reviews a neuroprotective and substantial influence of PDE inhibition on physiological status, pathological progression and neurobiological markers of AD in consonance with the intensities of cAMP and cGMP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vivek K Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India,Govt. College of Pharmacy, Rohru, District Shimla, Himachal Pradesh-171207, India
| | - Thakur G Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Shareen Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
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36
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Zhou J, Brown AM, Lackey EP, Arancillo M, Lin T, Sillitoe RV. Purkinje cell neurotransmission patterns cerebellar basket cells into zonal modules defined by distinct pinceau sizes. eLife 2020; 9:55569. [PMID: 32990595 PMCID: PMC7561353 DOI: 10.7554/elife.55569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Ramón y Cajal proclaimed the neuron doctrine based on circuit features he exemplified using cerebellar basket cell projections. Basket cells form dense inhibitory plexuses that wrap Purkinje cell somata and terminate as pinceaux at the initial segment of axons. Here, we demonstrate that HCN1, Kv1.1, PSD95 and GAD67 unexpectedly mark patterns of basket cell pinceaux that map onto Purkinje cell functional zones. Using cell-specific genetic tracing with an Ascl1CreERT2 mouse conditional allele, we reveal that basket cell zones comprise different sizes of pinceaux. We tested whether Purkinje cells instruct the assembly of inhibitory projections into zones, as they do for excitatory afferents. Genetically silencing Purkinje cell neurotransmission blocks the formation of sharp Purkinje cell zones and disrupts excitatory axon patterning. The distribution of pinceaux into size-specific zones is eliminated without Purkinje cell GABAergic output. Our data uncover the cellular and molecular diversity of a foundational synapse that revolutionized neuroscience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Zhou
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - Amanda M Brown
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - Elizabeth P Lackey
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - Marife Arancillo
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - Tao Lin
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States
| | - Roy V Sillitoe
- Department of Pathology and Immunology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States.,Jan and Dan Duncan Neurological Research Institute of Texas Children's Hospital, Houston, United States.,Program in Developmental Biology, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, United States
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37
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Ádám Á, Kemecsei R, Company V, Murcia-Ramón R, Juarez I, Gerecsei LI, Zachar G, Echevarría D, Puelles E, Martínez S, Csillag A. Gestational Exposure to Sodium Valproate Disrupts Fasciculation of the Mesotelencephalic Dopaminergic Tract, With a Selective Reduction of Dopaminergic Output From the Ventral Tegmental Area. Front Neuroanat 2020; 14:29. [PMID: 32581730 PMCID: PMC7290005 DOI: 10.3389/fnana.2020.00029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Gestational exposure to valproic acid (VPA) is known to cause behavioral deficits of sociability, matching similar alterations in human autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Available data are scarce on the neuromorphological changes in VPA-exposed animals. Here, we focused on alterations of the dopaminergic system, which is implicated in motivation and reward, with relevance to social cohesion. Whole brains from 7-day-old mice born to mothers given a single injection of VPA (400 mg/kg b.wt.) on E13.5 were immunostained against tyrosine hydroxylase (TH). They were scanned using the iDISCO method with a laser light-sheet microscope, and the reconstructed images were analyzed in 3D for quantitative morphometry. A marked reduction of mesotelencephalic (MT) axonal fascicles together with a widening of the MT tract were observed in VPA treated mice, while other major brain tracts appeared anatomically intact. We also found a reduction in the abundance of dopaminergic ventral tegmental (VTA) neurons, accompanied by diminished tissue level of DA in ventrobasal telencephalic regions (including the nucleus accumbens (NAc), olfactory tubercle, BST, substantia innominata). Such a reduction of DA was not observed in the non-limbic caudate-putamen. Conversely, the abundance of TH+ cells in the substantia nigra (SN) was increased, presumably due to a compensatory mechanism or to an altered distribution of TH+ neurons occupying the SN and the VTA. The findings suggest that defasciculation of the MT tract and neuronal loss in VTA, followed by diminished dopaminergic input to the ventrobasal telencephalon at a critical time point of embryonic development (E13-E14) may hinder the patterning of certain brain centers underlying decision making and sociability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ágota Ádám
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Róbert Kemecsei
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Verónica Company
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Raquel Murcia-Ramón
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Iris Juarez
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - László I Gerecsei
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gergely Zachar
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Diego Echevarría
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Eduardo Puelles
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - Salvador Martínez
- Institute of Neuroscience (UMH-CSIC), University of Miguel Hernández, Alicante, Spain
| | - András Csillag
- Department of Anatomy, Histology, and Embryology, Faculty of Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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38
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Biophysical Basis of Alpha Rhythm Disruption in Alzheimer's Disease. eNeuro 2020; 7:ENEURO.0293-19.2020. [PMID: 32165411 PMCID: PMC7218006 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0293-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2019] [Revised: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 02/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Occipital alpha is a prominent rhythm (∼10 Hz) detected in electroencephalography (EEG) during wakeful relaxation with closed eyes. The rhythm is generated by a subclass of thalamic pacemaker cells that burst at the alpha frequency, orchestrated by the interplay of hyperpolarization-activated cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (HCN) and calcium channels in response to elevated levels of ambient acetylcholine (ACh). These oscillations are known to have a lower peak frequency and coherence in the early stages of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Interestingly, calcium signaling, HCN channel expression and ACh signaling, crucial for orchestrating the alpha rhythm, are also known to be aberrational in AD. In a biophysically detailed network model of the thalamic circuit, we investigate the changes in molecular signaling and the causal relationships between them that lead to a disrupted thalamic alpha in AD. Our simulations show that lowered HCN expression leads to a slower thalamic alpha, which can be rescued by increasing ACh levels, a common therapeutic target of AD drugs. However, this rescue is possible only over a limited range of reduced HCN expression. The model predicts that lowered HCN expression can modify the network activity in the thalamic circuit leading to increased GABA release in the thalamus and disrupt the calcium homeostasis. The changes in calcium signaling make the network more susceptible to noise, causing a loss in rhythmic activity. Based on our results, we propose that reduced frequency and coherence of the occipital alpha rhythm seen in AD may result from downregulated HCN expression, rather than modified cholinergic signaling.
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