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Chen J, Wei X, Wu X, Zhang Q, Xia G, Xia H, Shang H, Lin S. Disorder of neuroplasticity aggravates cognitive impairment via neuroinflammation associated with intestinal flora dysbiosis in chronic heart failure. Aging (Albany NY) 2024; 16:205960. [PMID: 38968172 DOI: 10.18632/aging.205960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic heart failure (CHF) impairs cognitive function, yet its effects on brain structure and underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study aims to explore the mechanisms behind cognitive impairment. METHODS CHF models in rats were induced by ligation of the left anterior descending coronary artery. Cardiac function was analyzed by cardiac ultrasound and hemodynamics. ELISA, immunofluorescence, Western blot, Golgi staining and transmission electron microscopy were performed on hippocampal tissues. The alterations of intestinal flora under the morbid state were investigated via 16S rRNA sequencing. The connection between neuroinflammation and synapses is confirmed by a co-culture system of BV2 microglia and HT22 cells in vitro. Results: CHF rats exhibited deteriorated cognitive behaviors. CHF induced neuronal structural disruption, loss of Nissl bodies, and synaptic damage, exhibiting alterations in multiple parameters. CHF rats showed increased hippocampal levels of inflammatory cytokines and activated microglia and astrocytes. Furthermore, the study highlights dysregulated PDE4-dependent cAMP signaling and intestinal flora dysbiosis, closely associated with neuroinflammation, and altered synaptic proteins. In vitro, microglial neuroinflammation impaired synaptic plasticity via PDE4-dependent cAMP signaling. CONCLUSIONS Neuroinflammation worsens CHF-related cognitive impairment through neuroplasticity disorder, tied to intestinal flora dysbiosis. PDE4 emerges as a potential therapeutic target. These findings provide insightful perspectives on the heart-gut-brain axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Chen
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xiaohong Wei
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Xuefen Wu
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Qian Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Guiyang Xia
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Huan Xia
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Hongcai Shang
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Sheng Lin
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Internal Medicine of Ministry of Education and Beijing, Dongzhimen Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100700, China
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You S, Ma Z, Zhang P, Xu W, Zhan C, Sang N, Xu J, Wang F, Zhang J. Neuroprotective effects of the salidroside derivative SHPL-49 via the BDNF/TrkB/Gap43 pathway in rats with cerebral ischemia. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 174:116460. [PMID: 38520864 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.116460] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2023] [Revised: 03/04/2024] [Accepted: 03/15/2024] [Indexed: 03/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Ischemic stroke is a common intravascular disease and one of the leading causes of death and disability. The salidroside derivative SHPL-49, which we previously synthesized, significantly attenuates cerebral ischemic injury in a rat model of permanent middle cerebral artery occlusion. To explore the neuroprotective mechanism of SHPL-49, the effects of SHPL-49 on the expression levels of neurotrophic factors in neurons and microglia and the polarization of microglia were investigated in the present study. SHPL-49 activated the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) pathway, decreased the number of degenerated neurons, and accelerated neurogenesis in rats with cerebral ischemia. In addition, SHPL-49 promoted the polarization of microglia toward the M2 phenotype to alleviate neuroinflammation. In BV2 cells, SHPL-49 upregulated CD206 mRNA and protein levels and inhibited CD86 mRNA and protein levels. SHPL-49 also increased neurotrophic factor secretion in BV2 cells, which indirectly promoted the survival of primary neurons after oxygen-glucose deprivation (OGD). Proteomics analysis revealed that SHPL-49 promoted growth-associated protein 43 (Gap43) expression. SHPL-49 enhanced synaptic plasticity and increased Gap43 protein levels via activation of the BDNF pathway in the OGD primary neuron model. These results indicate that SHPL-49 prevents cerebral ischemic injury by activating neurotrophic factor pathways and altering microglial polarization. Thus, SHPL-49 is a potential neuroprotective agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suxin You
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Zhouyun Ma
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Pei Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Wenwen Xu
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Changsen Zhan
- Shanghai Hutchison Pharmaceuticals Co., Ltd, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Nina Sang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiazhen Xu
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Feiyun Wang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Jiange Zhang
- The Research Center of Chiral Drugs, Innovation Research Institute of Traditional, Chinese Medicine (IRI), Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Mansouri Z, Khodagholi F, Zaringhalam J, Abbaszadeh F, Ghasemi R, Maghsoudi N. Intranasal CEPO-FC prevents attention deficits in streptozotocin-induced rat model of Alzheimer's disease: Focus on synaptic plasticity-related factors. EXCLI JOURNAL 2024; 23:491-508. [PMID: 38741725 PMCID: PMC11089095 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-6818] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease remains an issue of great controversy due to its pathology. It is characterized by cognitive impairments and neuropsychiatric symptoms. The FDA approved medications for this disease, can only mitigate the symptoms. One reason for the lack of effective medications is the inaccessibility of the brain which is encompassed by the blood-brain barrier, making intranasal (IN) route of administration potentially advantageous. Male Wistar rats underwent stereotaxic surgery to induce an Alzheimer's disease model via intracerebroventricular (ICV) streptozotocin injection, and Carbamylated Erythropoietin-Fc (CEPO-FC), a derivative of Erythropoietin without its harmful characteristics, was administered intranasally for ten consecutive days. Cognition performance for memory and attention was assessed using the Novel Object Recognition Test and the Object-Based Attention Test respectively. Depression like behavior was evaluated using the Forced Swim Test. Western blotting was done on the extracted hippocampus to quantify STIM proteins. Calbindin, PSD-95, Neuroplastin, Synaptophysin and GAP-43 genes were assessed by Realtime PCR. Behavioral tests demonstrated that IN CEPO-FC could halt cognition deficits and molecular investigations showed that, STIM proteins were decreased in Alzheimer's model, and increased after IN CEPO-FC treatment. Calbindin and PSD-95 were downregulated in our disease model and upregulated when treated with IN CEPO-FC. While Neuroplastin, and GAP-43 expressions remained unchanged. This study suggests that IN CEPO-FC in low doses could be promising for improving cognition and synaptic plasticity deficits in Alzheimer's disease and since IN route of administration is a convenient way, choosing IN CEPO-FC for clinical trial might worth consideration. See also the graphical abstract(Fig. 1).
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Affiliation(s)
- Zahra Mansouri
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fariba Khodagholi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Zaringhalam
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Abbaszadeh
- Neurobiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Rasoul Ghasemi
- Neurophysiology Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Nader Maghsoudi
- Neuroscience Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Numakawa T, Kajihara R. An Interaction between Brain-Derived Neurotrophic Factor and Stress-Related Glucocorticoids in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:1596. [PMID: 38338875 PMCID: PMC10855648 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25031596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Both the brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glucocorticoids (GCs) play multiple roles in various aspects of neurons, including cell survival and synaptic function. BDNF and its receptor TrkB are extensively expressed in neurons of the central nervous system (CNS), and the contribution of the BDNF/TrkB system to neuronal function is evident; thus, its downregulation has been considered to be involved in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD). GCs, stress-related molecules, and glucocorticoid receptors (GRs) are also considered to be associated with AD in addition to mental disorders such as depression. Importantly, a growing body of evidence suggests a close relationship between BDNF/TrkB-mediated signaling and the GCs/GR system in the CNS. Here, we introduce the current studies on the interaction between the neurotrophic system and stress in CNS neurons and discuss their involvement in the pathophysiology of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 860-0811, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto 862-0976, Japan
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Huang H, Zhu Y, Liao L, Gao S, Tao Y, Fang X, Lian Y, Gao C. The long-term effects of intermittent theta burst stimulation on Alzheimer's disease-type pathologies in APP/PS1 mice. Brain Res Bull 2023; 202:110735. [PMID: 37586425 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainresbull.2023.110735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Revised: 07/31/2023] [Accepted: 08/13/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Intermittent theta burst stimulation (iTBS), an emerging and highly efficient paradigm of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS), has been demonstrated to mitigate cognitive impairment in Alzheimer's disease. Previous clinical studies have shown that the cognitive improvement of iTBS could last several weeks after treatment. Nonetheless, it is largely uncertain how the long-term effects of iTBS treatment are sustained. To investigate whether iTBS has a long-term effect on AD-type pathologies, 6-month-old APP/PS1 mice are administrated with 30 consecutive days of iTBS treatment. After a 2-month interval, morphological alterations in the brain are examined by immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining, while levels of associated proteins are assessed by Western blot at the age of 9 months. We find that iTBS treatment significantly diminishes Aβ burden in the cerebral cortex and hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice. Moreover, we observe that iTBS treatment inhibits the expression of BACE1 and elevates the level of IDE, suggesting that the reduction of Aβ load could be attributed to the inhibition of Aβ production and facilitation of Aβ degradation. Furthermore, iTBS treatment attenuates neuroinflammation, neuronal apoptosis, and synaptic loss in APP/PS1 mice. Collectively, these data indicate that 1 month of iTBS treatment ameliorates pathologies in the brain of AD mice for at least 2 months. We provide the novel evidence that iTBS may exert after-effects on AD-type pathologies via inhibition of Aβ production and facilitation of Aβ degradation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Huang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China; Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, General Hospital of Southern Theatre Command of PLA, Guangzhou 510010, China
| | - Yang Zhu
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Lingyi Liao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Shihao Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yong Tao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Xiangqin Fang
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China
| | - Yan Lian
- Department of Preventive Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
| | - Changyue Gao
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Daping Hospital, Third Military Medical University, Chongqing 400042, China.
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Numakawa T, Kajihara R. Involvement of brain-derived neurotrophic factor signaling in the pathogenesis of stress-related brain diseases. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1247422. [PMID: 37781095 PMCID: PMC10537938 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1247422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2023] [Accepted: 08/31/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Neurotrophins including brain-derived neurotrophic factor, BDNF, have critical roles in neuronal differentiation, cell survival, and synaptic function in the peripheral and central nervous system. It is well known that a variety of intracellular signaling stimulated by TrkB, a high-affinity receptor for BDNF, is involved in the physiological and pathological neuronal aspects via affecting cell viability, synaptic function, neurogenesis, and cognitive function. As expected, an alteration of the BDNF/TrkB system is suspected to be one of the molecular mechanisms underlying cognitive decline in cognitive diseases and mental disorders. Recent evidence has also highlighted a possible link between the alteration of TrkB signaling and chronic stress. Furthermore, it has been demonstrated that downregulation of the BDNF/TrkB system and chronic stress have a role in the pathogenesis of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and mental disorders. In this review, we introduce current evidence showing a close relationship between the BDNF/TrkB system and the development of cognition impairment in stress-related disorders, and the possible contribution of the upregulation of the BDNF/TrkB system in a therapeutic approach against these brain diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tadahiro Numakawa
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Ryutaro Kajihara
- Department of Cell Modulation, Institute of Molecular Embryology and Genetics, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Sciences, Faculty of Life Science, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
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Rashidi SK, Kalirad A, Rafie S, Behzad E, Dezfouli MA. The role of microRNAs in neurobiology and pathophysiology of the hippocampus. Front Mol Neurosci 2023; 16:1226413. [PMID: 37727513 PMCID: PMC10506409 DOI: 10.3389/fnmol.2023.1226413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/21/2023] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are short non-coding and well-conserved RNAs that are linked to many aspects of development and disorders. MicroRNAs control the expression of genes related to different biological processes and play a prominent role in the harmonious expression of many genes. During neural development of the central nervous system, miRNAs are regulated in time and space. In the mature brain, the dynamic expression of miRNAs continues, highlighting their functional importance in neurons. The hippocampus, as one of the crucial brain structures, is a key component of major functional connections in brain. Gene expression abnormalities in the hippocampus lead to disturbance in neurogenesis, neural maturation and synaptic formation. These disturbances are at the root of several neurological disorders and behavioral deficits, including Alzheimer's disease, epilepsy and schizophrenia. There is strong evidence that abnormalities in miRNAs are contributed in neurodegenerative mechanisms in the hippocampus through imbalanced activity of ion channels, neuronal excitability, synaptic plasticity and neuronal apoptosis. Some miRNAs affect oxidative stress, inflammation, neural differentiation, migration and neurogenesis in the hippocampus. Furthermore, major signaling cascades in neurodegeneration, such as NF-Kβ signaling, PI3/Akt signaling and Notch pathway, are closely modulated by miRNAs. These observations, suggest that microRNAs are significant regulators in the complicated network of gene regulation in the hippocampus. In the current review, we focus on the miRNA functional role in the progression of normal development and neurogenesis of the hippocampus. We also consider how miRNAs in the hippocampus are crucial for gene expression mechanisms in pathophysiological pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyed Khalil Rashidi
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Medicine, Semnan University of Medical Sciences, Semnan, Iran
| | - Ata Kalirad
- Department of Integrative Evolutionary Biology, Max Planck Institute for Biology Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Shahram Rafie
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Behzad
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
| | - Mitra Ansari Dezfouli
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
- Neuroscience Lab, Golestan Hospital, Ahvaz Jundishapur University of Medical Sciences, Ahvaz, Iran
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