1
|
Peng J, Liang D, Zhang Z. Palmitoylation of synaptic proteins: roles in functional regulation and pathogenesis of neurodegenerative diseases. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2024; 29:108. [PMID: 39127627 DOI: 10.1186/s11658-024-00625-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/30/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Palmitoylation is a type of lipid modification that plays an important role in various aspects of neuronal function. Over the past few decades, several studies have shown that the palmitoylation of synaptic proteins is involved in neurotransmission and synaptic functions. Palmitoyl acyltransferases (PATs), which belong to the DHHC family, are major players in the regulation of palmitoylation. Dysregulated palmitoylation of synaptic proteins and mutated/dysregulated DHHC proteins are associated with several neurodegenerative diseases, such as Alzheimer's disease (AD), Huntington's disease (HD), and Parkinson's disease (PD). In this review, we summarize the recent discoveries on the subcellular distribution of DHHC proteins and analyze their expression patterns in different brain cells. In particular, this review discusses how palmitoylation of synaptic proteins regulates synaptic vesicle exocytotic fusion and the localization, clustering, and transport of several postsynaptic receptors, as well as the role of palmitoylation of other proteins in regulating synaptic proteins. Additionally, some of the specific known associations of these factors with neurodegenerative disorders are explored, with a few suggestions for the development of therapeutic strategies. Finally, this review provides possible directions for future research to reveal detailed and specific mechanisms underlying the roles of synaptic protein palmitoylation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiaying Peng
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Danchan Liang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhonghao Zhang
- Shenzhen Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Ecology, Brain Disease and Big Data Research Institute, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen, China.
- Shenzhen-Hong Kong Institute of Brain Science-Shenzhen Fundamental Research Institutions, Shenzhen, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Guo M, Xu J, Long X, Liu W, Aris AZ, Yang D, Luo Y, Xu Y, Yu J. Myocardial fibrosis induced by nonylphenol and its regulatory effect on the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 272:116110. [PMID: 38364763 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2023] [Revised: 01/23/2024] [Accepted: 02/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/18/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We here explored whether perinatal nonylphenol (NP) exposure causes myocardial fibrosis (MF) during adulthood in offspring rats and determined the role of the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in NP-induced fibrosis in cardiac fibroblasts (CFs). METHODS AND RESULTS Histopathology revealed increased collagen deposition and altered fiber arrangement in the NP and isoproterenol hydrochloride (ISO) groups compared with the blank group. Systolic and diastolic functions were impaired. Western blotting and qRT-PCR demonstrated that the expression of central myofibrosis-related proteins (collagens Ι and ΙΙΙ, MMP2, MMP9, TGF-β1, α-SMA, IL-1β, and TGF-β1) and genes (Collagen Ι, Collagen ΙΙΙ, TGF-β1, and α-SMA mRNA) was upregulated in the NP and ISO groups compared with the blank group. The mRNA-seq analysis indicated differential expression of TGF-β1 signaling pathway-associated genes and proteins. Fibrosis-related protein and gene expression increased in the CFs stimulated with the recombinant human TGF-β1 and NP, which was consistent with the results of animal experiments. According to the immunofluorescence analysis and western blotting, NP exposure activated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway whose action mechanism in NP-induced CFs was further validated using the LIMK1 inhibitor (BMS-5). The inhibitor modulated the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway and suppressed the NP-induced increase in fibrosis-related protein expression in the CFs. Thus, the aforementioned pathway is involved in NP-induced fibrosis. CONCLUSION We here provide the first evidence that perinatal NP exposure causes myocardial fibrosis in growing male rat pups and reveal the molecular mechanism and functional role of the TGF-β1/LIMK1 signaling pathway in this process.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mei Guo
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Xianping Long
- Department of Cardiology, Affiliated Hospital of Zunyi Medical University, Guizhou, China
| | - Weichu Liu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Ahmad Zaharin Aris
- Department of Environment, Faculty of Forestry and Environment, Universiti Putra Malaysia, Serdang, Selangor 43400 UPM, Malaysia
| | - Danli Yang
- Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Ministry of Education and Joint International Research Laboratory of Ethnomedicine of Ministry of Education, School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou 563000, China
| | - Ya Luo
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Yuzhu Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Liao D, Huang Y, Liu D, Zhang H, Shi X, Li X, Luo P. The role of s-palmitoylation in neurological diseases: implication for zDHHC family. Front Pharmacol 2024; 14:1342830. [PMID: 38293675 PMCID: PMC10824933 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1342830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024] Open
Abstract
S-palmitoylation is a reversible posttranslational modification, and the palmitoylation reaction in human-derived cells is mediated by the zDHHC family, which is composed of S-acyltransferase enzymes that possess the DHHC (Asp-His-His-Cys) structural domain. zDHHC proteins form an autoacylation intermediate, which then attaches the fatty acid to cysteine a residue in the target protein. zDHHC proteins sublocalize in different neuronal structures and exert dif-ferential effects on neurons. In humans, many zDHHC proteins are closely related to human neu-rological disor-ders. This review focuses on a variety of neurological disorders, such as AD (Alz-heimer's disease), HD (Huntington's disease), SCZ (schizophrenia), XLID (X-linked intellectual disability), attention deficit hyperactivity disorder and glioma. In this paper, we will discuss and summarize the research progress regarding the role of zDHHC proteins in these neu-rological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dan Liao
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Yutao Huang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Dan Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
- School of Life Science, Northwest University, Xi’an, China
| | - Haofuzi Zhang
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xinyu Shi
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Xin Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Peng Luo
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xijing Hospital, Fourth Military Medical University, Xi’an, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
O’Day DH. Alzheimer's Disease beyond Calcium Dysregulation: The Complex Interplay between Calmodulin, Calmodulin-Binding Proteins and Amyloid Beta from Disease Onset through Progression. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:6246-6261. [PMID: 37623212 PMCID: PMC10453589 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45080393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2023] [Revised: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023] Open
Abstract
A multifactorial syndrome, Alzheimer's disease is the main cause of dementia, but there is no existing therapy to prevent it or stop its progression. One of the earliest events of Alzheimer's disease is the disruption of calcium homeostasis but that is just a prelude to the disease's devastating impact. Calcium does not work alone but must interact with downstream cellular components of which the small regulatory protein calmodulin is central, if not primary. This review supports the idea that, due to calcium dyshomeostasis, calmodulin is a dominant regulatory protein that functions in all stages of Alzheimer's disease, and these regulatory events are impacted by amyloid beta. Amyloid beta not only binds to and regulates calmodulin but also multiple calmodulin-binding proteins involved in Alzheimer's. Together, they act on the regulation of calcium dyshomeostasis, neuroinflammation, amyloidogenesis, memory formation, neuronal plasticity and more. The complex interactions between calmodulin, its binding proteins and amyloid beta may explain why many therapies have failed or are doomed to failure unless they are considered.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danton H. O’Day
- Department of Biology, University of Toronto Mississauga, Mississauga, ON L5L 1C6, Canada;
- Cell and Systems Biology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON M5S 3G5, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Hosokawa T, Liu PW. Regulation of the Stability and Localization of Post-synaptic Membrane Proteins by Liquid-Liquid Phase Separation. Front Physiol 2021; 12:795757. [PMID: 34975543 PMCID: PMC8716852 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.795757] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Synaptic plasticity is a cellular mechanism of learning and memory. The synaptic strength can be persistently upregulated or downregulated to update the information sent to the neuronal network and form a memory engram. For its molecular mechanism, the stability of α-amino-3-hydroxyl-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionate-type glutamate receptor (AMPAR), a glutamatergic ionotropic receptor, on the postsynaptic membrane has been studied for these two decades. Since AMPAR is not saturated on the postsynaptic membrane during a single event of neurotransmitter release, the number and nanoscale localization of AMPAR is critical for regulating the efficacy of synaptic transmission. The observation of AMPAR on the postsynaptic membrane by super-resolution microscopy revealed that AMPAR forms a nanodomain that is defined as a stable segregated cluster on the postsynaptic membrane to increase the efficacy of synaptic transmission. Postsynaptic density (PSD), an intracellular protein condensate underneath the postsynaptic membrane, regulates AMPAR dynamics via the intracellular domain of Stargazin, an auxiliary subunit of AMPAR. Recently, it was reported that PSD is organized by liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) to form liquid-like protein condensates. Furthermore, the calcium signal induced by the learning event triggers the persistent formation of sub-compartments of different protein groups inside protein condensates. This explains the formation of nanodomains via synaptic activation. The liquid-like properties of LLPS protein condensates are ideal for the molecular mechanism of synaptic plasticity. In this review, we summarize the recent progress in the properties and regulation of synaptic plasticity, postsynaptic receptors, PSD, and LLPS.
Collapse
|
6
|
Li S, Xu W, Gong L, Zhang J, Zhang Y, Chen J, Yu J, Xu J. Subchronic nonylphenol exposure induced anxiety-like behavior and decreased expressions of regulators of synaptic plasticity in rats. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 282:130994. [PMID: 34102488 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.130994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2021] [Revised: 05/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Studies have shown that there were associations between endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs) and anxiety. Nonylphenol (NP) is an EDC with weak estrogen activity. This study aimed to clarify whether subchronic exposure of NP at environmental concentrations induces anxiety-like behavior, and effects of NP on the regulators (NMDAR2B, PSD-95, Synapsin1) expressions of synaptic plasticity in vivo and in vitro experiments. In vivo, 40 male SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups (each with 10 rats): low dose (0.4 mg/kg/day, L-NP), middle-dose (4 mg/kg/day, M - NP), high-dose (40 mg/kg/day, H-NP) and corn oil (Control) groups. In vitro, HT22 cells were divided into a control group (Control), NP group (NP, 20 μM), glutamine acid receptor inhibitor group (MK-801, 10 μM) and MK-801 + NP group. The concentration of NP in the hippocampus rised with the increase of NP exposure concentration in the treatment groups (F = 7.542, P = 0.001). Compared with the control group, the residence time in the dark box after NP exposure had extended (F = 117.927, P < 0.01). The duration (F = 112.054, P < 0.01) and the number of times (F = 13.514, P < 0.01) to enter the closed arm in the NP exposure group significantly increased. There were more neurons degeneration and nuclear shrinkage in the M - and H- NP groups, while the average number of shrinked neurons increased with the increasing dose of NP exposure. The protein expressions of PSD-95 (F = 97.723, P < 0.01), Synapsin1 (F = 41.797, P < 0.01) and NMDAR2B (F = 3.440, P = 0.036) in the NP group were lower than those of the control. Simultaneously, the expressions of PSD-95, Synapsin1 and NMDAR2B in the hippocampus were down-regulated; the mRNA expression of PSD-95 (F = 19.950, P < 0.01), Synapsin1 (F = 3.498, P = 0.035) and NMDAR2B (F = 9.293, P < 0.01) genes in the hippocampus decreased in the M - and H-NP groups. In vitro, the trend of the fluorescence intensity expressed by PSD-95 (F = 2.606, P = 0.124) and Synapsin1 (F = 20.573, P < 0.01) among the groups was: MK-801 + NP group < MK-801 < NP group. The protein expressions of PSD-95 (F = 5.699, P = 0.022), Synapsin1 (F = 10.820, P = 0.003) and NMDAR2B (F = 6.041, P = 0.019) were down-regulated. These results suggested that subchronic exposure to environmental concentrations of NP induced anxiety, and reduced the protein and/or mRNA expressions of regulators of synaptic plasticity (PSD-95, Synapsin1, NMDAR2B).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shengnan Li
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Weihong Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Lei Gong
- Department of Pharmacy, 1st Affiliated Hospital to Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou Province, 563000, PR China
| | - Jianling Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Yujie Zhang
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Jingting Chen
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China
| | - Jie Yu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China.
| | - Jie Xu
- School of Public Health, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, Guizhou, 563000, PR China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Zhang Y, Fang X, Ascota L, Li L, Guerra L, Vega A, Salinas A, Gonzalez A, Garza C, Tsin A, Hell JW, Ames JB. Zinc-chelating postsynaptic density-95 N-terminus impairs its palmitoyl modification. Protein Sci 2021; 30:2246-2257. [PMID: 34538002 DOI: 10.1002/pro.4187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Chemical synaptic transmission represents the most sophisticated dynamic process and is highly regulated with optimized neurotransmitter balance. Imbalanced transmitters can lead to transmission impairments, for example, intracellular zinc accumulation is a hallmark of degenerating neurons. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Postsynaptic density protein-95 (PSD-95) is a primary postsynaptic membrane-associated protein and the major scaffolding component in the excitatory postsynaptic densities, which performs substantial functions in synaptic development and maturation. Its membrane association induced by palmitoylation contributes largely to its regulatory functions at postsynaptic sites. Unlike other structural domains in PSD-95, the N-terminal region (PSD-95NT) is flexible and interacts with various targets, which modulates its palmitoylation of two cysteines (C3/C5) and glutamate receptor distributions in postsynaptic densities. PSD-95NT contains a putative zinc-binding motif (C2H2) with undiscovered functions. This study is the first effort to investigate the interaction between Zn2+ and PSD-95NT. The NMR titration of 15 N-labeled PSD-95NT by ZnCl2 was performed and demonstrated Zn2+ binds to PSD-95NT with a binding affinity (Kd ) in the micromolar range. The zinc binding was confirmed by fluorescence and mutagenesis assays, indicating two cysteines and two histidines (H24, H28) are critical residues for the binding. These results suggested the concentration-dependent zinc binding is likely to influence PSD-95 palmitoylation since the binding site overlaps the palmitoylation sites, which was verified by the mimic PSD-95 palmitoyl modification and intact cell palmitoylation assays. This study reveals zinc as a novel modulator for PSD-95 postsynaptic membrane association by chelating its N-terminal region, indicative of its importance in postsynaptic signaling.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yonghong Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Xiaoqian Fang
- Department of Molecular Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Luis Ascota
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA.,Department of Molecular Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Libo Li
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA.,Key Laboratory of Green Chemical Engineering and Technology of College of Heilongjiang Province, College of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, Harbin University of Science and Technology, Harbin, China
| | - Lili Guerra
- Department of Molecular Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Audrey Vega
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Amanda Salinas
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Andrea Gonzalez
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Claudia Garza
- Department of Chemistry, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Andrew Tsin
- Department of Molecular Science, The University of Texas Rio Grande Valley, Edinburg, Texas, USA
| | - Johannes W Hell
- Department of Pharmacology, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| | - James B Ames
- Department of Chemistry, University of California, Davis, California, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Elevating the Levels of Calcium Ions Exacerbate Alzheimer's Disease via Inducing the Production and Aggregation of β-Amyloid Protein and Phosphorylated Tau. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22115900. [PMID: 34072743 PMCID: PMC8198078 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22115900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a neurodegenerative disease with a high incidence rate. The main pathological features of AD are β-amyloid plaques (APs), which are formed by β-amyloid protein (Aβ) deposition, and neurofibrillary tangles (NFTs), which are formed by the excessive phosphorylation of the tau protein. Although a series of studies have shown that the accumulation of metal ions, including calcium ions (Ca2+), can promote the formation of APs and NFTs, there is no systematic review of the mechanisms by which Ca2+ affects the development and progression of AD. In view of this, the current review summarizes the mechanisms by which Ca2+ is transported into and out of cells and organelles, such as the cell, endoplasmic reticulum, mitochondrial and lysosomal membranes to affect the balance of intracellular Ca2+ levels. In addition, dyshomeostasis of Ca2+ plays an important role in modulating the pathogenesis of AD by influencing the production and aggregation of Aβ peptides and tau protein phosphorylation and the ways that disrupting the metabolic balance of Ca2+ can affect the learning ability and memory of people with AD. In addition, the effects of these mechanisms on the synaptic plasticity are also discussed. Finally, the molecular network through which Ca2+ regulates the pathogenesis of AD is introduced, providing a theoretical basis for improving the clinical treatment of AD.
Collapse
|
9
|
Compans B, Camus C, Kallergi E, Sposini S, Martineau M, Butler C, Kechkar A, Klaassen RV, Retailleau N, Sejnowski TJ, Smit AB, Sibarita JB, Bartol TM, Perrais D, Nikoletopoulou V, Choquet D, Hosy E. NMDAR-dependent long-term depression is associated with increased short term plasticity through autophagy mediated loss of PSD-95. Nat Commun 2021; 12:2849. [PMID: 33990590 PMCID: PMC8121912 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-021-23133-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 01/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Long-term depression (LTD) of synaptic strength can take multiple forms and contribute to circuit remodeling, memory encoding or erasure. The generic term LTD encompasses various induction pathways, including activation of NMDA, mGlu or P2X receptors. However, the associated specific molecular mechanisms and effects on synaptic physiology are still unclear. We here compare how NMDAR- or P2XR-dependent LTD affect synaptic nanoscale organization and function in rodents. While both LTDs are associated with a loss and reorganization of synaptic AMPARs, only NMDAR-dependent LTD induction triggers a profound reorganization of PSD-95. This modification, which requires the autophagy machinery to remove the T19-phosphorylated form of PSD-95 from synapses, leads to an increase in AMPAR surface mobility. We demonstrate that these post-synaptic changes that occur specifically during NMDAR-dependent LTD result in an increased short-term plasticity improving neuronal responsiveness of depressed synapses. Our results establish that P2XR- and NMDAR-mediated LTD are associated to functionally distinct forms of LTD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Compans
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Come Camus
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Emmanouela Kallergi
- Department of Fundamental Neurosciences, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Silvia Sposini
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Magalie Martineau
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Corey Butler
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Adel Kechkar
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Remco V Klaassen
- Department Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Amsterdam, HV, The Netherlands
| | - Natacha Retailleau
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Terrence J Sejnowski
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - August B Smit
- Department Molecular and Cellular Neurobiology, Amsterdam, HV, The Netherlands
| | - Jean-Baptiste Sibarita
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | - Thomas M Bartol
- Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Salk Institute for Biological Studies, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - David Perrais
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
| | | | - Daniel Choquet
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France
- Univ. Bordeaux, CNRS, INSERM, Bordeaux Imaging Center, BIC, UMS 3420, Bordeaux, France
| | - Eric Hosy
- Interdisciplinary Institute for Neuroscience, CNRS, Univ. Bordeaux, IINS, UMR 5297, Bordeaux, France.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Ji B, Skup M. Roles of palmitoylation in structural long-term synaptic plasticity. Mol Brain 2021; 14:8. [PMID: 33430908 PMCID: PMC7802216 DOI: 10.1186/s13041-020-00717-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/15/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Long-term potentiation (LTP) and long-term depression (LTD) are important cellular mechanisms underlying learning and memory processes. N-Methyl-d-aspartate receptor (NMDAR)-dependent LTP and LTD play especially crucial roles in these functions, and their expression depends on changes in the number and single channel conductance of the major ionotropic glutamate receptor α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic acid receptor (AMPAR) located on the postsynaptic membrane. Structural changes in dendritic spines comprise the morphological platform and support for molecular changes in the execution of synaptic plasticity and memory storage. At the molecular level, spine morphology is directly determined by actin cytoskeleton organization within the spine and indirectly stabilized and consolidated by scaffold proteins at the spine head. Palmitoylation, as a uniquely reversible lipid modification with the ability to regulate protein membrane localization and trafficking, plays significant roles in the structural and functional regulation of LTP and LTD. Altered structural plasticity of dendritic spines is also considered a hallmark of neurodevelopmental disorders, while genetic evidence strongly links abnormal brain function to impaired palmitoylation. Numerous studies have indicated that palmitoylation contributes to morphological spine modifications. In this review, we have gathered data showing that the regulatory proteins that modulate the actin network and scaffold proteins related to AMPAR-mediated neurotransmission also undergo palmitoylation and play roles in modifying spine architecture during structural plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Benjun Ji
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| | - Małgorzata Skup
- Nencki Institute of Experimental Biology, 02-093, Warsaw, Poland.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Wiesner T, Bilodeau A, Bernatchez R, Deschênes A, Raulier B, De Koninck P, Lavoie-Cardinal F. Activity-Dependent Remodeling of Synaptic Protein Organization Revealed by High Throughput Analysis of STED Nanoscopy Images. Front Neural Circuits 2020; 14:57. [PMID: 33177994 PMCID: PMC7594516 DOI: 10.3389/fncir.2020.00057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/29/2020] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
The organization of proteins in the apposed nanodomains of pre- and postsynaptic compartments is thought to play a pivotal role in synaptic strength and plasticity. As such, the alignment between pre- and postsynaptic proteins may regulate, for example, the rate of presynaptic release or the strength of postsynaptic signaling. However, the analysis of these structures has mainly been restricted to subsets of synapses, providing a limited view of the diversity of synaptic protein cluster remodeling during synaptic plasticity. To characterize changes in the organization of synaptic nanodomains during synaptic plasticity over a large population of synapses, we combined STimulated Emission Depletion (STED) nanoscopy with a Python-based statistical object distance analysis (pySODA), in dissociated cultured hippocampal circuits exposed to treatments driving different forms of synaptic plasticity. The nanoscale organization, characterized in terms of coupling properties, of presynaptic (Bassoon, RIM1/2) and postsynaptic (PSD95, Homer1c) scaffold proteins was differently altered in response to plasticity-inducing stimuli. For the Bassoon - PSD95 pair, treatments driving synaptic potentiation caused an increase in their coupling probability, whereas a stimulus driving synaptic depression had an opposite effect. To enrich the characterization of the synaptic cluster remodeling at the population level, we applied unsupervised machine learning approaches to include selected morphological features into a multidimensional analysis. This combined analysis revealed a large diversity of synaptic protein cluster subtypes exhibiting differential activity-dependent remodeling, yet with common features depending on the expected direction of plasticity. The expanded palette of synaptic features revealed by our unbiased approach should provide a basis to further explore the widely diverse molecular mechanisms of synaptic plasticity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - Paul De Koninck
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Biochemistry, Microbiology and Bioinformatics, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| | - Flavie Lavoie-Cardinal
- CERVO Brain Research Centre, Québec, QC, Canada.,Department of Psychiatry and Neuroscience, Université Laval, Québec, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|