1
|
De Ridder D, Adhia D, Vanneste S. The brain's duck test in phantom percepts: Multisensory congruence in neuropathic pain and tinnitus. Brain Res 2024; 1844:149137. [PMID: 39103069 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149137] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2024] [Revised: 06/26/2024] [Accepted: 08/01/2024] [Indexed: 08/07/2024]
Abstract
Chronic neuropathic pain and chronic tinnitus have been likened to phantom percepts, in which a complete or partial sensory deafferentation results in a filling in of the missing information derived from memory. 150 participants, 50 with tinnitus, 50 with chronic pain and 50 healthy controls underwent a resting state EEG. Source localized current density is recorded from all the sensory cortices (olfactory, gustatory, somatosensory, auditory, vestibular, visual) as well as the parahippocampal area. Functional connectivity by means of lagged phase synchronization is also computed between these regions of interest. Pain and tinnitus are associated with gamma band activity, reflecting prediction errors, in all sensory cortices except the olfactory and gustatory cortex. Functional connectivity identifies theta frequency connectivity between each of the sensory cortices except the chemical senses to the parahippocampus, but not between the individual sensory cortices. When one sensory domain is deprived, the other senses may provide the parahippocampal 'contextual' area with the most likely sound or somatosensory sensation to fill in the gap, applying an abductive 'duck test' approach, i.e., based on stored multisensory congruence. This novel concept paves the way to develop novel treatments for pain and tinnitus, using multisensory (i.e. visual, vestibular, somatosensory, auditory) modulation with or without associated parahippocampal targeting.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Divya Adhia
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland; Global Brain Health Institute & Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland. https://www.lab-clint.org
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Kim G, Khan RA, Tai Y, Shahsavarani S, Husain FT. Gray matter volumetric changes in tinnitus: The impact of hearing loss and severity. Brain Res 2024; 1846:149264. [PMID: 39369776 DOI: 10.1016/j.brainres.2024.149264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2024] [Revised: 09/12/2024] [Accepted: 10/03/2024] [Indexed: 10/08/2024]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a phantom auditory sensation that commonly co-occurs with hearing loss. Both tinnitus and hearing loss can impact the quality of life, emotional well-being, and cognitive functioning of the affected individuals. While previous studies have highlighted structural alterations in hearing loss and/or tinnitus, the fundamental neural mechanisms underpinning tinnitus severity remain poorly understood. In this study, we conducted a voxel-based morphometry to investigate gray matter (GM) volume differences among groups of participants with varying tinnitus severity and hearing status, and controls within a large sample. We observed reduced GM volume in the left anterior insula and right planum polare in participants with hearing loss, regardless of their tinnitus status, compared to normal hearing controls. We noted decreased GM volume in the bilateral anterior and posterior insula for those with tinnitus and normal hearing compared to a normal hearing control group. Further, the tinnitus with hearing loss group showed decreased GM volume in the left planum polare, left inferior temporal gyrus, bilateral anterior temporal gyri, and right superior frontal gyrus compared to the normal hearing control group, suggesting a combined effect of hearing loss and tinnitus. While tinnitus severity did not show a significant overall effect, there was a significant positive correlation between tinnitus distress and GM volume in bilateral planum polare. Our findings enhance the understanding of structural brain changes related to hearing loss and tinnitus, and advance the overall knowledge of tinnitus pathophysiology, which can contribute to the development of more effective treatments for tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Gibbeum Kim
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States
| | - Rafay A Khan
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States
| | - Yihsin Tai
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Department of Speech Pathology and Audiology, Ball State University, Muncie, IN 47306, United States
| | - Somayeh Shahsavarani
- Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Audiology, San Jose State University, San Jose, CA 95192, United States
| | - Fatima T Husain
- Beckman Institute for Advanced Science and Technology, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States; Department of Speech and Hearing Science, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61820, United States; Neuroscience Program, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL 61801, United States.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Chen F, Fahimi Hnazaee M, Vanneste S, Yasoda-Mohan A. Effective Connectivity Network of Aberrant Prediction Error Processing in Auditory Phantom Perception. Brain Connect 2024; 14:430-444. [PMID: 39135479 DOI: 10.1089/brain.2024.0013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/06/2024] Open
Abstract
Introduction: Prediction error (PE) is key to perception in the predictive coding framework. However, previous studies indicated the varied neural activities evoked by PE in tinnitus patients. Here, we aimed to reconcile the conflict by (1) a more nuanced view of PE, which could be driven by changing stimulus (stimulus-driven PE [sPE]) and violation of current context (context-driven PE [cPE]) and (2) investigating the aberrant connectivity networks that are engaged in the processing of the two types of PEs in tinnitus patients. Methods: Ten tinnitus patients with normal hearing and healthy controls were recruited, and a local-global auditory oddball paradigm was applied to measure the electroencephalographic difference between the two groups during sPE and cPE conditions. Results: Overall, the sPE condition engaged bottom-up and top-down connections, whereas the cPE condition engaged mostly top-down connections. The tinnitus group showed decreased sensitivity to the sPE and increased sensitivity to the cPE condition. Particularly, the auditory cortex and posterior cingulate cortex were the hubs for processing cPE in the control and tinnitus groups, respectively, showing the orientation to an internal state in tinnitus. Furthermore, tinnitus patients showed stronger connectivity to the parahippocampus and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex for the establishment of the prediction during the cPE condition. Conclusion: These results begin to dissect the role of changes in stimulus characteristics versus changes in the context of processing the same stimulus in mechanisms of tinnitus generation. Impact Statement This study delves into the number dynamics of prediction error (PE) in tinnitus, proposing a dual framework distinguishing between stimulus-driven PE (sPE) and context-driven PE (cPE). Electroencephalographic data from tinnitus patients and controls revealed distinct connectivity patterns during sPE and cPE conditions. Tinnitus patients exhibited reduced sensitivity to sPE and increased sensitivity to cPE. The auditory cortex and posterior cingulate cortex emerged as pivotal regions for cPE processing in controls and tinnitus patients, indicative of an internal state orientation in tinnitus. Enhanced connectivity to the parahippocampus and pregenual anterior cingulate cortex underscores the role of context in tinnitus pathophysiology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feifan Chen
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Mansoureh Fahimi Hnazaee
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, UCL Queen Square Institute of Neurology, London, United Kingdom
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Han JS, Park J, Kim YL, Park SY, Kim D, Zhang S, Chung YJ, Park SN. Stress-Induced Tinnitus in a Rat Model: Transcriptomics of the Prefrontal Cortex and Hippocampus. Laryngoscope 2024. [PMID: 39319587 DOI: 10.1002/lary.31784] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2024] [Revised: 08/31/2024] [Accepted: 09/04/2024] [Indexed: 09/26/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The molecular mechanisms by which stress leads to the development of tinnitus are not yet well understood. This study aimed to identify brain changes in a stress-induced tinnitus (ST) animal model through transcriptome analysis of the prefrontal lobe and hippocampus. METHODS Twenty Sprague-Dawley rats were subjected to restraint stress for 2 h. Following the gap prepulse inhibition of the acoustic startle (GPIAS) reflex test to assess tinnitus development, the prefrontal lobes and hippocampi of the brains were harvested from 15 rats: five with evident tinnitus (ST), five with noticeable non-tinnitus (stress-induced non-tinnitus; SNT), and five without stress (control group). Comparative RNA-seq analysis was conducted to examine gene expression profiles. RESULTS In comparison to the control group, the ST group exhibited 971 and 463 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in the prefrontal lobe and hippocampus, respectively (FDR < 0.05). The SNT group showed a largely similar gene expression to the control group. Enrichment analysis of the prefrontal lobe revealed the downregulation of gene sets associated with neurotransmitter and synapse-related functions and the upregulation of cell cycle-related gene sets in the ST group. In the hippocampus, there were significantly downregulated gene sets associated with steroid production and upregulated gene sets related to the extracellular matrix in the ST group. Immune-related gene sets were upregulated in both the prefrontal lobe and hippocampus. CONCLUSION Our research presents evidence that differences in genetic expression in the prefrontal lobe and hippocampus after exposure to stress play a significant role in the development of tinnitus. LEVEL OF EVIDENCE NA Laryngoscope, 2024.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jae S Han
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Junseong Park
- Cancer Evolution Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Ye L Kim
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - So Y Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Dokyeong Kim
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Medical Sciences, Graduate School of The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Songzi Zhang
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Yeun-Jun Chung
- Precision Medicine Research Center, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
- Department of Microbiology, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Shi N Park
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Bal F, Kırış M. Effectiveness of Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing-EMDR Method in Patients with Chronic Subjective Tinnitus. Brain Sci 2024; 14:918. [PMID: 39335413 PMCID: PMC11429632 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14090918] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2024] [Revised: 09/11/2024] [Accepted: 09/12/2024] [Indexed: 09/30/2024] Open
Abstract
This research aimed to investigate the effectiveness of the Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing (EMDR) method on chronic subjective tinnitus. The research was planned as an observational study. The study group comprises individuals who applied to the training and research hospital in Ankara between 2019 and 2020 and were aged between 15 and 60 years old. They were identified as having tinnitus. The study samples were determined as 36 participants selected through purposeful sampling. The samples of the 36 participants included in the study. 12 were assigned to the 1st Group EMDR and Masking Group, 12 to the 2nd Group Masking and EMDR Group, and 12 to the 3rd Control Group. The study's dependent variable was the tinnitus levels of the participants, and the independent variable was EMDR and the Masking method. The dependent variable data of the study was collected with the Visual Analog Scale and Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI). EMDR and Masking methods used as independent variables in the study were conducted in eight sessions for two months. As a result of the Wilcoxon Sign test used to determine whether the EMDR Method is effective on tinnitus severity level, the difference between tinnitus severity level pretest and post-test median scores of tinnitus patients was found to be statistically significant. Our research findings show that the EMDR method reduces and improves chronic subjective tinnitus, and further studies with a larger sample size could confirm our results.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatih Bal
- Department of Psychology, Sakarya University, Sakarya 54187, Türkiye
| | - Muzaffer Kırış
- Department of Ear, Nose and Throat Diseases, Ankara Yıldırım Beyazıt University, Ankara 06010, Türkiye
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Kang YJ, Zheng Y. Current understanding of subjective tinnitus in adults. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024; 281:4507-4517. [PMID: 38632112 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08633-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 03/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE An up-to-date overview of epidemiology, etiology and pathophysiological mechanisms, diagnostic and evaluation methods, current treatment status and future directions of subjective tinnitus in adults. METHODS Review of current evidence-based literature on subjective tinnitus in adults. RESULTS The prevalence of subjective tinnitus in the adult population is estimated to be around 14%, and it tends to increase with age. Subjective tinnitus is a complex condition with multiple factors contributing to its origin. However, the exact causes and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. Potential causes may include hearing loss, dysfunction in the somatosensory system, and auditory cortical dysfunction, although severe underlying pathology is rare. Currently, diagnosis primarily relies on patient self-reported medical history and physician-based clinical assessment due to the lack of objective testing. Various treatment and management options have been proposed, but their effectiveness varies, and there is no universally agreed-upon treatment option. CONCLUSIONS Tinnitus is a complex and heterogeneous disease with a high incidence rate and a tendency to increase with age. A holistic perspective is needed to understand the generation, perception, and emotional responses to tinnitus. Diagnosis requires a comprehensive assessment based on medical history and relevant examinations, identification of concurrent psychosomatic comorbidities, and active pursuit of objective diagnostic methods. At the same time, on the basis of existing treatment plans and combining emerging technologies, we will develop new personalized, precise, and combined treatment plans.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yao-Jie Kang
- Hearing Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The Central Hospital of Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, Enshi Tujia and Miao Autonomous Prefecture, China
| | - Yun Zheng
- Hearing Center, Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Tran N, Zewde N, Spiegel D. Hypnosis facilitates psychosomatic improvement in a patient with treatment-resistant idiopathic tinnitus. AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CLINICAL HYPNOSIS 2024:1-6. [PMID: 39051968 DOI: 10.1080/00029157.2024.2379284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/27/2024]
Abstract
Chronic tinnitus, also known as phantom sound perception, is a pervasive and often debilitating condition, affecting 15 to 20% of the population. Due to its idiopathic and persistent nature, chronic tinnitus is frequently associated with co-occurring psychiatric disorders as well as decreased sleep and quality of life. Additionally, heterogeneous presentations of tinnitus create challenges for treatment. In this paper, we present a case study of a 70-year-old female patient who presented with severe bilateral tinnitus over a period of 5 years. After failing multiple treatment trials such as transtympanic electric stimulation, acupuncture, Eye Movement Desensitization and Reprocessing, and medication, the patient found relief only through hypnotherapy. Results may be explained by alterations in interoceptive processing, increased cognitive flexibility, or somatosensory changes, with corresponding changes in functional neural structures. Given the results of this case study, we recommend hypnosis as an alternative or adjunct to current treatment modalities for tinnitus and further investigation in this area.
Collapse
|
8
|
Alashram AR. The efficacy of transcranial random noise stimulation in treating tinnitus: a systematic review. Eur Arch Otorhinolaryngol 2024:10.1007/s00405-024-08858-9. [PMID: 39046497 DOI: 10.1007/s00405-024-08858-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/25/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE This review aims to examine the effects of transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) on tinnitus and to determine the optimal treatment parameters, if possible. METHODS A comprehensive search, including MEDLINE, PubMed, EMBASE, CINAHL, SCOPUS, and PEDro, was conducted to determine experiments studying the effects of tRNS on tinnitus from inception to March 1, 2024. The Physiotherapy Evidence Database (PEDro) scale was used to evaluate the quality of the included studies. RESULTS Seven studies met the eligibility criteria. A total of 616 patients with non-pulsatile tinnitus (mean age 50.93 years; 66% males) were included in this review. The included studies ranged from 3 to 8 out of 10 (median = 7) on the PEDro scale. The results showed that tRNS is an effective intervention in reducing tinnitus symptoms. CONCLUSIONS The evidence for the effects of tRNS on people with chronic non-pulsatile tinnitus is promising. Administering tRNS with an intensity of 1-2 mA, high-frequency (101-650 Hz), using a 35 cm² electrode size over the auditory cortex and DLPFC, for 20 min with eight sessions may demonstrate the desired tRNS effects. The tRNS stimulation should be contralateral for unilateral tinnitus and bilaterally for bilateral tinnitus. Combining tRNS with other concurrent interventions may show superior effects in reducing tinnitus compared to tRNS alone. Further high-quality studies with larger sample sizes are strongly needed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anas R Alashram
- Department of Physiotherapy, Middle East University, Airport Road, Amman, 1666, Jordan.
- Applied Science Research Center, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
- Centre of SpaceBio-Medicine, Department of Systems Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Surgery, San Raffaele Roma Open University, University of Rome "Tor Vergata", Rome, 00133, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Richardson ML, Luo J, Zeng FG. Attention-Modulated Cortical Responses as a Biomarker for Tinnitus. Brain Sci 2024; 14:421. [PMID: 38790400 PMCID: PMC11118879 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14050421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 04/22/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Attention plays an important role in not only the awareness and perception of tinnitus but also its interactions with external sounds. Recent evidence suggests that attention is heightened in the tinnitus brain, likely as a result of relatively local cortical changes specific to deafferentation sites or global changes that help maintain normal cognitive capabilities in individuals with hearing loss. However, most electrophysiological studies have used passive listening paradigms to probe the tinnitus brain and produced mixed results in terms of finding a distinctive biomarker for tinnitus. Here, we designed a selective attention task, in which human adults attended to one of two interleaved tonal (500 Hz and 5 kHz) sequences. In total, 16 tinnitus (5 females) and 13 age- and hearing-matched control (8 females) subjects participated in the study, with the tinnitus subjects matching the tinnitus pitch to 5.4 kHz (range = 1.9-10.8 kHz). Cortical responses were recorded in both passive and attentive listening conditions, producing no differences in P1, N1, and P2 between the tinnitus and control subjects under any conditions. However, a different pattern of results emerged when the difference was examined between the attended and unattended responses. This attention-modulated cortical response was significantly greater in the tinnitus than control subjects: 3.9-times greater for N1 at 5 kHz (95% CI: 2.9 to 5.0, p = 0.007, ηp2 = 0.24) and 3.0 for P2 at 500 Hz (95% CI: 1.9 to 4.5, p = 0.026, ηp2 = 0.17). We interpreted the greater N1 modulation as local neural changes specific to the tinnitus frequency and the greater P2 as global changes to hearing loss. These two cortical measures were used to differentiate between the tinnitus and control subjects, producing 83.3% sensitivity and 76.9% specificity (AUC = 0.81, p = 0.006). These results suggest that the tinnitus brain is more plastic than that of the matched non-tinnitus controls and that the attention-modulated cortical response can be developed as a clinically meaningful biomarker for tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew L. Richardson
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Center for Hearing Research, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Jiaxin Luo
- Center for Hearing Research, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Fan-Gang Zeng
- Department of Otolaryngology—Head and Neck Surgery, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA;
- Center for Hearing Research, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
- Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Cognitive Sciences, University of California at Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Demoen S, Cardon E, Jacquemin L, Timmermans A, Van Rompaey V, Gilles A, Michiels S. Health-Related Quality of Life in Subjective, Chronic Tinnitus Patients: A Scoping Review. J Assoc Res Otolaryngol 2024; 25:103-129. [PMID: 38253898 PMCID: PMC11018725 DOI: 10.1007/s10162-024-00926-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/31/2023] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This scoping review aims to assess whether the severity or distress of subjective tinnitus is negatively associated or correlated with the level of health-related quality of life (HRQoL). A second objective is to examine whether tinnitus patients score differently on HRQoL questionnaires in comparison to subjects without tinnitus and whether HRQoL differs between specific subgroups of tinnitus. METHODS This scoping review adheres to the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines (PRISMA guidelines): the statement and extension for scoping reviews (PRISMA-ScR). The following databases were consulted (on the 20th of October 2023): PubMed, Cochrane Library, Web of Science, and Scopus. The search string was composed of the terms tinnitus, HRQoL, and synonyms. A double-blinded screening for eligibility was performed, first on the title and abstract and subsequently on the full-text articles. Studies were considered eligible if they looked at HRQoL questionnaire results for adult patients (> 18 years) reporting chronic (> 3 months), subjective tinnitus as a primary complaint. RESULTS In total, 37 studies with a total sample size of 33,900 participants were included in this scoping review, with some studies answering multiple study objectives. Seventeen studies demonstrated the presence of a significant negative correlation between tinnitus-related distress and HRQoL. Two studies indicated that HRQoL is mediated by tinnitus-related distress. Eighteen studies found that, in general, patients with tinnitus scored significantly lower on HRQoL questionnaires in comparison to subjects without tinnitus. Nineteen studies demonstrated that subgroups of patients with more severe tinnitus complaints or specific additional complaints scored worse on HRQoL questionnaires. CONCLUSION Based on the current literature, chronic subjective tinnitus-related distress has a significant impact on health-related quality of life. In addition, subjects without tinnitus generally score significantly higher on HRQoL questionnaires than patients with tinnitus. The heterogeneity in outcome measures between studies precludes meta-analysis. Increased homogeneity in the choice of HRQoL questionnaires would make a comparison between studies possible, which would give valuable information on both a clinical and an economic level, guiding future tinnitus treatment. REGISTRATION The protocol for the scoping review is registered at Open Science Framework: https://doi.org/10.17605/OSF.IO/F5S9C .
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Demoen
- Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium.
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium.
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Emilie Cardon
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Laure Jacquemin
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annick Timmermans
- Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
| | - Vincent Van Rompaey
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Annick Gilles
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
- Department of Translational Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
- Department of Education, Health and Social Work, University College Ghent, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Sarah Michiels
- Rehabilitation Research Center, REVAL, Faculty of Rehabilitation Sciences, Hasselt University, Martelarenlaan 42, 3500, Hasselt, Belgium
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery, Antwerp University Hospital, 2650, Edegem, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Leaver AM, Chen YJ, Parrish TB. Focal tDCS of auditory cortex in chronic tinnitus: A randomized controlled mechanistic trial. Clin Neurophysiol 2024; 158:79-91. [PMID: 38198874 PMCID: PMC10896454 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinph.2023.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 10/24/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The goal of this pilot study was to understand how focal transcranial direct current stimulation (tDCS) targeting auditory cortex changes brain function in chronic tinnitus using magnetic resonance imaging (MRI). METHODS People with chronic tinnitus were randomized to active or sham tDCS on five consecutive days in this mechanistic trial (n = 10/group). Focal 4x1 tDCS (central anode, surround cathodes) targeted left auditory cortex, with single-blind 2 mA current during twenty-minute sessions. Arterial spin-labeled and blood oxygenation level dependent MRI occurred immediately before and after the first tDCS session, and tinnitus symptoms were measured starting one week before the first tDCS session and through four weeks after the final session. RESULTS Acute increases in cerebral blood flow and functional connectivity were noted in auditory cortex after the first active tDCS session. Reduced tinnitus loudness ratings after the final tDCS session correlated with acute change in functional connectivity between an auditory network and mediodorsal thalamus and prefrontal cortex. Reduced tinnitus intrusiveness also correlated with acute change in connectivity between precuneus and an auditory network. CONCLUSIONS Focal auditory-cortex tDCS can influence function in thalamus, auditory, and prefrontal cortex, which may associate with improved tinnitus. SIGNIFICANCE With future refinement, tDCS targeting auditory cortex could become a viable intervention for tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Amber M Leaver
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA.
| | - Yufen J Chen
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| | - Todd B Parrish
- Department of Radiology, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL 60611, USA
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Smith LJ, Wilkinson D, Bodani M, Surenthiran SS. Cognition in vestibular disorders: state of the field, challenges, and priorities for the future. Front Neurol 2024; 15:1159174. [PMID: 38304077 PMCID: PMC10830645 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2024.1159174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Vestibular disorders are prevalent and debilitating conditions of the inner ear and brain which affect balance, coordination, and the integration of multisensory inputs. A growing body of research has linked vestibular disorders to cognitive problems, most notably attention, visuospatial perception, spatial memory, and executive function. However, the mechanistic bases of these cognitive sequelae remain poorly defined, and there is a gap between our theoretical understanding of vestibular cognitive dysfunction, and how best to identify and manage this within clinical practice. This article takes stock of these shortcomings and provides recommendations and priorities for healthcare professionals who assess and treat vestibular disorders, and for researchers developing cognitive models and rehabilitation interventions. We highlight the importance of multidisciplinary collaboration for developing and evaluating clinically relevant theoretical models of vestibular cognition, to advance research and treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laura J. Smith
- Centre for Preventative Neurology, Wolfson Institute of Population Health, Queen Mary University of London, London, United Kingdom
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - David Wilkinson
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | - Mayur Bodani
- School of Psychology, Keynes College, University of Kent, Kent, United Kingdom
| | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
Yasoda-Mohan A, Vanneste S. Development, Insults and Predisposing Factors of the Brain's Predictive Coding System to Chronic Perceptual Disorders-A Life-Course Examination. Brain Sci 2024; 14:86. [PMID: 38248301 PMCID: PMC10813926 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci14010086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2023] [Revised: 01/08/2024] [Accepted: 01/09/2024] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
The predictive coding theory is currently widely accepted as the theoretical basis of perception and chronic perceptual disorders are explained as the maladaptive compensation of the brain to a prediction error. Although this gives us a general framework to work with, it is still not clear who may be more susceptible and/or vulnerable to aberrations in this system. In this paper, we study changes in predictive coding through the lens of tinnitus and pain. We take a step back to understand how the predictive coding system develops from infancy, what are the different neural and bio markers that characterise this system in the acute, transition and chronic phases and what may be the factors that pose a risk to the aberration of this system. Through this paper, we aim to identify people who may be at a higher risk of developing chronic perceptual disorders as a reflection of aberrant predictive coding, thereby giving future studies more facets to incorporate in their investigation of early markers of tinnitus, pain and other disorders of predictive coding. We therefore view this paper to encourage the thinking behind the development of preclinical biomarkers to maladaptive predictive coding.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anusha Yasoda-Mohan
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland;
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland;
- Trinity College Institute for Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, School of Psychology, Trinity College Dublin, D02 R123 Dublin, Ireland
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Wertz J, Rüttiger L, Bender B, Klose U, Stark RS, Dapper K, Saemisch J, Braun C, Singer W, Dalhoff E, Bader K, Wolpert SM, Knipper M, Munk MHJ. Differential cortical activation patterns: pioneering sub-classification of tinnitus with and without hyperacusis by combining audiometry, gamma oscillations, and hemodynamics. Front Neurosci 2024; 17:1232446. [PMID: 38239827 PMCID: PMC10794389 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1232446] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/22/2024] Open
Abstract
The ongoing controversies about the neural basis of tinnitus, whether linked with central neural gain or not, may hamper efforts to develop therapies. We asked to what extent measurable audiometric characteristics of tinnitus without (T) or with co-occurrence of hyperacusis (TH) are distinguishable on the level of cortical responses. To accomplish this, electroencephalography (EEG) and concurrent functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) were measured while patients performed an attentionally demanding auditory discrimination task using stimuli within the individual tinnitus frequency (fTin) and a reference frequency (fRef). Resting-state-fMRI-based functional connectivity (rs-fMRI-bfc) in ascending auditory nuclei (AAN), the primary auditory cortex (AC-I), and four other regions relevant for directing attention or regulating distress in temporal, parietal, and prefrontal cortex was compiled and compared to EEG and concurrent fNIRS activity in the same brain areas. We observed no group differences in pure-tone audiometry (PTA) between 10 and 16 kHz. However, the PTA threshold around the tinnitus pitch was positively correlated with the self-rated tinnitus loudness and also correlated with distress in T-groups, while TH experienced their tinnitus loudness at minimal loudness levels already with maximal suffering scores. The T-group exhibited prolonged auditory brain stem (ABR) wave I latency and reduced ABR wave V amplitudes (indicating reduced neural synchrony in the brainstem), which were associated with lower rs-fMRI-bfc between AAN and the AC-I, as observed in previous studies. In T-subjects, these features were linked with elevated spontaneous and reduced evoked gamma oscillations and with reduced deoxygenated hemoglobin (deoxy-Hb) concentrations in response to stimulation with lower frequencies in temporal cortex (Brodmann area (BA) 41, 42, 22), implying less synchronous auditory responses during active auditory discrimination of reference frequencies. In contrast, in the TH-group gamma oscillations and hemodynamic responses in temporoparietal regions were reversed during active discrimination of tinnitus frequencies. Our findings suggest that T and TH differ in auditory discrimination and memory-dependent directed attention during active discrimination at either tinnitus or reference frequencies, offering a test paradigm that may allow for more precise sub-classification of tinnitus and future improved treatment approaches.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Wertz
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Lukas Rüttiger
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Benjamin Bender
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Uwe Klose
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Robert S. Stark
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Konrad Dapper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| | - Jörg Saemisch
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | | | - Wibke Singer
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Ernst Dalhoff
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Katharina Bader
- Section of Physiological Acoustics and Communication, Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Stephan M. Wolpert
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Marlies Knipper
- Department of Otolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Tübingen Hearing Research Centre, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matthias H. J. Munk
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- Department of Biology, Technical University Darmstadt, Darmstadt, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Zhu M, Gong Q. EEG spectral and microstate analysis originating residual inhibition of tinnitus induced by tailor-made notched music training. Front Neurosci 2023; 17:1254423. [PMID: 38148944 PMCID: PMC10750374 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2023.1254423] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2023] [Accepted: 11/21/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Tailor-made notched music training (TMNMT) is a promising therapy for tinnitus. Residual inhibition (RI) is one of the few interventions that can temporarily inhibit tinnitus, which is a useful technique that can be applied to tinnitus research and explore tinnitus mechanisms. In this study, RI effect of TMNMT in tinnitus was investigated mainly using behavioral tests, EEG spectral and microstate analysis. To our knowledge, this study is the first to investigate RI effect of TMNMT. A total of 44 participants with tinnitus were divided into TMNMT group (22 participants; ECnm, NMnm, RInm represent that EEG recordings with eyes closed stimuli-pre, stimuli-ing, stimuli-post by TMNMT music, respectively) and Placebo control group (22 participants; ECpb, PBpb, RIpb represent that EEG recordings with eyes closed stimuli-pre, stimuli-ing, stimuli-post by Placebo music, respectively) in a single-blind manner. Behavioral tests, EEG spectral analysis (covering delta, theta, alpha, beta, gamma frequency bands) and microstate analysis (involving four microstate classes, A to D) were employed to evaluate RI effect of TMNMT. The results of the study showed that TMNMT had a stronger inhibition ability and longer inhibition time according to the behavioral tests compared to Placebo. Spectral analysis showed that RI effect of TMNMT increased significantly the power spectral density (PSD) of delta, theta bands and decreased significantly the PSD of alpha2 band, and microstate analysis showed that RI effect of TMNMT had shorter duration (microstate B, microstate C), higher Occurrence (microstate A, microstate C, microstate D), Coverage (microstate A) and transition probabilities (microstate A to microstate B, microstate A to microstate D and microstate D to microstate A). Meanwhile, RI effect of Placebo decreased significantly the PSD of alpha2 band, and microstate analysis showed that RI effect of Placebo had shorter duration (microstate C, microstate D), higher occurrence (microstate B, microstate C), lower coverage (microstate C, microstate D), higher transition probabilities (microstate A to microstate B, microstate B to microstate A). It was also found that the intensity of tinnitus symptoms was significant positively correlated with the duration of microstate B in five subgroups (ECnm, NMnm, RInm, ECpb, PBpb). Our study provided valuable experimental evidence and practical applications for the effectiveness of TMNMT as a novel music therapy for tinnitus. The observed stronger residual inhibition (RI) ability of TMNMT supported its potential applications in tinnitus treatment. Furthermore, the temporal dynamics of EEG microstates serve as novel functional and trait markers of synchronous brain activity that contribute to a deep understanding of the neural mechanism underlying TMNMT treatment for tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Min Zhu
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Qin Gong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, School of Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
- School of Medicine, Shanghai University, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Schilling A, Sedley W, Gerum R, Metzner C, Tziridis K, Maier A, Schulze H, Zeng FG, Friston KJ, Krauss P. Predictive coding and stochastic resonance as fundamental principles of auditory phantom perception. Brain 2023; 146:4809-4825. [PMID: 37503725 PMCID: PMC10690027 DOI: 10.1093/brain/awad255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 06/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/15/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Mechanistic insight is achieved only when experiments are employed to test formal or computational models. Furthermore, in analogy to lesion studies, phantom perception may serve as a vehicle to understand the fundamental processing principles underlying healthy auditory perception. With a special focus on tinnitus-as the prime example of auditory phantom perception-we review recent work at the intersection of artificial intelligence, psychology and neuroscience. In particular, we discuss why everyone with tinnitus suffers from (at least hidden) hearing loss, but not everyone with hearing loss suffers from tinnitus. We argue that intrinsic neural noise is generated and amplified along the auditory pathway as a compensatory mechanism to restore normal hearing based on adaptive stochastic resonance. The neural noise increase can then be misinterpreted as auditory input and perceived as tinnitus. This mechanism can be formalized in the Bayesian brain framework, where the percept (posterior) assimilates a prior prediction (brain's expectations) and likelihood (bottom-up neural signal). A higher mean and lower variance (i.e. enhanced precision) of the likelihood shifts the posterior, evincing a misinterpretation of sensory evidence, which may be further confounded by plastic changes in the brain that underwrite prior predictions. Hence, two fundamental processing principles provide the most explanatory power for the emergence of auditory phantom perceptions: predictive coding as a top-down and adaptive stochastic resonance as a complementary bottom-up mechanism. We conclude that both principles also play a crucial role in healthy auditory perception. Finally, in the context of neuroscience-inspired artificial intelligence, both processing principles may serve to improve contemporary machine learning techniques.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Achim Schilling
- Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - William Sedley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University Medical School, Newcastle upon Tyne NE2 4HH, UK
| | - Richard Gerum
- Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Department of Physics and Astronomy and Center for Vision Research, York University, Toronto, ON M3J 1P3, Canada
| | - Claus Metzner
- Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | | | - Andreas Maier
- Pattern Recognition Lab, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Holger Schulze
- Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
| | - Fan-Gang Zeng
- Center for Hearing Research, Departments of Anatomy and Neurobiology, Biomedical Engineering, Cognitive Sciences, Otolaryngology–Head and Neck Surgery, University of California Irvine, Irvine, CA 92697, USA
| | - Karl J Friston
- Wellcome Centre for Human Neuroimaging, Institute of Neurology, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - Patrick Krauss
- Neuroscience Lab, University Hospital Erlangen, 91054 Erlangen, Germany
- Cognitive Computational Neuroscience Group, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
- Pattern Recognition Lab, University Erlangen-Nürnberg, 91058 Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
De Ridder D, Friston K, Sedley W, Vanneste S. A parahippocampal-sensory Bayesian vicious circle generates pain or tinnitus: a source-localized EEG study. Brain Commun 2023; 5:fcad132. [PMID: 37223127 PMCID: PMC10202557 DOI: 10.1093/braincomms/fcad132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Pain and tinnitus share common pathophysiological mechanisms, clinical features, and treatment approaches. A source-localized resting-state EEG study was conducted in 150 participants: 50 healthy controls, 50 pain, and 50 tinnitus patients. Resting-state activity as well as functional and effective connectivity was computed in source space. Pain and tinnitus were characterized by increased theta activity in the pregenual anterior cingulate cortex, extending to the lateral prefrontal cortex and medial anterior temporal lobe. Gamma-band activity was increased in both auditory and somatosensory cortex, irrespective of the pathology, and extended to the dorsal anterior cingulate cortex and parahippocampus. Functional and effective connectivity were largely similar in pain and tinnitus, except for a parahippocampal-sensory loop that distinguished pain from tinnitus. In tinnitus, the effective connectivity between parahippocampus and auditory cortex is bidirectional, whereas the effective connectivity between parahippocampus and somatosensory cortex is unidirectional. In pain, the parahippocampal-somatosensory cortex is bidirectional, but parahippocampal auditory cortex unidirectional. These modality-specific loops exhibited theta-gamma nesting. Applying a Bayesian brain model of brain functioning, these findings suggest that the phenomenological difference between auditory and somatosensory phantom percepts result from a vicious circle of belief updating in the context of missing sensory information. This finding may further our understanding of multisensory integration and speaks to a universal treatment for pain and tinnitus-by selectively disrupting parahippocampal-somatosensory and parahippocampal-auditory theta-gamma activity and connectivity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dirk De Ridder
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin 9016, New Zealand
| | - Karl Friston
- Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London WC1N 3AR, UK
| | - William Sedley
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne NE1 7RU, UK
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Correspondence to: Sven Vanneste Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience Global Brain Health Institute and Institute of Neuroscience Trinity College Dublin, College Green 2, Dublin D02 PN40, Ireland E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Lee SJ, Park J, Lee SY, Koo JW, Vanneste S, De Ridder D, Lim S, Song JJ. Triple network activation causes tinnitus in patients with sudden sensorineural hearing loss: A model-based volume-entropy analysis. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:1028776. [PMID: 36466160 PMCID: PMC9714300 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.1028776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus can be defined as the conscious perception of phantom sounds in the absence of corresponding external auditory signals. Tinnitus can develop in the setting of sudden sensorineural hearing loss (SSNHL), but the underlying mechanism is largely unknown. Using electroencephalography, we investigated differences in afferent node capacity between 15 SSNHL patients without tinnitus (NT) and 30 SSNHL patients with tinnitus (T). Where the T group showed increased afferent node capacity in regions constituting a "triple brain network" [default mode network (DMN), central executive network (CEN), and salience network (SN)], the NT group showed increased information flow in regions implicated in temporal auditory processing and noise-canceling pathways. Our results demonstrate that when all components of the triple network are activated due to sudden-onset auditory deprivation, tinnitus ensues. By contrast, auditory processing-associated and tinnitus-suppressing networks are highly activated in the NT group, to overcome the activation of the triple network and effectively suppress the generation of tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seung Jae Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jaemin Park
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Hospital, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Ja-Won Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical and Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Seonhee Lim
- Department of Mathematical Sciences, Seoul National University, Seoul, South Korea
| | - Jae-Jin Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
- Sensory Organ Research Institute, Seoul National University Medical Research Center, Seoul, South Korea
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, South Korea
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Abstract
BACKGROUND Tinnitus is a symptom defined as the perception of sound in the absence of an external source. In England alone there are an estimated ¾ million general practice consultations every year where the primary complaint is tinnitus, equating to a major burden on healthcare services. Clinical management strategies include education and advice, relaxation therapy, tinnitus retraining therapy (TRT), cognitive behavioural therapy (CBT), sound enrichment using ear-level sound generators or hearing aids, and drug therapies to manage co-morbid symptoms such as insomnia, anxiety or depression. OBJECTIVES: To assess the effects of Ginkgo biloba for tinnitus in adults and children. SEARCH METHODS The Cochrane ENT Information Specialist searched the Cochrane ENT Register; CENTRAL (2022, Issue 6); Ovid MEDLINE; Ovid Embase; CINAHL; Web of Science; ClinicalTrials.gov; ICTRP and additional sources for published and unpublished trials. The date of the search was 7 June 2022. SELECTION CRITERIA Randomised controlled trials (RCTs) recruiting adults and children with acute or chronic subjective tinnitus. We included studies where the intervention involved Ginkgo biloba and this was compared to placebo, no intervention, or education and information. Concurrent use of other medication or other treatment was acceptable if used equally in each group. Where an additional intervention was used equally in both groups, we analysed this as a separate comparison. The review included all courses of Ginkgo biloba, regardless of dose regimens or formulations, and for any duration of treatment. DATA COLLECTION AND ANALYSIS We used standard Cochrane methods. Our primary outcomes were tinnitus symptom severity measured as a global score on a multi-item tinnitus questionnaire and serious adverse effects (bleeding, seizures). Our secondary outcomes were tinnitus loudness (change in subjective perception), tinnitus intrusiveness, generalised depression, generalised anxiety, health-related quality of life and other adverse effects (gastrointestinal upset, headache, allergic reaction). We used GRADE to assess the certainty of the evidence for each outcome. MAIN RESULTS This review included 12 studies (with a total of 1915 participants). Eleven studies compared the effects of Ginkgo biloba with placebo and one study compared the effects of Ginkgo biloba with hearing aids to hearing aids alone. All included studies were parallel-group RCTs. In general, risk of bias was high or unclear due to selection bias and poor reporting of allocation concealment and blinding of participants, personnel and outcome assessments. Due to heterogeneity in the outcomes measured and measurement methods used, only limited data pooling was possible. Ginkgo biloba versus placebo When we pooled data from two studies for the primary outcome tinnitus symptom severity, we found that Ginkgo biloba may have little to no effect (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores) at three to six months compared to placebo, but the evidence is very uncertain (mean difference (MD) -1.35 (scale 0 to 100), 95% confidence interval (CI) -8.26 to 5.55; 2 studies; 85 participants) (very low-certainty). Ginkgo biloba may result in little to no difference in the risk of bleeding or seizures, with no serious adverse effects reported in either group (4 studies; 1154 participants; low-certainty). For the secondary outcomes, one study found that there may be little to no difference between the effects of Ginkgo biloba and placebo on tinnitus loudness measured with audiometric loudness matching at 12 weeks, but the evidence is very uncertain (MD -4.00 (scale -10 to 140 dB), 95% CI -13.33 to 5.33; 1 study; 73 participants) (very low-certainty). One study found that there may be little to no difference between the effects of Ginkgo biloba and placebo on health-related quality of life measured with the Glasgow Health Status Inventory at three months (MD -0.58 (scale 0 to 100), 95% CI -4.67 to 3.51; 1 study; 60 participants) (low-certainty). Ginkgo biloba may not increase the frequency of other adverse effects (gastrointestinal upset, headache, allergic reaction) at three months compared to placebo (risk ratio 0.91, 95% CI 0.52 to 1.60; 4 studies; 1175 participants) (low-certainty). None of the studies reported the other secondary outcomes of tinnitus intrusiveness or changes in depressive symptoms or depression, anxiety symptoms or generalised anxiety. Gingko biloba with concurrent intervention versus concurrent intervention only One study compared Ginkgo biloba with hearing aids to hearing aids only. It assessed the mean difference in the change in Tinnitus Handicap Inventory scores and tinnitus loudness using a 10-point visual analogue scale (VAS) at three months. The study did not report adverse effects, tinnitus intrusiveness, changes in depressive symptoms or depression, anxiety symptoms or generalised anxiety, or health-related quality of life. This was a single, very small study (22 participants) and for all outcomes the certainty of the evidence was very low. We were unable to draw meaningful conclusions from the numerical results. AUTHORS' CONCLUSIONS There is uncertainty about the benefits and harms of Ginkgo biloba for the treatment of tinnitus when compared to placebo. We were unable to draw meaningful conclusions regarding the benefits and harms of Ginkgo biloba when used with concurrent intervention (hearing aids). The certainty of the evidence for the reported outcomes, assessed using GRADE, ranged from low to very low. Future research into the effectiveness of Ginkgo biloba in patients with tinnitus should use rigorous methodology. Randomisation and blinding should be of the highest quality, given the subjective nature of tinnitus and the strong likelihood of a placebo response. The CONSORT statement should be used in the design and reporting of future studies. We also recommend the use of validated, patient-centred outcome measures for research in the field of tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Sereda
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | - Jun Xia
- Nottingham China Health Institute, The University of Nottingham Ningbo, Ningbo, China
| | - Polly Scutt
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| | | | - Amr El Refaie
- Department of Speech and Hearing Sciences, University College Cork, Cork, Ireland
| | - Derek J Hoare
- NIHR Nottingham Biomedical Research Centre, Hearing Sciences, Mental Health and Clinical Neurosciences, School of Medicine, University of Nottingham, Nottingham, UK
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Karimi M, Farahani S, Nasirinezhad F, Jalaei S, Mokrian H, Shahbazi A. Does insular cortex lesion cause tinnitus in rats? IRANIAN JOURNAL OF BASIC MEDICAL SCIENCES 2022; 25:1177-1182. [PMID: 36311202 PMCID: PMC9588320 DOI: 10.22038/ijbms.2022.63698.14083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Objectives Tinnitus is defined as ringing of the ears that is experienced when there is no external sound source, and is an auditory phantom sensation. The insula as a multimodal cortex has been shown to be involved in the processing of auditory stimuli rather than other sensory and motor processing and reported to correlate with some aspects of tinnitus. However, its exact role is not clear. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of excitotoxic lesions limited to the insular cortex on the ability to detect a gap in background noise. Materials and Methods Gap detection test and prepulse inhibition, two objective measurements of auditory startle response, were measured, in 33 male Wistar rats, before and up to four weeks after insular lesion in three experimental groups (sham, control, and lesion). Results The ability to detect the gap interposed between 60 db background noise was impaired at weeks 2, 3, and 4 following insular lesion, while prepulse inhibition remained intact up to four weeks after surgery. Conclusion These findings indicated that excitotoxic lesions of the insular cortex may produce a tinnitus-like phenomenon in rats while sparing the hearing sensitivity; suggesting that the insular cortex may have a role in the development of tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minoo Karimi
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeid Farahani
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farinaz Nasirinezhad
- Physiology Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shohreh Jalaei
- Department of Physiotherapy, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Helnaz Mokrian
- Department of Audiology, School of Rehabilitation, Tehran University of Medical Science, Tehran, Iran
| | - Ali Shahbazi
- Cellular and Molecular Research Center, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran,Corresponding author: Ali Shahbazi. Department of Neuroscience, Faculty of Advanced Technologies in Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Shahid Hemat Highway next to Milad Tower 1449614535, Tehran, Iran. Tel: +98-21-86704833;
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
A Combined Image- and Coordinate-Based Meta-Analysis of Whole-Brain Voxel-Based Morphometry Studies Investigating Subjective Tinnitus. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12091192. [PMID: 36138928 PMCID: PMC9496862 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12091192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/04/2022] [Revised: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies investigating tinnitus have reported structural differences in a variety of spatially distinct gray matter regions. However, the results have been highly inconsistent and sometimes contradictory. In the current study, we conducted a combined image- and coordinate-based meta-analysis of VBM studies investigating tinnitus to identify robust gray matter differences associated with tinnitus, as well as examine the possible effects of hearing loss on the outcome of the meta-analysis. The PubMed and Web of Science databases were searched for studies published up to August 2021. Additional manual searches were conducted for studies published up to December 2021. A whole-brain meta-analysis was performed using Seed-Based d Mapping with Permutation of Subject Images (SDM-PSI). Fifteen studies comprising 423 individuals with tinnitus and either normal hearing or hearing loss (mean age 50.94 years; 173 females) and 508 individuals without tinnitus and either normal hearing or hearing loss (mean age 51.59 years; 234 females) met the inclusion criteria. We found a small but significant reduction in gray matter in the left inferior temporal gyrus for groups of normal hearing individuals with tinnitus compared to groups of hearing-matched individuals without tinnitus. In sharp contrast, in groups with hearing loss, tinnitus was associated with increased gray matter levels in the bilateral lingual gyrus and the bilateral precuneus. Those results were dependent upon matching the hearing levels between the groups with or without tinnitus. The current investigation suggests that hearing loss is the driving force of changes in cortical gray matter across individuals with and without tinnitus. Future studies should carefully account for confounders, including hearing loss, hyperacusis, anxiety, and depression, to identify gray matter changes specifically related to tinnitus. Ultimately, the aggregation of standardized individual datasets with both anatomical and useful phenotypical information will permit a better understanding of tinnitus-related gray matter differences, the effects of potential comorbidities, and their interactions with tinnitus.
Collapse
|
22
|
An Exploratory Investigation of Pupillometry As a Measure of Tinnitus Intrusiveness on a Test of Auditory Short-Term Memory. Ear Hear 2022; 43:1540-1548. [DOI: 10.1097/aud.0000000000001214] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
23
|
Riha C, Güntensperger D, Kleinjung T, Meyer M. Recovering Hidden Responder Groups in Individuals Receiving Neurofeedback for Tinnitus. Front Neurosci 2022; 16:867704. [PMID: 35812211 PMCID: PMC9261875 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2022.867704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The widespread understanding that chronic tinnitus is a heterogeneous phenomenon with various neural oscillatory profiles has spurred investigations into individualized approaches in its treatment. Neurofeedback, as a non-invasive tool for altering neural activity, has become increasingly popular in the personalized treatment of a wide range of neuropsychological disorders. Despite the success of neurofeedback on the group level, the variability in the treatment efficacy on the individual level is high, and evidence from recent studies shows that only a small number of people can effectively modulate the desired aspects of neural activity. To reveal who may be more suitable, and hence benefit most from neurofeedback treatment, we classified individuals into unobserved subgroups with similar oscillatory trajectories during the treatment and investigated how subgroup membership was predicted by a series of characteristics. Growth mixture modeling was used to identify distinct latent subgroups with similar oscillatory trajectories among 50 individuals suffering from chronic subjective tinnitus (38 male, 12 female, mean age = 47.1 ± 12.84) across 15 neurofeedback training sessions. Further, the impact of characteristics and how they predicted the affiliation in the identified subgroups was evaluated by including measures of demographics, tinnitus-specific (Tinnitus Handicap Inventory) and depression variables, as well as subjective quality of life subscales (World Health Organization—Quality of Life Questionnaire), and health-related quality of life subscales (Short Form-36) in a logistic regression analysis. A latent class model could be fitted to the longitudinal data with a high probability of correctly classifying distinct oscillatory patterns into 3 different groups: non-responder (80%), responder (16%), and decliner (4%). Further, our results show that the health-related wellbeing subscale of the Short Form-36 questionnaire was differentially associated with the groups. However, due to the small sample size in the Responder group, we are not able to provide sufficient evidence for a distinct responder profile. Nevertheless, the identification of oscillatory change-rate differences across distinct groups of individuals provides the groundwork from which to tease apart the complex and heterogeneous oscillatory processes underlying tinnitus and the attempts to modify these through neurofeedback. While more research is needed, our results and the analytical approach presented may bring clarity to contradictory past findings in the field of tinnitus research, and eventually influence clinical practice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Riha
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Research Priority Program “ESIT—European School of Interdisciplinary Tinnitus Research,” Zurich, Switzerland
- *Correspondence: Constanze Riha, , orcid.org/0000-0002-6006-7018
| | | | - Tobias Kleinjung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
- Neuroscience Center Zurich (ZNZ), ETH Zürich, Zurich, Switzerland
- University Research Priority Program “Dynamics of Healthy Aging,” University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
24
|
Transcranial electric and acoustic stimulation for tinnitus: study protocol for a randomized double-blind controlled trial assessing the influence of combined transcranial random noise and acoustic stimulation on tinnitus loudness and distress. Trials 2022; 23:418. [PMID: 35590399 PMCID: PMC9118607 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06253-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 03/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Tinnitus is the result of aberrant neuronal activity. As a novel treatment form, neuromodulation is used to modify neuronal activity of brain areas involved in tinnitus generation. Among the different forms of electric stimulation, transcranial random noise stimulation (tRNS) has been shown to be a promising treatment option for tinnitus. In addition, recent studies indicate that the reduction in tinnitus can be more pronounced when different modalities of stimulation techniques are combined (“bimodal stimulation”). TRNS can be used in combination with acoustic stimulation (AS), a further treatment option recognized in the literature. The aim of the proposed study is to investigate whether simultaneous tRNS and AS improve levels of tinnitus loudness and distress. Methods The intervention consists of bilateral high-definition tRNS (HD-tRNS) over the auditory cortex combined with the application of AS which is studied in a crossover design. The visits will be performed in 26 sessions. There will be 20 treatment sessions, divided into two blocks: active and sham HD-tRNS. Within the blocks, the interventions are divided into group A: HD-tRNS and AS, and group B: HD-tRNS alone. Furthermore, in addition to the assessments directly following the intervention sessions, there will be six extra sessions performed subsequently at the end of each block, after a period of some days (follow-ups 1 and 2) and a month after the last intervention (C). Primary outcome measures are analog scales for evaluation of subjective tinnitus loudness and distress, and the audiological measurement of minimum masking level (MML). Secondary outcome measures are brain activity as measured by electroencephalography and standardized questionnaires for evaluating tinnitus distress and severity. Discussion To the best of our knowledge, this is the first study which uses HD-tRNS combined with AS for tinnitus treatment. The crossover design permits the comparison between HD-tRNS active vs. sham and with vs. without AS. Thus, it will be possible to evaluate the efficacy of the combined approach to HD-tRNS alone. In addition, the use of different objective and subjective evaluations for tinnitus enable more reliable and valid results. Trial registration Swiss Ethics Committee (BASEC-Nr. 2020-02027); Swiss Federal Complementary Database (kofam.ch: SNCTP000004051); and ClinicalTrials.gov (clinicaltrials.gov: NCT04551404).
Collapse
|
25
|
Becker L, Keck A, Rohleder N, Müller-Voggel N. Higher Peripheral Inflammation Is Associated With Lower Orbitofrontal Gamma Power in Chronic Tinnitus. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:883926. [PMID: 35493955 PMCID: PMC9039358 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.883926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic tinnitus, the continuous perception of a phantom sound, is a highly prevalent audiological symptom, for which the underlying pathology has not yet been fully understood. It is associated with neurophysiological alterations in the central nervous system and chronic stress, which can be related with a disinhibition of the inflammatory system. We here investigated the association between resting-state oscillatory activity assessed with Magnetoencephalography (MEG), and peripheral inflammation assessed by C-reactive protein (CRP) in a group of patients with chronic tinnitus (N = 21, nine males, mean age: 40.6 ± 14.6 years). Additionally, CRP was assessed in an age- and sex-matched healthy control group (N = 21, nine males, mean age: 40.9 ± 15.2 years). No MEG data was available for the control group. We found a significant negative correlation between CRP and gamma power in the orbitofrontal cortex in tinnitus patients (p < 0.001), pointing to a deactivation of the orbitofrontal cortex when CRP was high. No significant clusters were found for other frequency bands. Moreover, CRP levels were significantly higher in the tinnitus group than in the healthy controls (p = 0.045). Our results can be interpreted based on findings from previous studies having disclosed the orbitofrontal cortex as part of the tinnitus distress network. We suggest that higher CRP levels and the associated deactivation of the orbitofrontal cortex in chronic tinnitus patients is maintaining the tinnitus percept through disinhibition of the auditory cortex and attentional or emotional top-down processes. Although the direction of the association (i.e., causation) between CRP levels and orbitofrontal gamma power in chronic tinnitus is not yet known, inflammation reducing interventions are promising candidates when developing treatments for tinnitus patients. Overall, our study highlights the importance of considering immune-brain communication in tinnitus research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda Becker
- Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
- *Correspondence: Linda Becker
| | - Antonia Keck
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nicolas Rohleder
- Department of Psychology, Friedrich-Alexander Universität Erlangen-Nürnberg, Erlangen, Germany
| | - Nadia Müller-Voggel
- Department of Neurosurgery, Universitätsklinikum Erlangen, Erlangen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Falcón González JC, Borkoski Barreiro S, Torres García de Celis M, Ramos Macías Á. Tinnitus suppression with electrical stimulation in adults: long-term follow-up. ACTA OTORHINOLARYNGOLOGICA ITALICA : ORGANO UFFICIALE DELLA SOCIETA ITALIANA DI OTORINOLARINGOLOGIA E CHIRURGIA CERVICO-FACCIALE 2022; 42:176-181. [PMID: 35612510 PMCID: PMC9131997 DOI: 10.14639/0392-100x-n1557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
Objectives To investigate the long-term effects of cochlear implants as a treatment for patients with severe to profound neurosensory loss associated with severe tinnitus. Methods Prospective study in 17 adult patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss associated with severe tinnitus, indicated with a Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score ≥ 58%, and hyperacusis. Measures were made on hearing, tinnitus, hyperacusis and quality of life up to 5 years after activation of the sound processor of the cochlear implant. It was evaluated by using the disyllabic test, THI, visual analogue scale and Glasgow Benefit Inventory questionnaire. Results 60 months after cochlear implantation, improvements in loudness and discomfort of tinnitus, speech discrimination and hyperacusis were observed. Subjects perceive an important subjective benefit upon receiving the cochlear implant. Conclusions Cochlear implants can be used as treatment for patients with severe to profound sensorineural hearing loss associated with severe tinnitus and hyperacusis with long-term benefits on quality of life and lasting relief of tinnitus.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juan Carlos Falcón González
- Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Silvia Borkoski Barreiro
- Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Margarita Torres García de Celis
- Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
| | - Ángel Ramos Macías
- Department of Otolaryngology Head Neck Surgery, Complejo Hospitalario Universitario Insular Materno Infantil de Gran Canaria, Las Palmas, Spain
- Department of Otolaryngology, Faculty Medicine, University of Las Palmas de Gran Canaria, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Schoisswohl S, Langguth B, Hebel T, Vielsmeier V, Abdelnaim MA, Schecklmann M. Personalization of Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for the Treatment of Chronic Subjective Tinnitus. Brain Sci 2022; 12:brainsci12020203. [PMID: 35203965 PMCID: PMC8870254 DOI: 10.3390/brainsci12020203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2022] [Revised: 01/26/2022] [Accepted: 01/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Personalization of repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for tinnitus might be capable to overcome the heterogeneity of treatment responses. The assessment of loudness changes after short rTMS protocols in test sessions has been proposed as a strategy to identify the best protocol for the daily treatment application. However, the therapeutic advantages of this approach are currently not clear. The present study was designed to further investigate the feasibility and clinical efficacy of personalized rTMS as compared to a standardized rTMS protocol used for tinnitus. Methods: RTMS personalization was conducted via test sessions and reliable, sham-superior responses respectively short-term reductions in tinnitus loudness following active rTMS protocols (1, 10, 20 Hz, each 200 pulses) applied over the left and right temporal cortex. Twenty pulses at a frequency of 0.1 Hz served as a control condition (sham). In case of a response, patients were randomly allocated to ten treatment sessions of either personalized rTMS (2000 pulses with the site and frequency producing the most pronounced loudness reduction during test sessions) or standard rTMS (1 Hz, 2000 pulses left temporal cortex). Those participants who did not show a response during the test sessions received the standard protocol as well. Results: The study was terminated prematurely after 22 patients (instead of 50 planned) as the number of test session responders was much lower than expected (27% instead of 50%). Statistical evaluation of changes in metric tinnitus variables and treatment responses indicated only numerical, but not statistical superiority for personalized rTMS compared to standard treatment. Conclusions: The current stage of investigation does not allow for a clear conclusion about the therapeutic advantages of personalized rTMS for tinnitus based on test session responses. The feasibility of this approach is primarily limited by the low test session response rate.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Schoisswohl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (B.L.); (T.H.); (M.A.A.)
- Department of Psychology, Bundeswehr University Munich, 85577 Neubiberg, Germany
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.)
| | - Berthold Langguth
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (B.L.); (T.H.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Tobias Hebel
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (B.L.); (T.H.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Veronika Vielsmeier
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany;
| | - Mohamed A. Abdelnaim
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (B.L.); (T.H.); (M.A.A.)
| | - Martin Schecklmann
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, 93053 Regensburg, Germany; (B.L.); (T.H.); (M.A.A.)
- Correspondence: (S.S.); (M.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Huang B, Wang X, Wei F, Sun Q, Sun J, Liang Y, Chen H, Zhuang H, Xiong G. Notched Sound Alleviates Tinnitus by Reorganization Emotional Center. Front Hum Neurosci 2022; 15:762492. [PMID: 35153700 PMCID: PMC8832119 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2021.762492] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2021] [Accepted: 12/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BackgroundTinnitus is a common disease, and sound therapy is an effective method to alleviate it. Previous studies have shown that notched sound not only changes levels of cortical blood oxygen, but affects blood oxygen in specific cerebral cortical areas, such as Brodmann area 46 (BA46), which is associated with emotion. Extensive evidence has confirmed that tinnitus is closely related to emotion. Whether notched sound plays a role in regulating the emotional center is still unclear.MethodsThis study included 29 patients with newly diagnosed chronic tinnitus who were treated with notched sound. Functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) was conducted before and after treatment to observe bilateral changes in cortical blood oxygen in the cerebral hemispheres. We compared the changes in connectivity between the two regions of interest (the superior temporal gyrus and BA46), as wells as other cortical regions before and after treatment.ResultsThe results showed (1) That global connectivity between the bilateral auditory cortex of the superior temporal sulcus and the ipsilateral cortex did not change significantly between baseline and the completion of treatment, and (2) That the connectivity between channel 14 and the right superior temporal sulcus decreased after treatment. The overall connectivity between the right BA46 region and the right cortex decreased after treatment, and decreases in connectivity after treatment were specifically found for channels 10 and 14 in the right parietal lobe and channels 16, 20, 21, and 22 in the frontal lobe, while there was no significant change on the left side. There were no significant changes in the questionnaire measures of tinnitus, anxiety, or depression before and after treatment.ConclusionThe results of the study indicate that cerebral cortex reorganization occurs in tinnitus patients after submitted to treatment with notched sound for 1 month, and that notched sound decreases the connectivity between the auditory cortex and specific brain regions.SignificanceNotched sound not only regulates the auditory center through lateral inhibition, but also alleviates tinnitus by reorganizing the emotional control center.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bixue Huang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xianren Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xianren Wang,
| | - Fanqing Wei
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qiyang Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jincangjian Sun
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Yue Liang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiting Chen
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiwen Zhuang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Guanxia Xiong
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Institute of Otorhinolaryngology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, China
- Guanxia Xiong,
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Effect of tinnitus distress on auditory steady-state response amplitudes in chronic tinnitus sufferers. J Clin Neurosci 2022; 97:49-55. [PMID: 35033781 DOI: 10.1016/j.jocn.2021.11.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 10/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a bothersome disorder of primarily unknown etiology that affects a large number of people worldwide. Tinnitus distress is the most common clinical complaint by tinnitus sufferers because it strongly affects their personal and social life. Many studies have been carried out to determine the relation between tinnitus pathophysiology and electrophysiological findings such as the auditory steady-state response (ASSR). The results of such studies have been contradictory. The current study aimed to detect a possible relation between tinnitus distress and ASSR amplitudes. The tinnitus participants were divided into high and low distress subgroups according to their tinnitus handicap inventory (THI) scores. The ASSR stimuli were carrier frequencies with low (500 Hz), mid (2000 Hz), and high (4000 Hz) amplitude-modulated tones. ASSR amplitudes were calculated in anterio-frontal (F3, Fz, F4), centro-frontal (FC3, FCz, FC4), left auditory (T3, C5, C3) and right auditory (C4, T4, C6) regions of interest (ROI). Twenty-four right-handed subjects with non-pulsatile chronic tinnitus and 23 normal matched participants participated in this study. For recording ASSR amplitudes were used from 32-electrode EEG recording. Two-way repeated-measurement ANOVA was used to compare the ASSR amplitudes. The findings showed that the ASSR amplitudes in the tinnitus group with low distress were higher (better) than in the group with high distress (p < 0.001). This finding was seen in anterio-frontal and right auditory regions and at all carrier frequencies. The results indicated that there is a relation between the ASSR amplitude and the degree of tinnitus distress as measured by the THI questionnaire.
Collapse
|
30
|
Aberrant Resting-State Functional Connectivity of the Dorsal Attention Network in Tinnitus. Neural Plast 2022; 2021:2804533. [PMID: 35003251 PMCID: PMC8741389 DOI: 10.1155/2021/2804533] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2021] [Revised: 11/23/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Previous functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) analyses have shown that the dorsal attention network (DAN) is involved in the pathophysiological changes of tinnitus, but few relevant studies have been conducted, and the conclusions to date are not uniform. The purpose of this research was to test whether there is a change in intrinsic functional connectivity (FC) patterns between the DAN and other brain regions in tinnitus patients. Thirty-one patients with persistent tinnitus and thirty-three healthy controls were enrolled in this study. A group independent component analysis (ICA), degree centrality (DC) analysis, and seed-based FC analysis were conducted. In the group ICA, the tinnitus patients showed increased connectivity in the left superior parietal gyrus in the DAN compared to the healthy controls. Compared with the healthy controls, the tinnitus patients showed increased DC in the left inferior parietal gyrus and decreased DC in the left precuneus within the DAN. The clusters within the DAN with significant differences in the ICA or DC analysis between the tinnitus patients and the healthy controls were selected as regions of interest (ROIs) for seeds. The tinnitus patients exhibited significantly increased FC from the left superior parietal gyrus to several brain regions, including the left inferior parietal gyrus, the left superior marginal gyrus, and the right superior frontal gyrus, and decreased FC to the right anterior cingulate cortex. The tinnitus patients exhibited decreased FC from the left precuneus to the left inferior occipital gyrus, left calcarine cortex, and left superior frontal gyrus compared with the healthy controls. The findings of this study show that compared with healthy controls, tinnitus patients have altered functional connections not only within the DAN but also between the DAN and other brain regions. These results suggest that it may be possible to improve the disturbance and influence of tinnitus by regulating the DAN.
Collapse
|
31
|
Martins ML, Souza DDS, Cavalcante MEDOB, Barboza HN, de Medeiros JF, Dos Santos Andrade SMM, Machado DGDS, da Rosa MRD. Effect of transcranial Direct Current Stimulation for tinnitus treatment: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Neurophysiol Clin 2022; 52:1-16. [PMID: 35027291 DOI: 10.1016/j.neucli.2021.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2021] [Revised: 12/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To evaluate the effect of tDCS on tinnitus distress, loudness and psychiatric symptoms. METHODS A systematic literature search of PubMed, Web of Science, Cochrane Library, VHL, EMBASE, PsycINFO, OVID, and CINAHL databases was carried out on articles published until July 2021. Inclusion criteria were published controlled trials using tDCS intervention with tinnitus patients, using a sham/control group, and measuring tinnitus loudness, distress and/or psychiatric symptoms. A meta-analysis was performed for the overall effect as well as to compare subgroups according to tDCS target (left temporoparietal area (LTA) and dorsolateral prefrontal cortex (DLPFC)). RESULTS Fourteen articles with 1031 participants were included. Six studies applied tDCS over the DLPFC, six over the LTA and two over both areas. Although the overall meta-analysis showed that tDCS significantly decreased tinnitus loudness (SMD=-0.35; 95%CI=-0.62 to -0.08, p = 0.01) and distress (SMD=-0.50, 95%CI=-0.91 to -0.10, p = 0.02).The subgroup analysis showed a significant effect only for tDCS over LTA for loudness (SMD=-0.46, 95%CI=-0.80 to -0.12, p = 0.009), and no other area resulted in significant change. There was no significant effect of treatment on psychiatric symptoms. CONCLUSION tDCS may improve tinnitus loudness and distress with a small to moderate effect size. Despite the overall positive effect, only LTA tDCS yielded a significant effect. Further well-controlled studies with larger sample sizes and broader exploration of tDCS montages and doses are warranted.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mariana Lopes Martins
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil.
| | - Dayse da Silva Souza
- Department of Neuroscience and Cognition, Federal University of ABC, São Paulo, SP 09606-070, Brazil
| | | | - Hionara Nascimento Barboza
- Department of Speech-Language Pathology, Federal University of Paraiba, João Pessoa, PB 58051-900, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
32
|
Voytenkov VB, Ekusheva EV, Bedova MA, Komazov AA. [Transcranial magnetic stimulation for tinnitus treatment]. VOPROSY KURORTOLOGII, FIZIOTERAPII, I LECHEBNOĬ FIZICHESKOĬ KULTURY 2021; 98:74-79. [PMID: 34719911 DOI: 10.17116/kurort20219805174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
High prevalence of tinnitus, its negative influence on the quality of life and psychoemotional status of patients support need and extreme urgency of further research of various treatment methods. Rhythmic transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) is an effective method of therapy in patients with chronic tinnitus. The optimal protocol for rhythmic stimulation is low-frequency (1 Hz) rTMS with low-intensity stimuli (below 110% of the motor threshold) with a limited number of stimuli per series. There is evidence that high-frequency rTMS in the area of relatively thin temporal bones can lead to excessive stimulation of the neural structures of the auditory cortex, which is undesirable considering the pathogenesis of this condition. The use of navigation technology in rTMS has no advantage in chronic tinnitus therapy, whereas the combined use of rTMS and transcranial electrical brain stimulation to increase the treatment efficacy is under active study. Considering the attributable favorable clinical safety profile of rTMS, as well as its known positive effects on anxiety and depression that are often seen in patients with tinnitus, we can recommend more widespread use of this method in real-world settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V B Voytenkov
- Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia.,Academy of Postgraduate Education under the Federal State Budgetary Unit «Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency», Moscow, Russia.,Federal Scientific Center of Rehabilitation of the Disabled named after G.A. Albrecht, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - E V Ekusheva
- Academy of Postgraduate Education under the Federal State Budgetary Unit «Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency», Moscow, Russia.,Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| | - M A Bedova
- Research and Clinical Center for Pediatric Infectious Diseases of the Federal Medical and Biological Agency of Russia, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - A A Komazov
- Academy of Postgraduate Education under the Federal State Budgetary Unit «Federal Scientific and Clinical Center for Specialized Medical Assistance and Medical Technologies of the Federal Medical Biological Agency», Moscow, Russia.,Belgorod State University, Belgorod, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
33
|
Lee SY, Chang M, Kwon B, Choi BY, Koo JW, Moon T, De Ridder D, Vanneste S, Song JJ. Is the posterior cingulate cortex an on-off switch for tinnitus?: A comparison between hearing loss subjects with and without tinnitus. Hear Res 2021; 411:108356. [PMID: 34600166 DOI: 10.1016/j.heares.2021.108356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
As the human brain works in a Bayesian manner to minimize uncertainty toward external stimuli, the deafferented brain may generate tinnitus in an attempt to fill in missing auditory information, e.g. due to hearing loss. However, not everybody with hearing loss develops tinnitus. Understanding the differences between people with hearing loss who develop tinnitus versus those who do not offers a unique opportunity to unravel critical brain areas involved in the generation of a phantom sound. In this study, we compared resting-state quantitative electroencephalography between hearing loss patients with (HL-T) and without tinnitus (HL-NT) to identify cortical oscillatory signatures that may reveal prerequisites for the selective development of tinnitus in subjects with hearing loss. We enrolled 65 subjects with HL-NT and 65 subjects with HL-T whose tinnitus handicap inventory scores were <16 (grade 1) to minimize the bias induced by distress-induced cortical activity changes. Subjects in the HL-T and HL-NT groups were matched in terms of the bilateral hearing threshold (0.25-8 kHz) using nearest neighbor method. Compared to the HL-NT group, the HL-T group showed significantly higher activity in the right parahippocampus for the beta 1 frequency band, in the left inferior parietal lobule (IPL) for the beta 2 frequency band, and in the right IPL for the beta 3- and gamma frequency bands. Functional connectivity analyses revealed that the HL-T group had significantly higher connectivity than the HL-NT group between both parahippocampal gyri and the right IPL for the delta frequency band, and between the left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC) and right IPL for the beta 2 frequency band. These results suggest that tinnitus may be perceived only if auditory memory stored in the parahippocampus is actively linked to the IPL-based "circuit breaker" system and the circuit breaker signal is connected to the PCC-based default mode network (DMN). Thus, when the circuit breaker system regards tinnitus secondary to peripheral deafferentation as a salient event and then the DMN regards tinnitus as a norm, subjects with hearing loss may consciously perceive tinnitus. The results of this study further refine the recently proposed Bayesian model and decipher the neurobiological mechanism of the selective development of tinnitus in subjects with hearing loss.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sang-Yeon Lee
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Korea
| | - Munyoung Chang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, College of Medicine, Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | | | - Byung Yoon Choi
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Korea
| | - Ja-Won Koo
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Korea
| | - Taesup Moon
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, Seoul National University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Unit of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgical Sciences, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Lab for Clinical & Integrative Neuroscience, Trinity College of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Ireland
| | - Jae-Jin Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Gyeonggi-do, 13620, Korea..
| |
Collapse
|
34
|
Deshpande AK, Bhatt I, Rojanaworarit C. Virtual reality for tinnitus management: a randomized controlled trial. Int J Audiol 2021; 61:868-875. [PMID: 34550862 DOI: 10.1080/14992027.2021.1978568] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Sound therapy (ST) and stress reduction regimens have been successfully used to manage tinnitus. Virtual reality (VR) has been used to manage chronic conditions like intractable pain. The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the use of VR in conjunction with ST revealed additional improvements in tinnitus attributes as compared to ST alone. DESIGN This study was a randomised controlled trial (RCT) with a cross-over design. All participants received two interventions - ST alone (control) and ST with VR stimuli (experimental). ST consisted of fractal tones while VR stimuli comprised of nature videos presented via VR goggles. A multilevel mixed-effects linear regression model was used to estimate the intervention effect. STUDY SAMPLE Twenty adults with subjective, continuous, chronic tinnitus participated in the study. RESULTS After adjusting for period and baseline tinnitus loudness, significant improvements were observed in tinnitus loudness and Tinnitus Functional Index scores. Although not statistically significant, mean minimum masking levels were lower after the experimental intervention. CONCLUSIONS Study participants benefitted from the use of VR in conjunction with ST in a laboratory setting. Additional effectiveness trials and blinded RCTs will be needed before validating the use of VR for tinnitus management in clinical settings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Aniruddha K Deshpande
- The Hear-Ring Lab, Department of Speech-Language-Hearing Sciences, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA.,The Long Island AuD Consortium, Garden City, NY, USA
| | - Ishan Bhatt
- Department of Communication Sciences and Disorders, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA, USA
| | - Chanapong Rojanaworarit
- Department of Health Professions, School of Health Professions and Human Services, Hofstra University, Hempstead, NY, USA
| |
Collapse
|
35
|
Xu ZG, Xu JJ, Hu J, Wu Y, Wang D. Arterial Spin Labeling Cerebral Perfusion Changes in Chronic Tinnitus With Tension-Type Headache. Front Neurol 2021; 12:698539. [PMID: 34512515 PMCID: PMC8427518 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.698539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2021] [Accepted: 07/09/2021] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: Tinnitus is along with tension-type headache that will influence the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and accelerate the tinnitus severity. However, the potential associations between tension-type headache and tinnitus is still unknown. The current study will explore whether abnormal CBF exists in tinnitus patients and examine the effects of headache on CBF in tinnitus patients. Materials and Methods: Resting-state perfusion magnetic resonance imaging was performed in 40 chronic tinnitus patients and 50 healthy controls using pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling. Regions with CBF differences between tinnitus patients and healthy controls were investigated. The effects of headache on tinnitus for CBF changes were further explored. Correlation analyses revealed the relationship between CBF values and tinnitus distress as well as CBF values and headache degree. Results: Relative to healthy controls, chronic tinnitus showed decreased CBF, mainly in right superior temporal gyrus (STG), left middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG); the CBF in the right STG and the left MFG was negatively correlated with THQ scores (r = −0.553, p = 0.001; r = −0.399, p = 0.017). We also observed a significant effect of headache on tinnitus for CBF in the right STG. Furthermore, the headache degree was correlated positively with tinnitus distress (r = 0.594, p = 0.020). Conclusion: Decreased CBF in auditory and prefrontal cortex was observed in chronic tinnitus patients. Headache may accelerate CBF reductions in tinnitus, which may form the basis for the neurological mechanism in chronic tinnitus with tension-type headache.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Gui Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Pukou Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Jing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghua Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Pukou Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
36
|
Saeed S, Khan QU. The Pathological Mechanisms and Treatments of Tinnitus. Discoveries (Craiova) 2021; 9:e137. [PMID: 35350720 PMCID: PMC8956333 DOI: 10.15190/d.2021.16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/21/2021] [Accepted: 09/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus is defined as the ringing, hissing, clicking or roaring sounds an individual consciously perceives in the absence of an external auditory stimulus. Currently, the literature on the mechanism of tinnitus pathology is multifaceted, ranging from tinnitus generation at the cellular level to its perception at the system level. Cellular level mechanisms include increased neuronal synchrony, neurotransmission changes and maladaptive plasticity. At the system level, the role of auditory structures, non-auditory structures, changes in the functional connectivities in higher regions and tinnitus networks have been investigated. The exploration of all these mechanisms creates a holistic view on understanding the changes the pathophysiology of tinnitus undertakes. Although tinnitus percept may start at the level of cochlear nerve deafferentation, the neuronal changes in the central auditory system to the neuronal and connectivity changes in non-auditory regions, such as the limbic system, become cardinal in chronic tinnitus generation. At the present moment, some tinnitus generation mechanisms are well established (e.g., increased neuronal synchrony) whereas other mechanisms have gained more traction recently (e.g., tinnitus networks, tinnitus-distress networks) and therefore, require additional investigation to solidify their role in tinnitus pathology.
The treatments and therapeutics designed for tinnitus are numerous, with varied levels of success. They are generally two-fold: some treatments focus on tinnitus cessation (including cochlear implants, deep brain stimulation, transcranial direct current stimulation and transcranial magnetic stimulation) whereas the other set focuses on tinnitus reduction or masking (including hearing aids, sound therapy, cognitive behavioral therapy, tinnitus retraining therapy, and tailor made notched musical training). Tinnitus management has focused on implementing tinnitus masking/reducing therapies more than tinnitus cessation, since cessation treatments are still lacking in streamlined treatment protocols and long-term sustainability and efficacy of the treatment.
This review will focus on concisely exploring the current and most relevant tinnitus pathophysiology mechanisms, treatments and therapeutics.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sana Saeed
- CMH Lahore Medical College & Institute of Dentistry, Lahore, Pakistan
| | | |
Collapse
|
37
|
Xu ZG, Xu JJ, Chen YC, Hu J, Wu Y, Xue Y. Aberrant cerebral blood flow in tinnitus patients with migraine: a perfusion functional MRI study. J Headache Pain 2021; 22:61. [PMID: 34187358 PMCID: PMC8240196 DOI: 10.1186/s10194-021-01280-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE Migraine is often accompanied with chronic tinnitus that will affect the cerebral blood flow (CBF) and exacerbate the tinnitus distress. However, the potential relationship between migraine and tinnitus remains unclear. This study will investigate whether aberrant CBF patterns exist in migraine patients with tinnitus and examine the influence of migraine on CBF alterations in chronic tinnitus. MATERIALS AND METHODS Participants included chronic tinnitus patients (n = 45) and non-tinnitus controls (n = 50), matched for age, sex, education, and hearing thresholds. CBF images were collected and analyzed using arterial spin labeling (ASL) perfusion functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI). Regions with major CBF differences between tinnitus patients and non-tinnitus controls were first detected. The effects of migraine on tinnitus for CBF alterations were further examined. Correlation analyses illustrated the association between CBF values and tinnitus severity as well as between CBF and severity of migraine. RESULTS Compared with non-tinnitus controls, chronic tinnitus patients without migraine exhibited decreased CBF, primarily in right superior temporal gyrus (STG), bilateral middle frontal gyrus (MFG), and left superior frontal gyrus (SFG); decreased CBF in these regions was correlated with tinnitus distress. There was a significant effect of migraine on tinnitus for CBF in right STG and MFG. Moreover, the severity of migraine correlated negatively with CBF in tinnitus patients. CONCLUSIONS Chronic tinnitus patients exhibited reduced CBF in the auditory and prefrontal cortex. Migraine may facilitate a CBF decrease in the setting of tinnitus, which may underlie the neuropathological mechanisms of chronic tinnitus comorbid with migraine.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhen-Gui Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Pukou Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, No.166, Shanghe Road, 211899, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Jing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Yu-Chen Chen
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinghua Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, 210006, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, No.68, Changle Road, 210006, Nanjing, China.
| | - Yuan Xue
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing Pukou Central Hospital, Pukou Branch Hospital of Jiangsu Province Hospital, No.166, Shanghe Road, 211899, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
38
|
Riha C, Güntensperger D, Oschwald J, Kleinjung T, Meyer M. Application of Latent Growth Curve modeling to predict individual trajectories during neurofeedback treatment for tinnitus. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 263:109-136. [PMID: 34243885 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Tinnitus is a heterogeneous phenomenon indexed by various EEG oscillatory profiles. Applying neurofeedback (NFB) with the aim of changing these oscillatory patterns not only provides help for those who suffer from the phantom percept, but a promising foundation from which to probe influential factors. The reliable attribution of influential factors that potentially predict oscillatory changes during the course of NFB training may lead to the identification of subgroups of individuals that are more or less responsive to NFB training. The present study investigated oscillatory trajectories of delta (3-4Hz) and individual alpha (8.5-12Hz) during 15 NFB training sessions, based on a Latent Growth Curve framework. First, we found the desired enhancement of alpha, while delta was stable throughout the NFB training. Individual differences in tinnitus-specific variables and general-, as well as health-related quality of life predictors were largely unrelated to oscillatory change prior to and across the training. Only the predictors age and sex at baseline were clearly related to slow-wave delta, particularly so for older female individuals who showed higher delta power values from the start. Second, we confirmed a hierarchical cross-frequency association between the two frequency bands; however, in opposing directions to those anticipated in tinnitus. The establishment of individually tailored NFB protocols would boost this therapy's effectiveness in the treatment of tinnitus. In our analysis, we propose a conceptual groundwork toward this goal of developing more targeted treatment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Constanze Riha
- Chair of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Research Priority Program "ESIT-European School of Interdisciplinary Tinnitus Research", Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Dominik Güntensperger
- Chair of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Jessica Oschwald
- University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Tobias Kleinjung
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- Chair of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| |
Collapse
|
39
|
Malesci R, Brigato F, Di Cesare T, Del Vecchio V, Laria C, De Corso E, Fetoni AR. Tinnitus and Neuropsychological Dysfunction in the Elderly: A Systematic Review on Possible Links. J Clin Med 2021; 10:1881. [PMID: 33925344 PMCID: PMC8123622 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10091881] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 04/14/2021] [Accepted: 04/22/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Tinnitus is a common and disabling symptom often associated with hearing loss. While clinical practice frequently shows that a certain degree of psychological discomfort often characterizes tinnitus suffers, it has been recently suggested in adults as a determining factor for cognitive decline affecting attention and memory domains. The aim of our systematic review was to provide evidence for a link between tinnitus, psychological distress, and cognitive dysfunction in older patients and to focus on putative mechanisms of this relationship. METHODS We performed a systematic review, finally including 192 articles that were screened. This resulted in 12 manuscripts of which the full texts were included in a qualitative analysis. RESULTS The association between tinnitus and psychological distress, mainly depression, has been demonstrated in older patients, although only few studies addressed the aged population. Limited studies on cognitive dysfunction in aged patients affected by chronic tinnitus are hardly comparable, as they use different methods to validate cognitive impairment. Actual evidence does not allow us with certainty to establish if tinnitus matters as an independent risk factor for cognitive impairment or evolution to dementia. CONCLUSION Tinnitus, which is usually associated with age-related hearing loss, might negatively affect emotional wellbeing and cognitive capacities in older people, but further studies are required to improve the evidence.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rita Malesci
- Audiology Section, Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry Department, “Federico II” University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (V.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Francesca Brigato
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (T.D.C.); (E.D.C.)
| | - Tiziana Di Cesare
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (T.D.C.); (E.D.C.)
| | - Valeria Del Vecchio
- Audiology Section, Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry Department, “Federico II” University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (V.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Carla Laria
- Audiology Section, Neuroscience, Reproductive Sciences and Dentistry Department, “Federico II” University, via Pansini 5, 80131 Naples, Italy; (R.M.); (V.D.V.); (C.L.)
| | - Eugenio De Corso
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (T.D.C.); (E.D.C.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| | - Anna Rita Fetoni
- Department of Otolaryngology Head & Neck Surgery, School of Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Largo F. Vito 1, 00168 Rome, Italy; (F.B.); (T.D.C.); (E.D.C.)
- Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli IRCCS, Largo A. Gemelli 8, 00168 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
40
|
To WT, Song JJ, Mohan A, De Ridder D, Vanneste S. Thalamocortical dysrhythmia underpin the log-dynamics in phantom sounds. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 262:511-526. [PMID: 33931194 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Wing Ting To
- Department of Health & Lifestyle Sciences, University of Applied Sciences, Howest, Kortrijk, Belgium
| | - Jae-Jin Song
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| | - Anusha Mohan
- Global Brain Health Institute & Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Dirk De Ridder
- Department of Surgical Sciences, Section of Neurosurgery, Dunedin School of Medicine, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand
| | - Sven Vanneste
- Global Brain Health Institute & Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland.
| |
Collapse
|
41
|
Leao MT, Machetanz K, Sandritter J, Liebsch M, Stengel A, Tatagiba M, Naros G. Repetitive Transcranial Magnetic Stimulation for Tinnitus Treatment in Vestibular Schwannoma: A Pilot Study. Front Neurol 2021; 12:646014. [PMID: 33912127 PMCID: PMC8072380 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2021.646014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Vestibular schwannomas (VS) are brain tumors affecting the vestibulocochlear nerve. Thus, VS patients suffer from tinnitus (TN). While the pathophysiology is mainly unclear, there is an increasing interest in repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS) for TN treatment. However, the results have been divergent. In addition to the methodological aspects, the heterogeneity of the patients might affect the outcome. Yet, there is no study evaluating rTMS exclusively in VS-associated tinnitus. Thus, the present pilot study evaluates low-frequency rTMS to the right dorsolateral pre-frontal cortex (DLPFC) in a VS-associated tinnitus. Methods: This prospective pilot study enrolled nine patients with a monoaural VS-associated tinnitus ipsilateral to the tumor. Patients were treated with a 10-day rTMS regime (1 Hz, 100% RMT, 1,200 pulses, right DLPFC). The primary endpoint of the study was the reduction of TN distress (according to the Tinnitus Handicap Inventory, THI). The secondary endpoint was a reduction of TN intensity (according to the Tinnitus Matching Test, TMT) and the evaluation of factors predicting tinnitus outcome (i.e., hearing impairment, TN duration, type of tinnitus). Results: No complications or side effects occurred. There was one drop-out due to a non-responsiveness of the complaint. There was a significant acute effect of rTMS on the THI and TMT. However, there was no significant long-term effect after 4 weeks. While the THI failed to detect any clinically relevant acute effect of rTMS in 56% of the patients, TMT revealed a reduction of TN intensity for more than 20 in 89% and for more than 50 in 56% of the patients. Notably, the acute effect of rTMS was influenced by the TN type and duration. In general, patients with a tonal TN and shorter TN duration showed a better response to the rTMS therapy. Conclusion: The present pilot study is the first one to exclusively evaluate the effect of low-frequency rTMS to the right DLPFC in a VS-associated tinnitus. Our results prove the feasibility and the efficacy of rTMS in this patient cohort. There is a significant acute but a limited long-term effect. In addition, there is evidence that patients with a tonal tinnitus and shorter tinnitus duration might have the strongest benefit. A larger, randomized controlled study is necessary to prove these initial findings.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Teresa Leao
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany.,Section Psychooncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Kathrin Machetanz
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Joey Sandritter
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Marina Liebsch
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Andreas Stengel
- Section Psychooncology, Comprehensive Cancer Center Tuebingen-Stuttgart, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Department of Psychosomatic Medicine and Psychotherapy, University Hospital Tuebingen, Tuebingen, Germany.,Charité Center for Internal Medicine and Dermatology, Department for Psychosomatic Medicine, Charité-Universitätsmedizin Berlin, Corporate Member of Freie Universität Berlin, Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin and Berlin Institute of Health, Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcos Tatagiba
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| | - Georgios Naros
- Department of Neurosurgery and Neurotechnology, Eberhard Karls University, Tuebingen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
42
|
Brueggemann P, Neff PKA, Meyer M, Riemer N, Rose M, Mazurek B. On the relationship between tinnitus distress, cognitive performance and aging. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 262:263-285. [PMID: 33931184 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2021.01.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
In this study we analyzed psychometric data of 107 individuals who suffer from chronic subjective tinnitus. In particular, we elucidated the relationship between tinnitus-related distress, psychological comorbidities, age, and hearing, and the performance in cognitive concentration and interference tests. Previous research has provided first evidence that individuals with tinnitus may have deficits in cognitive tasks. The present study aimed at extending former research by investigating the relationship between tinnitus distress and cognition. Statistical analyses comprised correlation and regression approaches. We observed a significant relationship between tinnitus distress (tinnitus score, TQ), age and hearing loss and the performance in tests on selective and sustained attention (d2 test) and cognitive interference (Stroop test). Tinnitus distress was identified as the most important predictor of cognitive performance (additionally age for cognitive interference). For other psychometric variables (perceived stress, PSQ; self-efficacy, optimism and pessimism, SWOP) and hearing loss we could not find any meaningful relationship with cognitive performance. The results clearly point to a (currently non-causal) relationship between cognitive skills and distress of tinnitus-related symptoms. Furthermore, the influence of age is noteworthy as this finding implies that with increasing age an appropriate coping with aversive tinnitus symptoms based on proper cognitive functions and age-related hearing dysfunctions, namely inhibition, may become more difficult. Hence, it is suggested to consider cognitive tests as a supplementary measurement in clinical assessment of tinnitus and to raise awareness for the impairing influence of tinnitus on cognition in daily life.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Patrick K A Neff
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Regensburg, Regensburg, Germany; University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Martin Meyer
- University Research Priority Program "Dynamics of Healthy Aging", University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland; Division of Neuropsychology, Department of Psychology, University of Zurich, Zurich, Switzerland
| | - Natalie Riemer
- Tinnitus-Zentrum, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Matthias Rose
- Department of Internal Medicine and Psychosomatics, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany
| | - Birgit Mazurek
- Tinnitus-Zentrum, Charité-Universitaetsmedizin, Berlin, Germany.
| |
Collapse
|
43
|
Wei X, Lv H, Chen Q, Wang Z, Liu C, Zhao P, Gong S, Yang Z, Wang Z. Cortical Thickness Alterations in Patients With Tinnitus Before and After Sound Therapy: A Surface-Based Morphometry Study. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:633364. [PMID: 33746699 PMCID: PMC7973008 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.633364] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/12/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to explore brain surface-based morphometry cortical thickness changes in patients with idiopathic tinnitus before and after 24 weeks of sound therapy. In this prospective observational study, we recruited 33 tinnitus patients who had undergone 24 weeks of sound therapy and 26 matched healthy controls. For the two groups of subjects, a 3D-BRAVO pulse sequence was acquired both at baseline and at the 24th week. Structural image data preprocessing was performed using the DPABISurf toolbox. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score was assessed to determine the severity of tinnitus before and after treatment. Two-way mixed-model analysis of variance (ANOVA) and Pearson’s correlation analysis were used in the statistical analysis. Student–Newman–Keuls (SNK) tests were used in the post hoc analysis. Significantly lower cortical thickness was found in the left somatosensory and motor cortex (SMC), left posterior cingulate cortex (PCC), and right orbital and polar frontal cortex (OPFC) of the participants in the tinnitus group at baseline than in the participants in the HC group at baseline and after 24 weeks; in the tinnitus group, significantly higher cortical thickness was found after the 24 weeks sound therapy in comparison to the baseline in the left SMC, bilateral superior parietal cortex (SPC), left inferior parietal cortex (IPC), left PCC, and right OPFC. In the HC group, no statistically significant difference in cortical thickness was found after the 24 weeks treatment in comparison to the baseline in the bilateral SMC, bilateral SPC, left IPC, left PCC, or right OPFC. The changes in cortical thickness before and after sound therapy can provide certain reference values for clinical tinnitus treatment. These brain regions could serve as potential targets for neuroimaging.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wei
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaodi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shusheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
44
|
Hu J, Cui J, Xu JJ, Yin X, Wu Y, Qi J. The Neural Mechanisms of Tinnitus: A Perspective From Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:621145. [PMID: 33642982 PMCID: PMC7905063 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.621145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2020] [Accepted: 01/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Tinnitus refers to sound perception in the absence of external sound stimulus. It has become a worldwide problem affecting all age groups especially the elderly. Tinnitus often accompanies hearing loss and some mood disorders like depression and anxiety. The comprehensive adverse effects of tinnitus on people determine the severity of tinnitus. Understanding the mechanisms of tinnitus and related discomfort may be beneficial to the prevention and treatment, and then getting patients out of tinnitus distress. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is a powerful technique for characterizing the intrinsic brain activity and making us better understand the tinnitus neural mechanism. In this article, we review fMRI studies published in recent years on the neuroimaging mechanisms of tinnitus. The results have revealed various neural network alterations in tinnitus patients, including the auditory system, limbic system, default mode network, attention system, and some other areas involved in memory, emotion, attention, and control. Moreover, changes in functional connectivity and neural activity in these networks are related to the perception, persistence, and severity of tinnitus. In summary, the neural mechanism of tinnitus is a complex regulatory mechanism involving multiple networks. Future research is needed to study these neural networks more accurately to refine the tinnitus models.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jinghua Hu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jinluan Cui
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jin-Jing Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xindao Yin
- Department of Radiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuanqing Wu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Jianwei Qi
- Department of Otolaryngology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| |
Collapse
|
45
|
Mohagheghian F, Khajehpour H, Samadzadehaghdam N, Eqlimi E, Jalilvand H, Makkiabadi B, Deevband MR. Altered effective brain network topology in tinnitus: An EEG source connectivity analysis. Biomed Signal Process Control 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bspc.2020.102331] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
46
|
Metabolic changes in the brain and blood of rats following acoustic trauma, tinnitus and hyperacusis. PROGRESS IN BRAIN RESEARCH 2021; 262:399-430. [PMID: 33931189 DOI: 10.1016/bs.pbr.2020.09.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been increasingly recognized that tinnitus is likely to be generated by complex network changes. Acoustic trauma that causes tinnitus induces significant changes in multiple metabolic pathways in the brain. However, it is not clear whether those metabolic changes in the brain could also be reflected in blood samples and whether metabolic changes could discriminate acoustic trauma, hyperacusis and tinnitus. We analyzed brain and serum metabolic changes in rats following acoustic trauma or a sham procedure using metabolomics. Hearing levels were recorded before and after acoustic trauma and behavioral measures to quantify tinnitus and hyperacusis were conducted at 4 weeks following acoustic trauma. Tissues from 11 different brain regions and serum samples were collected at about 3 months following acoustic trauma. Among the acoustic trauma animals, eight exhibited hyperacusis-like behavior and three exhibited tinnitus-like behavior. Using Gas chromatography-mass spectrometry and multivariate statistical analysis, significant metabolic changes were found in acoustic trauma animals in both the brain and serum samples with a number of metabolic pathways significantly perturbated. Furthermore, metabolic changes in the serum were able to differentiate sham from acoustic trauma animals, as well as sham from hyperacusis animals, with high accuracy. Our results suggest that serum metabolic profiling in combination with machine learning analysis may be a promising approach for identifying biomarkers for acoustic trauma, hyperacusis and potentially, tinnitus.
Collapse
|
47
|
Wei X, Lv H, Chen Q, Wang Z, Liu C, Zhao P, Gong S, Yang Z, Wang Z. Neuroanatomical Alterations in Patients With Tinnitus Before and After Sound Therapy: A Combined VBM and SCN Study. Front Hum Neurosci 2021; 14:607452. [PMID: 33536889 PMCID: PMC7847901 DOI: 10.3389/fnhum.2020.607452] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/30/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Many neuroanatomical alterations have been detected in patients with tinnitus in previous studies. However, little is known about the morphological and structural covariance network (SCN) changes before and after long-term sound therapy. This study aimed to explore alterations in brain anatomical and SCN changes in patients with idiopathic tinnitus using voxel-based morphometry (VBM) analysis 24 weeks before and after sound therapy. Thirty-three tinnitus patients underwent magnetic resonance imaging scans at baseline and after 24 weeks of sound therapy. Twenty-six age- and sex-matched healthy control (HC) individuals also underwent two scans over a 24-week interval; 3.0T MRI and high-resolution 3D structural images were acquired with a 3D-BRAVO pulse sequence. Structural image data preprocessing was performed using the VBM8 toolbox. The Tinnitus Handicap Inventory (THI) score was assessed for the severity of tinnitus before and after treatment. Two-way mixed model analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post hoc analyses were performed to determine differences between the two groups (patients and HCs) and between the two scans (at baseline and on the 24th week). Student-Newman-Keuls (SNK) tests were used in the post hoc analysis. Interaction effects between the two groups and the two scans demonstrated significantly different gray matter (GM) volume in the right parahippocampus gyrus, right caudate, left superior temporal gyrus, left cuneus gyrus, and right calcarine gyrus; we found significantly decreased GM volume in the above five brain regions among the tinnitus patients before sound therapy (baseline) compared to that in the HC group. The 24-week sound therapy group demonstrated significantly greater brain volume compared with the baseline group among these brain regions. We did not find significant differences in brain regions between the 24-week sound therapy and HC groups. The SCN results showed that the left superior temporal gyrus and left rolandic operculum were significantly different in nodal efficiency, nodal degree centrality, and nodal betweenness centrality after FDR correction. This study characterized the effect of sound therapy on brain GM volume, especially in the left superior temporal lobe. Notably, sound therapy had a normalizing effect on tinnitus patients.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Wei
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Han Lv
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Qian Chen
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhaodi Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chunli Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Pengfei Zhao
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shusheng Gong
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenghan Yang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhenchang Wang
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Friendship Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| |
Collapse
|
48
|
The Neural Bases of Tinnitus: Lessons from Deafness and Cochlear Implants. J Neurosci 2021; 40:7190-7202. [PMID: 32938634 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.1314-19.2020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2019] [Revised: 08/05/2020] [Accepted: 08/08/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Subjective tinnitus is the conscious perception of sound in the absence of any acoustic source. The literature suggests various tinnitus mechanisms, most of which invoke changes in spontaneous firing rates of central auditory neurons resulting from modification of neural gain. Here, we present an alternative model based on evidence that tinnitus is: (1) rare in people who are congenitally deaf, (2) common in people with acquired deafness, and (3) potentially suppressed by active cochlear implants used for hearing restoration. We propose that tinnitus can only develop after fast auditory fiber activity has stimulated the synapse formation between fast-spiking parvalbumin positive (PV+) interneurons and projecting neurons in the ascending auditory path and coactivated frontostriatal networks after hearing onset. Thereafter, fast auditory fiber activity promotes feedforward and feedback inhibition mediated by PV+ interneuron activity in auditory-specific circuits. This inhibitory network enables enhanced stimulus resolution, attention-driven contrast improvement, and augmentation of auditory responses in central auditory pathways (neural gain) after damage of slow auditory fibers. When fast auditory fiber activity is lost, tonic PV+ interneuron activity is diminished, resulting in the prolonged response latencies, sudden hyperexcitability, enhanced cortical synchrony, elevated spontaneous γ oscillations, and impaired attention/stress-control that have been described in previous tinnitus models. Moreover, because fast processing is gained through sensory experience, tinnitus would not exist in congenital deafness. Electrical cochlear stimulation may have the potential to reestablish tonic inhibitory networks and thus suppress tinnitus. The proposed framework unites many ideas of tinnitus pathophysiology and may catalyze cooperative efforts to develop tinnitus therapies.
Collapse
|
49
|
Abstract
This volume has highlighted the many recent advances in tinnitus theory, models, diagnostics, therapies, and therapeutics. But tinnitus knowledge is far from complete. In this chapter, contributors to the Behavioral Neuroscience of Tinnitus consider emerging topics and areas of research needed in light of recent findings. New research avenues and methods to explore are discussed. Issues pertaining to current assessment, treatment, and research methods are outlined, along with recommendations on new avenues to explore with research.
Collapse
|
50
|
Han BI, Lee HW, Ryu S, Kim JS. Tinnitus Update. J Clin Neurol 2021; 17:1-10. [PMID: 33480192 PMCID: PMC7840320 DOI: 10.3988/jcn.2021.17.1.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This article provides an update on tinnitus for audiologists and other clinicians who provide tinnitus-specific services. Tinnitus can be attributable to hearing loss, somatosensory system dysfunction, or auditory cortex dysfunction, with hearing loss being the most common cause and serious underlying pathologies being rare. Hearing loss does not always lead to tinnitus, and patients with tinnitus do not always suffer from hearing loss. The first scenario is explained by a so-called inhibitory gating mechanism, whereas the second assumes that all tinnitus sufferers have some degree of hearing impairment, which might not be detected in standard audiological examinations. The treatments should aim at symptomatic relief and management of associated distress. Current treatment options include pharmacotherapy, education, counseling, cognitive behavioral therapy, and sound therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ho Won Lee
- Department of Neurology, Kyungpook National University, Daegu, Korea
| | - Sanghyo Ryu
- Department of Neurology, Haedong Hospital, Busan, Korea.
| | - Ji Soo Kim
- Department of Neurology, Seoul National University Bundang Hospital, Seongnam, Korea
| |
Collapse
|