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Harray A, Herrmann S, Papendorf H, Miller C, Vermeersch A, Smith T, Lucas M. Plastics in human diets: development and evaluation of the 24-h Dietary Recall - Plastic Exposure and the Dietary Plastics Score. Front Nutr 2024; 11:1443792. [PMID: 39360279 PMCID: PMC11444960 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2024.1443792] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 08/22/2024] [Indexed: 10/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Humans are commonly exposed to plastic through their dietary intake and food consumption patterns. Plastic-associated chemicals (PAC), such as bisphenols and phthalates, are recognized as endocrine-disrupting and are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease and metabolic syndrome. However, accurate methods to assess dietary exposure to plastic products and PAC are inadequate, limiting interrogation of health impacts. Aim To develop a tool that captures complete dietary exposure to plastics and establish a diet quality score to measure adherence to a low plastic dietary pattern. Methods We developed the 24-h Dietary Recall - Plastic Exposure (24DR-PE) and administered it to healthy adults (n = 422). This computer-assisted, interviewer-administered tool systematically collects data on food volumes and types, packaging materials, storage, processing, cooking, and consumption methods to assess a food's exposure to plastic. Specifically, the 24DR-PE incorporates predefined criteria for identifying high-risk practices and food characteristics, such as individually packaged items or those microwaved in plastic, enabling the assignment of scores based on a theoretically derived Dietary Plastics Scoring Matrix. Conclusion The 24DR-PE is the first tool specifically designed to capture detailed data on dietary exposures to plastic products. The next step is to validate the score using laboratory results of urine samples we collected contemporaneous to the dietary information. Once validated, the tool has potential for widespread distribution making it valuable for population monitoring, intervention guidance, and future research investigating the interplay between plastics, diet, and human health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amelia Harray
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Children’s Diabetes Centre, The Kids Research Institute Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- School of Population Health, Curtin University, Bentley, WA, Australia
| | - Susan Herrmann
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Hannah Papendorf
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Claire Miller
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Andrea Vermeersch
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Tony Smith
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
| | - Michaela Lucas
- Medical School, The University of Western Australia, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Immunology, PathWest Laboratory Medicine, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
- Department of Immunology, Perth Children’s Hospital, Nedlands, WA, Australia
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Drapeau V, Laramée C, Lafreniere J, Trottier C, Brochu C, Robitaille J, Lamarche B, Lemieux S. Assessing the relative validity of a web-based self-administered 24-hour dietary recall in a Canadian adolescent's population. Nutr J 2024; 23:66. [PMID: 38907225 PMCID: PMC11191218 DOI: 10.1186/s12937-024-00954-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/23/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Healthy eating habits at a young age are crucial to support growth and development and good general health. In this context, monitoring youth dietary intakes adequately with valid tools is important to develop efficient interventions and identify groups that are more at risk of inadequate intakes. This study aimed to assess the relative validity of the self-administered web-based 24-h dietary recall (R24W) for evaluating energy and nutrient intakes among active adolescents. METHODS Participants were invited to complete one interviewer-administered 24-h dietary dietary recall and the R24W on up to three occasions within one month. A total of 272 French-speaking active adolescents aged 12 to 17 years from the province of Québec were invited to complete three R24W and one interview-administered 24-h recall. Student's t-test and correlations were conducted on sex-adjusted data. Percent differences, cross-classification (percentage of agreement), weighted Kappa and Bland-Altman plots were calculated. RESULTS Mean (SD) energy intake from the R24W was 8.8% higher than from the interview-administered 24-h dietary recall (2558 kcal ± 1128 vs. 2444 kcal ± 998, p < 0.05). Significant differences in mean nutrient intake between the R24W and the interview-administered 24-h dietary recall ranged from 6.5% for % E from fat (p < 0.05) to 25.2% for saturated fat (p < 0.001), i.e., higher values with R24W. Sex-adjusted correlations were significant for all nutrients except for % E from proteins and thiamin (range: 0.24 to 0.52, p < 0.01). Cross-classification demonstrated that 36.6% of the participants were classified in the same fourth with both methods, 39.6% in the adjacent fourth, and 5.7% misclassified. Bland-Atman plots revealed proportional bias between the two methods for 7/25 nutrients. Completing at least two recalls with the R24W increased the precision of intake estimates. CONCLUSION These data suggest that the R24W presents an acceptable relative validity compared to a standard interview-administered 24-h recall for estimating energy and most nutrients in a cohort of French-speaking adolescents from the province of Québec.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vicky Drapeau
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval Québec, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada.
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada.
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, G1V 4G5, Québec, Canada.
| | - Catherine Laramée
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | | | - Christiane Trottier
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval Québec, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - Charlotte Brochu
- Department of Kinesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Université Laval Québec, 2300, rue de la Terrasse, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
- Quebec Heart and Lung Institute Research Center, Université Laval, G1V 4G5, Québec, Canada
| | - Julie Robitaille
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - Benoît Lamarche
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
| | - Simone Lemieux
- School of Nutrition, Laval University, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
- Centre Nutrition, Santé et Société (NUTRISS), Institut sur la nutrition et les aliments fonctionnels (INAF), Université Laval, G1V 0A6, Québec, Canada
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Charpentier N, Dumas A, Morisset AS, Fontaine-Bisson B. Evaluation of the Olo Prenatal Nutrition Follow-up Care for Vulnerable Pregnant Women. CAN J DIET PRACT RES 2024; 85:2-11. [PMID: 37220174 DOI: 10.3148/cjdpr-2023-006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Olo nutritional follow-up care offers vulnerable pregnant women food vouchers, multivitamin supplements, tools, and nutritional counselling to support healthy pregnancy outcomes.Purpose: To evaluate the contribution of Olo follow-up care to nutritional intakes and eating practices, as well as to assess the programme-related experience of participants.Methods: Participants (n = 30) responded to questionnaires and web-based 24-hour dietary recalls and participated in a semi-structured interview (n = 10).Results: Olo follow-up care reduced the proportion of participants below the recommended intake for groups for many micronutrients, with the greatest reduction for folate (by 96.7%), vitamin D (by 93.3%), iron (by 70.0%), calcium (by 50.0%), and zinc (by 30.0%), mainly due to the prenatal multivitamin supplements. Most participants (96.7%) did not follow Olo's typical recommendations but, if they had, hypothetically they would have consumed an average of 746 additional calories per day and be above the recommendations for excessive intakes of folic acid and iron (100% and 33.3%, respectively). More than half of the participants were moderately to severely food insecure. Olo contributed to reducing the impact of isolation and increased food accessibility and budget flexibility among participants.Conclusion: Olo follow-up care helped reduce the proportion of women below the recommended intake for micronutrients, but revising the food offered and strategies to address food insecurity may be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noémie Charpentier
- Interdisciplinary School of Health Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | - Alex Dumas
- School of Human Kinetics, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
| | | | - Bénédicte Fontaine-Bisson
- School of Nutrition Sciences, University of Ottawa, Ottawa, ON
- Institut du savoir Montfort, Montfort Hospital, Ottawa, ON
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Hill EB, Cubellis LT, Wexler RK, Taylor CA, Spees CK. Differences in Adherence to American Heart Association's Life's Essential 8, Diet Quality, and Weight Loss Strategies Between Those With and Without Recent Clinically Significant Weight Loss in a Nationally Representative Sample of US Adults. J Am Heart Assoc 2023; 12:e026777. [PMID: 37026539 PMCID: PMC10227268 DOI: 10.1161/jaha.122.026777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 04/08/2023]
Abstract
Background The American Heart Association defines ideal cardiovascular health based on 8 risk factors (Life's Essential 8 [LE8]); a high LE8 score (range 0-100) reflects greater adherence to their recommendations. Weight status influences cardiovascular health, yet individuals may use detrimental diet and weight loss strategies to improve weight status. We assessed differences in LE8 adherence, diet quality, and weight loss strategies between those with and without a recent history of clinically significant weight loss (CSWL). Methods and Results Data from 2007 to 2016 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey questionnaires, clinical measures, and 24-hour dietary recalls were assessed to determine LE8 adherence, diet quality (Healthy Eating Index), and weight loss strategies between adults with: (1) intentional CSWL ≥5%; and (2) non-CSWL <5%, weight maintenance, or weight gain over the past 12 months using ANCOVA and chi-square tests. Those with CSWL demonstrated higher scores for diet quality (P=0.014), physical activity (P<0.001), and blood lipids (P<0.001). Those without CSWL reported lower BMI (P<0.001). There were no differences in total LE8 cardiovascular health scores between those with and without CSWL. More individuals with CSWL reported weight loss strategies of exercising (P=0.016); those without CSWL reported skipping meals (P=0.002) and using prescription diet pills (P<0.001). Conclusions Greater adherence to the LE8 recommendations was observed among individuals with CSWL, although overall LE8 scores were low. Future research should address the implementation of evidence-based strategies that improve diet quality while promoting optimal cardiovascular health among those with intent to lose weight.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emily B. Hill
- Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Lauren T. Cubellis
- Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Randell K. Wexler
- Department of Family Medicine and Community MedicineThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Christopher A. Taylor
- Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
- Department of Family Medicine and Community MedicineThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
| | - Colleen K. Spees
- Medical Dietetics, School of Health and Rehabilitation SciencesThe Ohio State University College of MedicineColumbusOHUSA
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Murai U, Tajima R, Matsumoto M, Sato Y, Horie S, Fujiwara A, Koshida E, Okada E, Sumikura T, Yokoyama T, Ishikawa M, Kurotani K, Takimoto H. Validation of Dietary Intake Estimated by Web-Based Dietary Assessment Methods and Usability Using Dietary Records or 24-h Dietary Recalls: A Scoping Review. Nutrients 2023; 15:nu15081816. [PMID: 37111035 PMCID: PMC10141001 DOI: 10.3390/nu15081816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2023] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/05/2023] [Indexed: 04/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The goal was to summarize studies comparing the accuracy of web-based dietary assessments with those of conventional face-to-face or paper-based assessments using 24-h dietary recall or dietary record methods in the general population. Using two databases, mean differences and correlation coefficients (CCs) for intakes of energy, macronutrients, sodium, vegetables, and fruits were extracted from each study independently by the authors. We also collected information regarding usability from articles reporting this. From 17 articles included in this review, the mean dietary intake differences in the web-based dietary assessment compared to conventional methods, were -11.5-16.1% for energy, -12.1-14.9% for protein, -16.7-17.6% for fat, -10.8-8.0% for carbohydrates, -11.2-9.6% for sodium, -27.4-3.9% for vegetables, and -5.1-47.6% for fruits. The CC was 0.17-0.88 for energy, protein, fat, carbohydrates, and sodium, and 0.23-0.85 for vegetables and fruits. In three out of four studies reporting usability, more than half of the participants preferred the web-based dietary assessment. In conclusion, % difference and CC of dietary intake were acceptable in both web-based dietary records and 24-h dietary recalls. The findings from this review highlight the possibility of wide-spread application of the web-based dietary assessment in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Utako Murai
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Ryoko Tajima
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Mai Matsumoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Yoko Sato
- Department of the Science of Living, Kyoritsu Women's Junior College, Tokyo 101-8437, Japan
| | - Saki Horie
- Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Keio University School of Medicine, Tokyo 160-8582, Japan
| | - Aya Fujiwara
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
- Department of Epidemiology and Prevention, Center for Clinical Sciences, National Center for Global Health and Medicine, Tokyo 162-8655, Japan
| | - Emiko Koshida
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Emiko Okada
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Tomoko Sumikura
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
| | - Tetsuji Yokoyama
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan
| | - Midori Ishikawa
- Department of Health Promotion, National Institute of Public Health, Wako 351-0197, Japan
| | - Kayo Kurotani
- Faculty of Food and Health Sciences, Showa Women's University, Tokyo 154-8533, Japan
| | - Hidemi Takimoto
- Department of Nutritional Epidemiology and Shokuiku, National Institute of Health and Nutrition, National Institutes of Biomedical Innovation, Health and Nutrition, Kento Innovation Park NK Building, 3-17 Shinmachi, Settsu City, Osaka 566-0002, Japan
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Andrade JM, Grandoff PG, Schneider ST. Vitamin D Intake and Factors Associated With Self-Reported Vitamin D Deficiency Among US Adults: A 2021 Cross-Sectional Study. Front Nutr 2022; 9:899300. [PMID: 35634404 PMCID: PMC9131078 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.899300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vitamin D deficiency is a global issue that may be attributed to various factors such as dietary habits, sun exposure, age, race and chronic conditions. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between vitamin D intake from food/supplements and factors that may be associated with self-reported vitamin D deficiency among US adults. A cross-sectional online study was conducted among 1,637 adults using a 38-item questionnaire. Frequency counts and percentages were tabulated and a multiple linear regression was performed. Statistical significance was determined at p < 0.05. Participants (n = 554, 33.8%) were considered vitamin D deficient and consumed an average of 347.05 ± 307.8 IUs of vitamin D through foods/beverages. The multivariate linear regression showed no statistically significant difference with vitamin D intake from foods/beverages on vitamin D deficiency status. Significant positive correlations were seen with vitamin D deficiency status and certain chronic conditions such as chronic kidney disease (p = 0.04), depression (p < 0.001), diabetes (p = 0.02), and vitamin D supplement use (p < 0.001). Significant negative correlations were observed with vitamin D deficiency status and age (p = 0.01) and sun exposure (p < 0.001). Future focus should be on educating individuals about factors associated with vitamin D to reduce the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency.
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Intake Differences between Subsequent 24-h Dietary Recalls Create Significant Reporting Bias in Adults with Obesity. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052728] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In depth understanding of the dietary patterns of individuals with obesity is needed in practice and research, in order to support dietitians and physicians in the design and implementation of nutritional management. We aimed to analyze the consistency of energy, macro-, and micronutrient reported intakes in four non-consecutive 24-h dietary recalls from 388 adults with obesity using information collected in the NutriGen Study (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT02837367). Significant decreases were identified for reported energy and several, macro- and micronutrient intakes, between the first and subsequent 24-h recalls. Significant differences of reported intakes were identified in sensitivity analyses, suggesting that the first recall (also the only one performed on site, face-to-face) might be a point of bias. A comparison of the differences in intakes between weekend and weekday, after adjustment for false discovery rate were non-statistically significant either in male, females, or in total. To overcome this potential bias, studies should be carefully conducted, starting from the design phase, through to the analysis and interpretation phases of the study. Prior to averaging specific intakes across all sessions of reporting, a preliminary analysis must be conducted to identify if a certain time point had significant differences from all other time points and overview potential sources of bias: reporting bias, training bias, or behavioral changes could be responsible for such differences.
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Potential of existing online 24-h dietary recall tools for national dietary surveys. Public Health Nutr 2021; 24:5361-5386. [PMID: 34392853 DOI: 10.1017/s1368980021003517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe existing online, 24-h dietary recall (24-h DR) tools in terms of functionalities and ability to tackle challenges encountered during national dietary surveys, such as maximising response rates and collecting high-quality data from a representative sample of the population, while minimising the cost and response burden. DESIGN A search (from 2000 to 2019) was conducted in peer-reviewed and grey literature. For each tool, information on functionalities, validation and user usability studies, and potential adaptability for integration into a new context was collected. SETTING Not country-specific. PARTICIPANTS General population. RESULTS Eighteen online 24-h DR tools were identified. Most were developed in Europe, for children ≥10 years old and/or for adults. Eight followed the five multiple-pass steps but used various methodologies and features. Almost all tools (except three) validated their nutrient intake estimates, but with high heterogeneity in methodologies. User usability was not always assessed, and rarely by applying real-time methods. For researchers, eight tools developed a web platform to manage the survey and five appeared to be easily adaptable to a new context. CONCLUSIONS Among the eighteen online 24-h DR tools identified, the best candidates to be used in national dietary surveys should be those that were validated for their intake estimates, had confirmed user and researcher usability, and seemed sufficiently flexible to be adapted to new contexts. Regardless of the tool, adaptation to another context will still require time and funding, and this is probably the most challenging step.
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Ponzo V, Pellegrini M, D’Eusebio C, Bioletto F, Goitre I, Buscemi S, Frea S, Ghigo E, Bo S. Mediterranean Diet and SARS-COV-2 Infection: Is There Any Association? A Proof-of-Concept Study. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13051721. [PMID: 34069656 PMCID: PMC8160854 DOI: 10.3390/nu13051721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2021] [Revised: 05/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this observational study was investigating the possible correlation between adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MeD) and SARS-COV-2 infection rates and severity among healthcare professionals (HCPs). An online self-administrated questionnaire (evaluating both MeD adherence and dietary habits) was filled out by HCPs working in Piedmont (Northern Italy) from 15 January to 28 February 2021. Out of the 1206 questionnaires collected, 900 were considered reliable and analyzed. Individuals who reported the SARS-COV-2 infection (n = 148) showed a significantly lower MeD score, with a lower adherence in fruit, vegetables, cereals, and olive oil consumption. In a logistic regression model, the risk of infection was inversely associated with the MeD score (OR = 0.88; 95% CI 0.81–0.97) and the consumption of cereals (OR = 0.64; 0.45–0.90). Asymptomatic individuals with SARS-COV-2 infection reported a lower intake of saturated fats than symptomatic; individuals requiring hospitalization were significantly older and reported worse dietary habits than both asymptomatic and symptomatic individuals. After combining all symptomatic individuals together, age (OR = 1.05; 1.01–1.09) and saturated fats intake (OR = 1.09; 1.01–1.17) were associated with the infection severity. HCPs who reported a SARS-COV-2 infection showed a significantly lower MeD score and cereal consumption. The infection severity was directly associated with higher age and saturated fat intake.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valentina Ponzo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Marianna Pellegrini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Chiara D’Eusebio
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Fabio Bioletto
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Ilaria Goitre
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Silvio Buscemi
- Unit of Clinical Nutrition, AOU Policlinico “P. Giaccone”, 90127 Palermo, Italy;
- Dipartimento di Promozione della Salute, Materno-Infantile, Medicina Interna e Specialistica di Eccellenza (PROMISE), University of Palermo, 90127 Palermo, Italy
| | - Simone Frea
- Cardiology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza Hospital, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy;
| | - Ezio Ghigo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
| | - Simona Bo
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Torino, 10126 Torino, Italy; (V.P.); (M.P.); (C.D.); (F.B.); (I.G.); (E.G.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-011-633-6036
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Shawahna R, Samaro S, Ahmad Z. Knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus with regard to their disease: a cross-sectional study among Palestinians of the West Bank. BMC Public Health 2021; 21:472. [PMID: 33750352 PMCID: PMC7941958 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-021-10524-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2020] [Accepted: 03/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background In Palestine, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a rapidly growing health concern. This study evaluated knowledge, attitude, and practice of patients with T2DM with regard to their disease. The study also investigated association and correlation between knowledge, attitude, and practice with sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of the patients. Predictors of higher knowledge, positive attitude, and good practice were also identified. Methods This cross-sectional study was conducted in primary healthcare facilities frequently visited by patients with T2DM across the West Bank of Palestine in the period of October 2018 to January 2019. An interviewer administered questionnaire was used to determine knowledge, attitude and practice of patients with T2DM with regard to their disease. Results Out of 300 patients invited, 220 (73.3%) patients responded. In this study, the median age was 57.0 years (51.0, 65.0), the median time elapsed since diagnosis with T2DM was 7.0 years (4.0, 14.0), the median fasting blood glucose was 150.0 mg/dL (128.8, 180.0), the median postprandial glucose was 230.0 mg/dL (200.0, 270.0), the median HbA1c was 7.8% (7.0, 8.53), and the median BMI was 28.8 kg/m2 (25.5, 33.1). The median knowledge score was 6.0/13.0 (4.5/13.0, 7.5/13.0), the median attitude score was 3.0/4.0 (2.0/4.0, 4.0/4.0), and the median practice score was 3.0 (1.0/5.0, 4.0/5.0). Having university education was strongly associated with having higher knowledge scores (p-value = 0.001). Additionally, having attended an educational program on diabetes was moderately associated with higher practice scores (p-value = 0.026). Conclusions Findings of this study highlighted the need for appropriately designed interventions to increase knowledge about T2DM among patients with low educational level. Well-designed educational programs might promote healthy practice among patients with T2DM. Future studies are still needed to assess if such interventions could be effective in improving health outcomes and quality of life of patients with T2DM in Palestine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ramzi Shawahna
- Department of Physiology, Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine & Health Sciences, New Campus, Building: 19, Office: 1340, An-Najah National University, P.O. Box 7, Nablus, Palestine. .,An-Najah BioSciences Unit, Centre for Poisons Control, Chemical and Biological Analyses, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine.
| | - Saed Samaro
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
| | - Zaid Ahmad
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, An-Najah National University, Nablus, Palestine
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