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Kumakura H, Funada R, Matsuo Y, Iwasaki T, Nakashima K, Tsuboi E, Ichikawa S. Eicosapentaenoic Acid Level Predicts Long-Term Survival and Cardiovascular or Limb Event in Peripheral Arterial Disease. Ann Vasc Dis 2024; 17:135-141. [PMID: 38919321 PMCID: PMC11196169 DOI: 10.3400/avd.oa.23-00079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Objectives: We examined the relationship between plasma eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) level and long-term all-cause death (ACD) and cardiovascular or limb events in patients with peripheral arterial disease (PAD). Method: We performed a prospective cohort study on 637 PAD patients. The endpoints were ACD, major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs), and lower extremity arterial events (LEAEs). Results: The incidences of ACD, MACEs, and LEAEs had correlation with EPA levels (p <0.05). Plasma EPA level had significant positive correlations with high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglyceride, and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), and negative correlation with C-reactive protein (CRP). In Cox stepwise multivariate analysis, lower EPA (hazard ratio [HR]: 0.996, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.993-1.000, p = 0.034), ankle brachial pressure index (ABI), body mass index, serum albumin, eGFR, age, CRP, D-dimer, critical limb ischemia, diabetes, cerebrovascular disease (CVD), and statin were related to ACD (p <0.05); lower EPA (HR: 0.997, 95% CI: 0.994-1.000, p = 0.038), ABI, serum albumin, eGFR, age, diabetes, coronary heart disease, CVD, and statin were related to MACEs (p <0.05); and lower EPA (HR: 0.988, 95% CI: 0.982-0.993, p <0.001), ABI, and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol were related to LEAEs (p <0.05). Conclusions: Low plasma EPA level was a significant risk factor for ACD, MACEs, and LEAEs in patients with PAD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hisao Kumakura
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Ryuichi Funada
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Yae Matsuo
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Toshiya Iwasaki
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Kuniki Nakashima
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Eitoshi Tsuboi
- Department of Cardiovascular Surgery, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
| | - Shuichi Ichikawa
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Cardiovascular Hospital of Central Japan (Kitakanto Cardiovascular Hospital), Shibukawa, Gunma, Japan
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Wang B, Wang H, Huang J, Zhao T. Association between Unsaturated Fatty Acid-Type Diet and Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Systematic Review with Meta-Analyses. Nutrients 2024; 16:1974. [PMID: 38931327 PMCID: PMC11206385 DOI: 10.3390/nu16121974] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Revised: 06/17/2024] [Accepted: 06/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune disorder that affects multiple organ systems, with a higher prevalence among women in their reproductive years. The disease's multifactorial etiology involves genetic, environmental, and hormonal components. Recent studies have highlighted the potential impact of dietary factors, particularly unsaturated fatty acids, on the modulation of SLE due to their anti-inflammatory properties. This meta-analysis aims to evaluate the association between unsaturated fatty acid consumption and the risk, progression, and clinical manifestations of SLE, providing evidence-based guidance for dietary management. METHODS We conducted a comprehensive search across major medical databases up to January 2024, focusing on studies that examined the intake of unsaturated fatty acids and the impact of such intake on SLE. Using the PICOS (population, intervention, comparator, outcomes, study design) framework, we included randomized controlled trials and case-control studies, assessing outcomes such as SLE activity, measured by SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI) or the British Isles Lupus Assessment Group (BILAG) index, inflammation biomarkers. Studies were analyzed using either a fixed- or random-effects model based on heterogeneity (I2 statistic), with sensitivity analyses performed to assess the robustness of the findings. RESULTS Our search included 10 studies, encompassing a wide variety of designs and populations. The meta-analysis showed that a diet rich in unsaturated fatty acids is significantly associated with a reduction in SLEDAI scores (pooled SMD) of -0.36, 95% CI: -0.61 to -0.11, p = 0.007, indicating a beneficial effect on disease activity. Additionally, we found that unsaturated fatty acid intake has a significant impact on HDL levels, suggesting a positive effect on lipid profiles. However, no significant effects were observed on levels of the inflammatory marker IL-6 or other lipid components (LDL and cholesterol). With minimal heterogeneity among studies (I2 ≤ 15%), sensitivity analysis confirmed the stability and reliability of these results, highlighting the potential role of unsaturated fatty acids in SLE management. CONCLUSIONS This meta-analysis suggests that dietary intake of unsaturated fatty acids may play a positive role in reducing SLE activity and may significantly affect HDL levels without having significant effects on inflammation markers or other lipid profiles. These findings support the inclusion of unsaturated fatty acids in the dietary management of SLE patients, although further research is required to refine dietary recommendations and explore the mechanisms underlying these associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozhou Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Hanzheng Wang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Jinge Huang
- The First School of Clinical Medicine, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China; (B.W.); (H.W.); (J.H.)
| | - Ting Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Rheumatology of Zhejiang Province, Research Institute of Chinese Medical Clinical Foundation and Immunology, College of Basic Medical Science, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 310053, China
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Scherer D, Leite BF, Morimoto MA, Oliveira TL, Klemz BNC, Freitas RAMS, Pappiani C, Damasceno NRT, Pinheiro MDM. Nutritional effect on lipoproteins and their subfractions in patients with Psoriatic Arthritis: a 12-week randomized trial-the DIETA trial. Adv Rheumatol 2024; 64:47. [PMID: 38872193 DOI: 10.1186/s42358-024-00389-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2024] [Indexed: 06/15/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients with psoriatic arthritis have some lipid metabolism changes and higher risk of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and cardiovascular diseases, regardless of traditional risk factors, suggesting that chronic inflammation itself plays a central role concerning the atherosclerosis. However, there is a lack of information regarding atherogenic pattern and lipoprotein subfractions burden in these individuals. AIM To evaluate the HDL and LDL-cholesterol plasmatic levels and their subfractions after a nutritional intervention in patients with psoriatic arthritis (PsA). METHODS This was a randomized, placebo-controlled clinical trial of a 12-week nutritional intervention. PsA patients were randomly assigned to 1-Placebo: 1 g of soybean oil daily, no dietetic intervention; 2-Diet + Supplementation: an individualized diet, supplemented with 604 mg of omega-3 fatty acids, three times a day; and 3-Diet + Placebo: individualized diet + 1 g of soybean oil. The LDL subfractions were classified as non-atherogenic (NAth), atherogenic (Ath) or highly atherogenic (HAth), whereas the HDL subfractions were classified as small, medium, or large particles, according to the current recommendation based on lipoproteins electrophoresis. RESULTS A total of 91 patients were included in the study. About 62% of patients (n = 56) had an Ath or HAth profile and the main risk factors associated were male gender, longer skin disease duration and higher BMI. Thirty-two patients (35%) had a high-risk lipoprotein profile despite having LDL plasmatic levels below 100 mg/dL. The 12-week nutritional intervention did not alter the LDL subfractions. However, there were significant improvement of HDL subfractions. CONCLUSION Recognizing the pro-atherogenic subfractions LDL pattern could be a relevant strategy for identifying PsA patients with higher cardiovascular risk, regardless total LDL plasmatic levels and disease activity. In addition, a short-term nutritional intervention based on supervised and individualized diet added to omega-3 fatty acids changed positively the HDLLARGE subfractions, while LDLLARGE subfraction was improved in hypercholesterolemic individuals. CLINICALTRIALS gov identifier: NCT03142503 ( http://www. CLINICALTRIALS gov/ ).
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniele Scherer
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil
| | - Beatriz Figueiredo Leite
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil
| | - Melissa Aparecida Morimoto
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil
| | - Thauana Luiza Oliveira
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil
| | - Barbara N Carvalho Klemz
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil
| | | | - Caroline Pappiani
- Nutrition Department, School of Public Health, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Marcelo de Medeiros Pinheiro
- Rheumatology Division, Paulista School of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo, UNIFESP/EPM), Borges Lagoa Street, 913, room 53, Vila Clementino, São Paulo/SP, 04038-034, Brazil.
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Mele VG, Chioccarelli T, Finamore R, D’Agostino A, d’Agostino M, Cimini D, Mattia M, Porreca V, Giori AM, Fasano S, Cobellis G, Schiraldi C, Chianese R, Manfrevola F. Antioxidants positively regulate obesity dependent circRNAs - sperm quality - functional axis. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2023; 14:1290971. [PMID: 38169845 PMCID: PMC10758610 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2023.1290971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 11/24/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a pathophysiological condition, dependent on body fat accumulation, that progressively induces systemic oxidative stress/inflammation leading to a set of associated clinical manifestations, including male infertility. CircRNAs, covalently closed RNA molecules, are key regulators of sperm quality. Recently, we have characterized a complete profile of high-fat diet (HFD) spermatic circRNA cargo, predicting paternal circRNA dependent networks (ceRNETs), potentially involved in sperm oxidative stress and motility anomalies. In the current work, using HFD C57BL6/J male mice, orally treated with a mix of bioactive molecules (vitamin C; vitamin B12; vitamin E; selenium-L-methionine; glutathione-GSH) for 4 weeks, a reversion of HFD phenotype was observed. In addition, the functional action of the proposed formulations on circRNA biogenesis was evaluated by assessing the endogenous spermatic FUS-dependent backsplicing machinery and related circRNA cargo. After that, spermatic viability and motility were also analyzed. Paternal ceRNETs, potentially involved in oxidative stress regulation and sperm motility defects, were identified and used to suggest that the beneficial action of the food supplements here conveniently formulated on sperm motility was likely due to the recovery of circRNA profile. Such a hypothesis was, then, verified by an in vitro assay.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vincenza Grazia Mele
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Teresa Chioccarelli
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosario Finamore
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Antonella D’Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Maria d’Agostino
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Donatella Cimini
- Department of Sciences and Environmental, Biological and Pharmaceutical Technologies, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Caserta, Italy
| | - Monica Mattia
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Veronica Porreca
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | | | - Silvia Fasano
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Gilda Cobellis
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Chiara Schiraldi
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Rosanna Chianese
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Manfrevola
- Department of Experimental Medicine, University of Campania “Luigi Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
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Flores-López A, Guevara-Cruz M, Avila-Nava A, González-Garay AG, González-Salazar LE, Reyes-Ramírez AL, Pedraza-Chaverri J, Medina-Campos ON, Medina-Vera I, Reyes-García JG, Tovar AR, Serralde-Zúñiga AE. n-3 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acid Supplementation Affects Oxidative Stress Marker Levels in Patients with Type II Intestinal Failure: A Randomized Double Blind Trial. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:1493. [PMID: 37627489 PMCID: PMC10451159 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12081493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Type II intestinal failure (IF-II) is a condition in which the gastrointestinal tract is compromised. Liver complications may occur because of the pathology and/or prolonged use of parenteral nutrition (PN); oxidative stress has been implicated as one of the causes. Lipid emulsions containing n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs) have been proposed for the treatment. We aimed to evaluate the effect of 7-day n-3 PUFA supplementation on oxidative stress in IF-II patients receiving PN. This was a randomized, controlled, double-blinded, pilot trial of adult patients with IF-II, receiving either conventional PN (control) or PN enriched with n-3 PUFAs (intervention). Twenty patients were included (14 men, 49 ± 16.9 years), with the ANCOVA analysis the glucose (p = 0.003), and direct bilirubin (p = 0.001) levels reduced; whereas the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) increased (p = 0.017). In the random-effect linear regression analysis, a reduction (p < 0.0001) in the malondialdehyde (MDA) level was found in the intervention group when the covariables age, HDL-C level, and alanine aminotransferase activity were considered. After 1 week of PN supplementation with n-3 PUFAs, the marker levels of some oxidative stress, blood lipids, and hepatic biomarkers improved in patients with IF-II.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Flores-López
- Servicio Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Martha Guevara-Cruz
- Departamento Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Azalia Avila-Nava
- Unidad de Investigación, Hospital Regional de Alta Especialidad de la Península de Yucatán, Mérida 97130, Mexico
| | | | - Luis E. González-Salazar
- Servicio Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ana L. Reyes-Ramírez
- Servicio Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José Pedraza-Chaverri
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Omar N. Medina-Campos
- Departamento de Biología, Facultad de Química, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Mexico City 04510, Mexico
| | - Isabel Medina-Vera
- Departamento de Metodología de la Investigación, Instituto Nacional de Pediatría, Mexico City 04530, Mexico
| | - Juan G. Reyes-García
- Sección de Estudios de Posgrado e Investigación, Escuela Superior de Medicina, Instituto Politécnico Nacional, Mexico City 11340, Mexico
| | - Armando R. Tovar
- Departamento Fisiología de la Nutrición, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Aurora E. Serralde-Zúñiga
- Servicio Nutriología Clínica, Instituto Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición Salvador Zubirán, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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Mititelu M, Licu M, Lupu CE, Neacșu SM, Olteanu G, Gabriela S, Drăgănescu D, Oancea CN, Busnatu ȘS, Hîncu L, Ciocîlteu MV, Lupuleasa D. Characterization of Some Dermato-Cosmetic Preparations with Marine Lipids from Black Sea Wild Stingray. Mar Drugs 2023; 21:408. [PMID: 37504939 PMCID: PMC10381174 DOI: 10.3390/md21070408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2023] [Accepted: 07/17/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The traditional knowledge about the therapeutic and nutritional value of fish has been unanimously recognized among the population since ancient times. So, thanks to the therapeutic virtues of these marine animals, it was possible to develop therapies for certain pathologies as well as the use of bioactive compounds as adjunctive therapies incorporated into the treatment regimen of patients. In the present study, stingray liver oil from wild species collected from the Romanian coast of the Black Sea was isolated and analyzed. Fatty acid analysis was performed by gas chromatography. The analysis of the distribution of fatty acids in the composition of stingray liver oil indicates a ratio of 2.83 of omega 3 fatty acids to omega 6, a ratio of 1.33 of polyunsaturated fatty acids to monounsaturated fatty acids, an iodine index of 111.85, and a total percentage of 68.98% of unsaturated fatty acids. Stingray liver oil was used to evaluate the healing action after preparing a fatty ointment. According to the experimental data, a complete regeneration capacity of the wounds was noted in 12 days without visible signs. Four emulgels with stingray liver oil were formulated and analyzed from a rheological and structural point of view in order to select the optimal composition, after which the anti-inflammatory effect on inflammation caused in laboratory rats was studied and an anti-inflammatory effect was found significant (a maximum inhibitory effect of 66.47% on the edemas induced by the 10% kaolin suspension and 65.64% on the edemas induced by the 6% dextran solution).
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Mititelu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Monica Licu
- Department of Medical Psychology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen Elena Lupu
- Department of Mathematics and Informatics, Faculty of Pharmacy, "Ovidius" University of Constanta, 6 Capitan Aviator Al. Serbanescu Street, Campus, C Block, 900001 Constanta, Romania
| | - Sorinel Marius Neacșu
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Gabriel Olteanu
- Department of Clinical Laboratory and Food Safety, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Stanciu Gabriela
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Ovidius University of Constanta, 900527 Constanta, Romania
| | - Doina Drăgănescu
- Department of Pharmaceutical and Computer Physics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Carmen-Nicoleta Oancea
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, University of Medicine and Pharmacy from Craiova, 200345 Craiova, Romania
| | - Ștefan Sebastian Busnatu
- Department of Cardio-Thoracic Pathology, Faculty of Medicine, "Carol Davila" University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 050474 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Lucian Hîncu
- Department of Drug Industry and Pharmaceutical Biotechnologies Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Carol Davila, 020956 Bucharest, Romania
| | - Maria Viorica Ciocîlteu
- Department of Analytical and Instrumental Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Medicine and Pharmacy of Craiova, Petru Rares Street, no. 2-4, 200638 Craiova, Romania
| | - Dumitru Lupuleasa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Technology and Bio-pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Carol Davila University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 020945 Bucharest, Romania
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Lyytinen AT, Yesmean M, Manninen S, Lankinen M, Bhalke M, Fredrikson L, Käkelä RT, Öörni K, Schwab US. Fatty fish consumption reduces lipophilic index in erythrocyte membranes and serum phospholipids. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2023; 33:1453-1460. [PMID: 37156666 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2023.04.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Lipophilic index (LI) has been introduced to assess the overall fatty acid lipophilicity and as a simple estimate of membrane fluidity. However, little is known on effect of diet on LI. We tested if Camelina sativa oil (CSO) high in ALA, fatty fish (FF) or lean fish (LF) affect LI as compared to control diet and, secondarily, if the LI is associated with HDL lipids and functionality and LDL lipidome. METHODS AND RESULTS We used data from two randomized clinical trials. The AlfaFish intervention lasted 12 weeks and 79 subjects with impaired glucose tolerance were randomized to FF, LF, CSO or control group. In the Fish trial, 33 subjects with myocardial infarction or unstable ischemic heart attack were randomized to FF, LF or control group for 8 weeks. LI was calculated from erythrocyte membrane fatty acids in AlfaFish and from serum phospholipids in Fish trial. HDL lipids were measured using high-throughput proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy. There was a significant decrease in LI in the FF group in the AlfaFish (fold change 0.98 ± 0.03) and in the Fish trial (0.95 ± 0.04) and the decrease differed from that of control group in both trials and from CSO group in the AlfaFish study. There were no significant changes in LI in LF or CSO groups. The mean diameter of HDL particles and concentration of large HDL particles were inversely associated with LI. CONCLUSION FF consumption decreased LI indicating better membrane fluidity in subjects with impaired glucose tolerance or coronary heart disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arja T Lyytinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland.
| | - Monira Yesmean
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Suvi Manninen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Maria Lankinen
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland
| | - Monika Bhalke
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, Helsinki, Finland; Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Linda Fredrikson
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, Helsinki, Finland; Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Reijo T Käkelä
- Helsinki University Lipidomics Unit (HiLIPID), Helsinki Institute of Life Science (HiLIFE) and Biocenter Finland, Helsinki, Finland; Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Katariina Öörni
- Molecular and Integrative Biosciences Research Programme, Faculty of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki, Helsinki, Finland; Atherosclerosis Research Laboratory, Wihuri Research Institute, Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ursula S Schwab
- Institute of Public Health and Clinical Nutrition, University of Eastern Finland, Kuopio, Finland; Department of Medicine, Endocrinology and Clinical Nutrition, Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland
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Peña-de-la-Sancha P, Muñoz-García A, Espínola-Zavaleta N, Bautista-Pérez R, Mejía AM, Luna-Luna M, López-Olmos V, Rodríguez-Pérez JM, Fragoso JM, Carreón-Torres E, Pérez-Méndez Ó. Eicosapentaenoic and Docosahexaenoic Acid Supplementation Increases HDL Content in n-3 Fatty Acids and Improves Endothelial Function in Hypertriglyceridemic Patients. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:5390. [PMID: 36982461 PMCID: PMC10049536 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24065390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 03/18/2023] Open
Abstract
High-density lipoproteins (HDLs) are known to enhance vascular function through different mechanisms, including the delivery of functional lipids to endothelial cells. Therefore, we hypothesized that omega-3 (n-3) eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA) and docosahexaenoic acid (DHA) content of HDLs would improve the beneficial vascular effects of these lipoproteins. To explore this hypothesis, we performed a placebo-controlled crossover clinical trial in 18 hypertriglyceridemic patients without clinical symptoms of coronary heart disease who received highly purified EPA 460 mg and DHA 380 mg, twice a day for 5 weeks or placebo. After 5 weeks of treatment, patients followed a 4-week washout period before crossover. HDLs were isolated using sequential ultracentrifugation for characterization and determination of fatty acid content. Our results showed that n-3 supplementation induced a significant decrease in body mass index, waist circumference as well as triglycerides and HDL-triglyceride plasma concentrations, whilst HDL-cholesterol and HDL-phospholipids significantly increased. On the other hand, HDL, EPA, and DHA content increased by 131% and 62%, respectively, whereas 3 omega-6 fatty acids significantly decreased in HDL structures. In addition, the EPA-to-arachidonic acid (AA) ratio increased more than twice within HDLs suggesting an improvement in their anti-inflammatory properties. All HDL-fatty acid modifications did not affect the size distribution or the stability of these lipoproteins and were concomitant with a significant increase in endothelial function assessed using a flow-mediated dilatation test (FMD) after n-3 supplementation. However, endothelial function was not improved in vitro using a model of rat aortic rings co-incubated with HDLs before or after treatment with n-3. These results suggest a beneficial effect of n-3 on endothelial function through a mechanism independent of HDL composition. In conclusion, we demonstrated that EPA and DHA supplementation for 5 weeks improved vascular function in hypertriglyceridemic patients, and induced enrichment of HDLs with EPA and DHA to the detriment of some n-6 fatty acids. The significant increase in the EPA-to-AA ratio in HDLs is indicative of a more anti-inflammatory profile of these lipoproteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Peña-de-la-Sancha
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Adolfo Muñoz-García
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Nilda Espínola-Zavaleta
- Department of Nuclear Medicine, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Department of Echocardiography, ABC Medical Center, I.A.P, Mexico City 01120, Mexico
| | - Rocío Bautista-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Ana María Mejía
- Blood Bank, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - María Luna-Luna
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Victoria López-Olmos
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José-Manuel Rodríguez-Pérez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - José-Manuel Fragoso
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Elizabeth Carreón-Torres
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
| | - Óscar Pérez-Méndez
- Department of Molecular Biology, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
- Tecnologico de Monterrey, School of Engineering and Sciences, Mexico City 14380, Mexico
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9
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Sergi D, Zauli E, Tisato V, Secchiero P, Zauli G, Cervellati C. Lipids at the Nexus between Cerebrovascular Disease and Vascular Dementia: The Impact of HDL-Cholesterol and Ceramides. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054403. [PMID: 36901834 PMCID: PMC10002119 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Cerebrovascular diseases and the subsequent brain hypoperfusion are at the basis of vascular dementia. Dyslipidemia, marked by an increase in circulating levels of triglycerides and LDL-cholesterol and a parallel decrease in HDL-cholesterol, in turn, is pivotal in promoting atherosclerosis which represents a common feature of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. In this regard, HDL-cholesterol has traditionally been considered as being protective from a cardiovascular and a cerebrovascular prospective. However, emerging evidence suggests that their quality and functionality play a more prominent role than their circulating levels in shaping cardiovascular health and possibly cognitive function. Furthermore, the quality of lipids embedded in circulating lipoproteins represents another key discriminant in modulating cardiovascular disease, with ceramides being proposed as a novel risk factor for atherosclerosis. This review highlights the role of HDL lipoprotein and ceramides in cerebrovascular diseases and the repercussion on vascular dementia. Additionally, the manuscript provides an up-to-date picture of the impact of saturated and omega-3 fatty acids on HDL circulating levels, functionality and ceramide metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenico Sergi
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
- Correspondence:
| | - Enrico Zauli
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Veronica Tisato
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Secchiero
- Department of Translational Medicine and LTTA Centre, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
| | - Giorgio Zauli
- King Khaled Eye Specialistic Hospital, Riyadh 11462, Saudi Arabia
| | - Carlo Cervellati
- Department of Translational Medicine, University of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy
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AbdelHafez MA. Protective and therapeutic potentials of HDL and ApoA1 in COVID-19 elderly and chronic illness patients. BULLETIN OF THE NATIONAL RESEARCH CENTRE 2022; 46:222. [PMID: 35915785 PMCID: PMC9330984 DOI: 10.1186/s42269-022-00886-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2021] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) is responsible for coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19). Elderly subjects, obese, and patients with chronic illnesses, are the most affected group. HDL has pleiotropic physiological functions that are affected with alteration(s) in its structure. MAIN TEXT Inflammation whether septic, immune, or other affects HDL structure and function. COVID-19 is associated with systemic immune-inflammation due to cytokine surge. Viral interaction with erythrocytes and hemoglobin-related compounds (may cause anemia and hypoxia) and other factors may affect HDL function. Trials have been conducted to resume HDL functions using peptide preparation, nutritional, and herbal elements. CONCLUSIONS In this review article, I'll discuss the use of reconstituted HDL (rHDL), Apo-A1 mimetic peptide D-4F, ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids, and the powdered roots and/or extract of Saussurea lappa (costus) to avoid comorbidity and mortality of COVID-19 in patients with chronic illness or elderly-age mortality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Aly AbdelHafez
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Medicine, Cairo University, Kasr AlAiny, Al-Manyal, Cairo, Cairo 11562 Egypt
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