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Verkaar AJCF, Winkels RM, Kampman E, Luik AI, Voortman T. Associations of dietary patterns with objective and subjective sleep duration and sleep quality in a population-based cohort study. Sleep Med 2024; 119:365-372. [PMID: 38761605 DOI: 10.1016/j.sleep.2024.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2024] [Revised: 04/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To examine cross-sectional and longitudinal associations of various types of dietary patterns with self-reported sleep quality and with actigraphy-estimated sleep parameters in the prospective, population-based Rotterdam Study. METHODS For each participant, scores for five different dietary patterns were derived based on food frequency questionnaires; two pre-defined scores developed to estimate adherence to the Dutch dietary guidelines and to the Mediterranean diet; and three data-driven scores indicating a prudent, unhealthy and typical Dutch diet. In 2589 participants (median age 56.9 years; 58 % female), self-rated sleep quality was assessed with the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index. In 533 participants, actigraphs were worn for an average of 6.8 days (SD: 0.7) to estimate total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, and sleep efficiency. Sleep parameters were measured at baseline and 3-6 years later. Multiple linear regression was used to assess cross-sectional and longitudinal associations. RESULTS No statistically significant associations between dietary patterns and total sleep time, sleep onset latency, wake after sleep onset, sleep efficiency and subjective sleep quality were observed in cross-sectional or longitudinal analyses. To illustrate, the effect estimate for sleep duration was 2.7 min per night (95 % CI -2.1, 7.5) per 5 point increase in Mediterranean diet score in the cross-sectional analyses. Furthermore, in longitudinal analyses, the effect estimate for sleep duration was -1.0 min per night (95 % CI -5.2, 3.1) per SD increase in the prudent diet. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that dietary patterns are not associated with sleep in this population-based cohort study. TRIAL REGISTRATION Netherlands National Trial Register and WHO International Clinical Trials Registry Platform (ICTRP; https://apps.who.int/trialsearch/) shared catalogue number NL6645/NTR6831. Registered November 13th, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Auke J C F Verkaar
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Renate M Winkels
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Ellen Kampman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands
| | - Annemarie I Luik
- Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands; Trimbos Institute, The Netherlands Institute of Mental Health and Addiction, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Trudy Voortman
- Division of Human Nutrition and Health, Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen, the Netherlands; Department of Epidemiology, Erasmus MC University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
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Ceylan B, Kocoglu-Tanyer D, Sacikara Z, Sultan Dengiz K. The relationship between chronotype and food addiction: Serial mediation of social jetlag and psychological pain. Chronobiol Int 2024; 41:485-494. [PMID: 38353208 DOI: 10.1080/07420528.2024.2315220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024]
Abstract
This study evaluates how food addiction is related to chronotype, social jetlag, and psychological pain. Of the participants (n = 1,035 university students), 16.6% had a morning chronotype, 25.1% had an evening chronotype, and 25.1% were clinically addicted to eating. The mean sleep durations for participants were 7.41 ± 2.18 h and 8.95 ± 3.0 h on weekdays and weekends, respectively. The mean misalignment time for social jetlag was 1.45 ± 1.5 h. Food addiction, psychological pain, and social jetlag levels were high among participants with the evening chronotype. The risk factors for food addiction included being female, having an evening chronotype, and having high body mass index levels and psychological pain. The total indirect effect of psychological pain and social jetlag on the relationship between chronotype and food addiction was 20.6%. However, the social jetlag effect is relatively minor compared to psychological pain. The significant conclusions of this study are as follows. Clinical food addiction is prevalent among students, and a strong direct correlation between chronotype and food addiction was observed. The study emphasizes the importance of being aware of chronotype and mental status in establishing a healthy diet and lifestyle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ceylan
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Nursing Department, Tekirdağ Namık Kemal University, Tekirdağ, Turkey
| | | | - Zeynep Sacikara
- Faculty of Nursing, Public Health Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
| | - Kubra Sultan Dengiz
- Faculty of Nursing, Public Health Department, Necmettin Erbakan University, Konya, Turkey
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3
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Fallah M, Aminianfar A, Esmaillzadeh A. Mediterranean diet adherence and sleep pattern: a systematic review of observational studies. BMC Nutr 2024; 10:45. [PMID: 38438910 PMCID: PMC10913350 DOI: 10.1186/s40795-024-00853-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2023] [Accepted: 02/20/2024] [Indexed: 03/06/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Despite a huge body of evidence on the linkage between dietary intakes and pattern of sleeping, the findings are controversial. The current study aimed to summarize earlier findings on the association between adherence to Mediterranean diet (MD) and pattern of sleeping. METHODS This study performed based on PRISMA guideline. Systematically search was applied in PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar to find out relevant publications appeared up to February 2023. No restrictions on language and time of publication were applied. Duplicate citations were removed. We included observational studies which assessed MD as the main exposure and kind of sleep disorders as the main outcome. RESULTS A total of 20 observational studies included. Out of these studies, two were cohort studies and 18 had a cross-sectional design. A total of 21,714 participants included. Usual dietary intakes were assessed using a validated Food Frequency Questionnaire, and a diet history questionnaire. Some studies did not report methods of measuring habitual dietary intakes. Adherence to MD was evaluated by KIDMED questionnaire, PREMED, alternate Mediterranean (aMed) questionnaire, MEDAS questionnaire, MedDietScore, MEDI-LITE score, modified Mediterranean Diet Score (mMDS), Mediterranean food pattern (MFP) and modified Mediterranean diet score (mMED). Pattern of sleeping was examined as sleep quality, sleep duration, sleep latency, sleep efficacy, sleepiness, sleep disturbance, taking a nap and some other sleep disorders. CONCLUSION In conclusion, findings of published studies highlighted the importance of consumption of MD for better sleep quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Melika Fallah
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box 14155-6117
| | - Azadeh Aminianfar
- Research Center for Biochemistry and Nutrition in Metabolic Diseases, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
- Department of Community Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran, P.O. Box 14155-6117.
- Obesity and Eating Habits Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Molecular - Cellular Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
- Department of Community Nutrition, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
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Ünal G, Özenoğlu A. Association of Mediterranean diet with sleep quality, depression, anxiety, stress, and body mass index in university students: A cross-sectional study. Nutr Health 2024:2601060231207666. [PMID: 38280227 DOI: 10.1177/02601060231207666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) has many beneficial effects on health. However, compliance with MD is decreasing among university students. Aim: This study aims to investigate compliance with the MD and the association of MD with sleep quality, depression, anxiety, stress, and body mass index (BMI) among university students. Methods: This cross-sectional study included 750 students of Ondokuz Mayıs University, a state university in Samsun, Türkiye. Sociodemographic data and self-reported anthropometric data (weight and height) were recorded using a survey. The Mediterranean diet quality index for children and adolescents (KIDMED), the Pittsburgh sleep quality index (PSQI), and the depression anxiety stress scale-42 (DASS-42) were self-administered. Results: Most students (59.2%) had poor KIDMED adherence. Compared to poor adherers, those with good adherence to the KIDMED had significantly lower depression scores (in males and females). Higher adherence to the KIDMED was correlated with lower depression and stress levels (in males and females) and lower PSQI scores (lower sleep disturbances) in females. The KIDMED scores of overweight females were greater than those of underweight females. Conclusion: University students show poor adherence to the MD. Low adherence to the MD may have a negative impact on depression, stress, and sleep quality. This study suggests that interventions to promote MD may help improve university students' sleep disturbances and mental health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gökçe Ünal
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Atakum, Samsun, Türkiye
| | - Aliye Özenoğlu
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Ondokuz Mayıs University, Atakum, Samsun, Türkiye
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Alotaibi MI, Elsamad G, Aljardahi AN, Alghamdi AN, Alotaibi AI, Alorabi HM, Alzahrani KM, Abdel-Moneim AS. Changes in dietary and lifestyle behaviors and mental stress among medical students upon Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting: a prospective cohort study from Taif/Saudi Arabia. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1462. [PMID: 37525238 PMCID: PMC10391762 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16385-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Intermittent fasting (IF) is a popular dietary plan for weight loss. In fact, fasting is a common practice in different religions such as Buddhism, Hinduism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam. During the month of Ramadan, more than 1.5 billion Muslims worldwide fast from dawn to sunset. Ramadan diurnal intermittent fasting (RDIF) has health benefits, including a reduction in cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk and an improvement in mood. However, little is known about the effects of RDIF on lifestyle behaviors, such as regular exercise, consuming healthy diet, and avoiding harmful substances, as well as mental stress, and academic performance in high school and university students. METHODS In this prospective cohort study, two self-reported questionnaires were sent one week before and during the last week of Ramadan (April 2022; Ramadan 1443 in Hijri Islamic Calendar) to assess changes in lifestyle, perceived stress, and academic achievement of medical students at Taif University in Taif city, Saudi Arabia. Healthy lifestyle components data were collected to calculate healthy lifestyle scores, including body mass index, physical activity, adherence to a Mediterranean diet, smoking status, and sleep duration. RESULTS RDIF was associated with a healthier lifestyle in both female and male participants (pre-RDIF mean score: 2.42 vs post-RDIF mean score: 2.74; statistical power = 0.99; P-value < 0.05). They were more active and adherent to the Mediterranean diet during RDIF. Additionally, the post-RDIF smoking rate declined by 53.4%. Male participants showed higher perceived stress scores during RDIF (pre-RDIF mean score: 19.52 vs post-RDIF mean score: 22.05; P-value < 0.01). No changes in academic performance were observed upon RDIF. CONCLUSION Medical students show healthier dietary and lifestyle behaviors and their academic performance is not affected during RDIF. However, perceived stress is higher among male students.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ghadir Elsamad
- Translational Health Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol, BS1 3NY, UK
| | | | - Ahmed N Alghamdi
- College of Medicine, Taif University, Al-Taif 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Hibah M Alorabi
- King Abdulaziz Specialist Hospital, Al-Taif 21944, Taif, Saudi Arabia
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Castelnuovo G, Perez-Diaz-Del-Campo N, Rosso C, Guariglia M, Armandi A, Nicolosi A, Caviglia GP, Bugianesi E. Impact of Chronotype and Mediterranean Diet on the Risk of Liver Fibrosis in Patients with Non-Alcoholic Fatty Liver Disease. Nutrients 2023; 15:3257. [PMID: 37513675 PMCID: PMC10385040 DOI: 10.3390/nu15143257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2023] [Revised: 07/14/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Late chronotype, the individual's aptitude to perform daily activities late in the day, has been associated with low adherence to the Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) and metabolic syndrome. The aim of this work was to investigate the potential association of chronotype and adherence to the MedDiet with the liver fibrosis risk in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Liver stiffness was assessed in 126 patients by FibroScan®530. Significant (F ≥ 2) and advanced (F ≥ 3) hepatic fibrosis were defined according to liver stiffness values ≥7.1 kPa and ≥8.8 kPa, respectively. Chronotype (MSFsc) was defined by the Munich Chronotype Questionnaire, and adherence to the MedDiet was defined by the Mediterranean diet score (MDS). Overall, the median age was 55 (46-63) years, and 57.9% of participants were male. The principal comorbidities were type-2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) (26.1%), arterial hypertension (53.1%), dyslipidaemia (63.4%), obstructive sleep apnoea (5.5%) and depression (5.5%). Most subjects (65.0%) had intermediate + late chronotype and showed higher mid-sleep on workdays (p < 0.001) and on work-free days (p < 0.001) compared to those with early chronotype. In the logistic regression model, intermediate + late chronotype (p = 0.024), MDS (p = 0.019) and T2DM (p = 0.004) were found to be significantly and independently associated with the risk of both F ≥ 2 And F ≥ 3. We observed that the intermediate + late chronotype and low adherence to the MedDiet were associated with both significant and advanced liver fibrosis in patients with NAFLD.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Chiara Rosso
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Marta Guariglia
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | - Angelo Armandi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Metabolic Liver Disease Research Program, I. Department of Medicine, University Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg-University, 55131 Mainz, Germany
| | - Aurora Nicolosi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
| | | | - Elisabetta Bugianesi
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Turin, 10126 Turin, Italy
- Gastroenterology Unit, Città della Salute e della Scienza-Molinette Hospital, 10126 Turin, Italy
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Pitsillou E, Liang JJ, Beh RC, Hung A, Karagiannis TC. Identification of dietary compounds that interact with the circadian clock machinery: Molecular docking and structural similarity analysis. J Mol Graph Model 2023; 123:108529. [PMID: 37263157 DOI: 10.1016/j.jmgm.2023.108529] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2023] [Revised: 05/11/2023] [Accepted: 05/21/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
The molecular clock is vital for regulating circadian rhythms in various physiological processes, and its dysregulation is associated with multiple diseases. As such, the use of small molecule modulators to regulate the molecular clock presents a promising therapeutic approach. In this study, we generated a homology model of the human circadian locomotor output cycles kaput (CLOCK) protein to evaluate its ligand binding sites. Using molecular docking, we obtained further insights into the binding mode of the control compound CLK8 and explored a selection of dietary compounds. Our investigation of dietary compounds was guided by their potential interactions with the retinoic acid-related orphan receptors RORα/γ, which are involved in circadian regulation. Through the molecular similarity and docking analyses, we identified oleanolic acid demethyl, 3-epi-lupeol, and taraxasterol as potential ROR-interacting compounds. These compounds may exert therapeutic effects through their modulation of RORα/γ activity and subsequently influence the molecular clock. Overall, our study highlights the potential of small molecule modulators in regulating the molecular clock and the importance of exploring dietary compounds as a source of such modulators. Our findings also provide insights into the binding mechanisms of CLK8 and shed light on potential compounds that can interact with RORs to regulate the molecular clock. Future investigations could focus on validating the efficacy of these compounds in modulating the molecular clock and their potential use as therapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Pitsillou
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at ProspED, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia; School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Julia J Liang
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at ProspED, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia; School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Raymond C Beh
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at ProspED, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia; School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Andrew Hung
- School of Science, STEM College, RMIT University, VIC, 3001, Australia
| | - Tom C Karagiannis
- Epigenomic Medicine Laboratory at ProspED, Carlton, VIC, 3053, Australia; Department of Clinical Pathology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, 3010, Australia.
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8
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Mantzorou M, Mentzelou M, Vasios GK, Kontogiorgis C, Antasouras G, Vadikolias K, Psara E, Vorvolakos T, Poulios E, Serdari A, Papadopoulou SK, Giaginis C. Mediterranean Diet Adherence Is Associated with Favorable Health-Related Quality of Life, Physical Activity, and Sleep Quality in a Community-Dwelling Greek Older Population. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12050983. [PMID: 37237849 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12050983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2023] [Revised: 04/16/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Mediterranean diet (MD) is a beneficial dietary pattern with strong antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties that can promote mental and physical human health. This study aims to assess the impact of MD adherence on health-related quality of life, physical activity levels, and sleep quality in a representative Greek elderly population. METHODS This is a cross-sectional study. A total of 3254 persons ≥65 years from 14 different Greek regions, urban, rural and islands participated in this study, of which 48.4% were female and 51.6% were male. Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQOL) was evaluated utilizing a short form healthy survey, physical activity was determined by the International Physical Activity Questionnaire (IPAQ), sleep quality was assessed utilizing the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and MD adherence was assessed via the Mediterranean Diet Score (MedDietScore). RESULTS Moderate adherence to the MD and an increased prevalence of poor quality of life, low physical activity levels and inadequate sleep quality among the elderly population were recorded. High MD adherence was independently associated with better quality of life (OR: 2.31, 95% CI: 2.06-2.68, p = 0.0008), higher physical activity (OR: 1.89, 95% CI: 1.47-2.35, p = 0.0141) and adequate sleep quality (OR: 2.11, 95%: 1.79-2.44, p = 0.0018), female sex (OR: 1.36, 95% CI: 1.02-1.68, p = 0.0032) and living with others (OR: 1.24, 95% CI: 0.81-1.76, p = 0.0375), after adjustment for potential confounding factors. In unadjusted analysis, participants' age (p < 0.0001), anthropometric characteristics (p < 0.005), educational (p = 0.0026) and financial status (p = 0.0005) and smoking habits (p = 0.0031) were also identified as indicators of MD adherence; however, their impact on MD adherence was considerably attenuated after adjusting for confounding factors (p > 0.05). CONCLUSION High MD adherence was correlated with favorable quality of life, higher levels of physical activity, and a more adequate sleep quality score. Strategies and public health policies that facilitate MD adherence and physical activity in older adults may improve sleep and quality of life, impacting overall wellbeing in this age group.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Mantzorou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Maria Mentzelou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Georgios K Vasios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Christos Kontogiorgis
- Laboratory of Hygiene and Environmental Protection, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexandroupolis, Greece
| | - Georgios Antasouras
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Vadikolias
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Evmorfia Psara
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Theofanis Vorvolakos
- Department of Geriatric Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Efthymios Poulios
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
| | - Aspasia Serdari
- Department of Psychiatry and Child Psychiatry, School of Medicine, Democritus University of Thrace, 68100 Alexadroupolis, Greece
| | - Sousana K Papadopoulou
- Department of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, School of Health Sciences, International Hellenic University, 57400 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Constantinos Giaginis
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, School of Environment, University of Aegean, 81400 Lemnos, Greece
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Khan MAB, BaHammam AS, Amanatullah A, Obaideen K, Arora T, Ali H, Cheikh Ismail L, Abdelrahim DN, Al-Houqani M, Allaham K, Abdalrazeq R, Aloweiwi WS, Mim SS, Mektebi A, Amiri S, Sulaiman SK, Javaid SF, Hawlader MDH, Tsiga-Ahmed FI, Elbarazi I, Manggabarani S, Hunde GA, Chelli S, Sotoudeh M, Faris ME. Examination of sleep in relation to dietary and lifestyle behaviors during Ramadan: A multi-national study using structural equation modeling among 24,500 adults amid COVID-19. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1040355. [PMID: 36969823 PMCID: PMC10030961 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1040355] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 01/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Of around 2 billion Muslims worldwide, approximately 1.5 billion observe Ramadan fasting (RF) month. Those that observe RF have diverse cultural, ethnic, social, and economic backgrounds and are distributed over a wide geographical area. Sleep is known to be significantly altered during the month of Ramadan, which has a profound impact on human health. Moreover, sleep is closely connected to dietary and lifestyle behaviors. Methods This cross-sectional study collected data using a structured, self-administered electronic questionnaire that was translated into 13 languages and disseminated to Muslim populations across 27 countries. The questionnaire assessed dietary and lifestyle factors as independent variables, and three sleep parameters (quality, duration, and disturbance) as dependent variables. We performed structural equation modeling (SEM) to examine how dietary and lifestyle factors affected these sleep parameters. Results In total, 24,541 adults were enrolled in this study. SEM analysis revealed that during RF, optimum sleep duration (7-9 h) was significantly associated with sufficient physical activity (PA) and consuming plant-based proteins. In addition, smoking was significantly associated with greater sleep disturbance and lower sleep quality. Participants that consumed vegetables, fruits, dates, and plant-based proteins reported better sleep quality. Infrequent consumption of delivered food and infrequent screen time were also associated with better sleep quality. Conflicting results were found regarding the impact of dining at home versus dining out on the three sleep parameters. Conclusion Increasing the intake of fruits, vegetables, and plant-based proteins are important factors that could help improve healthy sleep for those observing RF. In addition, regular PA and avoiding smoking may contribute to improving sleep during RF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Moien A B Khan
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ahmed S BaHammam
- Department of Internal Medicine, College of Medicine, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Asma Amanatullah
- Knowledge and Research Support Services Department, University of Management and Technology, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Khaled Obaideen
- Sustainable Energy and Power Systems Research Centre, RISE, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Teresa Arora
- Department of Psychology, Zayed University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Habiba Ali
- College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Leila Cheikh Ismail
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Dana N Abdelrahim
- Sharjah Institute for Medical and Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Al-Houqani
- Internal Medicine College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | - Kholoud Allaham
- Department of Neurology, Rashid Hospital, Dubai Health Authority, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Somayea Sultana Mim
- Chattogram International Medical College and Hospital, Chattogram, Bangladesh
| | - Ammar Mektebi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kütahya Health Sciences University, Kütahya, Türkiye
| | - Sohrab Amiri
- Medicine, Quran and Hadith Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sahabi Kabir Sulaiman
- Department of Internal Medicine, Yobe State University Teaching Hospital, Damaturu, Nigeria
| | - Syed Fahad Javaid
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Science, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | | | - Iffat Elbarazi
- Institute of Public Health, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, United Arab Emirates University, Al Ain, United Arab Emirates
| | | | - Gamechu Atomsa Hunde
- Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Nursing, Institute of Health, Jimma University, Jimma, Ethiopia
| | - Sabrina Chelli
- Royal College of Surgeons in Ireland (Bahrain), Al Muharraq, Bahrain
| | - Mitra Sotoudeh
- Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - MoezAlIslam Ezzat Faris
- Department of Clinical Nutrition and Dietetics, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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Muacevic A, Adler JR, Boike S, Kashyap R, Khan SA, Surani S. Nutritional Elements in Sleep. Cureus 2022; 14:e32803. [PMID: 36694494 PMCID: PMC9859770 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.32803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Sleep comprises one-third of our day and plays an integral role in human health and well-being. Many factors influence sleep, with nutrition being a key element that impacts various sleep parameters. Meal-timing through strategies like chrono-nutrition leads to positive sleep outcomes. In addition, consuming a high-protein diet with essential amino acids, low-glycemic-index foods, and certain fruits rich in antioxidants can all contribute to better sleep quality. Other facets of nutrition that can affect sleep outcomes include weight loss and limiting certain nutritional elements such as caffeine, nicotine, and alcohol. In this article, we will shed some light on how some of these factors can play a vital role in sleep quality.
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Good Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Lowered Risk of Renal Glomerular Impairment in Children: A Longitudinal Study. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14163343. [PMID: 36014847 PMCID: PMC9413126 DOI: 10.3390/nu14163343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 08/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Healthy diet patterns have a positive effect on chronic non-communicable diseases in the pediatric population, but the evidence is limited on the association between kidney impairment and adherence to a Mediterranean diet. We aim to determine the associations between Mediterranean diet adherence and longitudinal tubular and glomerular impairment in children. Based on four waves of urine assays conducted from October 2018 to November 2019, we assayed urinary β2-microglobulin (β2-MG) and microalbumin (MA) excretion to determine transient renal tubular and glomerular impairment during the follow-up of the child cohort (PROC) study in Beijing, China. We assessed Mediterranean diet adherence using the 16-item Mediterranean Diet Quality Index in children and adolescents (KIDMED) among 1914 primary school children. Poor, intermediate, and good adherence rates for the Mediterranean diet were 9.0% (KIDMED index 0–3), 54.4% (KIDMED index 4–7) and 36.5% (KIDMED index 8–12), respectively. A short sleep duration was more prevalent in children with lower Mediterranean diet adherence, with no significant differences presenting in the other demographic and lifestyle covariates. The results of linear mixed-effects models showed that a higher urinary MA excretion was inversely associated with a higher KIDMED score (β = −0.216, 95%CI: −0.358, −0.074, p = 0.003), after adjusting for sex, age, BMI z-score, SBP z-score, screen time, sleep duration and physical activity. Furthermore, in generalized linear mixed-effects models, consistent results found that transient renal glomerular impairment was less likely to develop in children with intermediate Mediterranean diet adherence (aOR = 0.68, 95%CI: 0.47, 0.99, p = 0.044) and in children with good Mediterranean diet adherence (aOR = 0.60, 95%CI: 0.40, 0.90, p = 0.014), taking poor Mediterranean diet adherence as a reference. We visualized the longitudinal associations between each item of the KIDMED test and kidney impairment via a forest plot and identified the main protective eating behaviors. Children who adhere well to the Mediterranean diet have a lower risk of transient glomerular impairment, underscoring the necessity of the early childhood development of healthy eating patterns to protect kidney health.
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Mediterranean Diet on Sleep: A Health Alliance. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14142998. [PMID: 35889954 PMCID: PMC9318336 DOI: 10.3390/nu14142998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2022] [Revised: 07/17/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet is a plant-based, antioxidant-rich, unsaturated fat dietary pattern that has been consistently associated with lower rates of noncommunicable diseases and total mortality, so that it is considered one of the healthiest dietary patterns. Clinical trials and mechanistic studies have demonstrated that the Mediterranean diet and its peculiar foods and nutrients exert beneficial effects against inflammation, oxidative stress, dysmetabolism, vascular dysfunction, adiposity, senescence, cognitive decline, neurodegeneration, and tumorigenesis, thus preventing age-associated chronic diseases and improving wellbeing and health. Nocturnal sleep is an essential physiological function, whose alteration is associated with health outcomes and chronic diseases. Scientific evidence suggests that diet and sleep are related in a bidirectional relationship, and the understanding of this association is important given their role in disease prevention. In this review, we surveyed the literature concerning the current state of evidence from epidemiological studies on the impact of the Mediterranean diet on nighttime sleep quantity and quality. The available studies indicate that greater adherence to the Mediterranean diet is associated with adequate sleep duration and with several indicators of better sleep quality. Potential mechanisms mediating the effect of the Mediterranean diet and its foods and nutrients on sleep are described, and gap-in-knowledge and new research agenda to corroborate findings are discussed.
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Molina-Montes E, Rodríguez-Barranco M, Ching-López A, Artacho R, Huerta JM, Amiano P, Lasheras C, Moreno-Iribas C, Jimenez-Zabala A, Chirlaque MD, Barricarte A, Luján-Barroslo L, Agudo A, Jakszyn P, Quirós JR, Sánchez MJ. Circadian clock gene variants and their link with chronotype, chrononutrition, sleeping patterns and obesity in the European prospective investigation into cancer and nutrition (EPIC) study. Clin Nutr 2022; 41:1977-1990. [DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2022.07.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2022] [Revised: 07/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Karam J, Serhan C, Swaidan E, Serhan M. Comparative Study Regarding the Adherence to the Mediterranean Diet Among Older Adults Living in Lebanon and Syria. Front Nutr 2022; 9:893963. [PMID: 35677548 PMCID: PMC9169688 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2022.893963] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Mediterranean diet (MedDiet) has been associated with many health benefits. Poor adherence to MedDiet has been found among Lebanese adults, while in Syria, little is known about the adherence to MedDiet. A quantitative research approach was used, and data were collected through convenience sampling. The structure of the survey included the socio-economic and demographic data and the validated 14-point MedDiet assessment tool. The target population included 367 Lebanese and Syrian adults respectively residing in Lebanon and Syria. Descriptive statistics were used to explore the characteristics of the sample population. Adequate adherence MedDiet was determined if the Med-Diet score ≥ 9. Significant differences among the variables and the adherence to the MedDiet were examined using the chi-square test. Approximately 47.42% of participants reported adherence to MedDiet higher than 9, with a mean of 7.98. Lebanese participants, men, and those who are aged between 64 and 67, had higher adherence than Syrian participants, women, and other age groups, respectively. Lebanese participants (7.82 ± 2.32) had slightly higher adherence than Syrian participants (7.31 ± 2.04). Wine, sofrito, vegetables, and olive oil were mostly consumed by participants, with differences in consumption between the Lebanese and Syrian adults. The statistical analysis performed using the chi-square test showed no statistical difference (P>.05) between Lebanese and Syrian participants regarding their consumption of 160 red meat, butter/margarine, and sugary drinks. Future studies in the aged population are required to explore furthermore the adherence to MedDiet in Lebanon and Syria and its impact on health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanne Karam
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Carole Serhan
- Department of Business Management and Administration, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Eman Swaidan
- Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Modern University for Business and Science, Beirut, Lebanon
| | - Mireille Serhan
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Balamand, Beirut, Lebanon
- *Correspondence: Mireille Serhan
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