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Li C, Li J, Wang YZ. A Review of Gastrodia Elata Bl.: Extraction, Analysis and Application of Functional Food. Crit Rev Anal Chem 2024:1-30. [PMID: 39355975 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2024.2397994] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/03/2024]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Bl. still widely known as a medicinal plant due to its anti-inflammatory, neuroprotection, cardiovascular protection etc. Additionally, these medical applications cannot be separated from its antioxidant, anti-aging, regulating cell apoptosis ability, which make it have potential as a functional food as well as it has been eaten for more than 2,000 years in China. At present, although Gastrodia elata Bl. has appeared in a large number of studies, much of the research is based on drugs rather than foods. The review of Gastrodia elata Bl. from the perspective of food is one of the necessary steps to promote related development, by reviewing the literature on analytical methods of Gastrodia elata Bl. in recent years, critical components change in the extraction, analytical methods and improvement of food applications, all of aspects of it was summarized. Based on the report about physical and chemical changes in Gastrodia elata Bl. to discover the pathway of Gastrodia elata Bl. functional food development from current to the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- ChenMing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jieqing Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Yunnan Agricultural University, Kunming, China
| | - Yuan-Zhong Wang
- Medicinal Plants Research Institute, Yunnan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Kunming, China
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Zhang JB, Wang B, Zhang YF, Wu Y, Li MX, Gao T, Lu TL, Bian ZH, Su LL. E-eye and FT-NIR combined with multivariate algorithms to rapidly evaluate the dynamic changes in the quality of Gastrodia elata during steaming process. Food Chem 2024; 439:138148. [PMID: 38064826 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2023.138148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2023] [Revised: 12/01/2023] [Accepted: 12/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/10/2024]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata (GE) is traditionally subjected to steaming, and steaming duration plays a crucially important role in determining GE quality. This study examined the variations in bioactive components during the steaming process and proposed the utilization of electronic eye and Fourier Transform near-infrared (FT-NIR) spectroscopy for quality assessment. The findings revealed that the levels of parishin E parishin B, parishin A, and gastrodin initially rose and subsequently declined, while 4-Hydroxybenzyl alcohol exhibited a rapid decrease followed by stabilization. With prolonged steaming, the brightness of GE decreased, while the red and yellow tones became more pronounced and the color saturation increased. FT-NIR divided the steaming process into three stages: 0 min (raw GE), 0-9 min (partially steamed GE), and 9-30 min (fully steamed GE), and the partial least squares regression models effectively predicted the levels of five components. Overall, this study provided valuable insights into quality control in food processing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiu-Ba Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Bin Wang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yun-Fei Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yi Wu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ming-Xuan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Ting Gao
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Tu-Lin Lu
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China.
| | - Zhen-Hua Bian
- Department of Pharmacy, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, China; Jiangsu CM Clinical Innovation Center of Degenerative Bone & Joint Disease, Wuxi TCM Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Wuxi 214071, China.
| | - Lian-Lin Su
- College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China; Jiangsu Provincial Technology Engineering Research Center of TCM Health Preservation, Nanjing 210023, China.
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Wan F, Chen ZW, Xu TT, Guan JJ, Cui XM, Kang CZ, Zhou T, Wang CX, Guo LP, Yang Y. Selection and application of aptamers for p-hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite after Gastrodia elata Bl. fumigated with sulfur. Talanta 2024; 269:125461. [PMID: 38056416 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2023.125461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Gastrodia elata Bl. is a widely used traditional Chinese medicine known for its medicinal properties. However, during the drying process, G. elata is often fumigated with sulfur to prevent corrosion and improve its appearance. Sulfur-fumigation can result in a reduction in the effective components of the herb and can also be hazardous to human health due to the remaining sulfur dioxide. Sulfur-fumigation of G. elata poses a significant challenge to both end-users and researchers. The detection of p-hydroxybenzyl hydrogen sulfite (p-HS) is a useful tool in determining whether G. elata has been fumigated with sulfur. Unfortunately, the current method for detecting p-HS is costly and requires sophisticated instruments. Therefore, there is a need to develop a more cost-effective and user-friendly method for the detection of p-HS. This study utilized the Capture-SELEX technique to screen high-affinity aptamers for p-HS, which were subsequently characterized by isothermal titration calorimetry (ITC). An aptamer sequence (seq 6) with a high affinity of Kd = 26.5 μM was obtained following 8 rounds of selection against p-HS. With the aptamer serving as the recognition element and gold nanoparticles as the colorimetric indicator, a simple and efficient colorimetric sensor was developed for the specific detection of p-HS. This detection method exhibited a limit of detection of 1 μg/ml, while the p-HS recoveries demonstrated a range of between 88.5 % and 105 % for samples of G. elata obtained in the market. In summary, the aptamer exhibited a high affinity for p-HS, and the sensor developed through the use of a colloidal gold detector based on nucleic acid aptamer can be utilized for rapid detection of sulfur-fumigated G. elata. With these findings, this research paper provides valuable scientific insights and highlights significant potential for future studies in this area.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fen Wan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhuo-Wen Chen
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Ting-Ting Xu
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Jin-Jie Guan
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Xiu-Ming Cui
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Chuan-Zhi Kang
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China
| | - Tao Zhou
- Guizhou University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, China
| | - Cheng-Xiao Wang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Lan-Ping Guo
- China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, 100700, China.
| | - Ye Yang
- Faculty of Life Science and Technology, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, 650500, Yunnan, China; Yunnan Provincial Key Laboratory of Panax Notoginseng, Kunming, 650500, China.
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Ma J, Zhou X, Xie B, Wang C, Chen J, Zhu Y, Wang H, Ge F, Huang F. Application for Identifying the Origin and Predicting the Physiologically Active Ingredient Contents of Gastrodia elata Blume Using Visible-Near-Infrared Spectroscopy Combined with Machine Learning. Foods 2023; 12:4061. [PMID: 38002117 PMCID: PMC10670700 DOI: 10.3390/foods12224061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Gastrodia elata (G. elata) Blume is widely used as a health product with significant economic, medicinal, and ecological values. Due to variations in the geographical origin, soil pH, and content of organic matter, the levels of physiologically active ingredient contents in G. elata from different origins may vary. Therefore, rapid methods for predicting the geographical origin and the contents of these ingredients are important for the market. This paper proposes a visible-near-infrared (Vis-NIR) spectroscopy technology combined with machine learning. A variety of machine learning models were benchmarked against a one-dimensional convolutional neural network (1D-CNN) in terms of accuracy. In the origin identification models, the 1D-CNN demonstrated excellent performance, with the F1 score being 1.0000, correctly identifying the 11 origins. In the quantitative models, the 1D-CNN outperformed the other three algorithms. For the prediction set of eight physiologically active ingredients, namely, GA, HA, PE, PB, PC, PA, GA + HA, and total, the RMSEP values were 0.2881, 0.0871, 0.3387, 0.2485, 0.0761, 0.7027, 0.3664, and 1.2965, respectively. The Rp2 values were 0.9278, 0.9321, 0.9433, 0.9094, 0.9454, 0.9282, 0.9173, and 0.9323, respectively. This study demonstrated that the 1D-CNN showed highly accurate non-linear descriptive capability. The proposed combinations of Vis-NIR spectroscopy with 1D-CNN models have significant potential in the quality evaluation of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinfang Ma
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Xue Zhou
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Nansha Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511466, China
| | - Baiheng Xie
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Caiyun Wang
- Bijie Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Bijie 551700, China
| | - Jiaze Chen
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Yanliu Zhu
- Nansha Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511466, China
| | - Hui Wang
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
| | - Fahuan Ge
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- Nansha Research Institute, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 511466, China
| | - Furong Huang
- Department of Optoelectronic Engineering, Jinan University, Guangzhou 510632, China
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Dong B, Da F, Chen Y, Ding X. Melatonin Treatment Maintains the Quality of Fresh-Cut Gastrodia elata under Low-Temperature Conditions by Regulating Reactive Oxygen Species Metabolism and Phenylpropanoid Pathway. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:14284. [PMID: 37762587 PMCID: PMC10531901 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241814284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/22/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
The application of melatonin (MT) has been shown to improve the quality during the storage of fruits and vegetables. The primary objective of this study is to investigate the effects of MT on the quality of fresh-cut Gastrodia elata during low-temperature (4 °C) storage. The results indicated that MT treatment not only suppressed the respiratory rate and malondialdehyde content but also slowed down the decline in total acidity and total soluble solids, effectively inhibiting microbial growth and enhancing the product safety of fresh-cut G. elata. The treatment with MT reduced the superoxide anions and hydrogen peroxide production, as well as inhibiting the activity and expression of peroxidase and polyphenol oxidase. Additionally, it led to increased activity and the expression of antioxidant-related enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, ascorbate peroxidase, glutathione reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, and dehydroascorbate reductase, while also resulting in elevated levels of ascorbic acid and glutathione. Furthermore, the treatment with MT induced an increase in the total phenolic and flavonoid content of fresh-cut G. elata and enhanced the activity and expression of key enzymes involved in the phenylpropanoid pathway (phenylalanine ammonia-lyase, cinnamate-4-hydroxylase, 4-coumarate: CoA ligase). In summary, MT enhances the antioxidant capacity by activating both the ROS metabolism and phenylpropanoid pathway, thus maintaining the quality of fresh-cut G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Boyu Dong
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.D.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization in Guizhou Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Fangfang Da
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.D.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization in Guizhou Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Yulong Chen
- School of Chinese Ethnic Medicine, Guizhou Minzu University, Guiyang 550025, China; (F.D.); (Y.C.)
- Key Laboratory of Guizhou Ethnic Medicine Resource Development and Utilization in Guizhou Minzu University, State Ethnic Affairs Commission, Guiyang 550025, China
| | - Xiaochun Ding
- Engineering Research Center for Fruit Crops of Guizhou Province, Key Laboratory of Plant Resource Conservation and Germplasm Innovation in Mountainous Region (Ministry of Education), College of Agriculture, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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Xie YK, Li XY, Chen C, Zhang WP, Yu XL, Xiao HW, Lu FY. Effects of Steam and Water Blanching on Drying Characteristics, Water Distribution, Microstructure, and Bioactive Components of Gastrodia Elata. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 12:1372. [PMID: 36987061 PMCID: PMC10054799 DOI: 10.3390/plants12061372] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
In the current work, the effects of steam and boiling water blanching on the drying characteristics, water distribution, microstructure, and contents of bioactive substances of Gastrodia elata (G. elata) were explored. Results showed that the degree of steaming and blanching was related to the core temperature of G. elata. The steaming and blanching pretreatment increased the drying time of the samples by more than 50%. The low-field nuclear magnetic resonance (LF-NMR) of treated samples showed that the relaxation time corresponded to water molecule states (bound, immobilized, and free) and G. elata became shorter, which indicated a reduction in free moisture and increased resistance of water diffusion in the solid structure during drying. Hydrolysis of polysaccharides and gelatinization of starch granules was observed in the microstructure of treated samples, which was consistent with changes in water status and drying rates. Steaming and blanching increased gastrodin and crude polysaccharide contents and decreased p-hydroxybenzyl alcohol content. These findings will contribute to a better understanding of the effect of steaming and blanching on the drying behavior and quality attributes of G. elata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yong-Kang Xie
- Research Center for Agricultural and Sideline Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Xing-Yi Li
- Research Center for Agricultural and Sideline Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| | - Chang Chen
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, 630 West North Street, Geneva, NY 14456, USA
| | - Wei-Peng Zhang
- School of Artificial Intelligence, Beijing Technology and Business University, Beijing 100048, China
| | - Xian-Long Yu
- Agricultural Equipment Intelligent Technology Research and Development Center, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Machinery Sciences, Jinan 250100, China
| | - Hong-Wei Xiao
- College of Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Feng-Yin Lu
- Research Center for Agricultural and Sideline Products Processing, Henan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou 450002, China
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