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Yang J, Lin W, Ma Y, Song H, Mu C, Wu Q, Han C, Zhang J, Liu X. Investigation of the causal association between Parkinson's disease and autoimmune disorders: a bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1370831. [PMID: 38774879 PMCID: PMC11106379 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1370831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/24/2024] [Indexed: 05/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Background To date, an increasing number of epidemiological evidence has pointed to potential relationships between Parkinson's disease (PD) and various autoimmune diseases (AIDs), however, no definitive conclusions has been drawn about whether PD is causally related to AIDs risk. Methods By employing summary statistics from the latest and most extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS), we performed a bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to investigate the causal associations between PD and a variety of 17 AIDs, encompassing multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder, myasthenia gravis, asthma, inflammatory bowel disease, Crohn's disease, ulcerative colitis, irritable bowel syndrome, celiac disease, primary biliary cirrhosis, primary sclerosing cholangitis, type 1 diabetes, ankylosing spondylitis, rheumatoid arthritis, systemic lupus erythematosus, psoriasis and vitiligo. Inverse-variance weighted (IVW) was adopted as the main statistical approach to obtain the causal estimates of PD on different AIDs, supplemented by a series of complementary analyses (weighted median, MR Egger regression, and MR-PRESSO) for further strengthening the robustness of results. Results Our MR findings suggested that genetically predicted higher liability to PD was causally associated with a decreased risk of irritable bowel syndrome (OR = 0.98; 95% CI: 0.96-0.99; P = 0.032). On the contrary, IVW analysis showed a potential positive correlation between genetically determined PD and the incidence of type 1 diabetes (OR = 1.10; 95%CI: 1.02-1.19; P = 0.010). Subsequent MR tests ended up in similar results, confirming our findings were reliable. Additionally, in the reverse MR analyses, we did not identify any evidence to support the causal relationship of genetic predisposition to AIDs with PD susceptibility. Conclusion In general, a bifunctional role that PD exerted on the risk of developing AIDs was detected in our studies, both protecting against irritable bowel syndrome occurrence and raising the incidence of type 1 diabetes. Future studies, including population-based observational studies and molecular experiments in vitro and in vivo, are warranted to validate the results of our MR analyses and refine the underlying pathological mechanisms involved in PD-AIDs associations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junyi Yang
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Weiran Lin
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, General Hospital of Northern Theater Command, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Yumei Ma
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Hui Song
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Changqing Mu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Qian Wu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Chen Han
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Cell Biology, Key Laboratory of Cell Biology, National Health Commission of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
- Key Laboratory of Medical Cell Biology, Ministry of Education of the People's Republic of China, China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
| | - Xu Liu
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University, Shenyang, Liaoning, China
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Liu S, Lv X, Deng X, Lai R, Du J, Wang C. Diet and risk of low back pain: a Mendelian randomization analysis. EUROPEAN SPINE JOURNAL : OFFICIAL PUBLICATION OF THE EUROPEAN SPINE SOCIETY, THE EUROPEAN SPINAL DEFORMITY SOCIETY, AND THE EUROPEAN SECTION OF THE CERVICAL SPINE RESEARCH SOCIETY 2024; 33:496-504. [PMID: 37934267 DOI: 10.1007/s00586-023-07970-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Revised: 09/08/2023] [Accepted: 09/22/2023] [Indexed: 11/08/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous epidemiological and other studies have shown an association between diet and low back pain (LBP). This study aimed to investigate the causal relationship between diet and LBP using a Mendelian randomization (MR) approach. METHODS The three main methods in this study were weighted median, MR-Egger, and inverse variance weighting (IVW). We utilized MR-PRESSO to eliminate abnormal SNPs. Additionally, tests for pleiotropy and heterogeneity were conducted. Utilizing IVW and MR-Egger's Cochran's Q test, heterogeneity was evaluated. MR-Egger intercepts were used in pleiotropy tests. A leave-one-out analysis was also used to evaluate the stability of the study's findings. RESULTS The frequency of alcohol intake was associated with an increased risk of LBP. Increased processed meat intake, dried fruit intake, cereal intake, and tea intake were causally associated with a decreased risk of LBP (alcohol intake frequency: odds ratio (OR) = 1.28; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.11-1.47; P = 0.0006; processed meat intake: OR = 0.60, 95%CI 0.39-0.92, P = 0.019; dried fruit intake: OR = 0.43, 95%CI 0.29-0.66, P = 0.00008; cereal intake: OR = 0.62, 95%CI 0.42-0.92, P = 0.018; tea intake: OR = 0.75, 95%CI 0.58-0.97, P = 0.029). Heterogeneity and pleiotropy were also not found in the sensitivity analysis. The leave-one-out analysis also showed more robust results. Other dietary intakes were not causally associated with LBP. CONCLUSIONS This two-sample MR study found that frequency of alcohol intake was associated with an increased risk of LBP, and intake of processed meat, dried fruit, cereals, and tea was associated with a decreased risk of LBP. Moreover, no causal relationship was found with LBP in the other 13 diets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Liu
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Xiaofeng Lv
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Xinmin Deng
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Rui Lai
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
| | - Jihang Du
- School of Acupuncture and Tuina, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610075, China
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, Sichuan, China
| | - Chao Wang
- Sichuan Integrative Medicine Hospital, Chengdu, 610042, Sichuan, China.
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Hébert HL, Pascal MM, Smith BH, Wynick D, Bennett DL. Big data, big consortia, and pain: UK Biobank, PAINSTORM, and DOLORisk. Pain Rep 2023; 8:e1086. [PMID: 38225956 PMCID: PMC10789453 DOI: 10.1097/pr9.0000000000001086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/20/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Chronic pain (CP) is a common and often debilitating disorder that has major social and economic impacts. A subset of patients develop CP that significantly interferes with their activities of daily living and requires a high level of healthcare support. The challenge for treating physicians is in preventing the onset of refractory CP or effectively managing existing pain. To be able to do this, it is necessary to understand the risk factors, both genetic and environmental, for the onset of CP and response to treatment, as well as the pathogenesis of the disorder, which is highly heterogenous. However, studies of CP, particularly pain with neuropathic characteristics, have been hindered by a lack of consensus on phenotyping and data collection, making comparisons difficult. Furthermore, existing cohorts have suffered from small sample sizes meaning that analyses, especially genome-wide association studies, are insufficiently powered. The key to overcoming these issues is through the creation of large consortia such as DOLORisk and PAINSTORM and biorepositories, such as UK Biobank, where a common approach can be taken to CP phenotyping, which allows harmonisation across different cohorts and in turn increased study power. This review describes the approach that was used for studying neuropathic pain in DOLORisk and how this has informed current projects such as PAINSTORM, the rephenotyping of UK Biobank, and other endeavours. Moreover, an overview is provided of the outputs from these studies and the lessons learnt for future projects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Harry L. Hébert
- Chronic Pain Research Group, Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - Mathilde M.V. Pascal
- Neural Injury Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
| | - Blair H. Smith
- Chronic Pain Research Group, Division of Population Health and Genomics, Ninewells Hospital & Medical School, University of Dundee, Dundee, United Kingdom
| | - David Wynick
- Bristol Medical School, University of Bristol, Bristol, United Kingdom
| | - David L.H. Bennett
- Neural Injury Group, Nuffield Department of Clinical Neuroscience, John Radcliffe Hospital, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom
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Zeitoun T, El-Sohemy A. Using Mendelian Randomization to Study the Role of Iron in Health and Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:13458. [PMID: 37686261 PMCID: PMC10487635 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241713458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2023] [Revised: 08/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/25/2023] [Indexed: 09/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Iron has been shown to play a dual role in health and disease, with either a protective or harmful effect. Some of the contradictory findings from observational studies may be due to reverse causation, residual confounding, or small sample size. One approach that may overcome these limitations without the high cost of randomized control trials is the use of Mendelian randomization to examine the long-term role of iron in a variety of health outcomes. As there is emerging evidence employing Mendelian randomization as a method of assessing the role of micronutrients in health and disease, this narrative review will highlight recent Mendelian randomization findings examining the role of iron in cardiometabolic disorders, inflammation, neurological disorders, different cancers, and a number of other health-related outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Ahmed El-Sohemy
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Medical Sciences Building, Room 5326A, 1 King’s College Circle, Toronto, ON M5S 1A8, Canada;
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Tang Y, Liu W, Kong W, Zhang S, Zhu T. Multisite chronic pain and the risk of autoimmune diseases: A Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1077088. [PMID: 36845101 PMCID: PMC9947645 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1077088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Accumulating evidence has demonstrated that an association between chronic pain and autoimmune diseases (AIDs). Nevertheless, it is unclear whether these associations refer to a causal relationship. We used a two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) method to determine the causal relationship between chronic pain and AIDs. Methods We assessed genome-wide association study (GWAS) summary statistics for chronic pain [multisite chronic pain (MCP) and chronic widespread pain (CWP)], and eight common AIDs, namely, amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), celiac disease (CeD), inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), multiple sclerosis (MS), rheumatoid arthritis (RA), systemic lupus Erythematosus (SLE), type 1 diabetes (T1D) and psoriasis. Summary statistics data were from publicly available and relatively large-scale GWAS meta-analyses to date. The two-sample MR analyses were first performed to identify the causal effect of chronic pain on AIDs. The two-step MR and multivariable MR were used to determine if mediators (BMI and smoking) causally mediated any connection and to estimate the proportion of the association mediated by these factors combined. Results With the utilization of MR analysis, multisite chronic pain was associated with a higher risk of MS [odds ratio (OR) = 1.59, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 1.01-2.49, P = 0.044] and RA (OR = 1.72, 95% CI = 1.06-2.77, P = 0.028). However, multisite chronic pain had no significant effect on ALS (OR = 1.26, 95% CI = 0.92-1.71, P = 0.150), CeD (OR = 0.24, 95% CI = 0.02-3.64, P = 0.303), IBD (OR = 0.46, 95% CI = 0.09-2.27, P = 0.338), SLE (OR = 1.78, 95% CI = 0.82-3.88, P = 0.144), T1D (OR = 1.15, 95% CI = 0.65-2.02, P = 0.627) or Psoriasis (OR = 1.59, 95% CI = 0.22-11.26, P = 0.644). We also found positive causal effects of MCP on BMI and causal effects of BMI on MS and RA. Moreover, there were no causal connections between genetically predicted chronic widespread pain and the risk of most types of AIDs disease. Conclusion Our MR analysis implied a causal relationship between MCP and MS/RA, and the effect of MCP on MS and RA may be partially mediated by BMI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yidan Tang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yidan Tang, ; Tao Zhu,
| | - Weizhi Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Weishuang Kong
- Department of Surgery, Xuanwei Hospital of traditional Chinese Medicine, Xuanwei, China
| | - Shuangyi Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China,*Correspondence: Yidan Tang, ; Tao Zhu,
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