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Viner-Breuer R, Golan-Lev T, Benvenisty N, Goldberg M. Genome-Wide Screening in Human Embryonic Stem Cells Highlights the Hippo Signaling Pathway as Granting Synthetic Viability in ATM Deficiency. Cells 2023; 12:1503. [PMID: 37296624 PMCID: PMC10253227 DOI: 10.3390/cells12111503] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
ATM depletion is associated with the multisystemic neurodegenerative syndrome ataxia-telangiectasia (A-T). The exact linkage between neurodegeneration and ATM deficiency has not been established yet, and no treatment is currently available. In this study, we aimed to identify synthetic viable genes in ATM deficiency to highlight potential targets for the treatment of neurodegeneration in A-T. We inhibited ATM kinase activity using the background of a genome-wide haploid pluripotent CRISPR/Cas9 loss-of-function library and examined which mutations confer a growth advantage on ATM-deficient cells specifically. Pathway enrichment analysis of the results revealed the Hippo signaling pathway as a major negative regulator of cellular growth upon ATM inhibition. Indeed, genetic perturbation of the Hippo pathway genes SAV1 and NF2, as well as chemical inhibition of this pathway, specifically promoted the growth of ATM-knockout cells. This effect was demonstrated in both human embryonic stem cells and neural progenitor cells. Therefore, we suggest the Hippo pathway as a candidate target for the treatment of the devastating cerebellar atrophy associated with A-T. In addition to the Hippo pathway, our work points out additional genes, such as the apoptotic regulator BAG6, as synthetic viable with ATM-deficiency. These genes may help to develop drugs for the treatment of A-T patients as well as to define biomarkers for resistance to ATM inhibition-based chemotherapies and to gain new insights into the ATM genetic network.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruth Viner-Breuer
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (R.V.-B.); (T.G.-L.)
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Tamar Golan-Lev
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (R.V.-B.); (T.G.-L.)
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Nissim Benvenisty
- The Azrieli Center for Stem Cells and Genetic Research, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel; (R.V.-B.); (T.G.-L.)
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
| | - Michal Goldberg
- Department of Genetics, Institute of Life Sciences, The Hebrew University, Givat-Ram, Jerusalem 9190401, Israel
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Yuan F, Wang J, Li R, Zhao X, Zhang Y, Liu B, Lei Y, Hu Y. A New Regulatory Mechanism Between P53 And YAP Crosstalk By SIRT1 Mediated Deacetylation To Regulate Cell Cycle And Apoptosis In A549 Cell Lines. Cancer Manag Res 2019; 11:8619-8633. [PMID: 31576168 PMCID: PMC6765265 DOI: 10.2147/cmar.s214826] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 08/14/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Yes-associated protein (YAP) is downstream of the Hippo signaling pathway, which regulates several cellular processes. P53 is a key transcriptional regulator that responds to a variety of cellular stresses and regulates key cellular processes such as DNA repair, cell-cycle progression, angiogenesis, and apoptosis. Overexpression of YAP antagonizes P53 activity and targets its expression. However, the mechanism that underlies the post-transcriptional crosstalk between P53 and YAP has not been well dissected. Methods We performed an integrated analysis and found that SIRT1 is a key candidate that connects YAP and P53 by modulating their acetylation. Results We found that YAP promotes P53 deacetylation, promotes cell survival by inhibiting P53-induced G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis in A549 cells. Conversely, P53 enhances YAP acetylation, and decreases A549 cell survival by strengthening YAP acetylation-induced G0/G1 arrest and apoptosis both in vitro and in vivo. Conclusion Our results demonstrate that SIRT1 is responsible for YAP and P53 deacetylation of specific residues, and reveal for the first time, a new regulatory mechanism of P53 and YAP crosstalk by SIRT1-mediated deacetylation, which may be involved in lung tumorigenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Yuan
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinliang Wang
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruixin Li
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- Princeton International School of Mathematics and Science, Princeton, NJ 08540, USA
| | - Biao Liu
- Department of Biological Analysis, Explore (Beijing) Biotech Co, Ltd, Beijing 100091, People's Republic of China
| | - Yonghong Lei
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Hu
- Department of Oncology, Chinese PLA General Hospital, Beijing 100853, People's Republic of China
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Impact of Taurine on the proliferation and apoptosis of human cervical carcinoma cells and its mechanism. Chin Med J (Engl) 2019; 132:948-956. [PMID: 30958437 PMCID: PMC6595772 DOI: 10.1097/cm9.0000000000000162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cervical cancer has the fourth highest incidence and mortality rate of all cancers in women worldwide; it seriously harms their physical and mental health. The aim of this study was to observe the roles and preliminary mechanism of Taurine (Tau)-induced apoptosis in cervical cancer cells. METHODS Cells from the human cervical cancer cell line SiHa were transfected with the recombinant plasmid pEGFP-N1-MST1 (mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1); then, the cell proliferation activity was analyzed by the MTT assay, cell apoptosis by flow cytometry, and the related protein levels by Western blotting. RESULTS Tau inhibited the proliferation of SiHa cells and induced apoptosis in these cells (the apoptotic rate was 21.95% in the Tau 160 mmol/L group and 30% in the Tau 320 mmol/L group), upregulated the expression of the MST1 (control, 0.53; Tau 40-320 mmol/L groups, 0.84-1.45) and Bax (control, 0.45; Tau 40-320 mmol/L groups, 0.64-1.51) proteins (P < 0.01), and downregulated the expression of Bcl-2 (control, 1.28, Tau 40-320 mmol/L groups, 0.93-0.47) (P < 0.01). The overexpression of MST1 promoted the apoptosis of SiHa cells, enhanced the apoptosis-inductive effects of Tau (P < 0.01), upregulated the expression of the proapoptotic proteins p73, p53, PUMA (p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis), and caspase-3, and promoted the phosphorylation of YAP (Yes-associated protein). CONCLUSIONS Tau inhibited the proliferation and induced the apoptosis of cervical cancer SiHa cells. The MST1 protein plays an important role in the Tau-induced apoptosis of cervical cancer cells.
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Liu Z, Xia Y, Zhang X, Liu L, Tu S, Zhu W, Yu L, Wan H, Yu B, Wan F. Roles of the MST1-JNK signaling pathway in apoptosis of colorectal cancer cells induced by Taurine. Libyan J Med 2018; 13:1500346. [PMID: 30035680 PMCID: PMC6060381 DOI: 10.1080/19932820.2018.1500346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to observe the impact of the mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1-c-Jun N-terminal kinase (MST1-JNK) signaling pathway on apoptosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) cells induced by Taurine (Tau). Caco-2 and SW620 cells transfected with p-enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP)-MST1 or short interfering RNA (siRNA)-MST1 were treated with Tau for 48 h. Apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry, and the levels of MST1 and JNK were detected by western blotting. Compared with the control group, 80 mM Tau could significantly induce apoptosis of CRC cells, and the apoptotic rate increased with increasing Tau concentration (P < 0.01). Meanwhile, the protein levels of MST1 and phosphorylated (p)-JNK in Caco-2 cells increased significantly (P < 0.01). The apoptotic rate of the p-EGFP-MST1 plasmid-transfected cancer cells was significantly higher than that of the control group (P < 0.05); however, the apoptotic rate of the p-EGFP-MST1+Tau group was increased further (P < 0.01). Silencing the MST1 gene could decrease the apoptotic rate of cancer cells, and Tau treatment could reverse this decrease. Blocking the JNK signaling pathway significantly reduced the Tau-induced apoptotic rate of CRC cells. Thus, the MST1-JNK pathway plays an important role in Tau-induced apoptosis of CRC cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoqi Liu
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Yanqin Xia
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Xiali Zhang
- b Laboratory Animal Science Center , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Liqiao Liu
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Shuo Tu
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Weifeng Zhu
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Lehan Yu
- c Medical Experiment Teaching Center , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Huifang Wan
- c Medical Experiment Teaching Center , Nanchang University , Nanchang , China
| | - Bo Yu
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
| | - Fusheng Wan
- a Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology , School of Basic Medical Sciences, Nanchang University , Nanchang China
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Wu R, Yang H, Wan J, Deng X, Chen L, Hao S, Ma L. Knockdown of the Hippo transducer YAP reduces proliferation and promotes apoptosis in the Jurkat leukemia cell. Mol Med Rep 2018; 18:5379-5388. [PMID: 30320399 PMCID: PMC6236312 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2018.9556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 09/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Leukemia and lymphoma are common hematological malignancies in children and young adults, which pose a tremendous threat to the survival of these young patients worldwide, despite availability of various effective treatments. The Hippo pathway is a novel-signaling pathway that regulates organ size, cell proliferation, apoptosis and tumorigenesis. The chief component of this pathway is the transducer yes-associated protein (YAP) which is over-expressed in numerous categories of tumors. However, little is known about the effect of YAP in hematological malignancies. In the present study, YAP expression was screened in several leukemia and lymphoma cell lines, and high YAP expression was demonstrated in Jurkat cells. To further unravel its effect on the biological behavior of Jurkat cells, lentivirus transduced short hairpin RNA (shRNA) technique was used to silence YAP. As expected, the YAP-specific shRNA dramatically inhibited YAP expression at the mRNA and protein levels. Reduced leukemia cell proliferation and increased cell apoptosis were demonstrated in YAP knockdown Jurkat cells. It was also demonstrated that YAP knockdown resulted in deregulated expression of a cluster of downstream genes crucial to cell proliferation or apoptosis, including protein kinase B, B-cell lymphoma 2 (BCL2) and BCL2 like protein 1. Consequently, the results of the present study established that suppression of YAP expression serves an important role in Jurkat cell proliferation and apoptosis, which may serve as a potential therapeutic target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wu
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Hui Yang
- Department of Hematology, Shanghai 6th People's Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Jiangbo Wan
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohui Deng
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Linjun Chen
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Siguo Hao
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
| | - Liyuan Ma
- Department of Hematology, Xinhua Hospital, Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200092, P.R. China
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Salgado CG, Pinto P, Bouth RC, Gobbo AR, Messias ACC, Sandoval TV, Dos Santos AMR, Moreira FC, Vidal AF, Goulart LR, Barreto JG, da Silva MB, Frade MAC, Spencer JS, Santos S, Ribeiro-Dos-Santos Â. miRNome Expression Analysis Reveals New Players on Leprosy Immune Physiopathology. Front Immunol 2018; 9:463. [PMID: 29593724 PMCID: PMC5854644 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.00463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Leprosy remains as a public health problem and its physiopathology is still not fully understood. MicroRNAs (miRNA) are small RNA non-coding that can interfere with mRNA to regulate gene expression. A few studies using DNA chip microarrays have explored the expression of miRNA in leprosy patients using a predetermined set of genes as targets, providing interesting findings regarding the regulation of immune genes. However, using a predetermined set of genes restricted the possibility of finding new miRNAs that might be involved in different mechanisms of disease. Thus, we examined the miRNome of tuberculoid (TT) and lepromatous (LL) patients using both blood and lesional biopsies from classical leprosy patients (LP) who visited the Dr. Marcello Candia Reference Unit in Sanitary Dermatology in the State of Pará and compared them with healthy subjects. Using a set of tools to correlate significantly differentially expressed miRNAs with their gene targets, we identified possible interactions and networks of miRNAs that might be involved in leprosy immunophysiopathology. Using this approach, we showed that the leprosy miRNA profile in blood is distinct from that in lesional skin as well as that four main groups of genes are the targets of leprosy miRNA: (1) recognition and phagocytosis, with activation of immune effector cells, where the immunosuppressant profile of LL and immunoresponsive profile of TT are clearly affected by miRNA expression; (2) apoptosis, with supportive data for an antiapoptotic leprosy profile based on BCL2, MCL1, and CASP8 expression; (3) Schwann cells (SCs), demyelination and epithelial–mesenchymal transition (EMT), supporting a role for different developmental or differentiation gene families, such as Sox, Zeb, and Hox; and (4) loss of sensation and neuropathic pain, revealing that RHOA, ROCK1, SIGMAR1, and aquaporin-1 (AQP1) may be involved in the loss of sensation or leprosy pain, indicating possible new therapeutic targets. Additionally, AQP1 may also be involved in skin dryness and loss of elasticity, which are well known signs of leprosy but with unrecognized physiopathology. In sum, miRNA expression reveals new aspects of leprosy immunophysiopathology, especially on the regulation of the immune system, apoptosis, SC demyelination, EMT, and neuropathic pain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudio Guedes Salgado
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil
| | - Pablo Pinto
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, ICB, UFPA, Belém, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia (NPO), UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Raquel Carvalho Bouth
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil
| | - Angélica Rita Gobbo
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil
| | - Ana Caroline Cunha Messias
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | - Luiz Ricardo Goulart
- Laboratório de Nanobiotecnologia, Instituto de Genética e Bioquímica, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia (UFU), Uberlândia, Brazil
| | - Josafá Gonçalves Barreto
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil.,Laboratório de Epidemiologia Espacial (LabEE), Campus Castanhal, UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Moisés Batista da Silva
- Laboratório de Dermato-Imunologia, Instituto de Ciências Biológicas (ICB), Universidade Federal do Pará (UFPA), Marituba, Brazil
| | - Marco Andrey Cipriani Frade
- Divisão de Dermatologia, Departamento de Clínica Médica da Faculdade de Medicina de Ribeirão Preto, USP, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - John Stewart Spencer
- Mycobacteria Research Laboratories, Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Pathology, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, CO, United States
| | - Sidney Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, ICB, UFPA, Belém, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia (NPO), UFPA, Belém, Brazil
| | - Ândrea Ribeiro-Dos-Santos
- Laboratório de Genética Humana e Médica, ICB, UFPA, Belém, Brazil.,Núcleo de Pesquisas em Oncologia (NPO), UFPA, Belém, Brazil
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Furth N, Aylon Y, Oren M. p53 shades of Hippo. Cell Death Differ 2018; 25:81-92. [PMID: 28984872 PMCID: PMC5729527 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2017.163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 08/15/2017] [Accepted: 08/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The three p53 family members, p53, p63 and p73, are structurally similar and share many biochemical activities. Yet, along with their common fundamental role in protecting genomic fidelity, each has acquired distinct functions related to diverse cell autonomous and non-autonomous processes. Similar to the p53 family, the Hippo signaling pathway impacts a multitude of cellular processes, spanning from cell cycle and metabolism to development and tumor suppression. The core Hippo module consists of the tumor-suppressive MST-LATS kinases and oncogenic transcriptional co-effectors YAP and TAZ. A wealth of accumulated data suggests a complex and delicate regulatory network connecting the p53 and Hippo pathways, in a highly context-specific manner. This generates multiple layers of interaction, ranging from interdependent and collaborative signaling to apparent antagonistic activity. Furthermore, genetic and epigenetic alterations can disrupt this homeostatic network, paving the way to genomic instability and cancer. This strengthens the need to better understand the nuances that control the molecular function of each component and the cross-talk between the different components. Here, we review interactions between the p53 and Hippo pathways within a subset of physiological contexts, focusing on normal stem cells and development, as well as regulation of apoptosis, senescence and metabolism in transformed cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noa Furth
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Yael Aylon
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, POB 26, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. Tel: +972 89342358; Fax: +972 89346004; E-mail: or
| | - Moshe Oren
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, Rehovot, Israel
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, The Weizmann Institute, POB 26, 234 Herzl Street, Rehovot 7610001, Israel. Tel: +972 89342358; Fax: +972 89346004; E-mail: or
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8
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Mutant p53 Protein and the Hippo Transducers YAP and TAZ: A Critical Oncogenic Node in Human Cancers. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18050961. [PMID: 28467351 PMCID: PMC5454874 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18050961] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2017] [Revised: 04/11/2017] [Accepted: 04/24/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
p53 protein is a well-known tumor suppressor factor that regulates cellular homeostasis. As it has several and key functions exerted, p53 is known as “the guardian of the genome” and either loss of function or gain of function mutations in the TP53 coding protein sequence are involved in cancer onset and progression. The Hippo pathway is a key regulator of developmental and regenerative physiological processes but if deregulated can induce cell transformation and cancer progression. The p53 and Hippo pathways exert a plethora of fine-tuned functions that can apparently be in contrast with each other. In this review, we propose that the p53 status can affect the Hippo pathway function by switching its outputs from tumor suppressor to oncogenic activities. In detail, we discuss: (a) the oncogenic role of the protein complex mutant p53/YAP; (b) TAZ oncogenic activation mediated by mutant p53; (c) the therapeutic potential of targeting mutant p53 to impair YAP and TAZ oncogenic functions in human cancers.
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Wu J, Yang X, Lu H, Liu L, Xu B, Zheng S, Yu B, Jie K, Wan F. Inhibitory effect and mechanism of exogenous mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 on the growth of human colorectal cancer. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:2656-2664. [PMID: 28454447 PMCID: PMC5403300 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.5786] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aimed to observe the inhibitory effect and preliminary mechanism of exogenous mammalian sterile 20-like kinase 1 (MST1) on the growth of colorectal cancer SW480 cells. The SW480 cells were randomly divided into the following groups: Control, empty enhanced green fluorescent protein (EGFP) plasmid (pEGFP-N1), MST1 EGFP plasmid (pEGFP-MST1), 20 µmol/l fluorouracil (5-FU) and pEGFP-MST1 + 5-FU. An MTS colorimetric assay was used to detect cell viability, Hoechst 33342 staining was used to observe cell apoptosis, and western blotting and immunohistochemistry were used to detect the levels of the proteins MST1, yes-associated protein (YAP), phospho-YAP1 (Ser127), p53 and p53 upregulated modulator of apoptosis (PUMA). In addition, nude mice were injected with SW480 cells to assess the tumor inhibition rates. Compared with the control group, the growth inhibition and apoptosis rates, the levels of MST1, p53 and PUMA, and the ratios of phospho-YAP1/YAP in the pEGFP-MST1 and pEGFP-MST1 + 5-FU groups were increased significantly (P<0.01). Additionally, relative to the control group, the tumor inhibition rates in the nude mice transplanted with SW480 cells of the pEGFP-MST1 and pEGFP-MST1 + 5-FU groups were 48.52±1.63 and 87.28±2.58%, respectively, and the positive rates of phospho-YAP1 (Ser127) protein in nuclei increased significantly (P<0.01). Overall, exogenous MST1 effectively inhibited the proliferation and growth of transplanted human colorectal cancer cells and promoted cancer cell apoptosis. The mechanism involved may be associated with the increase of intracellular phospho-YAP1 (Ser127) protein.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jian Wu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China.,Department of Medical Technology, Jiangxi Medical College, Shangrao, Jiangxi 334003, P.R. China
| | - Xiaohong Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Hongfei Lu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Liqiao Liu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Baohua Xu
- Experimental Animal Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shuangyan Zheng
- Experimental Animal Center, Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Bo Yu
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Kemin Jie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Fusheng Wan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Basic Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Fu D, Lv X, Hua G, He C, Dong J, Lele SM, Li DWC, Zhai Q, Davis JS, Wang C. YAP regulates cell proliferation, migration, and steroidogenesis in adult granulosa cell tumors. Endocr Relat Cancer 2014; 21:297-310. [PMID: 24389730 PMCID: PMC4222524 DOI: 10.1530/erc-13-0339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The Hippo signaling pathway has been implicated as a conserved regulator of organ size in both Drosophila and mammals. Yes-associated protein (YAP), the central component of the Hippo signaling cascade, functions as an oncogene in several malignancies. Ovarian granulosa cell tumors (GCT) are characterized by enlargement of the ovary, excess production of estrogen, a high frequency of recurrence, and the potential for malignancy and metastasis. Whether the Hippo pathway plays a role in the pathogenesis of GCT is unknown. This study was conducted to examine the expression of YAP in human adult GCTs and to determine the role of YAP in the proliferation and steroidogenesis of GCT cells. Compared with age-matched normal human ovaries, GCT tissues exhibited higher levels of YAP expression. YAP protein was predominantly expressed in the nucleus of tumor cells, whereas the non-tumor ovarian stromal cells expressed very low levels of YAP. YAP was also expressed in cultured primary human granulosa cells and in KGN and COV434 GCT cell lines. siRNA-mediated knockdown of YAP in KGN cells resulted in a significant reduction in cell proliferation (P<0.001). Conversely, overexpression of wild type YAP or a constitutively active YAP (YAP1) mutant resulted in a significant increase in KGN cell proliferation and migration. Moreover, YAP knockdown reduced FSH-induced aromatase (CYP19A1) protein expression and estrogen production in KGN cells. These results demonstrate that YAP plays an important role in the regulation of GCT cell proliferation, migration, and steroidogenesis. Targeting the Hippo/YAP pathway may provide a novel therapeutic approach for GCT.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Fu
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Xiangmin Lv
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Guohua Hua
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunbo He
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Jixin Dong
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Subodh M. Lele
- Department of Pathology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - David Wan-Cheng Li
- Department of Ophthalmology and visual Science, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
| | - Qiongli Zhai
- Department of Pathology, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - John S. Davis
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Omaha Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Omaha NE 68105
| | - Cheng Wang
- Olson Center for Women’s Health, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
- The Fred & Pamela Buffett Cancer Center, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE 68198
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ATM kinase enables the functional axis of YAP, PML and p53 to ameliorate loss of Werner protein-mediated oncogenic senescence. Cell Death Differ 2013; 20:1498-509. [PMID: 23933816 DOI: 10.1038/cdd.2013.101] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2013] [Revised: 06/11/2013] [Accepted: 07/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Werner syndrome (WS) results from dysfunction of the WRN protein, and is associated with premature aging and early death. Here we report that loss of WRN function elicits accumulation of the Yes-associated protein (YAP protein), a major effector of the Hippo tumor suppressor pathway, both experimentally and in WS-derived fibroblasts. YAP upregulation correlates with slower cell proliferation and accelerated senescence, which are partially mediated by the formation of a complex between YAP and the PML protein, whose activity promotes p53 activation. The ATM kinase is necessary for YAP and PML accumulation in WRN-depleted cells. Notably, the depletion of either YAP or PML partially impairs the induction of senescence following WRN loss. Altogether, our findings reveal that loss of WRN activity triggers the activation of an ATM-YAP-PML-p53 axis, thereby accelerating cellular senescence. The latter has features of SASP (senescence-associated secretory phenotype), whose protumorigenic properties are potentiated by YAP, PML and p53 depletion.
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