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Zhou W, Zhu C, Shen P, Wang JF, Zhu G, Jia Y, Wu Y, Wang S, Sun J, Yang F, Song Y, Han X, Guan X. Hypoxia stimulates CTC-platelet cluster formation to promote breast cancer metastasis. iScience 2024; 27:109547. [PMID: 38660400 PMCID: PMC11039329 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2024.109547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 01/02/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Circulating tumor cell clusters/micro-emboli (CTM) possess greater metastatic capacity and survival advantage compared to individual circulating tumor cell (CTC). However, the formation of CTM subtypes and their role in tumor metastasis remain unclear. In this study, we used a microfluidic Cluster-Chip with easy operation and high efficiency to isolate CTM from peripheral blood, which confirmed their correlation with clinicopathological features and identified the critical role of CTC-platelet clusters in breast cancer metastasis. The correlation between platelets and CTM function was further confirmed in a mouse model and RNA sequencing of CTM identified high-expressed genes related to hypoxia stimulation and platelet activation which possibly suggested the correlation of hypoxia and CTC-platelet cluster formation. In conclusion, we successfully developed the Cluster-Chip platform to realize the clinical capture of CTMs and analyze the biological properties of CTC-platelet clusters, which could benefit the design of potential treatment regimens to prevent CTM-mediated metastasis and tumor malignant progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weijia Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Chengjun Zhu
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
| | - Peiliang Shen
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Jacqueline F. Wang
- Department of Medicine, NYU Langone Health, 550 First Avenue, New York, NY 10016, USA
| | - Gaoshuang Zhu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yuanyuan Jia
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Yueyao Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Siliang Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, The Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University Medical School, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Jia Sun
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Fang Yang
- The Comprehensive cancer Center of Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing 210008, China
| | - Yanni Song
- Department of Breast Surgery, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, 150 Haping Road, Harbin 150081, China
| | - Xin Han
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, School of Medicine & Holistic Integrative Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing 210023, China
| | - Xiaoxiang Guan
- Department of Oncology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing 210029, China
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Muraro E, Brisotto G. Circulating tumor cells and host immunity: A tricky liaison. INTERNATIONAL REVIEW OF CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 381:131-157. [PMID: 37739482 DOI: 10.1016/bs.ircmb.2023.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
During their dissemination, circulating tumor cells (CTCs) steadily face the immune system, which is a key player in the whole metastatic cascade, from intravasation to the CTC colonization of distant sites. In this chapter, we will go through the description of immune cells involved in this controversial dialogue encompassing both the anti-tumor activity and the tumor-promoting and immunosuppressive function mediated by several circulating immune effectors as natural killer (NK) cells, CD4+ and CD8+ T lymphocytes, T helper 17, regulatory T cells, neutrophils, monocytes, macrophages, myeloid-derived suppressor cells, dendritic cells, and platelets. Then, we will report on the same interaction from the CTCs point of view, depicting the direct and indirect mechanisms of crosstalk with the above mentioned immune cells. Finally, we will report the recent literature evidence on the potential prognostic role of the integrated CTCs and immune cells monitoring in cancer patients management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Muraro
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Units, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy
| | - Giulia Brisotto
- Immunopathology and Cancer Biomarkers Units, Department of Translational Research, Centro di Riferimento Oncologico di Aviano (CRO), Istituto di Ricovero e Cura a Carattere Scientifico, Aviano, Italy.
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Li M, Zhao S, Lopez G, Secor A, Das P, Surya N, Grogan M, Patel S, Chakravarthy K, Miah A, Spakowicz D, Tinoco G, Li Z, Wei L, He K, Bertino E, Alahmadi A, Memmott R, Kaufman J, Shields PG, Carbone DP, Presley CJ, Otterson GA, Owen DH. Mean platelet volume, thrombocytosis, and survival in non-small cell lung cancer patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab alone or with chemotherapy. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2023; 72:2067-2074. [PMID: 36795122 PMCID: PMC10991400 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03392-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) may not response to treatment and are at risk for immune-related adverse events (irAEs). Platelet function has been linked to both oncogenesis and immune evasion. We studied the association between the change in mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet count, survival, and the risk of developing irAEs in patients with metastatic non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) who have received first-line ICI. METHODS In this retrospective study, delta (∆) MPV was defined as the difference between cycle 2 and baseline MPV. Patient data were collected via chart review, and Cox proportional hazard and Kaplan-Meier method were used to assess the risk and estimate median overall survival. RESULTS We identified 188 patients treated with first-line pembrolizumab, with or without concurrent chemotherapy. There were 80 (42.6%) patients received pembrolizumab monotherapy, and 108 (57.4%) received pembrolizumab in combination with platinum-based chemotherapy. Patients whose MPV (∆MPV ≤ 0) decreased had hazard ratio (HR) = 0.64 (95% CI 0.43-0.94) for death with p = 0.023. Patients with ∆MPV ≤ - 0.2 fL (median), there was a 58% increase in the risk of developing irAE (HR = 1.58, 95% CI 1.04-2.40, p = 0.031). Thrombocytosis at baseline and cycle 2 was associated with shorter OS with p = 0.014 and 0.039, respectively. CONCLUSION Change in MPV after 1 cycle of pembrolizumab-based treatment was significantly associated with overall survival as well as the occurrence of irAEs in patients with metastatic NSCLC in the first-line setting. In addition, thrombocytosis was associated with poor survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mingjia Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA.
| | - Songzhu Zhao
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Gabrielle Lopez
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Austin Secor
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Parthib Das
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Nitya Surya
- College of Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Madison Grogan
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Sandip Patel
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Karthik Chakravarthy
- College of Medicine Medical Scientist Training Program, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Abdul Miah
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Daniel Spakowicz
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Gabriel Tinoco
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Zihai Li
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Lai Wei
- Department of Biomedical Informatics, Center for Biostatistics, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Kai He
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Erin Bertino
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Asrar Alahmadi
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Regan Memmott
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Jacob Kaufman
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Peter G Shields
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - David P Carbone
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Carolyn J Presley
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Gregory A Otterson
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
| | - Dwight H Owen
- Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
- Pelotonia Institute for Immuno-Oncology, The Ohio State University, Columbus, USA
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de Castro Roston JR, Reis IB, Luzo ÂCM, Roston MO, Durán N, Fávaro WJ. Evaluation of the tissue repair process and immunomodulatory action of Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) in the treatment of abdominal stretch marks. Tissue Cell 2023; 83:102132. [PMID: 37331321 DOI: 10.1016/j.tice.2023.102132] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Revised: 06/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/20/2023]
Abstract
The aims of this study were to characterize and to compare the structural alterations of collagen and elastic fibers in the abdominal stretch marks of patients submitted to intralesional and per quadrant (region close to stretch marks) Platelet-Rich Plasma (PRP) treatment, as well as, to establish the possible mechanisms of action of this treatment involving toll-like receptors (TLRs) signaling pathways and growth factors. Incisional biopsies were collected from abdominal stretch marks with a 2 mm diameter punch in female patients, at the beginning of treatment, after 6 and 12 weeks of treatment, and submitted to morphological analyzes of elastic and collagen fibers, and immunohistochemistry for TLRs signaling pathways and growth factors. Our results demonstrated PRP per quadrant treatment was most effective in reducing the area of the abdominal stretch marks, with consequent stimulation of the synthesis and remodeling of collagen and elastic fibers. Also, PRP per quadrant treatment promoted an increase in TLR2 and TLR4 immunoreactivities, with consequent increase in TNF-α, VEGF and IGF-1. Based on the current findings, PRP constitutes a promising therapeutic approach in patients with stretch marks, since it promoted modulation of inflammatory cytokines and growth factors, with consequent remodeling of extracellular matrix, culminating with tissue improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Ronaldo de Castro Roston
- Center of Immunotherapy and Inflammatory Diseases (CIDI), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil; Hospital Municipal "Dr. Mário Gatti", Department of Plastic Surgery, Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Ianny Brum Reis
- Center of Immunotherapy and Inflammatory Diseases (CIDI), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Olivieri Roston
- Center of Immunotherapy and Inflammatory Diseases (CIDI), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Center of Immunotherapy and Inflammatory Diseases (CIDI), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Wagner José Fávaro
- Center of Immunotherapy and Inflammatory Diseases (CIDI), University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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Pantel K, Alix-Panabières C. Crucial roles of circulating tumor cells in the metastatic cascade and tumor immune escape: biology and clinical translation. J Immunother Cancer 2022; 10:jitc-2022-005615. [PMID: 36517082 PMCID: PMC9756199 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2022-005615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 12/01/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Cancer-related deaths are mainly caused by metastatic spread of tumor cells from the primary lesion to distant sites via the blood circulation. Understanding the mechanisms of blood-borne tumor cell dissemination by the detection and molecular characterization of circulating tumor cells (CTCs) in the blood of patients with cancer has opened a new avenue in cancer research. Recent technical advances have enabled a comprehensive analysis of the CTCs at the genome, transcriptome and protein level as well as first functional studies using patient-derived CTC cell lines. In this review, we describe and discuss how research on CTCs has yielded important insights into the biology of cancer metastasis and the response of patients with cancer to therapies directed against metastatic cells. Future investigations will show whether CTCs leaving their primary site are more vulnerable to attacks by immune effector cells and whether cancer cell dissemination might be the 'Achilles heel' of metastatic progression. Here, we focus on the lessons learned from CTC research on the biology of cancer metastasis in patients with particular emphasis on the interactions of CTCs with the immune system. Moreover, we describe and discuss briefly the potential and challenges for implementing CTCs into clinical decision-making including detection of minimal residual disease, monitoring efficacies of systemic therapies and identification of therapeutic targets and resistance mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Pantel
- Institute of Tumour Biology, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf, Hamburg, Germany,European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Catherine Alix-Panabières
- European Liquid Biopsy Society (ELBS), Hamburg, Germany,Laboratory Detection of Rare Human Circulating Cells (LCCRH), University Hospital Centre Montpellier, Montpellier, France,CREEC, MIVEGEC, Montpellier, France
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Tian BW, Yang YF, Yang CC, Yan LJ, Ding ZN, Liu H, Xue JS, Dong ZR, Chen ZQ, Hong JG, Wang DX, Han CL, Mao XC, Li T. Systemic immune-inflammation index predicts prognosis of cancer immunotherapy: systemic review and meta-analysis. Immunotherapy 2022; 14:1481-1496. [PMID: 36537255 DOI: 10.2217/imt-2022-0133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective: This meta-analysis was designed to explore the association between the systemic immune-inflammation index (SII) and the therapeutic effect of immune checkpoint inhibitors. Materials & methods: The authors retrieved relevant studies published before May 25, 2022. Hazard ratio (HR) with 95% CI was used to evaluate the relationship between SII and overall survival (OS) and progression-free survival (PFS). Results: 14 articles comprising 2721 patients were included in this study. The pooled results proved that high SII levels were closely related to poor prognosis in cancer patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors (OS HR = 2.40; 95% CI: 2.04-2.82; PFS HR = 1.57; 95% CI: 1.33-1.86) and that an SII value of 750 was appropriate as a cut-off value (OS HR = 2.20; 95% CI: 1.83-2.63; PFS HR = 1.54; 95% CI: 1.33-1.80). Conclusion: High SII levels (>750) may be an indicator of worse OS and PFS in cancer patients treated with immune checkpoint inhibitors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bao-Wen Tian
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Fei Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Cheng Yang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Lun-Jie Yan
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zi-Niu Ding
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Hui Liu
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jun-Shuai Xue
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhao-Ru Dong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhi-Qiang Chen
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Jian-Guo Hong
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Dong-Xu Wang
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Cheng-Long Han
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Xin-Cheng Mao
- Department of General Surgery, Qilu Hospital, Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
| | - Tao Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, Second Hospital of Shandong University, Jinan, 250012, People's Republic of China
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Platelet Activation in Ovarian Cancer Ascites: Assessment of GPIIb/IIIa and PF4 in Small Extracellular Vesicles by Nano-Flow Cytometry Analysis. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14174100. [PMID: 36077635 PMCID: PMC9454670 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14174100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2022] [Revised: 08/16/2022] [Accepted: 08/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Platelets play a critical role in coagulation and fibrinolysis processes, but recent literature also indicates their central involvement in immune response, cancer progression and metastasis. During platelet activation, small extracellular vesicles (EVs) are released. The ascites are a fluid developing in the peritoneum of ovarian cancer patients in an advanced stage. This study analysed the expression of platelet markers GPIIb/IIIa and PF4 in small-EVs populations isolated from the ascitic fluid of patients with advanced ovarian cancer. The percentage of platelet-derived small-EVs was positively correlated with platelet distribution width to platelet count in sera (PDW/PLT), a surrogate indicator of platelet activation. Overall, we presented a method that can be helpful in future studies to determine the correlation between the extent of platelet activation in ascites and disease status. Abstract In ovarian cancer, ascites represent the microenvironment in which the platelets extravasate to play their role in the disease progression. We aimed to develop an assay to measure ascites’ platelet activation. We enriched small extracellular vesicles (EVs) (40–200 nm) from ascites of high-grade epithelial ovarian cancer patients (n = 12) using precipitation with polyethylene glycol, and we conducted single-particle phenotyping analysis by nano-flow cytometry after labelling and ultra-centrifugation. Atomic force microscopy single-particle nanomechanical analysis showed heterogeneous distributions in the size of the precipitated particles and their mechanical stiffness. Samples were fluorescently labelled with antibodies specific to the platelet markers GPIIb/IIIa and PF4, showing 2.6 to 18.16% of all particles stained positive for the biomarkers and, simultaneously, the EV membrane labelling. Single-particle phenotyping analysis allowed us to quantify the total number of non-EV particles, the number of small-EVs and the number of platelet-derived small-EVs, providing a platelet activation assessment independent of the ascites volume. The percentage of platelet-derived small-EVs was positively correlated with platelet distribution width to platelet count in sera (PDW/PLT). Overall, we presented a high-throughput method that can be helpful in future studies to determine the correlation between the extent of platelet activation in ascites and disease status.
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Li Y, Xin G, Li S, Dong Y, Zhu Y, Yu X, Wan C, Li F, Wei Z, Wang Y, Zhang K, Chen Q, Niu H, Huang W. PD-L1 Regulates Platelet Activation and Thrombosis via Caspase-3/GSDME Pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:921414. [PMID: 35784685 PMCID: PMC9240427 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.921414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelets play a central role in hemostasis and thrombosis, regulating the occurrence and development of thrombotic diseases, including ischemic stroke. Programmed death ligand 1 (PD-L1) has recently been detected in platelet, while the function of PD-L1 in platelets remain elusive. Our data reveal a novel mechanism for the role of PD-L1 on platelet activation and arterial thrombosis. PD-L1 knockout does not affect platelet morphology, count, and mean volume under homeostasis and without risk of bleeding, which inhibits platelet activation by suppressing outside-in-activation of integrin by downregulating the Caspase-3/GSDME pathway. Platelet adoptive transfer experiments demonstrate that PD-L1 knockout inhibits thrombosis. And the absence of PD-L1 improves ischemic stroke severity and increases mice survival. Immunohistochemical staining of the internal structure of the thrombus proves that PD-L1 enhances the seriousness of the thrombus by inhibiting platelet activation. This work reveals a regulatory role of PD-L1 on platelet activation and thrombosis while providing novel platelet intervention strategies to prevent thrombosis.
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Xu Y, He L, Fu Q, Hu J. Metabolic Reprogramming in the Tumor Microenvironment With Immunocytes and Immune Checkpoints. Front Oncol 2021; 11:759015. [PMID: 34858835 PMCID: PMC8632143 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.759015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs), Ipilimumab, Nivolumab, Pembrolizumab and Atezolizumab, have been applied in anti-tumor therapy and demonstrated exciting performance compared to conventional treatments. However, the unsatisfactory response rates, high recurrence and adaptive resistance limit their benefits. Metabolic reprogramming appears to be one of the crucial barriers to immunotherapy. The deprivation of required nutrients and altered metabolites not only promote tumor progression but also confer dysfunction on immune cells in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Glycolysis plays a central role in metabolic reprogramming and immunoregulation in the TME, and many therapies targeting glycolysis have been developed, and their combinations with ICIs are in preclinical and clinical trials. Additional attention has been paid to the role of amino acids, lipids, nucleotides and mitochondrial biogenesis in metabolic reprogramming and clinical anti-tumor therapy. This review attempts to describe reprogramming metabolisms within tumor cells and immune cells, from the aspects of glycolysis, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, nucleotide metabolism and mitochondrial biogenesis and their impact on immunity in the TME, as well as the significance of targeting metabolism in anti-tumor therapy, especially in combination with ICIs. In particular, we highlight the expression mechanism of programmed cell death (ligand) 1 [PD-(L)1] in tumor cells and immune cells under reprogramming metabolism, and discuss in detail the potential of targeting key metabolic pathways to break resistance and improve the efficacy of ICIs based on results from current preclinical and clinical trials. Besides, we draw out biomarkers of potential predictive value in ICIs treatment from a metabolic perspective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaolin Xu
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University/The People's Hospital of LiaoNing Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Lijie He
- Department of Oncology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University/The People's Hospital of LiaoNing Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Qiang Fu
- Department of Cardiology, The People's Hospital of China Medical University/The People's Hospital of LiaoNing Province, Shenyang, China
| | - Junzhe Hu
- The Second Clinic Medical College, China Medical University, Shenyang, China
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10
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Heilbroner SP, Few R, Mueller J, Chalwa J, Charest F, Suryadevara S, Kratt C, Gomez-Caminero A, Dreyfus B, Neilan TG. Predicting cardiac adverse events in patients receiving immune checkpoint inhibitors: a machine learning approach. J Immunother Cancer 2021; 9:e002545. [PMID: 34607896 PMCID: PMC8491414 DOI: 10.1136/jitc-2021-002545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/14/2021] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Treatment with immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) has been associated with an increased rate of cardiac events. There are limited data on the risk factors that predict cardiac events in patients treated with ICIs. Therefore, we created a machine learning (ML) model to predict cardiac events in this at-risk population. METHODS We leveraged the CancerLinQ database curated by the American Society of Clinical Oncology and applied an XGBoosted decision tree to predict cardiac events in patients taking programmed death receptor-1 (PD-1) or programmed death ligand-1 (PD-L1) therapy. All curated data from patients with non-small cell lung cancer, melanoma, and renal cell carcinoma, and who were prescribed PD-1/PD-L1 therapy between 2013 and 2019, were used for training, feature interpretation, and model performance evaluation. A total of 356 potential risk factors were included in the model, including elements of patient medical history, social history, vital signs, common laboratory tests, oncological history, medication history and PD-1/PD-L1-specific factors like PD-L1 tumor expression. RESULTS Our study population consisted of 4960 patients treated with PD-1/PD-L1 therapy, of whom 418 had a cardiac event. The following were key predictors of cardiac events: increased age, corticosteroids, laboratory abnormalities and medications suggestive of a history of heart disease, the extremes of weight, a lower baseline or on-treatment percentage of lymphocytes, and a higher percentage of neutrophils. The final model predicted cardiac events with an area under the curve-receiver operating characteristic of 0.65 (95% CI 0.58 to 0.75). Using our model, we divided patients into low-risk and high-risk subgroups. At 100 days, the cumulative incidence of cardiac events was 3.3% in the low-risk group and 6.1% in the high-risk group (p<0.001). CONCLUSIONS ML can be used to predict cardiac events in patients taking PD-1/PD-L1 therapy. Cardiac risk was driven by immunological factors (eg, percentage of lymphocytes), oncological factors (eg, low weight), and a cardiac history.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Reed Few
- Data Science, ConcertAI, New York, New York, USA
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Tomas G Neilan
- Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, Massachusetts, USA
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11
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Schuster E, Taftaf R, Reduzzi C, Albert MK, Romero-Calvo I, Liu H. Better together: circulating tumor cell clustering in metastatic cancer. Trends Cancer 2021; 7:1020-1032. [PMID: 34481763 PMCID: PMC8541931 DOI: 10.1016/j.trecan.2021.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Circulating tumor cells (CTCs) are vital components of liquid biopsies for diagnosis of residual cancer, monitoring of therapy response, and prognosis of recurrence. Scientific dogma focuses on metastasis mediated by single CTCs, but advancement of CTC detection technologies has elucidated multicellular CTC clusters, which are associated with unfavorable clinical outcomes and a 20- to 100-fold greater metastatic potential than single CTCs. While the mechanistic understanding of CTC cluster formation is still in its infancy, multiple cell adhesion molecules and tight junction proteins have been identified that underlie the outperforming attributes of homotypic and heterotypic CTC clusters, such as cell survival, cancer stemness, and immune evasion. Future directions include high-resolution characterization of CTCs at multiomic levels for diagnostic/prognostic evaluations and targeted therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emma Schuster
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Rokana Taftaf
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Driskill Graduate Program in Life Sciences, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Carolina Reduzzi
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Mary K Albert
- Biomedical Visualization Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Isabel Romero-Calvo
- Biomedical Visualization Graduate Program, Department of Biomedical and Health Information Sciences, College of Applied Health Sciences, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA
| | - Huiping Liu
- Department of Pharmacology, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA; Lurie Comprehensive Cancer Center and Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA.
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12
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Kanikarla Marie P, Fowlkes NW, Afshar-Kharghan V, Martch SL, Sorokin A, Shen JP, Morris VK, Dasari A, You N, Sood AK, Overman MJ, Kopetz S, Menter DG. The Provocative Roles of Platelets in Liver Disease and Cancer. Front Oncol 2021; 11:643815. [PMID: 34367949 PMCID: PMC8335590 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.643815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Both platelets and the liver play important roles in the processes of coagulation and innate immunity. Platelet responses at the site of an injury are rapid; their immediate activation and structural changes minimize the loss of blood. The majority of coagulation proteins are produced by the liver—a multifunctional organ that also plays a critical role in many processes: removal of toxins and metabolism of fats, proteins, carbohydrates, and drugs. Chronic inflammation, trauma, or other causes of irreversible damage to the liver can dysregulate these pathways leading to organ and systemic abnormalities. In some cases, platelet-to-lymphocyte ratios can also be a predictor of disease outcome. An example is cirrhosis, which increases the risk of bleeding and prothrombotic events followed by activation of platelets. Along with a triggered coagulation cascade, the platelets increase the risk of pro-thrombotic events and contribute to cancer progression and metastasis. This progression and the resulting tissue destruction is physiologically comparable to a persistent, chronic wound. Various cancers, including colorectal cancer, have been associated with increased thrombocytosis, platelet activation, platelet-storage granule release, and thrombosis; anti-platelet agents can reduce cancer risk and progression. However, in cancer patients with pre-existing liver disease who are undergoing chemotherapy, the risk of thrombotic events becomes challenging to manage due to their inherent risk for bleeding. Chemotherapy, also known to induce damage to the liver, further increases the frequency of thrombotic events. Depending on individual patient risks, these factors acting together can disrupt the fragile balance between pro- and anti-coagulant processes, heightening liver thrombogenesis, and possibly providing a niche for circulating tumor cells to adhere to—thus promoting both liver metastasis and cancer-cell survival following treatment (that is, with minimal residual disease in the liver).
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kanikarla Marie
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Natalie W Fowlkes
- Department of Veterinary Medicine and Surgery, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Vahid Afshar-Kharghan
- Division of Internal Medicine, Benign Hematology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Stephanie L Martch
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Alexey Sorokin
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - John Paul Shen
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Van K Morris
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Arvind Dasari
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Nancy You
- Department of Surgical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Anil K Sood
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Michael J Overman
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
| | - David George Menter
- Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, United States
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13
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Rojko L, Megyesfalvi Z, Czibula E, Reiniger L, Teglasi V, Szegedi Z, Szallasi Z, Dome B, Moldvay J. Longitudinal analysis of complete blood count parameters in advanced-stage lung cancer patients. Thorac Cancer 2020; 11:3193-3204. [PMID: 32941706 PMCID: PMC7605999 DOI: 10.1111/1759-7714.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2020] [Revised: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Metastatic lung cancer is a debilitating disease, but with the advances in immunotherapy, therapeutic options have vastly increased. Numerous complete blood count parameters (CBC) have been described as easily accessible biomarkers that might predict response to immunotherapy. However, to date, no comprehensive study has been performed on the longitudinal changes of these parameters during cancer progression. METHODS The clinicopathological variables and CBC parameters of 986 advanced stage lung cancer patients were retrospectively analyzed. Blood tests were performed as part of the routine checkup and the results were recorded at the time of the diagnosis of the primary tumor, the diagnosis of brain or bone metastases, and also during the last available follow-up. RESULTS In the experimental subcohort, 352 and 466 patients were diagnosed with brain and bone metastases, respectively. The control group consisted of 168 patients without clinically detectable or other distant organ metastases. In our longitudinal analyses, we found significantly decreasing absolute lymphocyte count (ALC: P < 0.001), and significantly increasing absolute neutrophil count (ANC: P < 0.001) levels in all patient subgroups, irrespective of histopathological type and metastatic site. Interestingly, patients with brain metastases had significantly descending-ascending platelet count (PLT) trendlines (P < 0.001), while the bone metastatic subgroup exhibited significantly ascending-descending trendlines (P = 0.043). CONCLUSIONS Significantly decreasing ALC, significantly increasing ANC and fluctuating PLT levels may be found in brain and bone metastatic lung cancer patients during disease progression. Our findings might contribute to improve personalized healthcare in this devastating malignancy. KEY POINTS SIGNIFICANT FINDINGS OF THE STUDY: Significantly decreasing ALC, and significantly increasing ANC levels can be found in advanced-stage lung cancer patients during disease progression Patients with brain metastases have descending-ascending PLT trendlines, while patients with bone metastases exhibit ascending-descending trendlines during disease progression WHAT THIS STUDY ADDS: The descending values for ALC, and the ascending mean values for PLT and ANC, might be suggestive of poor response to second- or third-line immunotherapy in advanced-stage lung cancer patients. The current study might help to improve patient selection and treatment strategies for brain and/or bone metastatic lung cancer patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Livia Rojko
- 1st Department of PulmonologyNational Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
| | - Zsolt Megyesfalvi
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic SurgerySemmelweis University and National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of SurgeryComprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Eszter Czibula
- 4th Department PulmonologyNational Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
| | - Lilla Reiniger
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Vanda Teglasi
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zsolt Szegedi
- 1st Department of Pathology and Experimental Cancer ResearchSemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
| | - Zoltan Szallasi
- Hungarian Brain Research Program, 2nd Department of PathologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
- Computational Health Informatics ProgramBoston Children's Hospital, USA, Harvard Medical SchoolBostonMassachusettsUSA
- Danish Cancer Society Research CenterCopenhagenDenmark
| | - Balazs Dome
- Department of Tumor BiologyNational Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Department of Thoracic SurgerySemmelweis University and National Institute of OncologyBudapestHungary
- Division of Thoracic Surgery, Department of SurgeryComprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of ViennaViennaAustria
| | - Judit Moldvay
- 1st Department of PulmonologyNational Koranyi Institute of PulmonologyBudapestHungary
- Hungarian Brain Research Program, 2nd Department of PathologySemmelweis UniversityBudapestHungary
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14
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Petroni G, Formenti SC, Chen-Kiang S, Galluzzi L. Immunomodulation by anticancer cell cycle inhibitors. Nat Rev Immunol 2020; 20:669-679. [PMID: 32346095 DOI: 10.1038/s41577-020-0300-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 81] [Impact Index Per Article: 20.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/24/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Cell cycle proteins that are often dysregulated in malignant cells, such as cyclin-dependent kinase 4 (CDK4) and CDK6, have attracted considerable interest as potential targets for cancer therapy. In this context, multiple inhibitors of CDK4 and CDK6 have been developed, including three small molecules (palbociclib, abemaciclib and ribociclib) that are currently approved for the treatment of patients with breast cancer and are being extensively tested in individuals with other solid and haematological malignancies. Accumulating preclinical and clinical evidence indicates that the anticancer activity of CDK4/CDK6 inhibitors results not only from their ability to block the cell cycle in malignant cells but also from a range of immunostimulatory effects. In this Review, we discuss the ability of anticancer cell cycle inhibitors to modulate various immune functions in support of effective antitumour immunity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Petroni
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Silvia C Formenti
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA.,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Selina Chen-Kiang
- Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Pathology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
| | - Lorenzo Galluzzi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA. .,Sandra and Edward Meyer Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA. .,Caryl and Israel Englander Institute for Precision Medicine, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Dermatology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA. .,Université de Paris, Paris, France.
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15
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Luzo AC, Fávaro WJ, Seabra AB, Durán N. What is the potential use of platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) in cancer treatment? A mini review. Heliyon 2020; 6:e03660. [PMID: 32258495 PMCID: PMC7113436 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2020.e03660] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2019] [Revised: 01/17/2020] [Accepted: 03/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Platelet-rich-plasma (PRP) is an autologous human platelet concentrate extracted from plasma. PRP has been investigated in order to be used in many fields, with emphasis on the musculoskeletal field applied to sports injuries, as well as on other medical fields such as cardiac surgery, gynecology, pediatric surgery, urology, ophthalmology and plastic surgery. Cancer treatment is another important field where PRP should be investigated; thus, it is important validating PRP preparation protocols to be used in clinical research. Many protocols should be revised since, overall, most studies do not provide necessary information to allow them to be multiplied or replicated. The current review focuses on several topics about cancer, mainly on innovative studies about PRP use as a feasible therapeutic alternative to treat bladder cancer - a field where it could play a key role. Relevant aspects such as platelets' contribution to immune regulation and the supportive role they play in innate and adaptive immune functions are also addressed. Another important topic reviewed in the current study refers to inflammatory process regulation associated with cancer and thrombosis sites, which indicated that tumor-induced platelet activation could be used as an important therapeutic target in the future. New aspects concerning nitric oxide's ability to restrain platelet adhesion and aggregation in order to slow metastasis progress in cancer patients provide an important advantage in cancer treatment. Finally, the current review has pointed out perspectives and the main concerns about, and possibilities of, PRP use in cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela C.M. Luzo
- Transfusion Medicine Service, Stem Cell Processing Laboratory, Umbilical Cord Blood Bank, Haematology Hemotherapy Center,University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, Brazil
| | - Wagner J. Fávaro
- Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Amedea B. Seabra
- Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
| | - Nelson Durán
- Laboratory of Urogenital Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy, Department of Structural and Functional Biology, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas, SP, Brazil
- Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed), Center for Natural and Human Sciences (CCNH), Federal University of ABC (UFABC), Santo André, Brazil
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16
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Green SM, Padula MP, Marks DC, Johnson L. The Lipid Composition of Platelets and the Impact of Storage: An Overview. Transfus Med Rev 2020; 34:108-116. [PMID: 31987597 DOI: 10.1016/j.tmrv.2019.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 12/01/2019] [Accepted: 12/07/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lipids and bioactive lipid mediators are essential for platelet function. The lipid profile of platelets is highly dynamic due to free exchange of lipids with the plasma, release of extracellular vesicles, and both enzymatic and nonenzymatic lipid conversion. The lipidome of platelets changes in response to activation to accommodate the functional requirements of platelets, particularly for maintenance of hemostasis. Furthermore, when stored at room temperature as a component for transfusion, the lipid profile of platelets is altered. Although there is a growing interest in alternate storage conditions, such as refrigeration and cryopreservation, few contemporary studies have examined the impact of these storage modes on the lipid profile. However, evidence exists that bioactive lipid mediators produced over the storage of blood products may have functional implications once these products are transfused. As such, there is a need to determine the changes occurring to the lipid profile of these products over storage. This review outlines the role of lipids in platelets and discusses the current state of lipidomics for studying platelet components for transfusion in an effort to highlight the necessity for additional transfusion-focused investigations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah M Green
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia; School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Matthew P Padula
- School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Denese C Marks
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia; Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Camperdown, NSW, Australia
| | - Lacey Johnson
- Research & Development, Australian Red Cross Blood Service, Alexandria, NSW, Australia.
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17
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Pantazi D, Ntemou N, Brentas A, Alivertis D, Skobridis K, Tselepis AD. Molecular Requirements for the Expression of Antiplatelet Effects by Synthetic Structural Optimized Analogues of the Anticancer Drugs Imatinib and Nilotinib. DRUG DESIGN DEVELOPMENT AND THERAPY 2019; 13:4225-4238. [PMID: 31849454 PMCID: PMC6913343 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s211907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2019] [Accepted: 08/12/2019] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Platelets play important roles in cancer progression and metastasis, as well as in cancer-associated thrombosis (CAT). Tyrosine kinases are implicated in several intracellular signaling pathways involved in tumor biology, thus tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) represent an important class of anticancer drugs, based on the concept of targeted therapy. Purpose The objective of this study is the design and synthesis of analogues of the TKIs imatinib and nilotinib in order to develop tyrosine kinase inhibitors, by investigating their molecular requirements, which would express antiplatelet properties. Methods Based on a recently described by us improved approach in the preparation of imatinib and/or nilotinib analogues, we designed and synthesized in five-step reaction sequences, 8 analogues of imatinib (I-IV), nilotinib (V, VI) and imatinib/nilotinib (VII, VIII). Their inhibitory effects on platelet aggregation and P-selectin membrane expression induced by arachidonic acid (AA), adenosine diphosphate (ADP) and thrombin receptor activating peptide-6 (TRAP-6), in vitro, were studied. Molecular docking studies and calculations were also performed. Results The novel analogues V-VIII were well established with the aid of spectroscopic methods. Imatinib and nilotinib inhibited AA-induced platelet aggregation, exhibiting IC50 values of 13.30 μΜ and 3.91 μΜ, respectively. Analogues I and II exhibited an improved inhibitory activity compared with imatinib. Among the nilotinib analogues, V exhibited a 9-fold higher activity than nilotinib. All compounds were less efficient in inhibiting platelet aggregation towards ADP and TRAP-6. Similar results were obtained for the membrane expression of P-selectin. Molecular docking studies showed that the improved antiplatelet activity of nilotinib analogue V is primarily attributed to the number and the strength of hydrogen bonds. Conclusion Our results show that there is considerable potential to develop synthetic analogues of imatinib and nilotinib, as TKIs with antiplatelet properties and therefore being suitable to target cancer progression and metastasis, as well as CAT by inhibiting platelet activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Despoina Pantazi
- Department of Chemistry, Atherothrombosis Research Centre, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Nikoleta Ntemou
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Alexios Brentas
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Dimitrios Alivertis
- Department of Biological Applications and Technology, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Konstantinos Skobridis
- Department of Chemistry, Section of Organic Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
| | - Alexandros D Tselepis
- Department of Chemistry, Atherothrombosis Research Centre, Laboratory of Biochemistry, University of Ioannina, Ioannina 45110, Greece
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18
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Teeuwssen M, Fodde R. Cell Heterogeneity and Phenotypic Plasticity in Metastasis Formation: The Case of Colon Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2019; 11:cancers11091368. [PMID: 31540068 PMCID: PMC6770401 DOI: 10.3390/cancers11091368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2019] [Revised: 09/09/2019] [Accepted: 09/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The adenoma-to-carcinoma progression in colon cancer is driven by a sequential accumulation of genetic alterations at specific tumor suppressors and oncogenes. In contrast, the multistage route from the primary site to metastasis formation is underlined by phenotypic plasticity, i.e., the capacity of disseminated tumor cells to undergo transiently and reversible transformations in order to adapt to the ever-changing environmental contexts. Notwithstanding the considerable body of evidence in support of the role played by epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT)/mesenchymal-to-epithelial transition (MET) in metastasis, its rate-limiting function, the detailed underlying cellular and molecular mechanisms, and the extension of the necessary morphologic and epigenetic changes are still a matter of debate. Rather than leading to a complete epithelial or mesenchymal state, the EMT/MET-program generates migrating cancer cells displaying intermediate phenotypes featuring both epithelial and mesenchymal characteristics. In this review, we will address the role of colon cancer heterogeneity and phenotypic plasticity in metastasis formation and the contribution of EMT to these processes. The alleged role of hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) in collective and/or single-cell migration during local dissemination at the primary site and more systemic spreading will also be highlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Miriam Teeuwssen
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
| | - Riccardo Fodde
- Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus University Medical Center, 3015 GD Rotterdam, The Netherlands.
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19
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Kanikarla-Marie P, Kopetz S, Hawk ET, Millward SW, Sood AK, Gresele P, Overman M, Honn K, Menter DG. Bioactive lipid metabolism in platelet "first responder" and cancer biology. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2019; 37:439-454. [PMID: 30112590 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-018-9755-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Platelets can serve as "first responders" in cancer and metastasis. This is partly due to bioactive lipid metabolism that drives both platelet and cancer biology. The two primary eicosanoid metabolites that maintain platelet rapid response homeostasis are prostacyclin made by endothelial cells that inhibits platelet function, which is counterbalanced by thromboxane produced by platelets during activation, aggregation, and platelet recruitment. Both of these arachidonic acid metabolites are inherently unstable due to their chemical structure. Tumor cells by contrast predominantly make more chemically stable prostaglandin E2, which is the primary bioactive lipid associated with inflammation and oncogenesis. Pharmacological, clinical, and epidemiologic studies demonstrate that non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), which target cyclooxygenases, can help prevent cancer. Much of the molecular and biological impact of these drugs is generally accepted in the field. Cyclooxygenases catalyze the rate-limiting production of substrate used by all synthase molecules, including those that produce prostaglandins along with prostacyclin and thromboxane. Additional eicosanoid metabolites include lipoxygenases, leukotrienes, and resolvins that can also influence platelets, inflammation, and carcinogenesis. Our knowledge base and technology are now progressing toward identifying newer molecular and cellular interactions that are leading to revealing additional targets. This review endeavors to summarize new developments in the field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Preeti Kanikarla-Marie
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Scott Kopetz
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Ernest T Hawk
- Office of the Vice President Cancer Prevention and Population Science, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Steven W Millward
- Cancer Systems Imaging, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Anil K Sood
- Gynocologic Oncology and Reproductive Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Department of Cancer Biology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.,Center for RNA Interference and Non-Coding RNA, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Paolo Gresele
- Department of Medicine, Section of Internal and Cardiovascular Medicine, University of Perugia, Via E. Dal Pozzo, 06126, Perugia, Italy
| | - Michael Overman
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA
| | - Kenneth Honn
- Bioactive Lipids Research Program, Department of Pathology, Wayne State University, 5101 Cass Ave. 430 Chemistry, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Pathology, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 431 Chemistry Bldg, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Cancer Biology Division, Wayne State University School of Medicine, 431 Chemistry Bldg, Detroit, MI, 48202, USA.,Department of Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, M. D. Anderson Cancer Center, 1515 Holcombe Boulevard--Unit 0426, Houston, TX, 77030, USA
| | - David G Menter
- Gastrointestinal Medical Oncology, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, 77054, USA.
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20
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Zhang H, Lu J, Jiao Y, Chen Q, Li M, Wang Z, Yu Z, Huang X, Yao A, Gao Q, Xie W, Li L, Yao P. Aspirin Inhibits Natural Killer/T-Cell Lymphoma by Modulation of VEGF Expression and Mitochondrial Function. Front Oncol 2019; 8:679. [PMID: 30693272 PMCID: PMC6339948 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2018.00679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2018] [Accepted: 12/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Extranodal nasal-type natural killer/T-cell lymphoma (NKTCL) is an Epstein-Barr virus (EBV)-associated lymphoma with a strong tendency relapse or be refractory in response to chemotherapy. Development of a new strategy for NKTCL treatment is still quite necessary. In this study, we found that aspirin treatment suppresses VEGF expression in NKTCL SNK-6 cells. Further investigation showed that aspirin treatment increases histone methylation in the range of −100~0 that is proximal to the transcription start site on the VEGF promoter, subsequently decreasing the binding ability of Sp1 to the VEGF promoter with VEGF suppression. Furthermore, aspirin treatment modulates mitochondrial function with increased ROS formation and apoptosis in NKTCL cells. Aspirin treatment alone slightly inhibits NKTCL SNK-6 tumor growth and EBV replication; while in the presence of histone deacetylase inhibitor (HDACi) chidamide (CDM), aspirin significantly suppresses the VEGF signaling pathway with increased ROS overgeneration and EBV inhibition. We also showed that with the addition of chidamide, aspirin significantly suppresses NKTCL tumor growth in both in vitro cell culture and in vivo mouse model with prolonged mouse survival. This is the first time that the potential mechanism for aspirin-mediated VEGF suppression and anti-tumor effect has been discovered, and this study provides a new strategy for anti-tumor drug development for NKTCL treatment based on aspirin-mediated targeting of the VEGF signaling pathway and ROS formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongyu Zhang
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Jianping Lu
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yun Jiao
- Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Min Li
- Institute of Rehabilitation Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Zichen Wang
- Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China
| | - Zhendong Yu
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiaodong Huang
- Institute of Rehabilitation Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Athena Yao
- Institute of Rehabilitation Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qiong Gao
- Department of Gynecology, The Eighth Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Weiguo Xie
- Institute of Rehabilitation Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ling Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Paul Yao
- Department of Hematology, Peking University Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Child Psychiatry, Kangning Hospital of Shenzhen, Shenzhen, China.,Department of Pediatrics, Hainan Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haikou, China.,Institute of Rehabilitation Center, Tongren Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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Cordero OJ, Varela-Calviño R. Oral hygiene might prevent cancer. Heliyon 2018; 4:e00879. [PMID: 30417145 PMCID: PMC6218413 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Many evidences support that species from the Human Oral Microbiome Database such as Fusobacterium nucleatum or Bacteroides, linked previously to periodontitis and appendicitis, play a role in colorectal cancer (CRC), including metastasis. These typically oral species are invasive anaerobes that form biofilms in their virulent state. Aspirin (a NSAID) has been recently included into routine CRC prevention rationale. NSAIDs can prevent the growth of neoplastic lesions by inhibiting COX enzymes and another set of recently identified COX-independent targets, which include the WNT, AMPK and MTOR signaling pathways, the crosstalk between nucleoli and NF-κB transcriptional activity in apoptosis, and the biochemistry of platelets. These are signaling pathways related to tumor-promoting inflammation. In this process, pathogens or simple deregulation of the microbiota play an important role in CRC. Aspirin and other NSAIDs are efficient inhibitors of biofilm formation and able to control periodontitis development preventing inflammation related to the microbiota of the gingival tissue, so its seems plausible to include this pathway in the mechanisms that aspirin uses to prevent CRC. We propose arguments suggesting that current oral hygiene methods and other future developments against periodontitis might prevent CRC and probably other cancers, alone or in combination with other options; and that the multidisciplinary studies needed to prove this hypothesis might be relevant for cancer prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oscar J. Cordero
- University of Santiago de Compostela, Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Campus Vida, 15782 Santiago de Compostela, Spain
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