1
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Wujcicka WI, Zając A, Szyłło K, Romanowicz H, Smolarz B, Stachowiak G. Associations between Single Nucleotide Polymorphisms from the Genes of Chemokines and the CXCR2 Chemokine Receptor and an Increased Risk of Endometrial Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2023; 15:5416. [PMID: 38001676 PMCID: PMC10670474 DOI: 10.3390/cancers15225416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2023] [Revised: 11/09/2023] [Accepted: 11/10/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Significant relationships with endometrial cancer were demonstrated, both for CCL2, CCL5, and CXCL8 chemokines and for the chemokine receptor CXCR2. The reported case-control study of genetic associations was designed to establish the role of selected single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the CCL2, CCL5, CXCL8, and CXCR2 genes in the onset and progression of endometrial cancer. This study was conducted on 282 women, including 132 (46.8%) patients with endometrial cancer and 150 (53.2%) non-cancerous controls. The genotypes for CCL2 rs4586, CCL5 rs2107538 and rs2280789, CXCL8 rs2227532 and -738 T>A, and CXCR2 rs1126580 were determined, using PCR-RFLP assays. The AA homozygotes in CCL5 rs2107538 were associated with more than a quadruple risk of endometrial cancer (p ≤ 0.050). The GA heterozygotes in the CXCR2 SNP were associated with approximately threefold higher cancer risk (p ≤ 0.001). That association also remained significant after certain adjustments, carried out for age, diabetes mellitus, arterial hypertension, or endometrial thickness above 5 mm (p ≤ 0.050). The A-A haplotypes for the CCL5 polymorphisms and T-A-A haplotypes for the CCL2 and CCL5 SNPs were associated with about a twofold risk of endometrial cancer (p ≤ 0.050). In conclusion, CCL2 rs4586, CCL5 rs2107538 and rs2280789, and CXCR2 rs1126580 demonstrated significant associations with an increased risk of endometrial cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wioletta Izabela Wujcicka
- Scientific Laboratory of the Center of Medical Laboratory Diagnostics and Screening, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Zając
- Department of Operative Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (A.Z.); (K.S.); (G.S.)
| | - Krzysztof Szyłło
- Department of Operative Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (A.Z.); (K.S.); (G.S.)
- Department of Operative and Endoscopic Gynecology, Medical University of Lodz, 93-338 Lodz, Poland
| | - Hanna Romanowicz
- Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Beata Smolarz
- Laboratory of Cancer Genetics of the Department of Clinical Pathomorphology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland;
| | - Grzegorz Stachowiak
- Department of Operative Gynecology and Gynecologic Oncology, Polish Mother’s Memorial Hospital—Research Institute, 93-338 Lodz, Poland; (A.Z.); (K.S.); (G.S.)
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2
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Ichinose Y, Hasebe T, Hirasaki M, Sakakibara A, Yokogawa H, Nukui A, Hiratsuka M, Fujimoto A, Iso C, Wakui N, Shibasaki S, Kamada K, Suzuki N, Kamakura Y, Yasuda M, Aya A, Shimada H, Matsuura K, Ishiguro H, Osaki A, Saeki T. Vimentin-positive invasive breast carcinoma of no special type: A breast carcinoma with lethal biological characteristics. Pathol Int 2023; 73:413-433. [PMID: 37378453 DOI: 10.1111/pin.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Vimentin is a stable mesenchymal immunohistochemical marker and is widely recognized as a major marker of mesenchymal tumors. The purpose of the present study was to investigate if the vimentin expression status might serve as a significant predictor of outcomes in patients with invasive breast carcinoma of no special type (IBC-NST) and to investigate, by comprehensive RNA sequencing analyses, the mechanisms involved in the heightened malignant potential of vimentin-positive IBC-NSTs. This study, conducted using the data of 855 patients with IBC-NST, clearly identified vimentin expression status as a very important independent biological parameter for accurately predicting the outcomes in patients with IBC-NST. RNA sequence analyses clearly demonstrated significant upregulation of coding RNAs known to be closely associated with cell proliferation or cellular senescence, and significant downregulation of coding RNAs known to be closely associated with transmembrane transport in vimentin-positive IBC-NSTs. We conclude that vimentin-positive IBC-NSTs show heightened malignant biological characteristics, possibly attributable to the upregulation of RNAs closely associated with proliferative activity and cellular senescence, and downregulation of RNAs closely associated with transmembrane transport in IBC-NSTs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuki Ichinose
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Takahiro Hasebe
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masataka Hirasaki
- Department of Clinical Cancer Genomics, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Ayaka Sakakibara
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hideki Yokogawa
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Asami Nukui
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Miyuki Hiratsuka
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiro Fujimoto
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Chihiro Iso
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Noriko Wakui
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Satomi Shibasaki
- Community Health Science Center, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Koichi Kamada
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Nobuyuki Suzuki
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Yasuo Kamakura
- Department of Clinical Cancer Genomics, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Masanori Yasuda
- Department of Pathology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Asano Aya
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University, Iruma, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroko Shimada
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Kazuo Matsuura
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Hiroshi Ishiguro
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Akihiko Osaki
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
| | - Toshiaki Saeki
- Department of Breast Oncology, Saitama Medical University International Medical Center, Hidaka City, Saitama, Japan
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3
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Popek-Marciniec S, Styk W, Wojcierowska-Litwin M, Szudy-Szczyrek A, Dudek P, Swiderska-Kolacz G, Czerwik-Marcinkowska J, Zmorzynski S. The Relationship of CCL5 and CCR1 Variants with Response Rate and Survival Taking into Account Thalidomide/Bortezomib Treatment in Patients with Multiple Myeloma. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12062384. [PMID: 36983384 PMCID: PMC10056693 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12062384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2023] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Chemokines and chemokine receptors play an important role in tumor development. The aim of this study was to check the significance of CCL5 and CCR1 variants with response rate, survival, and the level of regulated on activation, normal T cells expressed and secreted (RANTES/CCL5) in multiple myeloma (MM) patients; (2) Methods: Genomic DNA from 101 newly diagnosed MM patients and 100 healthy blood donors were analyzed by Real-time PCR method (for CCL5 and CCR1 genotyping). In a subgroup of 70 MM patients, serum samples were collected to determine the level of RANTES; (3) Results: multivariate Cox regression showed increased risk of disease relapse or progression (HR = 4.77; p = 0.01) in MM patients with CG + CC genotypes of CCL5 rs2280788. In contrast, CT + TT genotypes of CCL5 rs2107538 were associated withdecreased risk of death (HR = 0.18; p = 0.028) and disease relapse or progression (HR = 0.26; p = 0.01). In MM patients with major genotypes of rs2280789, rs2280788, and rs2107538, higher survival rates were observed in response to treatment with thalidomide and bortezomib. Statistically significant lower RANTES levels were seen in minor genotypes and heterozygotes of CCL5 and CCR1 variants; (4) Conclusions: Major genotypes of CCL5 variants may be independent positive prognostic factors in MM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Popek-Marciniec
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Wojciech Styk
- Department of Psychology, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | | | - Aneta Szudy-Szczyrek
- Chair and Department of Hematooncology and Bone Marrow Transplantation, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | - Paul Dudek
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
| | | | | | - Szymon Zmorzynski
- Department of Cancer Genetics with Cytogenetic Laboratory, Medical University of Lublin, 20-059 Lublin, Poland
- Correspondence:
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4
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Zhan C, Jin Y, Xu X, Shao J, Jin C. Antitumor therapy for breast cancer: Focus on tumor-associated macrophages and nanosized drug delivery systems. Cancer Med 2023. [PMID: 36794651 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.5489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2022] [Revised: 10/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In breast cancer (BC), tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are an important component of the tumor microenvironment and are closely related to poor prognosis. A growing number of studies have focused on the role of TAMs in BC progression and therapeutic strategies targeting TAMs. As an emerging treatment, the application of nanosized drug delivery systems (NDDSs) in the treatment of BC by targeting TAMs has attracted much attention. AIMS This review is to summarize the characteristics and treatment strategies targeting TAMs in BC and to clarify the applications of NDDSs targeting TAMs in the treatment of BC by targeting TAMs. MATERIALS & METHODS The existing results related to characteristics of TAMs in BC, BC treatment strategies by targeting TAMs, and the applications of NDDSs in these strategies are described. Through analyzing these results, the advantages and disadvantages of the treatment strategies using NDDSs are discussed, which could provide advices on designing NDDSs for BC treatment. RESULTS TAMs are one of the most prominent noncancer cell types in BC. TAMs not only promote angiogenesis, tumor growth and metastasis but also lead to therapeutic resistance and immunosuppression. Mainly four strategies have been used to target TAMs for BC therapy, which include depleting macrophages, blocking recruitment, reprogramming to attain an anti-tumor phenotype, and increasing phagocytosis. Since NDDSs can efficiently deliver drugs to TAMs with low toxicity, they are promising approaches for targeting TAMs in tumor therapy. NDDSs with various structures can deliver immunotherapeutic agents and nucleic acid therapeutics to TAMs. In addition, NDDSs can realize combination therapies. DISCUSSION TAMs play a critical role in the progression of BC. An increasing number of strategies have been proposed to regulate TAMs. Compared with free drugs, NDDSs targeting TAMs improve drug concentration, reduce toxicity and realize combination therapies. However, in order to achieve better therapeutic efficacy, there are still some disadvantages that need to be considered in the design of NDDSs. CONCLUSION TAMs play an important role in the progression of BC, and targeting TAMs is a promising strategy for BC therapy. In particular, NDDSs targeting TAMs have unique advantages and are potential treatments for BC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuiping Zhan
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Ying Jin
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Xinzhi Xu
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China.,Department of Ultrasound, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Jiangbo Shao
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chunxiang Jin
- Department of Ultrasound, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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5
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Kaul K, Misri S, Ramaswamy B, Ganju RK. Contribution of the tumor and obese microenvironment to triple negative breast cancer. Cancer Lett 2021; 509:115-120. [PMID: 33798632 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2021.03.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2021] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 03/24/2021] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
The growing burden of obesity and incidence of the aggressive triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a challenge, especially amongst vulnerable populations with unmet medical needs and higher mortality from breast cancer. While some mechanisms linking obesity and TNBC have been identified, the complex nature of pathogenesis, in both obesity as well as TNBC poses a real challenge in establishing a causative role of obesity in risk of TNBC. In this review article, we discuss pathological mechanisms identified in the tumor microenvironment (TME) as well as the obese microenvironment (OME), such as inflammation, insulin resistance and survival pathways that contribute to the development and progression of TNBC. Insights into the cross-talk between TME and OME, and their contribution to TNBC development and progression, may pave the way for personalized therapies against TNBC progression, relapse and metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirti Kaul
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA; Department of Pathology, USA
| | | | | | - Ramesh K Ganju
- Comprehensive Cancer Center, USA; Department of Pathology, USA.
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6
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Lin XD, Lin N, Lin TT, Wu YP, Huang P, Ke ZB, Lin YZ, Chen SH, Zheng QS, Wei Y, Xue XY, Lin RJ, Xu N. Identification of marker genes and cell subtypes in castration-resistant prostate cancer cells. J Cancer 2021; 12:1249-1257. [PMID: 33442423 PMCID: PMC7797644 DOI: 10.7150/jca.49409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 12/01/2020] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The diverse tumor cell populations may be the critical roles in relapse and resistance to treatment in prostate cancer patients. This study aimed to identify new marker genes and cell subtypes among castration-resistant prostate cancer (CRPC) cells. We downloaded single-cell RNA seq profiles (GSE67980) from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database. Principal component (PC) analysis and t-Distributed Stochastic Neighbor Embedding (TSNE) analysis were performed to identify marker genes. CRPC cells were clustered and annotated. GO and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses among marker genes were performed. A total of 1500 genes with larger standardized variance were obtained. The top 20 genes were demonstrated in each identified 20 PCs. PC with P-value < 0.05 was selected, including PC1, PC7, PC8, and PC14. The TSNE analysis classified cells as two clusters. The top 6 genes in cluster 0 included HBB, CCL5, SLITRK4, GZMB, BBIP1, and PF4V1. Plus, the top 6 genes in cluster 1 included MLEC, CCT8, CCT3, EPCAM, TMPRSS2, EIF4G2. The GO analysis revealed that these marker genes were mainly enriched in RNA catabolic process, translational initiation, mitochondrial inner membrane, cytosolic part, ribosome, cell adhesion molecule binding, cadherin binding, and structural constituent of ribosome. The KEGG analysis showed that these marker genes mainly enriched in metabolism associated pathways, including carbon metabolism, cysteine and methionine metabolism, propanoate metabolism, pyruvate metabolism, and citrate cycle pathways. To conclude, our results provide essential insights into the spectrum of cellular heterogeneity within human CRPC cells. These marker genes, GO terms and pathways may be critical in the development and progression of human CRPC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Dan Lin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ning Lin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ting-Ting Lin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yu-Peng Wu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Zhi-Bin Ke
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yun-Zhi Lin
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Shao-Hao Chen
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Qing-Shui Zheng
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Yong Wei
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Xue-Yi Xue
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Rong-Jin Lin
- Department of Nursing, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
| | - Ning Xu
- Department of Urology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou 350005, China
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7
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Dukhinova M, Kokinos E, Kuchur P, Komissarov A, Shtro A. Macrophage-derived cytokines in pneumonia: Linking cellular immunology and genetics. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2020; 59:46-61. [PMID: 33342718 PMCID: PMC8035975 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2020.11.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2020] [Revised: 11/24/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Macrophages represent the first line of anti-pathogen defense - they encounter invading pathogens to perform the phagocytic activity, to deliver the plethora of pro- and anti-inflammatory cytokines, and to shape the tissue microenvironment. Throughout pneumonia course, alveolar macrophages and infiltrated blood monocytes produce increasing cytokine amounts, which activates the antiviral/antibacterial immunity but can also provoke the risk of the so-called cytokine “storm” and normal tissue damage. Subsequently, the question of how the cytokine spectrum is shaped and balanced in the pneumonia context remains a hot topic in medical immunology, particularly in the COVID19 pandemic era. The diversity in cytokine profiles, involved in pneumonia pathogenesis, is determined by the variations in cytokine-receptor interactions, which may lead to severe cytokine storm and functional decline of particular tissues and organs, for example, cardiovascular and respiratory systems. Cytokines and their receptors form unique profiles in individual patients, depending on the (a) microenvironmental context (comorbidities and associated treatment), (b) lung monocyte heterogeneity, and (c) genetic variations. These multidisciplinary strategies can be proactively considered beforehand and during the pneumonia course and potentially allow the new age of personalized immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina Dukhinova
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia.
| | - Elena Kokinos
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Polina Kuchur
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Alexey Komissarov
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Anna Shtro
- International Institute "Solution Chemistry of Advanced Materials and Technology", ITMO University, St. Petersburg, Russia; Department of Chemotherapy, Smorodintsev Research Institute of Influenza, St. Petersburg, Russia
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8
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Karin N. The Development and Homing of Myeloid-Derived Suppressor Cells: From a Two-Stage Model to a Multistep Narrative. Front Immunol 2020; 11:557586. [PMID: 33193327 PMCID: PMC7649122 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.557586] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2020] [Accepted: 09/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Myeloid-derived suppressor cells (MDSC) represent a heterogeneous population of immature myeloid cells. Under normal conditions, they differentiate into macrophages, dendritic cells, and granulocytes. Under pathological conditions, such as chronic inflammation, or cancer, they tend to maintain their immature state as immature myeloid cells that, within the tumor microenvironment, become suppressor cells and assist tumor escape from immune eradication. MDSC are comprised of two major subsets: monocytic MDSC (M-MDSC) and polymorphonuclear MDSC (PMN-MDSC). Monocytic myeloid cells give rise to monocytic cells, whereas PMN-MDSC share similarities with neutrophils. Based on their biological activities, a two-stage model that includes the mobilization of the periphery as myeloid cells and their activation within the tumor microenvironment converting them into suppressor cells was previously suggested by D. Gabrilovich. From the migratory viewpoint, we are suggesting a more complex setup. It starts with crosstalk between the tumor site and the hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs) at the bone marrow (BM) and secondary lymphatic organs, resulting in rapid myelopoiesis followed by mobilization to the blood. Although myelopoiesis is coordinated by several cytokines and transcription factors, mobilization is selectively directed by chemokine receptors and may differ between M-MDSC and PMN-MDSC. These myeloid cells may then undergo further expansion at these secondary lymphatic organs and then home to the tumor site. Finally, selective homing of T cell subsets has been associated with retention at the target organs directed by adhesion molecules or chemokine receptors. The possible relevance to myeloid cells is still speculative but is discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathan Karin
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Technion-Israel Institute of Technology, Haifa, Israel
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9
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Dehghani M, Keshavarz P, Talei A, Akrami M, Tahmasebi S, Safaie A, Ghanbari M. The Effects of Low HER2/neu Expression on the Clinicopathological Characteristics of Triple-Negative Breast Cancer Patients. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2020; 21:3027-3032. [PMID: 33112563 PMCID: PMC7798168 DOI: 10.31557/apjcp.2020.21.10.3027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/12/2020] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is an aggressive type of breast cancer (BC), and its diagnosis is associated with negative expression of hormone receptors and HER2/neu. It consists of 10-20% of all BCs diagnosed. METHODS AND MATERIALS This study focuses on three groups with different pathology: group one showed complete triple-negative HER2 expression with IHC of BC; groups two and three included patients with ER-, PR-, and HER21+, and ER-, PR-, and HER22+ with a negative FISH test. These three groups were compared from the point of prognosis, which consisted of tumor size, patients' age, lymphatic, vascular and perineural invasion, organ metastasis, number of lymph nodes involvement, and the survival rate. RESULTS A total of 459 TNBC patients were enrolled, of which 268 were placed in the HER20 group, 146 in the HER21+ group, and 45 in the HER22+ group. Distant metastasis and recurrence rate were more common in HER20 patients, but bone metastasis was more common in patients with low HER2 expression. All patients with HER20 had a smaller tumor size at the time of BC diagnosis in comparison to patients in the low HER2 expression group. Patients with HER22+ had less lymphatic and vascular invasion as well as axillary lymph nodes involvement, but larger tumor size at presentation, resulting in a lower rate of recurrence and higher overall survival. CONCLUSION The findings revealed that patients with HER22+ had better outcome in comparison to the patients with HER20 and HER21+. Furthermore, the results showed that many patients with HER22+ expression were not basal-like and had good prognosis amongst TNBC patients.
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MESH Headings
- Adult
- Aged
- Aged, 80 and over
- Biomarkers, Tumor/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/secondary
- Carcinoma, Ductal, Breast/surgery
- Carcinoma, Lobular/metabolism
- Carcinoma, Lobular/secondary
- Carcinoma, Lobular/surgery
- Cross-Sectional Studies
- Female
- Follow-Up Studies
- Humans
- Lymphatic Metastasis
- Middle Aged
- Neoplasm Invasiveness
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/metabolism
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/pathology
- Neoplasm Recurrence, Local/surgery
- Prognosis
- Receptor, ErbB-2/metabolism
- Retrospective Studies
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/metabolism
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/pathology
- Triple Negative Breast Neoplasms/surgery
- Young Adult
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Dehghani
- Hematology Research Center, Department of Hematology and Medical oncology, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Pedram Keshavarz
- Department of Radiology, Medical Imaging Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Abdolrasoul Talei
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Majid Akrami
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Sedighe Tahmasebi
- Breast Diseases Research Center, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Akbar Safaie
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
| | - Maryam Ghanbari
- Department of Internal Medicine, Shiraz University of Medical Sciences, Shiraz, Iran.
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10
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Hashemi M, Aftabi S, Moazeni-Roodi A, Sarani H, Wiechec E, Ghavami S. Association of CASP8 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility: A meta-analysis. Eur J Pharmacol 2020; 881:173201. [PMID: 32442541 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2020] [Revised: 05/11/2020] [Accepted: 05/13/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Caspase-8 plays is an essential enzyme in apoptosis pathway. Several investigation have been done to identify the relation between CASP8 polymorphisms and different human cancers, but, the findings are still debated. The aim of the current investigation is to assess if CASP8 rs3834129 (-652 6N insertion/deletion), rs1045485 G > C, rs3769818 G > A, rs6723097 A > C, rs3769821 T > C, rs13113 T > A, rs3769825 G > A, rs2293554 A > C, and rs10931936 C > T polymorphisms are linked to susceptibility of cancer. Our team has extracted the eligible studies up to July 4, 2019, from different sources. Pooled odds ratios (ORs) with corresponding 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated to quantitatively evaluate the association between CASP8 polymorphisms and cancer susceptibility. Our results showed that the rs3834129 and rs1045485 polymorphisms meaningfully reduced the risk of cancer, while the rs3769818, rs3769821 and rs3769825 polymorphisms considerably increased cancer susceptibility. No association of rs6723097, rs13113, rs2293554 and rs10931936 polymorphisms was observed with cancer susceptibility. The CASP8 rs3834129 polymorphism reduced the risk of gastrointestinal, digestive tract, colorectal, breast and lung cancers. Furthermore, the cancer risk was decreased in Asian and Caucasian populations as well as population- and hospital-based studies due to this polymorphism. There was not any relation between this gene polymorphism and the risk of prostate and cervical cancer development. Regarding the CASP8 rs1045485 polymorphism, the reduced breast cancer risk along with the risk of cancer in Caucasians, population- and hospital-based studies were observed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Hashemi
- Genetics of Non-communicable Disease Research Center, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran.
| | - Sajjad Aftabi
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada
| | - Abdolkarim Moazeni-Roodi
- Tropical and Communicable Diseases Research Centre, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran; Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Iranshahr University of Medical Sciences, Iranshahr, Iran
| | - Hosna Sarani
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, School of Medicine, Zahedan University of Medical Sciences, Zahedan, Iran
| | - Emilia Wiechec
- Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Division of Cell Biology, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, Max Rady College of Medicine, Rady Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Faculty of Medicine, University of Technology in Katowice, Katowice, Poland; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, CancerCare Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada.
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Germline genomes have a dominant-heritable contribution to cancer immune evasion and immunotherapy response. QUANTITATIVE BIOLOGY 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s40484-020-0212-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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