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Jin X, Yang S, Lu X, Chen X, Dai W. Increased expression of REG3A promotes tumorigenic behavior in triple negative breast cancer cells. Breast Cancer Res 2024; 26:92. [PMID: 38840145 PMCID: PMC11151570 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-024-01845-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2024] [Accepted: 05/17/2024] [Indexed: 06/07/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identifying new targets in triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) remains critical. REG3A (regenerating islet-derived protein 3 A), a calcium-dependent lectin protein, was thoroughly investigated for its expression and functions in breast cancer. METHODS Bioinformatics and local tissue analyses were employed to identify REG3A expression in breast cancer. Genetic techniques were employed to modify REG3A expression, and the resulting effects on the behaviors of breast cancer cells were examined. Subcutaneous xenograft models were established to investigate the involvement of REG3A in the in vivo growth of breast cancer cells. RESULTS Analysis of the TCGA database uncovered increased REG3A levels in human breast cancer tissues. Additionally, REG3A mRNA and protein levels were elevated in TNBC tissues of locally treated patients, contrasting with low expression in adjacent normal tissues. In primary human TNBC cells REG3A shRNA notably hindered cell proliferation, migration, and invasion while triggering caspase-mediated apoptosis. Similarly, employing CRISPR-sgRNA for REG3A knockout showed significant anti-TNBC cell activity. Conversely, REG3A overexpression bolstered cell proliferation and migration. REG3A proved crucial for activating the Akt-mTOR cascade, as evidenced by decreased Akt-S6K1 phosphorylation upon REG3A silencing or knockout, which was reversed by REG3A overexpression. A constitutively active mutant S473D Akt1 (caAkt1) restored Akt-mTOR activation and counteracted the proliferation inhibition and apoptosis induced by REG3A knockdown in breast cancer cells. Crucially, REG3A played a key role in maintaining mTOR complex integrity. Bioinformatics identified zinc finger protein 680 (ZNF680) as a potential REG3A transcription factor. Knocking down or knocking out ZNF680 reduced REG3A expression, while its overexpression increased it in primary breast cancer cells. Additionally, enhanced binding between ZNF680 protein and the REG3A promoter was observed in breast cancer tissues and cells. In vivo, REG3A shRNA significantly inhibited primary TNBC cell xenograft growth. In REG3A-silenced xenograft tissues, reduced REG3A levels, Akt-mTOR inhibition, and activated apoptosis were evident. CONCLUSION ZNF680-caused REG3A overexpression drives tumorigenesis in breast cancer possibly by stimulating Akt-mTOR activation, emerging as a promising and innovative cancer target.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoxia Jin
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 North Tongyang Road, Pingchao, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shuyun Yang
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 North Tongyang Road, Pingchao, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyun Lu
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 North Tongyang Road, Pingchao, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xudong Chen
- Department of Pathology, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 North Tongyang Road, Pingchao, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Wencheng Dai
- Department of Head and Neck Surgery, Affiliated Tumor Hospital of Nantong University, No.30 North Tongyang Road, Pingchao, Nantong, 226361, Jiangsu, China.
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Xu KY, Li M, Yu WH, Li X, Zeng Y, Xie FL, Zhou YH, Xu PS, Pu CC, Xie BB, Yu LT, Luo C. Reg3A Overexpression Facilitates Hepatic Metastasis by Altering Cell Adhesion in LoVo Colon Cancer Cells. DNA Cell Biol 2024; 43:298-310. [PMID: 38771249 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2024.0029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Yi Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Mao Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Wei-Hong Yu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Xin Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yuan Zeng
- Department of Clinical Pharmacology and Bioanalytics, Pfizer (China) Research and Development Co., Ltd., Shanghai, China
| | - Fei-Lu Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yi-Han Zhou
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Pin-Shen Xu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chun-Cheng Pu
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Bing-Bing Xie
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Lu-Ting Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China
| | - Chen Luo
- School of Life Science and Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
- Antibody Engineering Laboratory, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
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Song M, Tang Y, Cao K, Qi L, Xie K. Unveiling the role of interleukin-6 in pancreatic cancer occurrence and progression. Front Endocrinol (Lausanne) 2024; 15:1408312. [PMID: 38828409 PMCID: PMC11140100 DOI: 10.3389/fendo.2024.1408312] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 05/06/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024] Open
Abstract
Pancreatic cancer is difficult to diagnose early and progresses rapidly. Researchers have found that a cytokine called Interleukin-6 (IL-6) is involved in the entire course of pancreatic cancer, promoting its occurrence and development. From the earliest stages of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia to the invasion and metastasis of pancreatic cancer cells and the appearance of tumor cachexia, IL-6 drives oncogenic signal transduction pathways and immune escape that accelerate disease progression. IL-6 is considered a biomarker for pancreatic cancer diagnosis and prognosis, as well as a potential target for treatment. IL-6 antibodies are currently being explored as a hot topic in oncology. This article aims to systematically explain how IL-6 induces the deterioration of normal pancreatic cells, with the goal of finding a breakthrough in pancreatic cancer diagnosis and treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meihui Song
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
- Division of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Ying Tang
- Department of Gastroenterology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
| | - Kaimei Cao
- Division of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan, China
| | - Ling Qi
- Division of Gastroenterology, Institute of Digestive Disease, Qingyuan People’s Hospital, The Affiliated Qingyuan Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Qingyuan, Guangdong, China
| | - Keping Xie
- School of Medicine, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou, Guangdong, China
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4
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Shu Y, Huang H, Gao M, Xu W, Cao X, Jia X, Deng B. Lipid Metabolism-Related Gene Markers Used for Prediction Prognosis, Immune Microenvironment, and Tumor Stage of Pancreatic Cancer. Biochem Genet 2024; 62:931-949. [PMID: 37505298 PMCID: PMC11031448 DOI: 10.1007/s10528-023-10457-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Recently, more and more evidence shows that lipid metabolism disorder has been observed in tumor, which impacts tumor cell proliferation, survival, invasion, metastasis, and response to the tumor microenvironment (TME) and tumor treatment. However, hitherto there has not been sufficient research to demonstrate the role of lipid metabolism in pancreatic cancer. This study contrives to get an insight into the relationship between the characteristics of lipid metabolism and pancreatic cancer. We collected samples of patients with pancreatic cancer from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO), the Therapeutically Applicable Research to Generate Effective Treatments (TARGET), and the International Cancer Genome Consortium (ICGC) databases. Firstly, we implemented univariate regression analysis to get prognosis-related lipid metabolism genes screened and a construction of protein-protein interaction (PPI) network ensued. Then, contingent on our screening results, we explored the molecular subtypes mediated by lipid metabolism-related genes and the correlated TME cell infiltration. Additionally, we studied the disparately expressed genes among disparate lipid metabolism subtypes and established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics using the least absolute shrinkage and selection operator (LASSO) regression analysis. At last, we explored the relationship between the scoring model and disease prognosis, tumor stage, tumor microenvironment, and immunotherapy. Two subtypes, C1 and C2, were identified, and lipid metabolism-related genes were studied. The result indicated that the patients with subtype C2 have a significantly lower survival rate than that of the patients with subtype C1, and we found difference in abundance of different immune-infiltrating cells. The gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses revealed the association of these differentially expressed genes with functions and pathways related to lipid metabolism. Finally, we established a scoring model of lipid metabolism-related characteristics based on the disparately expressed genes. The results show that our scoring model have a substantial effect on forecasting the prognosis of patients with pancreatic cancer. The lipid metabolism model is an important biomarker of pancreatic cancer. Using the model, the relationship between disease prognosis, molecular subtypes, TME cell infiltration characteristics, and immunotherapy in pancreatic cancer patients could be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Shu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Haiqiang Huang
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Minjie Gao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenjie Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiang Cao
- The Second Clinical Medical College of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330000, People's Republic of China
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoze Jia
- Internet of Things Engineering, College of Wuxi University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, 214000, People's Republic of China
| | - Bo Deng
- Departments of Endocrine, The First Hospital of Nanchang, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330008, People's Republic of China.
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Li WS, Chen TJ, Lee SW, Yang CC, Tian YF, Kuo YH, Tsai HH, Wu LC, Yeh CF, Shiue YL, Chou CL, Lai HY. REG3A overexpression functions as a negative predictive and prognostic biomarker in rectal cancer patients receiving CCRT. Histol Histopathol 2024; 39:91-104. [PMID: 37042618 DOI: 10.14670/hh-18-615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/13/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Concurrent chemoradiotherapy (CCRT) is suggested before resection surgery in the control of rectal cancer. Unfortunately, treatment outcomes are widely variable and highly patient-specific. Notably, rectal cancer patients with distant metastasis generally have a much lower survival rate. Accordingly, a better understanding of the genetic background of patient cohorts can aid in predicting CCRT efficacy and clinical outcomes for rectal cancer before distant metastasis. METHODS A published transcriptome dataset (GSE35452) (n=46) was utilized to distinguish prospective genes concerning the response to CCRT. We recruited 172 rectal cancer patients, and the samples were collected during surgical resection after CCRT. Immunohistochemical (IHC) staining was performed to evaluate the expression level of regenerating family member 3 alpha (REG3A). Pearson's chi-squared test appraised the relevance of REG3A protein expression to clinicopathological parameters. The Kaplan-Meier method was utilized to generate survival curves, and the log-rank test was performed to compare the survival distributions between two given groups. RESULTS Employing a transcriptome dataset (GSE35452) and focusing on the inflammatory response (GO: 0006954), we recognized that REG3A is the most significantly upregulated gene among CCRT nonresponders (log2 ratio=1.2472, p=0.0079). Following IHC validation, high immunoexpression of REG3A was considerably linked to advanced post-CCRT tumor status (p<0.001), post-CCRT lymph node metastasis (p=0.042), vascular invasion (p=0.028), and low-grade tumor regression (p=0.009). In the multivariate analysis, high immunoexpression of REG3A was independently correlated with poor disease-specific survival (DSS) (p=0.004) and metastasis-free survival (MeFS) (p=0.045). The results of the bioinformatic analysis also supported the idea that REG3A overexpression is implicated in rectal carcinogenesis. CONCLUSION In the current study, we demonstrated that REG3A overexpression is correlated with poor CCRT effectiveness and inferior patient survival in rectal cancer. The predictive and prognostic utility of REG3A expression may direct patient stratification and decision-making more accurately for those patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wan-Shan Li
- Department of Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Institute of Biomedical Science, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Ju Chen
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Sung-Wei Lee
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Liouying, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Chieh Yang
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacy, Chia-Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Feng Tian
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Hsuan Kuo
- Division of Hematology and Oncology, Department of Internal Medicine, Chi-Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- College of Pharmacy and Science, Chia Nan University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Hsin-Hwa Tsai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Li-Ching Wu
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Cheng-Fa Yeh
- Division of General Internal Medicine, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Environment Engineering and Science, Chia Nan University of Pharmacy and Science, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Yow-Ling Shiue
- Institute of Precision Medicine, National Sun Yat-Sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Chia-Lin Chou
- Department of Medical Technology, Chung Hwa University of Medical Technology, Tainan, Taiwan
- Division of Colon and Rectal Surgery, Department of Surgery, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan.
| | - Hong-Yue Lai
- Department of Medical Research, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Trans-Omic Laboratory for Precision Medicine, Precision Medicine Center, Chi Mei Medical Center, Tainan, Taiwan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan.
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Yu L, Zhou Y, Sun S, Wang R, Yu W, Xiao H, Yu Z, Luo C. Tumor-suppressive effect of Reg3A in COAD is mediated by T cell activation in nude mice. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 169:115922. [PMID: 38011786 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.115922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/09/2023] [Revised: 11/14/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 11/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Regenerating family protein 3 A (Reg3A) is highly expressed in a variety of organs and inflammatory tissues, and is closely related to tumorigenesis and cancer progression. However, clinical statistics show that high expression of Reg3A is associated with better prognosis in colorectal cancer (CRC) patients, suggesting a tumor-suppressive effect. The precise action and underlying mechanism of Reg3A in CRC remain controversial. The present study sought to investigate the relationship among Reg3A expression, CRC development, and immune cell alteration in patients using the TCGA, GEPIA, PrognoScan, TIMER and TISIDB databases. Reg3A-overexpressing LoVo cell line (LoVo-Reg3A), a representative of colon adenocarcinoma (COAD), was constructed and the action of Reg3A was assessed in a xenograft nude mouse model. Our bioinformatical analyses revealed that Reg3A upregulation is highly associated with CRC, along with increased frequency of immune cell infiltration. In the xenograft nude mice, Reg3A overexpression offered a tumor-suppressive effect by inhibiting cell proliferation and promoting apoptosis. The result of RNA-seq suggested a positive regulation of leukocytes and an upregulation of T cells in LoVo-Reg3A tumor tissue. CD4+ and CD8+ T cells in tumors, splenic Reg3A-reactive IFN-γ+/CD4+ T cells, and serum TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 were significantly increased by Reg3A overexpression. In the ex vivo co-culture experiment, elevated cytotoxic effect, increased proportion of CD3ε+ T cells, and upregulated expressions of TNF-α, IFN-γ and IL-17 were detected in the PBMCs isolated from LoVo-Reg3A cell-xenografted nude mice. In conclusion, high expression of Reg3A could activate and recruit T cells in COAD leading to the cytotoxic tumor-suppressive effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luting Yu
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Nanjing Tech University, Nanjing, China; School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yihan Zhou
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Shaozheng Sun
- College of Science, Northeastern University, Boston, United States
| | - Runlin Wang
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weihong Yu
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Hanyu Xiao
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhuxi Yu
- Department of critical care medicine, Nanjing Drum Tower Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China.
| | - Chen Luo
- School of Life Science & Technology, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China; State Key Laboratory of Nature Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
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Boby N, Williams KM, Das A, Pahar B. Toll-like Receptor 2 Mediated Immune Regulation in Simian Immunodeficiency Virus-Infected Rhesus Macaques. Vaccines (Basel) 2023; 11:1861. [PMID: 38140264 PMCID: PMC10747659 DOI: 10.3390/vaccines11121861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2023] [Revised: 12/11/2023] [Accepted: 12/14/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are crucial to the innate immune response. They regulate inflammatory reactions by initiating the production of pro-inflammatory cytokines and chemokines. TLRs also play a role in shaping the adaptive immune responses. While this protective response is important for eliminating infectious pathogens, persistent activation of TLRs may result in chronic immune activation, leading to detrimental effects. The role of TLR2 in regulating HIV-1 infection in vivo has yet to be well described. In this study, we used an SIV-infected rhesus macaque model to simulate HIV infection in humans. We evaluated the plasma of the macaques longitudinally and found a significant increase in the soluble TLR2 (sTLR2) level after SIV infection. We also observed an increase in membrane-bound TLR2 (mb-TLR2) in cytotoxic T cells, B cells, and NK cells in PBMC and NK cells in the gut after infection. Our results suggest that sTLR2 regulates the production of various cytokines and chemokines, including IL-18, IL-1RA, IL-15, IL-13, IL-9, TPO, FLT3L, and IL-17F, as well as chemokines, including IP-10, MCP-1, MCP-2, ENA-78, GRO-α, I-TAC, Fractalkine, SDF-1α, and MIP-3α. Interestingly, these cytokines and chemokines were also upregulated after the infection. The positive correlation between SIV copy number and sTLR2 in the plasma indicated the involvement of TLR2 in the regulation of viral replication. These cytokines and chemokines could directly or indirectly regulate viral replication through the TLR2 signaling pathways. When we stimulated PBMC with the TLR2 agonist in vitro, we observed a direct induction of various cytokines and chemokines. Some of these cytokines and chemokines, such as IL-1RA, IL-9, IL-15, GRO-α, and ENA-78, were positively correlated with sTLR2 in vivo, highlighting the direct involvement of TLR2 in the regulation of the production of these factors. Our findings suggest that TLR2 expression may be a target for developing new therapeutic strategies to combat HIV infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nongthombam Boby
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; (N.B.); (K.M.W.)
| | - Kelsey M. Williams
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; (N.B.); (K.M.W.)
| | - Arpita Das
- Division of Microbiology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA;
| | - Bapi Pahar
- Division of Comparative Pathology, Tulane National Primate Research Center, Covington, LA 70433, USA; (N.B.); (K.M.W.)
- School of Medicine, Tulane University, New Orleans, LA 70118, USA
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8
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Geurts MH, Gandhi S, Boretto MG, Akkerman N, Derks LLM, van Son G, Celotti M, Harshuk-Shabso S, Peci F, Begthel H, Hendriks D, Schürmann P, Andersson-Rolf A, Chuva de Sousa Lopes SM, van Es JH, van Boxtel R, Clevers H. One-step generation of tumor models by base editor multiplexing in adult stem cell-derived organoids. Nat Commun 2023; 14:4998. [PMID: 37591832 PMCID: PMC10435570 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-023-40701-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Accepted: 08/07/2023] [Indexed: 08/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Optimization of CRISPR/Cas9-mediated genome engineering has resulted in base editors that hold promise for mutation repair and disease modeling. Here, we demonstrate the application of base editors for the generation of complex tumor models in human ASC-derived organoids. First we show efficacy of cytosine and adenine base editors in modeling CTNNB1 hot-spot mutations in hepatocyte organoids. Next, we use C > T base editors to insert nonsense mutations in PTEN in endometrial organoids and demonstrate tumorigenicity even in the heterozygous state. Moreover, drug sensitivity assays on organoids harboring either PTEN or PTEN and PIK3CA mutations reveal the mechanism underlying the initial stages of endometrial tumorigenesis. To further increase the scope of base editing we combine SpCas9 and SaCas9 for simultaneous C > T and A > G editing at individual target sites. Finally, we show that base editor multiplexing allow modeling of colorectal tumorigenesis in a single step by simultaneously transfecting sgRNAs targeting five cancer genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maarten H Geurts
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
| | - Shashank Gandhi
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Miller Institute for Basic Research in Science, University of California, Berkeley, CA, 94720, USA
| | - Matteo G Boretto
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ninouk Akkerman
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Lucca L M Derks
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Gijs van Son
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Martina Celotti
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Sarina Harshuk-Shabso
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Flavia Peci
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Harry Begthel
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Delilah Hendriks
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Paul Schürmann
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Amanda Andersson-Rolf
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | | | - Johan H van Es
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Ruben van Boxtel
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands
- Princess Maxima Center for Pediatric Oncology, 3584 CS, Utrecht, the Netherlands
| | - Hans Clevers
- Hubrecht Institute, Royal Netherlands Academy of Arts and Sciences (KNAW) and University Medical Center Utrecht, 3584 CT, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Oncode Institute, 3521AL, Utrecht, the Netherlands.
- Pharma Research Early Development, Basel, Switzerland.
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9
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Shi M, Zong X, Hur J, Birmann BM, Martinez-Maza O, Epeldegui M, Chan AT, Giovannucci EL, Cao Y. Circulating markers of microbial translocation and host response to bacteria with risk of colorectal cancer: a prospective, nested case-control study in men. EBioMedicine 2023; 91:104566. [PMID: 37075493 PMCID: PMC10131057 DOI: 10.1016/j.ebiom.2023.104566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2023] [Revised: 03/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/29/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gut microbial dysbiosis contributes to colorectal cancer (CRC) pathogenesis, possibly mediated in part by increased intestinal permeability to endotoxin lipopolysaccharide (LPS), microbial translocation, and subsequent endotoxemia and inflammation. However, epidemiologic evidence linking circulating markers of microbial translocation with CRC risk is limited. METHODS We conducted a prospective, nested case-control study of 261 incident CRC cases and 261 controls (matched on age and time of blood draw) among 18,159 men with pre-diagnostic blood specimens in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study (1993-2009). We examined three complementary markers of microbial translocation and host response to bacteria, including LPS-binding protein (LBP), soluble CD14 (sCD14), and endotoxincore antibody (EndoCAb) immunoglobulin M (IgM), with subsequent risk of CRC. Unconditional logistic regressions were used to estimate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs). FINDINGS Pre-diagnostic circulating levels of sCD14 were associated with a higher risk of incident CRC. Compared to men in the lowest quartile, the multivariable OR was 1.90 (95% CI, 1.13-3.22) for men in the highest quartile (OR per standard deviation [SD] increase, 1.28; 95%CI 1.06-1.53; Ptrend = 0.01). This positive association remained similar after adjusting for C-reactive protein, interleukin-6, and soluble tumor necrosis factor receptor-2, and within strata of putative CRC risk factors. We also observed a suggestive inverse association between EndoCAb IgM and risk of CRC (OR per SD increase, 0.84; 95%CI 0.69-1.02; Ptrend = 0.09). INTERPRETATION Microbial translocation and host response to bacteria, as reflected by sCD14, is associated with risk of incident CRC in men. FUNDING US National Institutes of Health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Shi
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Xiaoyu Zong
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA
| | - Jinhee Hur
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, South Korea; Food Clinical Research Center, Institute of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Gyeonggi, South Korea
| | - Brenda M Birmann
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Otoniel Martinez-Maza
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, AIDS Institute, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Marta Epeldegui
- Department of Microbiology, Immunology & Molecular Genetics, David Geffen School of Medicine, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Andrew T Chan
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Department of Medicine, Brigham and Women's Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Clinical and Translational Epidemiology Unit, Department of Medicine, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Massachusetts General Hospital and Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA; Broad Institute of MIT and Harvard, Cambridge, MA, USA; Department of Immunology and Infectious Diseases, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Edward L Giovannucci
- Department of Nutrition, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA; Department of Epidemiology, Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, Boston, MA, USA
| | - Yin Cao
- Division of Public Health Sciences, Department of Surgery, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Division of Gastroenterology, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA; Alvin J. Siteman Cancer Center, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
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10
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Mokhtari K, Peymani M, Rashidi M, Hushmandi K, Ghaedi K, Taheriazam A, Hashemi M. Colon cancer transcriptome. PROGRESS IN BIOPHYSICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 180-181:49-82. [PMID: 37059270 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbiomolbio.2023.04.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2023] [Revised: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 04/06/2023] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
Over the last four decades, methodological innovations have continuously changed transcriptome profiling. It is now feasible to sequence and quantify the transcriptional outputs of individual cells or thousands of samples using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). These transcriptomes serve as a connection between cellular behaviors and their underlying molecular mechanisms, such as mutations. This relationship, in the context of cancer, provides a chance to unravel tumor complexity and heterogeneity and uncover novel biomarkers or treatment options. Since colon cancer is one of the most frequent malignancies, its prognosis and diagnosis seem to be critical. The transcriptome technology is developing for an earlier and more accurate diagnosis of cancer which can provide better protectivity and prognostic utility to medical teams and patients. A transcriptome is a whole set of expressed coding and non-coding RNAs in an individual or cell population. The cancer transcriptome includes RNA-based changes. The combined genome and transcriptome of a patient may provide a comprehensive picture of their cancer, and this information is beginning to affect treatment decision-making in real-time. A full assessment of the transcriptome of colon (colorectal) cancer has been assessed in this review paper based on risk factors such as age, obesity, gender, alcohol use, race, and also different stages of cancer, as well as non-coding RNAs like circRNAs, miRNAs, lncRNAs, and siRNAs. Similarly, they have been examined independently in the transcriptome study of colon cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khatere Mokhtari
- Department of Modern Biology, ACECR Institute of Higher Education (Isfahan Branch), Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Peymani
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahrekord Branch, Islamic Azad University, Shahrekord, Iran.
| | - Mohsen Rashidi
- Department Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran; The Health of Plant and Livestock Products Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, 4815733971, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kamran Ghaedi
- Department of Cell and Molecular Biology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran.
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
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11
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Ghaddar B, Biswas A, Harris C, Omary MB, Carpizo DR, Blaser MJ, De S. Tumor microbiome links cellular programs and immunity in pancreatic cancer. Cancer Cell 2022; 40:1240-1253.e5. [PMID: 36220074 PMCID: PMC9556978 DOI: 10.1016/j.ccell.2022.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
Microorganisms are detected in multiple cancer types, including in putatively sterile organs, but the contexts in which they influence oncogenesis or anti-tumor responses in humans remain unclear. We recently developed single-cell analysis of host-microbiome interactions (SAHMI), a computational pipeline to recover and denoise microbial signals from single-cell sequencing of host tissues. Here we use SAHMI to interrogate tumor-microbiome interactions in two human pancreatic cancer cohorts. We identify somatic-cell-associated bacteria in a subset of tumors and their near absence in nonmalignant tissues. These bacteria predominantly pair with tumor cells, and their presence is associated with cell-type-specific gene expression and pathway activities, including cell motility and immune signaling. Modeling results indicate that tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes closely resemble T cells from infected tissue. Finally, using multiple independent datasets, a signature of cell-associated bacteria predicts clinical prognosis. Tumor-microbiome crosstalk may modulate tumorigenesis in pancreatic cancer with implications for clinical management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassel Ghaddar
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 195 Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Antara Biswas
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 195 Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA
| | - Chris Harris
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box SURG, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - M Bishr Omary
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, 679 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Darren R Carpizo
- Department of Surgery, University of Rochester Medical Center, 601 Elmwood Avenue, Box SURG, Rochester, NY 14642, USA
| | - Martin J Blaser
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, Rutgers University, 679 Hoes Lane West, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA.
| | - Subhajyoti De
- Center for Systems and Computational Biology, Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, Rutgers University, 195 Albany St., New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA.
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12
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Crosstalk between mucosal microbiota, host gene expression, and sociomedical factors in the progression of colorectal cancer. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13447. [PMID: 35927305 PMCID: PMC9352898 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17823-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Various omics-based biomarkers related to the occurrence, progression, and prognosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) have been identified. In this study, we attempted to identify gut microbiome-based biomarkers and detect their association with host gene expression in the initiation and progression of CRC by integrating analysis of the gut mucosal metagenome, RNA sequencing, and sociomedical factors. We performed metagenome and RNA sequencing on colonic mucosa samples from 13 patients with advanced CRC (ACRC), 10 patients with high-risk adenoma (HRA), and 7 normal control (NC) individuals. All participants completed a questionnaire on sociomedical factors. The interaction and correlation between changes in the microbiome and gene expression were assessed using bioinformatic analysis. When comparing HRA and NC samples, which can be considered to represent the process of tumor initiation, 28 genes and five microbiome species were analyzed with correlation plots. When comparing ACRC and HRA samples, which can be considered to represent the progression of CRC, seven bacterial species and 21 genes were analyzed. When comparing ACRC and NC samples, 16 genes and five bacterial species were analyzed, and four correlation plots were generated. A network visualizing the relationship between bacterial and host gene expression in the initiation and progression of CRC indicated that Clostridium spiroforme and Tyzzerella nexilis were hub bacteria in the development and progression of CRC. Our study revealed the interactions of and correlation between the colonic mucosal microbiome and host gene expression to identify potential roles of the microbiome in the initiation and progression of CRC. Our results provide gut microbiome-based biomarkers that may be potential diagnostic markers and therapeutic targets in patients with CRC.
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13
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Chang P, Chen S, Chang X, Zhu J, Tang Q, Ma L. EXTL3 could serve as a potential biomarker of prognosis and immunotherapy for prostate cancer and its potential mechanisms. Eur J Med Res 2022; 27:115. [PMID: 35818069 PMCID: PMC9275153 DOI: 10.1186/s40001-022-00740-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2022] [Accepted: 06/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Exostosin like glycosyltransferase 3 (EXTL3) had been reported to be associated with immune deficiency and play prognostic roles in various cancers. However, little is known about the associations between EXTL3 and prostate cancer (PCa). Hence, this article was designed to clarify their associations. Methods All original data were downloaded from The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) and CellMiner database was utilized, respectively, to identify EXTL3-related signaling pathways and drugs. We explored the relationships between EXTL3 expression and immunity to further evaluate the involvement of EXTL3 in response to immunotherapies. LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were also identified for its potential mechanism. Results Compared with normal prostate samples, EXTL3 was poorly expressed in PCa samples not only in mRNA expression levels, but also in protein expression levels, with worse overall survival (P < 0.05) and this gene could be an independent prognostic biomarker for PCa (both P < 0.05). EXTL3 was revealed to be markedly linked with seven signaling pathways in PCa by GSEA, including calcium, chemokine, ERBB, JAK STAT, MAPK, WNT, oxidative phosphorylation pathways. EXTL3 expression was also revealed to be significantly associated with MSI, immune cells, immune checkpoint molecules, tumor microenvironment and immune cells infiltration. We further predicted immune responses of EXTL3 gene to immunotherapies by TIDE database and the IMvigor210 cohort. A total of six LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were eventually identified for its potential mechanisms. Conclusions EXTL3 could serve as a potential biomarker of prognosis and immunotherapy for PCa and six LncRNA/RBP/EXTL3 mRNA networks were also identified for its potential mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingan Chang
- Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.,Department of Urology, The Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, No.2 Fukang West Road, Yancheng, 224200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Shenglan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, Yancheng, 224200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiumei Chang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, No.2 Fukang West Road, Yancheng, 224200, Jiangsu, China
| | - Jiaxi Zhu
- Nantong University, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China
| | - Qingsheng Tang
- Department of Urology, The Affiliated Dongtai Hospital of Nantong University, No.2 Fukang West Road, Yancheng, 224200, Jiangsu, China.
| | - Limin Ma
- Department of Urology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, No. 20 West Temple Road, Nantong, 226001, Jiangsu, China.
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14
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Zhang AMY, Chu KH, Daly BF, Ruiter T, Dou Y, Yang JCC, de Winter TJJ, Chhuor J, Wang S, Flibotte S, Zhao YB, Hu X, Li H, Rideout EJ, Schaeffer DF, Johnson JD, Kopp JL. Effects of hyperinsulinemia on pancreatic cancer development and the immune microenvironment revealed through single-cell transcriptomics. Cancer Metab 2022; 10:5. [PMID: 35189981 PMCID: PMC8862319 DOI: 10.1186/s40170-022-00282-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hyperinsulinemia is independently associated with increased risk and mortality of pancreatic cancer. We recently reported that genetically reduced insulin production resulted in ~ 50% suppression of pancreatic intraepithelial neoplasia (PanIN) precancerous lesions in mice. However, only female mice remained normoglycemic, and only the gene dosage of the rodent-specific Ins1 alleles was tested in our previous model. Moreover, we did not delve into the molecular and cellular mechanisms associated with modulating hyperinsulinemia. METHODS We studied how reduced Ins2 gene dosage affects PanIN lesion development in both male and female Ptf1aCreER;KrasLSL-G12D mice lacking the rodent-specific Ins1 gene (Ins1-/-). We generated control mice having two alleles of the wild-type Ins2 gene (Ptf1aCreER;KrasLSL-G12D;Ins1-/-;Ins2+/+) and experimental mice having one allele of Ins2 gene (Ptf1aCreER;KrasLSL-G12D;Ins1-/-;Ins2+/-). We then performed thorough histopathological analyses and single-cell transcriptomics for both genotypes and sexes. RESULTS High-fat diet-induced hyperinsulinemia was transiently or modestly reduced in female and male mice, respectively, with only one allele of Ins2. This occurred without dramatically affecting glucose tolerance. Genetic reduction of insulin production resulted in mice with a tendency for less PanIN and acinar-to-ductal metaplasia (ADM) lesions. Using single-cell transcriptomics, we found hyperinsulinemia affected multiple cell types in the pancreas, with the most statistically significant effects on local immune cell types that were highly represented in our sampled cell population. Specifically, hyperinsulinemia modulated pathways associated with protein translation, MAPK-ERK signaling, and PI3K-AKT signaling, which were changed in epithelial cells and subsets of immune cells. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest a potential role for the immune microenvironment in hyperinsulinemia-driven PanIN development. Together with our previous work, we propose that mild suppression of insulin levels may be useful in preventing pancreatic cancer by acting on multiple cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anni M Y Zhang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ken H Chu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Brian F Daly
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Titine Ruiter
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yan Dou
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Jenny C C Yang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Twan J J de Winter
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Justin Chhuor
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Su Wang
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Stephane Flibotte
- Life Sciences Institute Bioinformatics Core Facility, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Yiwei Bernie Zhao
- Biomedical Research Centre, School of Biomedical Engineering, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Xiaoke Hu
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Hong Li
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Elizabeth J Rideout
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - David F Schaeffer
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory and Medicine, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada
| | - James D Johnson
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
| | - Janel L Kopp
- Department of Cellular and Physiological Sciences, Life Sciences Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada.
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15
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Sands M, Frank JA, Maglinger B, McLouth CJ, Trout AL, Turchan-Cholewo J, Stowe AM, Fraser JF, Pennypacker KR. Antimicrobial protein REG3A and signaling networks are predictive of stroke outcomes. J Neurochem 2022; 160:100-112. [PMID: 34558059 PMCID: PMC8716419 DOI: 10.1111/jnc.15520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2021] [Revised: 09/14/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Regenerating Family Member 3 Alpha (REG3A) is a multifunctional protein with antimicrobial activity, and primarily secreted by the intestine and pancreas. Studies have shown an increased expression of REG3A in systemic inflammatory responses to acute injury and infection, but studies investigating REG3A during the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke are limited. The aims of this study were to examine the associations between arterial expression of REG3A and other arterial inflammatory proteins implicated in stroke pathogenesis, as well as associations between REG3A and markers of poor outcome for ischemic stroke. The University of Kentucky Blood and Clot Thrombectomy Registry and Collaboration (BACTRAC) protocol (clinicaltrials.gov NCT03153683) utilizes thrombectomy to isolate intracranial arterial blood (i.e. distal to thrombus) and systemic arterial blood (i.e. carotid). Samples were analyzed by Olink Proteomics for N = 42 subjects. Statistical analyses of plasma proteins included 2-sample t-tests, spearman and biserial correlations, and robust regression models to elucidate network signaling and association to clinical outcomes. Results indicated that levels of systemic REG3A were positively correlated with inflammatory proteins interleukin IL6 (R = 0.344, p = 0.030) and IL17C (R = 0.468, p = 0.002). 2-sided t- tests examining differences of systemic REG3A within quartiles of NIHSS admission score depicted significant differences between quartiles. Those with NIHSS scores corresponding to moderate and moderate-severe neurofunctional deficits had significantly higher levels of systemic REG3A compared to those with NIHSS scores corresponding to mild and mild-moderate neurofunctional deficits (p = 0.016). STRING analyses of proteins in each robust regression model demonstrated substantial networking between REG3A and other systemic proteins highly relevant to ischemic stroke. The present study provides novel data on systemic REG3A in the context of ischemic stroke. These results demonstrate the influential role of REG3A regarding surrogate functional and radiographic outcomes of stroke severity. Additionally, they provide novel insight into the role of REG3A and related proteins during the complex neuroinflammatory process of ischemic stroke. These data provide a foundation for future studies to investigate REG3A and related networking proteins as potential biomarkers with prognostic potential, as well as potential therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madison Sands
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jacqueline A. Frank
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Benton Maglinger
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | | | - Amanda L. Trout
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Jadwiga Turchan-Cholewo
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Ann M. Stowe
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Justin F. Fraser
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Neurosurgery, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Radiology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
| | - Keith R. Pennypacker
- Department of Neurology, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Department of Neuroscience, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA,Center for Advanced Translational Stroke Science, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky, USA
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16
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The protective role of Chitooligosaccharides against chronic ulcerative colitis induced by dextran sulfate sodium in mice. J Funct Foods 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2021.104809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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17
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Wang L, Quan Y, Zhu Y, Xie X, Wang Z, Wang L, Wei X, Che F. The regenerating protein 3A: a crucial molecular with dual roles in cancer. Mol Biol Rep 2021; 49:1491-1500. [PMID: 34811636 PMCID: PMC8825409 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-021-06904-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/29/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Introduction REG3A, a member of the third subclass of the Reg family, has been found in a variety of tissues but is not detected in immune cells. In the past decade, it has been determined that REG3A expression is regulated by injury, infection, inflammatory stimuli, and pro-cytokines via different signaling pathways, and it acts as a tissue-repair, bactericidal, and anti-inflammatory molecule in human diseases. Recently, the role of REG3A in cancer has received increasing attention. The present article aims to investigate the structure, expression, regulation, function of REG3A, and to highlight the potential role of REG3A in tumors. Methods A detailed literature search and data organization were conducted to find information about the role of REG3A in variety of physiological functions and tumors. Results Contradictory roles of REG3A have been reported in different tumor models. Some studies have demonstrated that high expression of REG3A in cancers can be oncogenic. Other studies have shown decreased REG3A expression in cancer cells as well as suppressed tumor growth. Conclusions Taken together, better understanding of REG3A may lead to new insights that make it a potentially useful target for cancer therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liying Wang
- Department of Clinlical Medicine, Weifang Medical College, Weifang, China.,Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China
| | - Yanchun Quan
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.
| | - Yanxi Zhu
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaoli Xie
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Zhiqiang Wang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Long Wang
- Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China.,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China
| | - Xiuhong Wei
- Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, Shandong, China
| | - Fengyuan Che
- Department of Neurology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China. .,Central Laboratory, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, China. .,Key Laboratory of Neurophysiology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China. .,Key Laboratory of Tumor Biology, Linyi People's Hospital, Linyi, Shandong, China.
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18
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Guo J, Liao M, Hu X, Wang J. Tumour-Derived Reg3A Educates Dendritic Cells to Promote Pancreatic Cancer Progression. Mol Cells 2021; 44:647-657. [PMID: 34504050 PMCID: PMC8490200 DOI: 10.14348/molcells.2021.0145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 07/09/2021] [Accepted: 07/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
As a pancreatic inflammatory marker, regenerating islet-derived protein 3A (Reg3A) plays a key role in inflammation-associated pancreatic carcinogenesis by promoting cell proliferation, inhibiting apoptosis, and regulating cancer cell migration and invasion. This study aimed to reveal a novel immuno-regulatory mechanism by which Reg3A modulates tumour-promoting responses during pancreatic cancer (PC) progression. In an in vitro Transwell system that allowed the direct co-culture of human peripheral blood-derived dendritic cells (DCs) and Reg3A-overexpressing/ silenced human PC cells, PC cell-derived Reg3A was found to downregulate CD80, CD83 and CD86 expression on educated DCs, increase DC endocytic function, inhibit DC-induced T lymphocyte proliferation, reduce IL-12p70 production, and enhance IL-23 production by DCs. The positive effect of tumour-derived Reg3A-educated human DCs on PC progression was demonstrated in vivo by intraperitoneally transferring them into PC-implanted severe combined immunodeficiency (SCID) mice reconstituted with human T cells. A Reg3A-JAK2/STAT3 positive feedback loop was identified in DCs educated with Reg3A. In conclusion, as a tumour-derived factor, Reg3A acted to block the differentiation and maturation of the most important antigen-presenting cells, DCs, causing them to limit their potential anti-tumour responses, thus facilitating PC escape and progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie Guo
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- New Medicine Innovation and Development Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Mengfan Liao
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- New Medicine Innovation and Development Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Xianmin Hu
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- New Medicine Innovation and Development Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Hubei Province Key Laboratory of Occupational Hazard Identification and Control, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
- New Medicine Innovation and Development Institute, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine, Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430065, China
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19
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Wang N, Wu S, Zhao J, Chen M, Zeng J, Lu G, Wang J, Zhang J, Liu J, Shi Y. Bile acids increase intestinal marker expression via the FXR/SNAI2/miR-1 axis in the stomach. Cell Oncol (Dordr) 2021; 44:1119-1131. [PMID: 34510400 PMCID: PMC8516775 DOI: 10.1007/s13402-021-00622-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose Intestinal metaplasia (IM) is a precancerous lesion that increases the risk of subsequent gastric cancer (GC) development. Previously, miR-1 has been shown to play an essential role in the initiation of bile acid (BA)-induced IM. The objective of the present study was to investigate the mechanism underlying miR-1 inhibition by BA in gastric cells. Methods Ingenuity pathway analysis (IPA) was used to identify molecules acting upstream of miR-1. The effects of deoxycholic acid (DCA), FXR and SNAI2 on the expression of intestinal markers were assessed using quantitative real-time PCR (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting. The expression level of major molecules was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) in tissue microarrays. The transcriptional regulation of miR-1 was verified using luciferase reporter and chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) assays. Results We found that BA treatment caused aberrant expression of FXR and intestinal markers in gastric cells. Augmented FXR led to transcriptional activation of SNAI2, which in turn suppressed the miR-1 promoter. Moreover, we found that compared with normal tissues, the expression levels of both FXR and SNAI2 were increased and positively correlated with each other in IM tissues. Additionally, their expression showed an inverse correlation with that of miR-1 in IM tissues. Conclusions Our findings indicate that FXR may be responsible for a series of molecular changes in gastric cells after BA treatment, and that the FXR/SNAI2/miR-1 axis exhibits a crucial role in BA-induced progression of IM. Blocking the FXR-oriented axis may provide a promising approach for IM or even GC treatment. Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1007/s13402-021-00622-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Siran Wu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Chen
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaoxia Zeng
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Guofang Lu
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jiaojiao Wang
- Shannxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an, China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China
| | - Junye Liu
- Department of Radiation Protective Medicine, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yongquan Shi
- Xijing Hospital of Digestive Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Cancer Biology, Fourth Military Medical University, No. 15 West Changle Road, Xi'an, 710032, Shaanxi, China.
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20
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Zhu X, Li F, Wang M, Su H, Wu X, Qiu H, Zhou W, Shan C, Wang C, Wei L. Integrated Analysis of Omics Data Reveal AP-1 as a Potential Regulation Hub in the Inflammation-Induced Hyperalgesia Rat Model. Front Immunol 2021; 12:672498. [PMID: 34122430 PMCID: PMC8194263 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.672498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation-associated chronic pain is a global clinical problem, affecting millions of people worldwide. However, the underlying mechanisms that mediate inflammation-associated chronic pain remain unclear. A rat model of cutaneous inflammation induced by Complete Freund's Adjuvant (CFA) has been widely used as an inflammation-induced pain hypersensitivity model. We present the transcriptomics profile of CFA-induced inflammation in the rat dorsal root ganglion (DRG) via an approach that targets gene expression, DNA methylation, and post-transcriptional regulation. We identified 418 differentially expressed mRNAs, 120 differentially expressed microRNAs (miRNAs), and 2,670 differentially methylated regions (DMRs), which were all highly associated with multiple inflammation-related pathways, including nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) and interferon (IFN) signaling pathways. An integrated analysis further demonstrated that the activator protein 1 (AP-1) network, which may act as a regulator of the inflammatory response, is regulated at both the transcriptomic and epigenetic levels. We believe our data will not only provide drug screening targets for the treatment of chronic pain and inflammation but will also shed light on the molecular network associated with inflammation-induced hyperalgesia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiang Zhu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Feng Li
- The Yancheng Clinical College of XuZhou Medical University, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Miqun Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Qingdao Women and Children's Hospital, Qingdao, China
| | - Huibin Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Xuedong Wu
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
| | - Haiyan Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First People's Hospital of Yancheng, Yancheng, China
| | - Wang Zhou
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Chunli Shan
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Nantong University, Nantong, China.,Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Cancan Wang
- Graduate School of Nantong University, Nantong, China
| | - Lei Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, Suzhou Municipal Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Suzhou, China
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21
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Nishimura H, Fukui H, Wang X, Ebisutani N, Nakanishi T, Tomita T, Oshima T, Hirota S, Miwa H. Role of the β-Catenin/REG Iα Axis in the Proliferation of Sessile Serrated Adenoma/Polyps Associated with Fusobacterium nucleatum. Pathogens 2021; 10:pathogens10040434. [PMID: 33917384 PMCID: PMC8067346 DOI: 10.3390/pathogens10040434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 03/30/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Although sessile serrated adenoma/polyps (SSA/Ps) may arise through a pathway different from the traditional adenoma–carcinoma sequence, details of SSA/P tumorigenesis still remain unclear. Fusobacterium nucleatum (Fn) is frequently detected in colorectal cancer (CRC) tissues and may play a pivotal role in colorectal carcinogenesis. Here, we investigated the relationship between Fn and the β-catenin/REG Iα axis in SSA/Ps and their involvement in the proliferation of these lesions. Fn was detected in SSA/Ps by fluorescence in situ hybridization using a Fn-targeted probe, and expression of β-catenin, REG Iα and Ki67 was examined using immunohistochemistry. Sixteen of 30 SSA/P lesions (53.3%) were positive for Fn. Eighteen SSA/P lesions (60%) showed β-catenin immunoreactivity in the tumor cell nuclei. A significant majority of Fn-positive lesions showed nuclear expression of β-catenin (87.5%) and higher REG Iα scores and Ki67 labeling indices relative to Fn-negative lesions. The SSA/P lesions expressing β-catenin in nuclei had significantly higher REG Iα scores and Ki67 labeling indices than those expressing β-catenin on cytomembranes. The REG Iα score was positively correlated with the Ki67 labeling index in SSA/P lesions. The treatment with Wnt agonist SKL2001 promoted nuclear β-catenin translocation and enhanced REG Ia expression in Caco2 cells. Fn may play a role in the proliferation of SSA/P lesions through promotion of β-catenin nuclear translocation and REG Iα expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heihachiro Nishimura
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Hirokazu Fukui
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-798-456-662
| | - Xuan Wang
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Nobuhiko Ebisutani
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Takashi Nakanishi
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Toshihiko Tomita
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Tadayuki Oshima
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
| | - Seiichi Hirota
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan;
| | - Hiroto Miwa
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Hyogo College of Medicine 1-1, Mukogawa, Nishinomiya 663-8501, Japan; (H.N.); (X.W.); (N.E.); (T.N.); (T.T.); (T.O.); (H.M.)
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22
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Cao Y, Tian Y, Liu Y, Su Z. Reg3β: A Potential Therapeutic Target for Tissue Injury and Inflammation-Associated Disorders. Int Rev Immunol 2021; 41:160-170. [PMID: 33426979 DOI: 10.1080/08830185.2020.1869731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Since regenerating islet-derived 3β (Reg3β) was first reported, various studies have been conducted to explore the involvement of Reg3β in a gamut of maladies, such as diabetes, pancreatitis, pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma, and extrapancreatic maladies such as inflammatory bowel disease, acute liver failure, and myocardial infarction. Surprisingly, there is currently no systematic review of Reg3β. Therefore, we summarize the structural characteristics, transcriptional regulation, putative receptors, and signaling pathways of Reg3β. The exact functional roles in various diseases, especially gastrointestinal and liver diseases, are also discussed. Reg3β plays multiple roles in promoting proliferation, inducing differentiation, preventing apoptosis, and resisting bacteria. The present review may provide new directions for the diagnosis and treatment of gastrointestinal, liver, and pancreatic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwen Cao
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yu Tian
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Yueqin Liu
- Laboratory Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
| | - Zhaoliang Su
- International Genome Center, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Department of Immunology, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.,Laboratory Center, the Fourth Affiliated Hospital of Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China
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23
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Eckol protects against acute experimental colitis in mice: Possible involvement of Reg3g. J Funct Foods 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2020.104088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
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24
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Ouyang Y, Tang Y, Fu L, Peng S, Wu W, Tan D, Fu X. Exosomes secreted by chronic hepatitis B patients with PNALT and liver inflammation grade ≥ A2 promoted the progression of liver cancer by transferring miR-25-3p to inhibit the co-expression of TCF21 and HHIP. Cell Prolif 2020; 53:e12833. [PMID: 32525231 PMCID: PMC7377934 DOI: 10.1111/cpr.12833] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Revised: 04/29/2020] [Accepted: 05/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The current study aimed to investigate the mechanism by which exosomes secreted by CHB patients with PNALT and liver inflammation grade (≥A2) affected the development of liver cancer. MATERIALS AND METHODS Gene expression was assessed by RT-PCR, Western blotting and immunohistochemistry. CCK-8, colony formation, transwell, scratch-wound and flow cytometry assays were used to detect cell viability, proliferation, apoptosis and metastasis. The interaction of TCF21 and HHIP was assessed by co-immunoprecipitation assay. Luciferase reporter was used to detect the combination of TCF21/HHIP and miR-25-3p. Xenograft studies in nude mice manifested tumour growth ability of miR-25-3p. Bioinformatics analyses were conducted using TargetScan, EVmiRNA, TCGA, GEO, DAVID, COEXPEDIA, UALCAN, UCSC and the Human Protein Atlas databases. RESULTS CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) promoted the proliferation and metastasis of HepG2.2.15 cells. miR-25-3p was upregulated in CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2). miR-25-3p overexpression promoted cell proliferation and metastasis and was related to poor survival in patients with CHB-PNALT (≥A2). The cell proliferation- and metastasis-promoting functions of CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) were abolished by miR-25-3p inhibitors. TCF21 directly interacted with HHIP. Inhibition of TCF21 or HHIP promoted cell proliferation and metastasis. Knockdown of TCF21 or HHIP counteracted the effects of CHB-PNALT-Exo (≥A2) containing miR-25-3p inhibitor on cell proliferation, metastasis and the expression of Ki67, E-cadherin and caspase-3/-9. CONCLUSIONS Transfer of miR-25-3p by CHB-PNALT-Exo promoted the development of liver cancer by inhibiting the co-expression of TCF21 and HHIP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Ouyang
- Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Yujing Tang
- Department of Second Area of Liver DiseaseXia'men Hospital of Chinese MedicineXia'menChina
| | - Lei Fu
- Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Shifang Peng
- Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Wanfeng Wu
- School of the Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western MedicineHunan University of Chinese MedicineChangshaChina
| | - Deming Tan
- Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
| | - Xiaoyu Fu
- Key Laboratory of Viral HepatitisDepartment of Infectious DiseasesXiangya HospitalCentral South UniversityChangshaChina
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25
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Scarneo SA, Yang KW, Roques JR, Dai A, Eibschutz LS, Hughes P, Haystead TAJ. TAK1 regulates the tumor microenvironment through inflammatory, angiogenetic and apoptotic signaling cascades. Oncotarget 2020; 11:1961-1970. [PMID: 32523651 PMCID: PMC7260121 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.27606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 04/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Transforming growth factor beta-activated kinase 1 (TAK1) has been implicated for its role in inflammatory signaling and as an important mediator of cellular apoptosis and necroptosis in various cell types. Our recent discovery of a first-in-class, potent and selective TAK1 inhibitor, takinib, represents a novel pharmacological tool to evaluate TAK1’s role in cancer. In this study we evaluated the potential therapeutic capacity of TAK1 inhibition on tumor growth and on tumor microenvironment remodeling. In a screen of 16 cancer cell lines, takinib in combination with tumor necrosis factor (TNF) was found to induce cell death (>20%) in 6 out of 16 cell lines. Furthermore, knocking out of TAK1 in MDA-MB-231 cells dramatically increased their sensitization to TNF-mediated apoptosis. In vivo xenographs of MDA-MB-231 TAK1KO tumors displayed delayed tumor growth and increased overall survival compared to TAK1WT controls. Histological and proteomic analysis of TAK1KO tumors showed altered angiogenic signaling and inflammatory signaling via immune cells. Overall, these findings suggest that the targeting of TAK1 in immune mediated cancers may be a novel therapeutic axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Scarneo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Kelly W Yang
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Jose R Roques
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Alanna Dai
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC 27599, USA
| | - Liesl S Eibschutz
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Philip Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
| | - Timothy A J Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC 27710, USA
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