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Wu J, Yang R, Ge H, Zhu Y, Liu S. PTX3 promotes breast cancer cell proliferation and metastasis by regulating PKCζbreast cancer, pentraxin 3, protein kinase Cζ, proliferation, metastasis. Exp Ther Med 2024; 27:124. [PMID: 38410189 PMCID: PMC10895465 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2024.12412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2023] [Accepted: 01/08/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer (BC) is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women, providing a leading cause of death from malignancy. Pentraxin 3 (PTX3) and protein kinase C ζ (PKCζ) are both known to exert important roles in the progression of multiple types of tumors, including BC. The present study aimed to explore both their interaction and their role in promoting the proliferation and metastasis of BC. The expression level of PTX3 was found to be elevated both in patients with BC and in BC cells; furthermore, it was found to be associated with lymph node metastasis in patients with BC. Knockdown of PTX3 decreased the rate of cell proliferation and the effects of a series of metastasis-associated cellular processes, including cell chemotaxis, migration, adhesion and invasion, as well as diminishing actin polymerization of the MDA-MB-231 and MCF7 BC cells, and decreasing tumor pulmonary metastasis in vivo. Mechanistically, PTX3 and PKCζ were found to be colocalized intracellularly, and they were co-translocated to the cell membrane upon stimulation with epidermal growth factor. Following the knockdown of PTX3, both the phosphorylation and membrane translocation of PKCζ were significantly impaired, suggesting that PTX3 regulates the activation of PKCζ. Taken together, the findings of the present study have shown that PTX3 may promote the proliferation and metastasis of BC cells through regulating PKCζ activation to enhance cell migration, cell chemotaxis, cell invasion and cell adhesion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wu
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Rui Yang
- Department of Genetics, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300070, P.R. China
| | - Haize Ge
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Yu Zhu
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
| | - Shuye Liu
- Clinical Laboratory, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Extracorporeal Life Support for Critical Diseases, Tianjin Institute of Hepatobiliary Disease, Artificial Cell Engineering Technology Research Center, The Third Central Hospital of Tianjin, Tianjin 300170, P.R. China
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Huynh PK, Nguyen D, Binder G, Ambardar S, Le TQ, Voronine DV. Multifractality in Surface Potential for Cancer Diagnosis. J Phys Chem B 2023; 127:6867-6877. [PMID: 37525377 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.3c01733] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/02/2023]
Abstract
Recent advances in high-resolution biomedical imaging have improved cancer diagnosis, focusing on morphological, electrical, and biochemical properties of cells and tissues, scaling from cell clusters down to the molecular level. Multiscale imaging revealed high complexity that requires advanced data processing methods of multifractal analysis. We performed label-free multiscale imaging of surface potential variations in human ovarian cancer cells using Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM). An improvement in the differentiation between nonmalignant and cancerous cells by multifractal analysis using adaptive versus median threshold for image binarization was demonstrated. The results reveal the multifractality of cancer cells as a new biomarker for cancer diagnosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Phat K Huynh
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Dang Nguyen
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Grace Binder
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Sharad Ambardar
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Trung Q Le
- Department of Industrial and Management Systems Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
| | - Dmitri V Voronine
- Department of Medical Engineering, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
- Department of Physics, University of South Florida, Tampa, Florida 33620, United States
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Kawano T, Inokuchi J, Eto M, Murata M, Kang JH. Protein Kinase C (PKC) Isozymes as Diagnostic and Prognostic Biomarkers and Therapeutic Targets for Cancer. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5425. [PMID: 36358843 PMCID: PMC9658272 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 08/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC) is a large family of calcium- and phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinases that consists of at least 11 isozymes. Based on their structural characteristics and mode of activation, the PKC family is classified into three subfamilies: conventional or classic (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ) (PKCλ is the mouse homolog of PKCι) PKC isozymes. PKC isozymes play important roles in proliferation, differentiation, survival, migration, invasion, apoptosis, and anticancer drug resistance in cancer cells. Several studies have shown a positive relationship between PKC isozymes and poor disease-free survival, poor survival following anticancer drug treatment, and increased recurrence. Furthermore, a higher level of PKC activation has been reported in cancer tissues compared to that in normal tissues. These data suggest that PKC isozymes represent potential diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers and therapeutic targets for cancer. This review summarizes the current knowledge and discusses the potential of PKC isozymes as biomarkers in the diagnosis, prognosis, and treatment of cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Takahito Kawano
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Junichi Inokuchi
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masatoshi Eto
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
- Department of Urology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Masaharu Murata
- Center for Advanced Medical Innovation, Kyushu University, 3-1-1 Maidashi, Higashi-ku, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan
| | - Jeong-Hun Kang
- Division of Biopharmaceutics and Pharmacokinetics, National Cerebral and Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 6-1 Shinmachi, Kishibe, Suita, Osaka 564-8565, Japan
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Activators and Inhibitors of Protein Kinase C (PKC): Their Applications in Clinical Trials. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13111748. [PMID: 34834162 PMCID: PMC8621927 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13111748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/08/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 10/19/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Protein kinase C (PKC), a family of phospholipid-dependent serine/threonine kinase, is classed into three subfamilies based on their structural and activation characteristics: conventional or classic PKC isozymes (cPKCs; α, βI, βII, and γ), novel or non-classic PKC isozymes (nPKCs; δ, ε, η, and θ), and atypical PKC isozymes (aPKCs; ζ, ι, and λ). PKC inhibitors and activators are used to understand PKC-mediated intracellular signaling pathways and for the diagnosis and treatment of various PKC-associated diseases, such as cancers, neurological diseases, cardiovascular diseases, and infections. Many clinical trials of PKC inhibitors in cancers showed no significant clinical benefits, meaning that there is a limitation to design a cancer therapeutic strategy targeting PKC alone. This review will focus on the activators and inhibitors of PKC and their applications in clinical trials.
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Waidha K, Anto NP, Jayaram DR, Golan-Goldhirsh A, Rajendran S, Livneh E, Gopas J. 6,6'-Dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN) Purified from Nuphar lutea Leaves Is an Inhibitor of Protein Kinase C Catalytic Activity. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26092785. [PMID: 34066895 PMCID: PMC8125885 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26092785] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Water lily (Nuphar) bioactive extracts have been widely used in traditional medicine owing to their multiple applications against human ailments. Phyto-active Nuphar extracts and their purified and synthetic derivatives have attracted the attention of ethnobotanists and biochemists. Here, we report that 6,6'-dihydroxythiobinupharidine (DTBN), purified from extracts of Nuphar lutea (L.) Sm. leaves, is an effective inhibitor of the kinase activity of members of the protein kinase C (PKC) family using in vitro and in silico approaches. We demonstrate that members of the conventional subfamily of PKCs, PKCα and PKCγ, were more sensitive to DTBN inhibition as compared to novel or atypical PKCs. Molecular docking analysis demonstrated the interaction of DTBN, with the kinase domain of PKCs depicting the best affinity towards conventional PKCs, in accordance with our in vitro kinase activity data. The current study reveals novel targets for DTBN activity, functioning as an inhibitor for PKCs kinase activity. Thus, this and other data indicate that DTBN modulates key cellular signal transduction pathways relevant to disease biology, including cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kamran Waidha
- Defence Institute of High Altitude Research (DIHAR), Defence Research and Development Organisation (DRDO) Leh, Ladakh UT-194101, India;
| | - Nikhil Ponnoor Anto
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
| | - Divya Ram Jayaram
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
| | - Avi Golan-Goldhirsh
- The Jacob Blaustein Institutes for Desert Research (BIDR), Sede Boqer Campus, French Associates Institute for Agriculture and Biotechnology of Drylands, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8499000, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Saravanakumar Rajendran
- Chemistry Division, Vellore Institute of Technology Chennai Campus, School of Advanced Sciences, Chennai 600127, India
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Etta Livneh
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
| | - Jacob Gopas
- The Shraga Segal Department of Microbiology, Immunology and Genetics Faculty of Health Sciences, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel; (N.P.A.); (D.R.J.)
- Department of Oncology, Soroka University Medical Center, Beer Sheva 8400501, Israel
- Correspondence: (A.G.-G.); (S.R.); (E.L.); (J.G.)
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Xiong L, Guo W, Yang Y, Gao D, Wang J, Qu Y, Zhang Y. Tectoridin inhibits the progression of colon cancer through downregulating PKC/p38 MAPK pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2021; 476:2729-2738. [PMID: 33683556 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04081-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Accepted: 01/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
Abstract
Colon cancer is one of the most familiar malignancies worldwide, with high morbidity and high mortality. This study intended to explore the role and mechanism of tectoridin (TEC) in regulating the progression of colon cancer. First, colon cancer cell lines (HCT116 and SW480 cells) were treated with different doses of TEC (0-200 μM). Then, CCK8 and clone formation experiments were performed to detect cell proliferation. Flow cytometry and western blot were conducted to examine apoptosis. Subsequently, Transwell assay and wound-healing test was employed to determine the effect of TEC on colon cancer cell invasion and migration. Next, western blot was performed to monitor the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway activation. In addition, a tumor model was established in nude mice to explore the effect of TEC on tumor growth in vivo. TEC dose-dependently dampened the proliferation, migration and invasion of colon cancer cells and facilitated their apoptosis. In addition, TEC abated the tumor cell growth in vivo. Besides, TEC dose-dependently suppressed the expression of PKC and p38 MAPK. Moreover, inhibiting the PKC pathway almost cancel out the anti-tumor effects induced by TEC. TEC attenuates the colon cancer progression by inhibiting the PKC/p38 MAPK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingfan Xiong
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Wenhao Guo
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China. .,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.
| | - Yong Yang
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Danping Gao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, Wuhan Hongshan District Maternal and Child Health Care Hospital, Wuhan, 430073, Hubei, China
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
| | - Yuanyuan Qu
- Department of Oncology, The Second Hospital of WlSCO, Wuhan, 430085, Hubei, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital Affiliated to Wuhan University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China.,Department of Oncology, China Resources & WISCO General Hospital, Wuhan, 430080, Hubei, China
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Tyagi K, Roy A. Evaluating the current status of protein kinase C (PKC)-protein kinase D (PKD) signalling axis as a novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2020; 1875:188496. [PMID: 33383102 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2020.188496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2020] [Revised: 12/19/2020] [Accepted: 12/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Ovarian cancer, especially high grade serous ovarian cancer is one of the most lethal gynaecological malignancies with high relapse rate and patient death. Notwithstanding development of several targeted treatment and immunotherapeutic approaches, researchers fail to turn ovarian cancer into a manageable disease. Protein kinase C (PKC) and protein kinase D (PKD) are families of evolutionarily conserved serine/threonine kinases that can be activated by a plethora of extracellular stimuli such as hormones, growth factors and G-protein coupled receptor agonists. Recent literature suggests that a signalling cascade initiated by these two protein kinases regulates a battery of cellular and physiological processes involved in tumorigenesis including cell proliferation, migration, invasion and angiogenesis. In an urgent need to discover novel therapeutic interventions against a deadly pathology like ovarian cancer, we have discussed the status quo of PKC/PKD signalling axis in context of this disease. Additionally, apart from discussing the structural properties and activation mechanisms of PKC/PKD, we have provided a comprehensive review of the recent reports on tumor promoting functions of PKC isoforms and discussed the potential of PKC/PKD signalling axis as a novel target in this lethal pathology. Furthermore, in this review, we have discussed the significance of several recent clinical trials and development of small molecule inhibitors that target PKC/PKD signalling axis in ovarian cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Komal Tyagi
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India
| | - Adhiraj Roy
- Amity Institute of Molecular Medicine and Stem Cell Research, Amity University, Sector-125, Noida, Uttar Pradesh 201303, India.
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Dey A, Islam SMA, Patel R, Acevedo-Duncan M. The interruption of atypical PKC signaling and Temozolomide combination therapy against glioblastoma. Cell Signal 2020; 77:109819. [PMID: 33147518 DOI: 10.1016/j.cellsig.2020.109819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 10/26/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Current treatment options of glioblastoma include chemotherapy and limited surgical resection. Temozolomide (TMZ) is the current therapeutic choice for chemotherapy. Still, it has severe limitations due to the development of resistance that occurs by genetic modification and constitutive activation of several cell signaling pathways. Therefore, it is essential to develop combination therapy of TMZ with other novel compounds to prevent the development of chemo-resistance. In this study, we used two inhibitors; ICA, an inhibitor of PKC-ι and ζ-Stat, an inhibitor of PKC-ζ. T98G and U87MG glioblastoma cells were treated with either ICA or ζ-stat or TMZ monotherapies, as well as TMZ were combined with either ICA or ζ-stat for five consecutive days. Our in vitro results exhibited that ICA when combined with TMZ, significantly decreased the viability of cancerous cells compared with untreated or TMZ or ICA monotherapies. Additionally, glioblastoma cells were remarkably undergoing apoptosis against the combination treatment of TMZ and ICA nucleotide compared with untreated control cells, as suggested by our Annexin-V/PI flow cytometric analysis. Moreover, the combination of TMZ and ICA also decreased the invasion of glioblastoma cell lines by acting on FAK/Paxillin pathway, as evidenced by scratch assay, transwell invasion assay, Western blot and immunoprecipitation analysis. Furthermore, our in vivo data presented that the combination of ICA and TMZ also reduced glioblastoma tumor growth and volume in mice. These data suggest that atypical PKCs, particularly PKC-ι might be an important therapeutic target as adjuvant therapy in the treatment of glioblastoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avijit Dey
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, United States of America
| | - S M Anisul Islam
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, United States of America
| | - Rekha Patel
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, United States of America
| | - Mildred Acevedo-Duncan
- Department of Chemistry, University of South Florida, 4202 E Fowler Ave, Tampa, FL 33620, United States of America.
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