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Iorio GC, Denaro N, Livi L, Desideri I, Nardone V, Ricardi U. Editorial: Advances in radiotherapy for head and neck cancer. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1437237. [PMID: 38912069 PMCID: PMC11190330 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1437237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2024] [Accepted: 05/31/2024] [Indexed: 06/25/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Nerina Denaro
- Medical Oncology Unit, Fondazione IRCCS Ca’ Granda Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Livi
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Isacco Desideri
- Department of Experimental and Clinical Biomedical Sciences “Mario Serio”, University of Florence, Florence, Italy
| | - Valerio Nardone
- Department of Precision Medicine, University of Campania “L. Vanvitelli”, Naples, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
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Penrod D, Hirsch B. Nursing Care for Metastatic Bone Cancer: Trends for the Future. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:6483. [PMID: 37569024 PMCID: PMC10418383 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20156483] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2023] [Revised: 07/20/2023] [Accepted: 07/27/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
To effectively treat patients and minimize viral exposure, oncology nurses and radiology departments during COVID-19 had to re-examine the ability to offer palliative radiation treatments to people with metastatic bone cancer. Decreasing potential exposure to the virus resulted in extra measures to keep patients and personnel safe. Limiting radiotherapy treatments, social distancing, and limiting caregivers were a few of the ways that oncology patients were impacted by the pandemic. Hypofractionated radiation therapy (HFRT), or the delivery of fewer higher-dose treatments, was a method of providing care but also limiting exposure to infection for immunocompromised patients as well as healthcare staff. As oncology radiation centers measure the impact of patient care during the pandemic, a trend toward HFRT may occur in treating the painful symptoms of bone cancer. In anticipation that HFRT may be increasingly used in patient treatment plans, oncology nurses should consider patient perspectives and outcomes from the pandemic to further determine how to manage future trends in giving personalized care, and supportive care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Debra Penrod
- Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62901, USA
| | - Brandon Hirsch
- Radiological Sciences, School of Health Sciences, Southern Illinois University, Carbondale, IL 62920, USA;
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Piras A, Venuti V, D’Aviero A, Cusumano D, Pergolizzi S, Daidone A, Boldrini L. Covid-19 and radiotherapy: a systematic review after 2 years of pandemic. Clin Transl Imaging 2022; 10:611-630. [PMID: 35910079 PMCID: PMC9308500 DOI: 10.1007/s40336-022-00513-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Following the Covid-19 pandemic spread, changes in clinical practice were necessary to limit the pandemic diffusion. Also, oncological practice has undergone changes with radiotherapy (RT) treatments playing a key role.Although several experiences have been published, the aim of this review is to summarize the current evidence after 2 years of pandemic to provide useful conclusions for clinicians. Methods A Pubmed/MEDLINE and Embase systematic review was conducted. The search strategy was "Covid AND Radiotherapy" and only original articles in the English language were considered. Results A total of 2.733 papers were obtained using the mentioned search strategy. After the complete selection process, a total of 281 papers were considered eligible for the analysis of the results. Discussion RT has played a key role in Covid-19 pandemic as it has proved more resilient than surgery and chemotherapy. The impact of the accelerated use of hypofractionated RT and telemedicine will make these strategies central also in the post-pandemic period.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonio Piras
- Radioterapia Oncologica, Villa Santa Teresa, Palermo, Italy
| | - Valeria Venuti
- Radioterapia Oncologica, Università degli Studi di Palermo, Palermo, Italy
| | - Andrea D’Aviero
- Radiation Oncology, Mater Olbia Hospital, Olbia, Sassari Italy
| | | | - Stefano Pergolizzi
- Radiation Oncology Unit, Department of Biomedical, Dental Science and Morphological and Functional Images, University of Messina, Messina, Italy
| | | | - Luca Boldrini
- Dipartimento di Diagnostica per immagini, Radioterapia Oncologica ed Ematologia, UOC Radioterapia Oncologica - Fondazione Policlinico Universitario Agostino Gemelli IRCCS, Roma, Italy
- Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, Roma, Italy
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Singh P, Mandal A, Singh D, Kumar S, Kumar A, Rakesh A, Ranjan R, Verma M, Rai DK, Bhushan D, Shankar A, Sinha A, Saini R, Saha A, Thovarayi A, Baral AK, Chauhan S, Kumar R, Kakoty P, Modak B, Ranjan A. Interim Analysis of Impact of Adding Low Dose Pulmonary Radiotherapy to Moderate COVID-19 Pneumonia Patients: IMpaCt-RT Study. Front Oncol 2022; 12:822902. [PMID: 35425707 PMCID: PMC9002137 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.822902] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Treatment for coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pneumonia remains largely supportive till date and multiple clinical trials took place within the short span of time to evaluate the role of investigational therapies. The anti-inflammatory effect of low dose whole lung radiation in treating pneumonia has been documented earlier. This clinical trial analyzed the effect of low dose radiation therapy (LDRT) in a moderately affected COVID-19 pneumonia patient cohort and has evaluated its effect in stopping the conversion of moderate disease into severe disease. Methods Patients with moderate COVID-19 pneumonia as characterized by the Ministry of Health and Family Welfare (MOHFW), Government of India, were randomized (1:1) to low dose whole lung radiation versus no radiation. All treatment of patients was concurrently being given as per institutional protocol. Patients were followed up with clinical and laboratory parameters monitored on Days 1, 3, 7, and 14. Computed tomography scan (CT scan) of thorax was performed on Days 1 and 7. Patients were evaluated for conversion of moderate into severe disease as per National Early Warning Score-2 (NEWS-2 score) as the primary end point. The secondary endpoints included changes in ratio between peripheral capillary oxygen saturation and fraction of inspired oxygen (SpO2/FiO2), biochemical markers, 25-point CT severity score, and radiation induced acute pulmonary toxicities. Findings At the interim analysis, there were seven patients in the radiation arm and six in the control. A whole lung LDRT improved the outcome of SpO2/FiO2 at Day 3; however it did not convert into a statistically significant improvement for the NEWS-2 score. The serum levels of LDH, CRP, Ferritin and D-dimer were significantly reduced on 14 days in the LDRT arm in comparison to the baseline value but were not significant between the two groups. Interpretation LDRT seems to have the potential to prevent moderate COVID-19 pneumonia from a deteriorating to severe category. However, further randomized clinical trial with an adequate number of such patients is warranted to establish the definitive role of LDRT in the management of COVID-19 pneumonia. Funding An intramural research project bearing code: I-27/621, was sanctioned from the All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India. Clinical Trial Registration Clinical Trials Registry-India (CTRI/2021/06/033912, 25th May 2021) ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pritanjali Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Avik Mandal
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Dharmendra Singh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Subhash Kumar
- Department of Radio-diagnosis, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Amarjeet Kumar
- Department of Anaesthesiology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Amrita Rakesh
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Rakesh Ranjan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Manika Verma
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Deependra Kumar Rai
- Department of Pulmonary Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Divendu Bhushan
- Department of General Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Abhishek Shankar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Arkaprava Sinha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Rohit Saini
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Arijit Saha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Ashwin Thovarayi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Anindya Kumar Baral
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Samyak Chauhan
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Rajhans Kumar
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Priya Kakoty
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Bithika Modak
- Department of Radiation Oncology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
| | - Alok Ranjan
- Department of Community and Family Medicine, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Patna, India
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Mohseni Afshar Z, Hosseinzadeh R, Barary M, Ebrahimpour S, Alijanpour A, Sayad B, Hosseinzadeh D, Miri SR, Sio TT, Sullman MJM, Carson‐Chahhoud K, Babazadeh A. Challenges posed by COVID-19 in cancer patients: A narrative review. Cancer Med 2022; 11:1119-1135. [PMID: 34951152 PMCID: PMC8855916 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.4519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2021] [Revised: 12/08/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
A novel coronavirus, or severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), was identified as the causative agent of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19). In early 2020, the World Health Organization declared COVID-19 the sixth public health emergency of international concern. The COVID-19 pandemic has substantially affected many groups within the general population, but particularly those with extant clinical conditions, such as having or being treated for cancer. Cancer patients are at a higher risk of developing severe COVID-19 since the malignancy and chemotherapy may negatively affect the immune system, and their immunocompromised condition also increases the risk of infection. Substantial international efforts are currently underway to develop specific methods for diagnosing and treating COVID-19. However, cancer patients' risk profiles, management, and outcomes are not well understood. Thus, the main objective of this review is to discuss the relevant evidence to understand the prognosis of COVID-19 infections in cancer patients more clearly, as well as helping to improve the clinical management of these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zeinab Mohseni Afshar
- Clinical Research Development CenterImam Reza HospitalKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | | | - Mohammad Barary
- Student Research CommitteeBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
- Students’ Scientific Research Center (SSRC)Tehran University of Medical SciencesTehranIran
| | - Soheil Ebrahimpour
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
| | | | - Babak Sayad
- Clinical Research Development CenterImam Reza HospitalKermanshah University of Medical SciencesKermanshahIran
| | | | - Seyed Rouhollah Miri
- Cancer Research CenterCancer Institute of IranTehran University of Medical ScienceTehranIran
| | - Terence T. Sio
- Department of Radiation OncologyMayo ClinicPhoenixArizonaUSA
| | - Mark J. M. Sullman
- Department of Social SciencesUniversity of NicosiaNicosiaCyprus
- Department of Life and Health SciencesUniversity of NicosiaNicosiaCyprus
| | | | - Arefeh Babazadeh
- Infectious Diseases and Tropical Medicine Research CenterHealth Research InstituteBabol University of Medical SciencesBabolIran
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Iorio GC, Ammendolia A, Marotta N, Ricardi U, de Sire A. A bond between rheumatic diseases and cancer in the elderly: The interleukin-6 pathway. Int J Rheum Dis 2021; 24:1317-1320. [PMID: 34347374 DOI: 10.1111/1756-185x.14194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2021] [Revised: 07/08/2021] [Accepted: 07/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Interleukin (IL)-6 is a soluble factor secreted by T lymphocytes, involved in antibody generation by B lymphocytes. The IL-6 pathway has risen as a pivotal pathway implicated in immune regulation and dysregulation in various rheumatic diseases. Nonetheless, elevated IL-6 levels can also play a role in cancer. Targeting the IL-6 pathway has led to innovative therapeutic approaches for rheumatic diseases and for COVID-19, particularly in the elderly. Indeed, tocilizumab, an agent targeting IL-6, has recently amassed significant attention as a promising univocal agent for different conditions. In this viewpoint, we sought to recall and describe the common pathway among osteoarthritis, rheumatoid arthritis, and cancer, suggesting that anti-IL-6 may be considered a jack-of-all-trades against inflammaging in the elderly.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Ammendolia
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Nicola Marotta
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
| | - Umberto Ricardi
- Department of Oncology, Radiation Oncology, University of Turin, Turin, Italy
| | - Alessandro de Sire
- Department of Medical and Surgical Sciences, University of Catanzaro "Magna Graecia", Catanzaro, Italy
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