1
|
Garg P, Krishna M, Subbalakshmi AR, Ramisetty S, Mohanty A, Kulkarni P, Horne D, Salgia R, Singhal SS. Emerging biomarkers and molecular targets for precision medicine in cervical cancer. Biochim Biophys Acta Rev Cancer 2024; 1879:189106. [PMID: 38701936 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbcan.2024.189106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2024] [Revised: 04/18/2024] [Accepted: 04/28/2024] [Indexed: 05/06/2024]
Abstract
Cervical cancer remains a significant global health burden, necessitating innovative approaches for improved diagnostics and personalized treatment strategies. Precision medicine has emerged as a promising paradigm, leveraging biomarkers and molecular targets to tailor therapy to individual patients. This review explores the landscape of emerging biomarkers and molecular targets in cervical cancer, highlighting their potential implications for precision medicine. By integrating these biomarkers into comprehensive diagnostic algorithms, clinicians can identify high-risk patients at an earlier stage, enabling timely intervention and improved patient outcomes. Furthermore, the identification of specific molecular targets has paved the way for the development of targeted therapies aimed at disrupting key pathways implicated in cervical carcinogenesis. In conclusion, the evolving landscape of biomarkers and molecular targets presents exciting opportunities for advancing precision medicine in cervical cancer. By harnessing these insights, clinicians can optimize treatment selection, enhance patient outcomes, and ultimately transform the management of this devastating disease.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pankaj Garg
- Department of Chemistry, GLA University, Mathura, Uttar Pradesh 281406, India
| | - Madhu Krishna
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ayalur Raghu Subbalakshmi
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sravani Ramisetty
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Atish Mohanty
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Prakash Kulkarni
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - David Horne
- Departments of Molecular Medicine, Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Ravi Salgia
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA
| | - Sharad S Singhal
- Departments of Medical Oncology & Therapeutics Research and Beckman Research Institute of City of Hope, Comprehensive Cancer Center and National Medical Center, Duarte, CA 91010, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Parida P, Lewis S, Sharan K, Kamal MV, Kumar NAN, Godkhindi VM, Varambally S, Rangnekar VM, Rao M, Damerla RR. Increased Gene Expression of C1orf74 Is Associated with Poor Prognosis in Cervical Cancer. Cells 2023; 12:2530. [PMID: 37947608 PMCID: PMC10649411 DOI: 10.3390/cells12212530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
C1orf74, also known as URCL4, has been reported to have higher expression and be associated with poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients, and its role in regulation of the EGFR/AKT/mTORC1 pathway has been recently elucidated. In the current study, we used publicly available data and experimental validation of C1orf74 gene expression and its association with prognosis in cervical cancer patients. qRT-PCR was performed using RNA from cervical cancer cell lines and twenty-five cervical cancer patients. Data from TNMplot revealed that mRNA expression of the C1orf74 gene in primary tumor tissues, as well as metastatic tissues from cervical cancer patients, was significantly higher compared to normal cervical tissues. HPV-positive tumors had higher expression of this gene compared to HPV-negative tumors. qPCR analysis also demonstrated higher expression of C1orf74 in HPV-positive cervical cancer cell lines and most cervical cancer patients. The promoter methylation levels of the C1orf74 gene in cervical cancer tissues were lower compared to normal cervical tissues (p < 0.05). Collectively, our study indicates that higher expression of the C1orf74 gene caused by hypomethylation of its promoter is associated with poor overall survival in cervical cancer patients. Thus, C1orf74 is a novel prognostic marker in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Preetiparna Parida
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India;
| | - Shirley Lewis
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (S.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Krishna Sharan
- Department of Radiotherapy and Oncology, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (S.L.); (K.S.)
| | - Mehta Vedant Kamal
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (M.V.K.); (N.A.N.K.)
| | - Naveena A. N. Kumar
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Manipal Comprehensive Cancer Care Centre, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India; (M.V.K.); (N.A.N.K.)
| | - Vishwapriya M. Godkhindi
- Department of Pathology, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India;
| | - Sooryanarayana Varambally
- Cellular and Molecular Pathology, Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA;
- O’Neal Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA
| | - Vivek M. Rangnekar
- Department of Radiation Medicine, College of Medicine, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA;
- Markey Cancer Center, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Mahadev Rao
- Department of Pharmacy Practice, Center for Translational Research, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Rama Rao Damerla
- Department of Medical Genetics, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education (MAHE), Manipal 576104, Karnataka, India;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Vink FJ, Meijer CJLM, Lissenberg-Witte BI, Visser C, Duin S, Snyman LC, Richter KL, van der Merwe FH, Botha MH, Steenbergen RDM, Dreyer G. Validation of ASCL1 and LHX8 Methylation Analysis as Primary Cervical Cancer Screening Strategy in South African Women with Human Immunodeficiency Virus. Clin Infect Dis 2022; 76:416-423. [PMID: 36366827 PMCID: PMC9907555 DOI: 10.1093/cid/ciac801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Compared with women who are human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) negative, women with human immunodeficiency virus (WWH) have a higher human papillomavirus (HPV) prevalence and increased cervical cancer risk, emphasizing the need for effective cervical cancer screening in this population. The present study aimed to validate methylation markers ASCL1 and LHX8 for primary screening in a South African cohort of WWH. METHODS In this post hoc analysis within the DIAgnosis in Vaccine And Cervical Cancer Screen (DiaVACCS) study, a South African observational multicenter cohort study, cervical scrape samples from 411 HIV-positive women were analyzed for hypermethylation of ASCL1 and LHX8 genes, HPV DNA, and cytology. Sensitivities, specificities, and positive and negative predictive values of primary methylation-based, HPV-based and cytology-based screening were calculated for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or higher. RESULTS Single markers ASCL1 and LHX8 resulted in a good performance for the detection of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia of grade 3 or higher, with sensitivities of 85.9% (95% confidence interval [CI], 78.2%-93.6%) and 89.7% (83.0%-96.5%), respectively, and specificities of 72.9% (67.3%-78.5%) and 75.0% (69.5%-80.5%). Combining markers ASCL1 and LHX8 resulted in a lower sensitivity compared with HPV testing (84.6% vs 93.6%, respectively; ratio, 0.90 [95% CI, .82-.99]) and a higher specificity (86.7% vs 78.3%; ratio 1.11 [1.02-1.20]) and reduced the referral rate from 46.8% to 33.4%. ASCL1/LHX8 methylation had a significantly higher sensitivity than cytology (threshold, high-grade intraepithelial squamous lesion or worse), (84.6% vs 74.0%, respectively; ratio, 1.16 [95% CI, 1.01-1.32]) and similar specificity (86.7% vs 91.0%; ratio, 0.95 [.90-1.003]). CONCLUSIONS Our results validate the accuracy of ASCL1/LHX8 methylation analysis for primary screening in WWH, which offers a full-molecular alternative to cytology- or HPV-based screening, without the need for additional triage testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Frederique J Vink
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Chris J L M Meijer
- Correspondence: C. J. L. M. Meijer, Amsterdam UMC, Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Pathology, Cancer Center Amsterdam, De Boelelaan 1117, 1081 HV Amsterdam, the Netherlands ()
| | - Birgit I Lissenberg-Witte
- Department of Epidemiology and Data Science, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Cathy Visser
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Sylvia Duin
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Leon C Snyman
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Karin L Richter
- Department of Medical Virology, University of Pretoria Faculty of Health Sciences, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Frederick H van der Merwe
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Matthys H Botha
- Gynaecologic Oncology Unit, Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, Stellenbosch University Faculty of Health Sciences, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Renske D M Steenbergen
- Department of Pathology, Amsterdam UMC, location Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands,Imaging and Biomarkers, Cancer Center Amsterdam, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | | |
Collapse
|
4
|
Ji H, Li K, Jiang W, Li J, Zhang JA, Zhu X. MRVI1 and NTRK3 Are Potential Tumor Suppressor Genes Commonly Inactivated by DNA Methylation in Cervical Cancer. Front Oncol 2022; 11:802068. [PMID: 35141152 PMCID: PMC8818726 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2021.802068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2021] [Accepted: 12/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The abnormally methylated tumor suppressor genes (TSGs) associated with cervical cancer are unclear. DNA methylation data, RNA-seq expression profiles, and overall survival data were downloaded from TCGA CESC database. DMGs and DEGs were obtained through CHAMP and DESeq packages, respectively. TSGs were downloaded from TSGene 2.0. Candidate hypermethylated/down-regulated TSGs were further evaluated and pyrosequencing was used to confirm their difference in methylation levels of selected TSGs in cervical cancer patients. A total of 25946 differentially methylated CpGs corresponding to 2686 hypermethylated genes and 4898 hypomethylated genes between cervical cancer and adjacent normal cervical tissues were found in this study. Besides, 693 DEGs (109 up-regulated and 584 down-regulated) were discovered in cervical cancer tissues. Then, 192 hypermethylated/down-regulated genes were obtained in cervical cancer compared to adjacent tissues. Interestingly, 26 TSGs were found in hypermethylated/down-regulated genes. Among these genes, low expression of MRVI1 and NTRK3 was associated with poor overall survival in cervical cancer. Moreover, GEO data showed that MRVI1 and NTRK3 were significantly decreased in cervical cancer tissues. The expression levels of MRVI1 and NTRK3 were negatively correlated with the methylation levels of their promoter CpG sites. Additionally, elevated methylation levels of MRVI1 and NTRK3 promoter were further verified in cervical cancer tissues by pyrosequencing experiments. Finally, the ROC results showed that the promoter methylation levels of MRVI1 and NTRK3 had the ability to discriminate cervical cancer from healthy samples. The study contributes to our understanding of the roles of MRVI1 and NTRK3 in cervical cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huihui Ji
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Kehan Li
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Wenxiao Jiang
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Jingwei Li
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Woman and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
| | - Jian-an Zhang
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xueqiong Zhu
- Center of Uterine Cancer Diagnosis & Therapy Research of Zhejiang Province, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, the Second Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Taizhou Woman and Children’s Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Taizhou, China
- *Correspondence: Xueqiong Zhu,
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Arumugam T, Ramphal U, Adimulam T, Chinniah R, Ramsuran V. Deciphering DNA Methylation in HIV Infection. Front Immunol 2021; 12:795121. [PMID: 34925380 PMCID: PMC8674454 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.795121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
With approximately 38 million people living with HIV/AIDS globally, and a further 1.5 million new global infections per year, it is imperative that we advance our understanding of all factors contributing to HIV infection. While most studies have focused on the influence of host genetic factors on HIV pathogenesis, epigenetic factors are gaining attention. Epigenetics involves alterations in gene expression without altering the DNA sequence. DNA methylation is a critical epigenetic mechanism that influences both viral and host factors. This review has five focal points, which examines (i) fluctuations in the expression of methylation modifying factors upon HIV infection (ii) the effect of DNA methylation on HIV viral genes and (iii) host genome (iv) inferences from other infectious and non-communicable diseases, we provide a list of HIV-associated host genes that are regulated by methylation in other disease models (v) the potential of DNA methylation as an epi-therapeutic strategy and biomarker. DNA methylation has also been shown to serve as a robust therapeutic strategy and precision medicine biomarker against diseases such as cancer and autoimmune conditions. Despite new drugs being discovered for HIV, drug resistance is a problem in high disease burden settings such as Sub-Saharan Africa. Furthermore, genetic therapies that are under investigation are irreversible and may have off target effects. Alternative therapies that are nongenetic are essential. In this review, we discuss the potential role of DNA methylation as a novel therapeutic intervention against HIV.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Thilona Arumugam
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Upasana Ramphal
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Theolan Adimulam
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Romona Chinniah
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| | - Veron Ramsuran
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Medical Sciences, College of Health Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- Centre for the AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
- KwaZulu-Natal Research Innovation and Sequencing Platform (KRISP), School of Laboratory Medicine & Medical Sciences, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Durban, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tan YL, Chen H, Wu ZK, He J, Jiang JH. Digital Loop-Mediated Isothermal Amplification-Based Absolute Methylation Quantification Revealed Hypermethylated DAPK1 in Cervical Cancer Patients. Anal Chem 2021; 93:8077-8083. [PMID: 34019386 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.1c01510] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The aberrant methylation of many genes has been reported to be associated with various carcinomas. Accurate detection of the methylation level could provide critical insights into the diagnostic analysis of diseases. Here, a sensitive HpaII-edited absolute droplet loop-mediated isothermal amplification (HEADLAMP) method based on methylation-sensitive restriction enzyme (MSRE) HpaII was developed for the digital quantification of DNA methylation. Methylation levels of the death-associated protein kinase 1 (DAPK1) gene that is associated with many cancers were studied using β-actin as an internal reference. DAPK1 (2.5 pM) with 0.01% methylation (250 aM) can be detected with the conventional HpaII-edited LAMP assay. Using HEADLAMP, as low as 1% methylation level can be distinguished with an estimated limit of detection of 5 aM (ca. 3 copies/μL). Moreover, HEADLAMP can detect low levels of methylated DAPK1 in normal L-02 cells, while the conventional assay cannot. Finally, HEADLAMP was applied to the detection of DAPK1 methylation in 20 clinical tissue samples, which revealed hypermethylated DAPK1 in cervical cancer patients. We envisage potential applications of this robust, specific, and sensitive HEADLAMP assay in epigenetic studies and early clinical diagnosis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Tan
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Hongjian Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Zhen-Kun Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jianjun He
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| | - Jian-Hui Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemo/BioSensing and Chemometrics, College of Biology, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hunan University, Changsha 410082, China
| |
Collapse
|