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Cheng YW, Lee JH, Chang CH, Tseng TT, Chai CY, Lieu AS, Kwan AL. High PGC-1α Expression as a Poor Prognostic Indicator in Intracranial Glioma. Biomedicines 2024; 12:979. [PMID: 38790941 PMCID: PMC11117502 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines12050979] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2024] [Revised: 04/23/2024] [Accepted: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 05/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Gliomas are the most common primary brain tumors in adults. Despite multidisciplinary treatment approaches, the survival rates for patients with malignant glioma have only improved marginally, and few prognostic biomarkers have been identified. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) coactivator-1α (PGC-1α) is a crucial regulator of cancer metabolism, playing a vital role in cancer cell adaptation to fluctuating energy demands. In this study, the clinicopathological roles of PGC-1α in gliomas were evaluated. Employing immunohistochemistry, cell culture, siRNA transfection, cell viability assays, western blot analyses, and in vitro and in vivo invasion and migration assays, we explored the functions of PGC-1α in glioma progression. High PGC-1α expression was significantly associated with an advanced pathological stage in patients with glioma and with poorer overall survival. The downregulation of PGC-1α inhibited glioma cell proliferation, invasion, and migration and altered the expression of oncogenic markers. These results conclusively demonstrated that PGC-1α plays a critical role in maintaining the malignant phenotype of glioma cells and indicated that targeting PGC-1α could be an effective strategy to curb glioma progression and improve patient survival outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Wen Cheng
- Department of Neurosurgery, Kaohsiung Veterans General Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
| | - Jia-Hau Lee
- National Institute of Cancer Research, National Health Research Institutes, Tainan 701, Taiwan;
| | - Chih-Hui Chang
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
| | - Tzu-Ting Tseng
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
| | - Chee-Yin Chai
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Department of Pathology, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Ann-Shung Lieu
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
| | - Aij-Lie Kwan
- Graduate Institute of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan;
- Division of Neurosurgery, Department of Surgery, Kaohsiung Medical University Hospital, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan; (C.-H.C.); (T.-T.T.)
- Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung 807, Taiwan
- Department of Neurosurgery, University of Virginia, Charlottesville, VA 23806, USA
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Veilleux V, Pichaud N, Boudreau LH, Robichaud GA. Mitochondria Transfer by Platelet-Derived Microparticles Regulates Breast Cancer Bioenergetic States and Malignant Features. Mol Cancer Res 2024; 22:268-281. [PMID: 38085263 DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-23-0329] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 12/07/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2024]
Abstract
An increasing number of studies show that platelets as well as platelet-derived microparticles (PMP) play significant roles in cancer malignancy and disease progression. Particularly, PMPs have the capacity to interact and internalize within target cells resulting in the transfer of their bioactive cargo, which can modulate the signaling and activation processes of recipient cells. We recently identified a new subpopulation of these vesicles (termed mitoMPs), which contain functional mitochondria. Given the predominant role of mitochondria in cancer cell metabolism and disease progression, we set out to investigate the impact of mitoMPs on breast cancer metabolic reprograming and phenotypic processes leading to malignancy. Interestingly, we observed that recipient cell permeability to PMP internalization varied among the breast cancer cell types evaluated in our study. Specifically, cells permissive to mitoMPs acquire mitochondrial-dependent functions, which stimulate increased cellular oxygen consumption rates and intracellular ATP levels. In addition, cancer cells co-incubated with PMPs display enhanced malignant features in terms of migration and invasion. Most importantly, the cancer aggressive processes and notable metabolic plasticity induced by PMPs were highly dependent on the functional status of the mitoMP-packaged mitochondria. These findings characterize a new mechanism by which breast cancer cells acquire foreign mitochondria resulting in the gain of metabolic processes and malignant features. A better understanding of these mechanisms may provide therapeutic opportunities through PMP blockade to deprive cancer cells from resources vital in disease progression. IMPLICATIONS We show that the transfer of foreign mitochondria by microparticles modulates recipient cancer cell metabolic plasticity, leading to greater malignant processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa Veilleux
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Nicolas Pichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Luc H Boudreau
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
| | - Gilles A Robichaud
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Université de Moncton, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- New Brunswick Center for Precision Medicine, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
- Atlantic Cancer Research Institute, Moncton, New Brunswick, Canada
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Da X, Xiang Y, Hu H, Kong X, Qiu C, Jiang Z, Zhao G, Cai J, Huang A, Zhang C, He C, Lv B, Zhang H, Yang Y. Identification of changes in bile composition in pancreaticobiliary reflux based on liquid chromatography/mass spectrometry metabolomics. BMC Gastroenterol 2024; 24:5. [PMID: 38166630 PMCID: PMC10759582 DOI: 10.1186/s12876-023-03097-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Pancreaticobiliary reflux (PBR) can induce gallstone formation; however, its pathogenic mechanism remains unclear. In this study, we explored the mechanism of PBR by the non-targeted metabolomic analysis of bile in patients with PBR. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the pathogenic mechanism in PBR by the non-targeted metabolomic analysis of bile collected during surgery. METHODS Sixty patients who underwent gallstone surgery at our center from December 2020 to May 2021 were enrolled in the study. According to the level of bile amylase, 30 patients with increased bile amylase ( > 110 U/L) were classified into the PBR group, and the remaining 30 patients were classified into the control group (≤ 110 U/L). The metabolomic analysis of bile was performed. RESULTS The orthogonal projections to latent structure-discriminant analysis of liquid chromatography mass spectrometry showed significant differences in bile components between the PBR and control groups, and 40 metabolites were screened by variable importance for the projection value (VIP > 1). The levels of phosphatidylcholine (PC) and PC (20:3(8Z,11Z,14Z)/14:0) decreased significantly, whereas the levels of lysoPC (16:1(9z)/0:0), lysoPC (15:0), lysoPC (16:0), palmitic acid, arachidonic acid, leucine, methionine, L-tyrosine, and phenylalanine increased. CONCLUSIONS Significant differences in bile metabolites were observed between the PBR and control groups. Changes in amino acids and lipid metabolites may be related to stone formation and mucosal inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuanbo Da
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yukai Xiang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Hai Hu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Xiangyu Kong
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chen Qiu
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Zhaoyan Jiang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Gang Zhao
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jingli Cai
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Anhua Huang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Chuanqi He
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Beining Lv
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Honglei Zhang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Yulong Yang
- Center of Gallbladder Disease, Shanghai East Hospital, Institute of Gallstone Disease, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China.
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Zhou X, Wang S, Li Y, Zhao H, Han X, Yu Y, Chen Y, Yang Y, Ma X, Huo H, Zhang M, Zhao Y, Ma N. Monocarboxylate transporter 4 promotes the migration of non‑cancerous L929 fibroblast cells by activating the IGF1/IGF1R/PIK3R3/SGK1 axis. Oncol Lett 2023; 26:460. [PMID: 37745980 PMCID: PMC10512108 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2023.14047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2023] [Accepted: 07/21/2023] [Indexed: 09/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The tumor microenvironment (TME) and Warburg effect are critical for the regulation of tumor metastasis. The monocarboxylate transporter (MCT) family members, particularly MCT4, which is encoded by the solute carrier family 16 member 3 gene, play an important role in the regulation of the TME and mediation of the Warburg effect by transporting lactate out of cancer cells. Migration and invasion are two key features of metastasis. Few studies have investigated the mechanism by which MCT4 promotes cell migration, and the suggested mechanisms by which MCT4 promotes migration vary in different tumor cell models. The purpose of the present study was to use non-cancerous cells as a research model to investigate the specific mechanism underlying the promotion of migration by MCT4. In a previous study, murine L929 cells overexpressing human MCT4 (MCT4-L929 cells) were generated and MCT4 was demonstrated to promote the migration and invasion of these non-cancerous cells. In the present study, MCT4-L929 cells and control-L929 cells were used to investigate the potential pathways and mechanisms through which MCT4 promotes cell migration. RNA sequencing analysis revealed 872 differentially expressed genes, comprising 337 and 535 upregulated and downregulated genes, respectively, in the MCT4-L929 cells. Reverse transcription-quantitative analysis and western blotting revealed that MCT4 overexpression increased the transcription and protein levels of insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1). In a wound healing assay, the migration of exogenous mouse IGF1-treated control-L929 cells was similar to that of MCT4-L929 cells. Additionally, the inhibition of IGF1 receptor (IGF1R) or serum/glucocorticoid regulated kinase 1 (SGK1), a downstream protein in the IGF1 and phosphoinositide 3-kinase PI3K regulatory subunit 3 (PIK3R3) pathways, in MCT4-L929 cells mitigated the cell migration-promoting effect of MCT4. These novel findings suggest that MCT4 may promote the migration of L929 fibroblast cells via activation of the IGF1/IGF1R/PIK3R3/SGK1 axis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoju Zhou
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Shuo Wang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yanyan Li
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - He Zhao
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xue Han
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yue Yu
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yu Chen
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yu Yang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Xiaonan Ma
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Hongjing Huo
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Manting Zhang
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Yongshan Zhao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
| | - Ningning Ma
- Wuya College of Innovation, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang, Liaoning 110016, P.R. China
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Wang J, Hua S, Bao H, Yuan J, Zhao Y, Chen S. Pyroptosis and inflammasomes in cancer and inflammation. MedComm (Beijing) 2023; 4:e374. [PMID: 37752941 PMCID: PMC10518439 DOI: 10.1002/mco2.374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 08/20/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Nonprogrammed cell death (NPCD) and programmed cell death (PCD) are two types of cell death. Cell death is significantly linked to tumor development, medication resistance, cancer recurrence, and metastatic dissemination. Therefore, a comprehensive understanding of cell death is essential for the treatment of cancer. Pyroptosis is a kind of PCD distinct from autophagy and apoptosis in terms of the structure and function of cells. The defining features of pyroptosis include the release of an inflammatory cascade reaction and the expulsion of lysosomes, inflammatory mediators, and other cellular substances from within the cell. Additionally, it displays variations in osmotic pressure both within and outside the cell. Pyroptosis, as evidenced by a growing body of research, is critical for controlling the development of inflammatory diseases and cancer. In this paper, we reviewed the current level of knowledge on the mechanism of pyroptosis and inflammasomes and their connection to cancer and inflammatory diseases. This article presents a theoretical framework for investigating the potential of therapeutic targets in cancer and inflammatory diseases, overcoming medication resistance, establishing nanomedicines associated with pyroptosis, and developing risk prediction models in refractory cancer. Given the link between pyroptosis and the emergence of cancer and inflammatory diseases, pyroptosis-targeted treatments may be a cutting-edge treatment strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jie‐Lin Wang
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Sheng‐Ni Hua
- Department of Radiation OncologyZhuhai Peoples HospitalZhuhai Hospital Affiliated with Jinan UniversityZhuhaiChina
| | - Hai‐Juan Bao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Jing Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Yang Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
| | - Shuo Chen
- Department of Obstetrics and GynecologyGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
- Department of Gynecologic Oncology Research OfficeGuangzhou Key Laboratory of Targeted Therapy for Gynecologic OncologyGuangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Major Obstetric DiseasesThe Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical UniversityGuangzhouChina
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The role of metabolic reprogramming in cancer metastasis and potential mechanism of traditional Chinese medicine intervention. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 153:113376. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2022.113376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2022] [Revised: 06/30/2022] [Accepted: 07/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Su P, Yu L, Mao X, Sun P. Role of HIF-1α/ERRα in Enhancing Cancer Cell Metabolism and Promoting Resistance of Endometrial Cancer Cells to Pyroptosis. Front Oncol 2022; 12:881252. [PMID: 35800058 PMCID: PMC9253301 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.881252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxygen is critical to energy metabolism, and tumors are often characterized by a hypoxic microenvironment. Owing to the high metabolic energy demand of malignant tumor cells, their survival is promoted by metabolic reprogramming in the hypoxic microenvironment, which can confer tumor cell resistance to pyroptosis. Pyroptosis resistance can inhibit anti-tumor immunity and promote the development of malignant tumors. Hypoxia inducible factor-1α (HIF-1α) is a key regulator of metabolic reprogramming in tumor cells, and estrogen-related receptor α (ERRα) plays a key role in regulating cellular energy metabolism. Therefore, the close interaction between HIF-1α and ERRα influences the metabolic and functional changes in cancer cells. In this review, we summarize the reprogramming of tumor metabolism involving HIF-1α/ERRα. We review our understanding of the role of HIF-1α/ERRα in promoting tumor growth adaptation and pyroptosis resistance, emphasize its key role in energy homeostasis, and explore the regulation of HIF-1α/ERRα in preventing and/or treating endometrial carcinoma patients. This review provides a new perspective for the study of the molecular mechanisms of metabolic changes in tumor progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingping Su
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Lirui Yu
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaodan Mao
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fuzhou, China
| | - Pengming Sun
- Laboratory of Gynecological Oncology, Department of Gynecology, Fujian Maternity and Child Health Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, China
- Fujian Key Laboratory of Women and Children’s Critical Diseases Research, Fuzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Pengming Sun,
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Sebestyén A, Dankó T, Sztankovics D, Moldvai D, Raffay R, Cervi C, Krencz I, Zsiros V, Jeney A, Petővári G. The role of metabolic ecosystem in cancer progression — metabolic plasticity and mTOR hyperactivity in tumor tissues. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2022; 40:989-1033. [PMID: 35029792 PMCID: PMC8825419 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10006-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Despite advancements in cancer management, tumor relapse and metastasis are associated with poor outcomes in many cancers. Over the past decade, oncogene-driven carcinogenesis, dysregulated cellular signaling networks, dynamic changes in the tissue microenvironment, epithelial-mesenchymal transitions, protein expression within regulatory pathways, and their part in tumor progression are described in several studies. However, the complexity of metabolic enzyme expression is considerably under evaluated. Alterations in cellular metabolism determine the individual phenotype and behavior of cells, which is a well-recognized hallmark of cancer progression, especially in the adaptation mechanisms underlying therapy resistance. In metabolic symbiosis, cells compete, communicate, and even feed each other, supervised by tumor cells. Metabolic reprogramming forms a unique fingerprint for each tumor tissue, depending on the cellular content and genetic, epigenetic, and microenvironmental alterations of the developing cancer. Based on its sensing and effector functions, the mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) kinase is considered the master regulator of metabolic adaptation. Moreover, mTOR kinase hyperactivity is associated with poor prognosis in various tumor types. In situ metabolic phenotyping in recent studies highlights the importance of metabolic plasticity, mTOR hyperactivity, and their role in tumor progression. In this review, we update recent developments in metabolic phenotyping of the cancer ecosystem, metabolic symbiosis, and plasticity which could provide new research directions in tumor biology. In addition, we suggest pathomorphological and analytical studies relating to metabolic alterations, mTOR activity, and their associations which are necessary to improve understanding of tumor heterogeneity and expand the therapeutic management of cancer.
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Takács-Vellai K, Farkas Z, Ősz F, Stewart GW. Model systems in SDHx-related pheochromocytoma/paraganglioma. Cancer Metastasis Rev 2021; 40:1177-1201. [PMID: 34957538 PMCID: PMC8825606 DOI: 10.1007/s10555-021-10009-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/04/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Pheochromocytoma (PHEO) and paraganglioma (PGL) (together PPGL) are tumors with poor outcomes that arise from neuroendocrine cells in the adrenal gland, and sympathetic and parasympathetic ganglia outside the adrenal gland, respectively. Many follow germline mutations in genes coding for subunits of succinate dehydrogenase (SDH), a tetrameric enzyme in the tricarboxylic acid (TCA) cycle that both converts succinate to fumarate and participates in electron transport. Germline SDH subunit B (SDHB) mutations have a high metastatic potential. Herein, we review the spectrum of model organisms that have contributed hugely to our understanding of SDH dysfunction. In Saccharomyces cerevisiae (yeast), succinate accumulation inhibits alpha-ketoglutarate-dependent dioxygenase enzymes leading to DNA demethylation. In the worm Caenorhabditis elegans, mutated SDH creates developmental abnormalities, metabolic rewiring, an energy deficit and oxygen hypersensitivity (the latter is also found in Drosophila melanogaster). In the zebrafish Danio rerio, sdhb mutants display a shorter lifespan with defective energy metabolism. Recently, SDHB-deficient pheochromocytoma has been cultivated in xenografts and has generated cell lines, which can be traced back to a heterozygous SDHB-deficient rat. We propose that a combination of such models can be efficiently and effectively used in both pathophysiological studies and drug-screening projects in order to find novel strategies in PPGL treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Zsolt Farkas
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Fanni Ősz
- Department of Biological Anthropology, Eötvös Loránd University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gordon W Stewart
- Division of Medicine, University College London, Gower Street, London, WC1E 6BT, UK
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Czegle I, Gray AL, Wang M, Liu Y, Wang J, Wappler-Guzzetta EA. Mitochondria and Their Relationship with Common Genetic Abnormalities in Hematologic Malignancies. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:1351. [PMID: 34947882 PMCID: PMC8707674 DOI: 10.3390/life11121351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 11/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hematologic malignancies are known to be associated with numerous cytogenetic and molecular genetic changes. In addition to morphology, immunophenotype, cytochemistry and clinical characteristics, these genetic alterations are typically required to diagnose myeloid, lymphoid, and plasma cell neoplasms. According to the current World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumors of Hematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues, numerous genetic changes are highlighted, often defining a distinct subtype of a disease, or providing prognostic information. This review highlights how these molecular changes can alter mitochondrial bioenergetics, cell death pathways, mitochondrial dynamics and potentially be related to mitochondrial genetic changes. A better understanding of these processes emphasizes potential novel therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibolya Czegle
- Department of Internal Medicine and Haematology, Semmelweis University, H-1085 Budapest, Hungary;
| | - Austin L. Gray
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Minjing Wang
- Independent Researcher, Diamond Bar, CA 91765, USA;
| | - Yan Liu
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Jun Wang
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
| | - Edina A. Wappler-Guzzetta
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Loma Linda University Health, Loma Linda, CA 92354, USA; (A.L.G.); (Y.L.); (J.W.)
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