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Liu Y, Xin Y, Lv T, Chang Z, Xue G, Shang X. Decorin impeded the advancement of thyroid papillary carcinoma by thwarting the EGFR/ FER/ SHP2 signaling-induced sustenance of early endosomes. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33358. [PMID: 39035505 PMCID: PMC11259844 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2024] [Revised: 06/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/19/2024] [Indexed: 07/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective This study explores the inhibition of papillary thyroid carcinoma proliferation by Decorin via the EGFR/SHP2/FER pathway. Method ology: Thirty-two pairs of papillary thyroid carcinoma tissues and adjacent normal tissues were collected for immunohistochemical analysis. Thyroid cancer cell lines with overexpressed or silenced Decorin were employed in subcutaneous tumor formation experiments in nude mice. Cell membrane proteins were extracted for Western blot and immunofluorescence analyses. Results Reduced Decorin expression in human papillary thyroid carcinoma was associated with inhibited formation of the EGFR/SHP2/FER complex. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed lower Decorin levels in carcinoma tissues compared to adjacent normal tissues, corroborated by decreased Decorin and PTEN levels in carcinoma as shown by Western Blot. Overexpression of Decorin in mouse models diminished tumor growth, an effect reversed by Decorin silencing and mitigated by FER inhibition. Decorin modulated Rab5-GTP and Rab7-GTP levels, impacting endosome transition and subsequent signaling pathways. Conclusion Decorin inhibits papillary thyroid carcinoma proliferation by disrupting the EGFR/SHP2/FER pathway and modulating endosomal transport.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaping Liu
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei North University.Medical Insurance Office, The Fourth Hospital of Hebei Medical University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Yunchao Xin
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Tianyun Lv
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Zhicheng Chang
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Gang Xue
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
| | - Xiaoling Shang
- Otorhinolaryngology, Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Hebei North University, Zhangjiakou, Hebei, China
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2
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Aljagthmi WA, Alasmari MA, Daghestani MH, Al-Kharashi LA, Al-Mohanna FH, Aboussekhra A. Decorin (DCN) Downregulation Activates Breast Stromal Fibroblasts and Promotes Their Pro-Carcinogenic Effects through the IL-6/STAT3/AUF1 Signaling. Cells 2024; 13:680. [PMID: 38667295 PMCID: PMC11049637 DOI: 10.3390/cells13080680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/08/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/27/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Decorin (DCN), a member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family, is secreted from stromal fibroblasts with non-cell-autonomous anti-breast-cancer effects. Therefore, in the present study, we sought to elucidate the function of decorin in breast stromal fibroblasts (BSFs). We first showed DCN downregulation in active cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) compared to their adjacent tumor counterpart fibroblasts at both the mRNA and protein levels. Interestingly, breast cancer cells and the recombinant IL-6 protein, both known to activate fibroblasts in vitro, downregulated DCN in BSFs. Moreover, specific DCN knockdown in breast fibroblasts modulated the expression/secretion of several CAF biomarkers and cancer-promoting proteins (α-SMA, FAP- α, SDF-1 and IL-6) and enhanced the invasion/proliferation abilities of these cells through activation of the STAT3/AUF1 signaling. Furthermore, DCN-deficient fibroblasts promoted the epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and stemness processes in BC cells in a paracrine manner, which increased their resistance to cisplatin. These DCN-deficient fibroblasts also enhanced angiogenesis and orthotopic tumor growth in mice in a paracrine manner. On the other hand, ectopic expression of DCN in CAFs suppressed their active features and their paracrine pro-carcinogenic effects. Together, the present findings indicate that endogenous DCN suppresses the pro-carcinogenic and pro-metastatic effects of breast stromal fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wafaa A. Aljagthmi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Manal A. Alasmari
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maha H. Daghestani
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Layla A. Al-Kharashi
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, King Saud University, Riyadh 11495, Saudi Arabia
| | - Falah H. Al-Mohanna
- Department of Comparative Medicine, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdelilah Aboussekhra
- Department of Molecular Oncology, King Faisal Specialist Hospital and Research Center, Riyadh 11211, Saudi Arabia
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3
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Behrooz AB, Cordani M, Donadelli M, Ghavami S. Metastatic outgrowth via the two-way interplay of autophagy and metabolism. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2024; 1870:166824. [PMID: 37949196 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2023.166824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023]
Abstract
Metastasis represents one of the most dangerous issue of cancer progression, characterized by intricate interactions between invading tumor cells, various proteins, and other cells on the way towards target sites. Tumor cells, while undergoing metastasis, engage in dynamic dialogues with stromal cells and undertake epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) phenoconversion. To ensure survival, tumor cells employ several strategies such as restructuring their metabolic needs to adapt to the alterations of the microenvironmental resources via different mechanisms including macroautophagy (autophagy) and to circumvent anoikis-a form of cell death induced upon detachment from the extracellular matrix (ECM). This review focuses on the puzzling connections of autophagy and energetic metabolism within the context of cancer metastasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amir Barzegar Behrooz
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Electrophysiology Research Center, Neuroscience Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Marco Cordani
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain; Instituto de Investigaciones Sanitarias San Carlos (IdISSC), Madrid, Spain
| | - Massimo Donadelli
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Section of Biochemistry, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Saeid Ghavami
- Department of Human Anatomy and Cell Science, University of Manitoba College of Medicine, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada; Academy of Silesia, Faculty of Medicine, Rolna 43 Street, 40-555 Katowice, Poland; Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, MB, Canada; Research Institute of Oncology and Hematology, Cancer Care Manitoba-University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada.
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4
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Collado J, Boland L, Ahrendsen JT, Miska J, Lee-Chang C. Understanding the glioblastoma tumor microenvironment: leveraging the extracellular matrix to increase immunotherapy efficacy. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1336476. [PMID: 38380331 PMCID: PMC10876826 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1336476] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2023] [Accepted: 01/24/2024] [Indexed: 02/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma (GBM) accounts for approximately half of all malignant brain tumors, and it remains lethal with a five-year survival of less than 10%. Despite the immense advancements in the field, it has managed to evade even the most promising therapeutics: immunotherapies. The main reason is the highly spatiotemporally heterogeneous and immunosuppressive GBM tumor microenvironment (TME). Accounting for this complex interplay of TME-driven immunosuppression is key to developing effective therapeutics. This review will explore the immunomodulatory role of the extracellular matrix (ECM) by establishing its contribution to the TME as a key mediator of immune responses in GBM. This relationship will help us elucidate therapeutic targets that can be leveraged to develop and deliver more effective immunotherapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jimena Collado
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Lauren Boland
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Department of Pediatrics, Ann and Robert H. Lurie Children's Hospital of Chicago, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jared T Ahrendsen
- Department of Pathology, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Jason Miska
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lurie Cancer Center, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
| | - Catalina Lee-Chang
- Department of Neurological Surgery, Feinberg School of Medicine, Northwestern University, Chicago, IL, United States
- Lurie Cancer Center, Lou and Jean Malnati Brain Tumor Institute, Chicago, IL, United States
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Qin Y, Xiong S, Ren J, Sethi G. Autophagy machinery in glioblastoma: The prospect of cell death crosstalk and drug resistance with bioinformatics analysis. Cancer Lett 2024; 580:216482. [PMID: 37977349 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2023.216482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2023] [Revised: 11/01/2023] [Accepted: 11/03/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Brain tumors are common malignancies with high mortality and morbidity in which glioblastoma (GB) is a grade IV astrocytoma with heterogeneous nature. The conventional therapeutics for the GB mainly include surgery and chemotherapy, however their efficacy has been compromised due to the aggressiveness of tumor cells. The dysregulation of cell death mechanisms, especially autophagy has been reported as a factor causing difficulties in cancer therapy. As a mechanism contributing to cell homeostasis, the autophagy process is hijacked by tumor cells for the purpose of aggravating cancer progression and drug resistance. The autophagy function is context-dependent and its role can be lethal or protective in cancer. The aim of the current paper is to highlight the role of autophagy in the regulation of GB progression. The cytotoxic function of autophagy can promote apoptosis and ferroptosis in GB cells and vice versa. Autophagy dysregulation can cause drug resistance and radioresistance in GB. Moreover, stemness can be regulated by autophagy and overall growth as well as metastasis are affected by autophagy. The various interventions including administration of synthetic/natural products and nanoplatforms can target autophagy. Therefore, autophagy can act as a promising target in GB therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Qin
- Department of Lab, Chifeng Cancer Hospital (The 2nd Afflicted Hospital of Chifeng University), Chifeng University, Chifeng City, Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, 024000, China.
| | - Shengjun Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Jun Ren
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, Zhongshan Hospital, Fudan University, Shanghai 200032, China
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, National University of Singapore, NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, 16 Medical Drive, Singapore, 117600, Singapore.
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Wang R, Deng Z, Zhu Z, Wang J, Yang X, Xu M, Wang X, Tang Q, Zhou Q, Wan X, Wu W, Wang S. Kaempferol promotes non-small cell lung cancer cell autophagy via restricting Met pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 121:155090. [PMID: 37738907 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2023.155090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 09/12/2023] [Indexed: 09/24/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Kaempferol is extracted from Hedyotis diffusa, exerting an obvious anti-cancer effect. Here in the present study, we explored the anti-cancer effects and mechanism of kaempferol in non-small cell lung cancer cell (NSCLC). PURPOSE Our objective is to figure out the molecular mechanism by which kaempferol promotes autophagy in NSCLC cells. STUDY DESIGN A549 and H1299 NSCLC cell lines were used for in vitro experiments. And BALB/c nude mice of NSCLC were used to perform in vivo experiments. METHODS For in vitro experiments, CCK-8 and EdU assay was used to observe the effect of kaempferol on NSCLC cell proliferation. Confocal microscopy of mCherry-EGFR-LC3 assay and electron microscopy assay were used to detect NSCLC cell autophagy. Protein expression was determined using Western blot, and mRNA expression was determined using qRT-PCR. Flow cytometry was performed to detect the cell apoptosis. For in vivo experiments, a subcutaneously implanted tumor model in BALB/C nude mice was performed using human NSCLC cell line A549-Luc. The kaempferol effect on NSCLC mice model was detected by measuring the tumor weight and bioluminescence intensity. Immunohistochemistry was done to measure the key protein expression from mice tumor tissues. RESULTS Our results confirmed that kaempferol inhibited NSCLC cell proliferation significantly. And it promoted NSCLC cell autophagy, leading to NSCLC cell death. Interestingly, Met-was greatly inhibited at both protein and mRNA levels. Meanwhile, PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway was inhibited accordingly. Furthermore, overexpressing Met-reversed the effect of kaempferol on NSCLC cell viability and cell autophagy with significance. Finally, the above effect and pathway were validated using the xenograft model. CONCLUSION Kaempferol may exert its anti-NSCLC effect by promoting NSCLC cell autophagy. Mechanistically, Met-and its downstream PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway were involved in the process, which provides a novel mechanism how kaempferol functions in inhibiting NSCLC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Zhiyin Deng
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Zhiming Zhu
- Department of Pharmacy, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Juanjuan Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xiaobing Yang
- Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Mengfei Xu
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xi Wang
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Qing Tang
- Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Qichun Zhou
- Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Xinliang Wan
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China
| | - Wanyin Wu
- Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
| | - Sumei Wang
- Clinical and Basic Research Team of TCM Prevention and Treatment of NSCLC, Department of Oncology, The Second Clinical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Chinese Medicine, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Research on Traditional Chinese Medicine Syndrome, State Key Laboratory of Dampness Syndrome of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510120, China.
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7
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Xie C, Schaefer L, Iozzo RV. Global impact of proteoglycan science on human diseases. iScience 2023; 26:108095. [PMID: 37867945 PMCID: PMC10589900 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2023.108095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2023] Open
Abstract
In this comprehensive review, we will dissect the impact of research on proteoglycans focusing on recent developments involved in their synthesis, degradation, and interactions, while critically assessing their usefulness in various biological processes. The emerging roles of proteoglycans in global infections, specifically the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic, and their rising functions in regenerative medicine and biomaterial science have significantly affected our current view of proteoglycans and related compounds. The roles of proteoglycans in cancer biology and their potential use as a next-generation protein-based adjuvant therapy to combat cancer is also emerging as a constructive and potentially beneficial therapeutic strategy. We will discuss the role of proteoglycans in selected and emerging areas of proteoglycan science, such as neurodegenerative diseases, autophagy, angiogenesis, cancer, infections and their impact on mammalian diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Liliana Schaefer
- Institute of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Goethe University, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology and Genomic Medicine, the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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8
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Park SY, Hwang BO, Song NY. The role of myokines in cancer: crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor. BMB Rep 2023; 56:365-373. [PMID: 37291054 PMCID: PMC10390289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 06/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a primary feature of sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. In cancer patients, tumor-derived inflammatory factors promote muscle atrophy via tumor-to-muscle effects, which is closely associated with poor prognosis. During the past decade, skeletal muscle has been considered to function as an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine organ by releasing numerous myokines. The circulating myokines can modulate pathophysiology in the other organs, as well as in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting myokines function as muscleto-tumor signaling molecules. Here, we highlight the roles of myokines in tumorigenesis, particularly in terms of crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor. Better understanding of tumor-to-muscle and muscle-to-tumor effects will shed light on novel strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(7): 365-373].
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Byeong-Oh Hwang
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
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Park SY, Hwang BO, Song NY. The role of myokines in cancer: crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor. BMB Rep 2023; 56:365-373. [PMID: 37291054 PMCID: PMC10390289 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2023-0064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Loss of skeletal muscle mass is a primary feature of sarcopenia and cancer cachexia. In cancer patients, tumor-derived inflammatory factors promote muscle atrophy via tumor-to-muscle effects, which is closely associated with poor prognosis. During the past decade, skeletal muscle has been considered to function as an autocrine, paracrine, and endocrine organ by releasing numerous myokines. The circulating myokines can modulate pathophysiology in the other organs, as well as in the tumor microenvironment, suggesting myokines function as muscleto-tumor signaling molecules. Here, we highlight the roles of myokines in tumorigenesis, particularly in terms of crosstalk between skeletal muscle and tumor. Better understanding of tumor-to-muscle and muscle-to-tumor effects will shed light on novel strategies for the diagnosis and treatment of cancer. [BMB Reports 2023; 56(7): 365-373].
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Affiliation(s)
- Se-Young Park
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Byeong-Oh Hwang
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
| | - Na-Young Song
- Department of Applied Life Science, The Graduate School, Yonsei University, Seoul 03722, Korea
- BK21 Four Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Department of Oral Biology, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
- Oral Cancer Research Institute, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03722, Korea
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10
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Chen J, Sun T, You Y, Lin B, Wu B, Wu J. Genome-wide identification of potential odontogenic genes involved in the dental epithelium-mesenchymal interaction during early odontogenesis. BMC Genomics 2023; 24:163. [PMID: 37013486 PMCID: PMC10069120 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-023-09140-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Epithelium-mesenchymal interactions are involved in odontogenic processes. Previous studies have focused on the intracellular signalling regulatory network in tooth development, but the functions of extracellular regulatory molecules have remained unclear. This study aims to explore the gene profile of extracellular proteoglycans and their glycosaminoglycan chains potentially involved in dental epithelium-mesenchymal interactions using high-throughput sequencing to provide new understanding of early odontogenesis. RESULTS Whole transcriptome profiles of the mouse dental epithelium and mesenchyme were investigated by RNA sequencing (RNA-seq). A total of 1,281 and 1,582 differentially expressed genes were identified between the dental epithelium and mesenchyme at E11.5 and E13.5, respectively. Enrichment analysis showed that extracellular regions and ECM-receptor interactions were significantly enriched at both E11.5 and E13.5. Polymerase chain reaction analysis confirmed that the extracellular proteoglycan family exhibited distinct changes during epithelium-mesenchymal interactions. Most proteoglycans showed higher transcript levels in the dental mesenchyme, whereas only a few were upregulated in the epithelium at both stages. In addition, 9 proteoglycans showed dynamic expression changes between these two tissue compartments. Gpc4, Sdc2, Spock2, Dcn and Lum were expressed at higher levels in the dental epithelium at E11.5, whereas their expression was significantly higher in the dental mesenchyme at E13.5, which coincides with the odontogenic potential shift. Moreover, the glycosaminoglycan biosynthetic enzymes Ext1, Hs3st1/5, Hs6st2/3, Ndst3 and Sulf1 also exhibited early upregulation in the epithelium but showed markedly higher expression in the mesenchyme after the odontogenic potential shift. CONCLUSION This study reveals the dynamic expression profile of extracellular proteoglycans and their biosynthetic enzymes during the dental epithelium-mesenchymal interaction. This study offers new insight into the roles of extracellular proteoglycans and their distinct sulfation underlying early odontogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawen Chen
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Tianyu Sun
- Department of Periodontology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China
| | - Yan You
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Binbin Lin
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China
| | - Buling Wu
- Department of Stomatology, Nanfang Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, Guangdong, China.
- School of Stomatology, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510515, China.
- Southern Medical University- Shenzhen Stomatology Hospital (Pingshan), ShenZhen, 518118, China.
| | - Jingyi Wu
- Center of Oral Implantology, Stomatological Hospital, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou, 510280, China.
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Liu X, Xiao X, Han X, Yao L, Lan W. Natural flavonoids alleviate glioblastoma multiforme by regulating long non-coding RNA. Biomed Pharmacother 2023; 161:114477. [PMID: 36931030 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is one of the most common primary malignant brain tumors in adults. Due to the poor prognosis of patients, the median survival time of GBM is often less than 1 year. Therefore, it is very necessary to find novel treatment options with a good prognosis for the treatment or prevention of GBM. In recent years, flavonoids are frequently used to treat cancer. It is a new attractive molecule that may achieve this promising treatment option. Flavonoids have been proved to have many biological functions, such as antioxidation, prevention of angiogenesis, anti-inflammation, inhibition of cancer cell proliferation, and protection of nerve cells. It has also shown the ability to regulate long non-coding RNA (LncRNA). Studies have confirmed that flavonoids can regulate epigenetic modification, transcription, and change microRNA (miRNA) expression of GBM through lncRNA at the gene level. It also found that flavonoids can induce apoptosis and autophagy of GBM cells by regulating lncRNA. Moreover, it can improve the metabolic abnormalities of GBM, interfere with the tumor microenvironment and related signaling pathways, and inhibit the angiogenesis of GBM cells. Eventually, flavonoids can block the tumor initiation, growth, proliferation, differentiation, invasion, and metastasis. In this review, we highlight the role of lncRNA in GBM cancer progression and the influence of flavonoids on lncRNA regulation. And emphasize their expected role in the prevention and treatment of GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian Liu
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Xinyu Xiao
- Dermatological Department, Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610015, China
| | - Xue Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Lan Yao
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China
| | - Wei Lan
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xinjiang Medical University, Urumqi 830017, China.
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12
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Huang K, Lin Y, Wang K, Shen J, Wei D. ARFIP2 Regulates EMT and Autophagy in Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Part Through the PI3K/Akt Signalling Pathway. J Hepatocell Carcinoma 2022; 9:1323-1339. [PMID: 36573219 PMCID: PMC9789708 DOI: 10.2147/jhc.s392056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 12/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose ARFIP2, a canonical BAR domain-containing protein, is closely associated with regulating cargo exit from the Golgi. However, the potential biological functions of ARFIP2 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) have not been well investigated. This study aimed to explore the critical role of ARFIP2 in HCC cells. Methods The expression of proteins related to epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT) and cell autophagy in HCC cells and tissues was assayed by quantitative real-time PCR, Western blotting, immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining. The ability of cells to proliferate, migrate and invade was detected by Cell Counting Kit-8, Transwell migration and invasion assays. In addition, the function of ARFIP2 in vivo was assessed using a tumour xenograft model. Results ARFIP2 expression is significantly upregulated in early recurrent and metastatic HCC patients and was positively correlated with a poor prognosis. ARFIP2 overexpression promoted cell proliferation, migration, and invasion by inducing EMT and inhibiting autophagy in vitro. Furthermore, the regulatory effects of ARFIP2 on autophagy and EMT were partially attributed to its regulation of the PI3K/AKT signalling pathway. The in vivo results also showed that ARFIP2 modulates HCC progression. Conclusion Our results substantiate a novel mechanism by which ARFIP2 can regulate the activity/phosphorylation of Akt to promote EMT and inhibit autophagy in part via the PI3K/Akt signalling pathway. The ARFIP2/PI3K/Akt axis may be a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target for HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaida Huang
- Department of Oncology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yubiao Lin
- Department of Oncology, Xiamen Haicang Hospital, Xiamen, People’s Republic of China
| | - Keyin Wang
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianfen Shen
- Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Dahai Wei
- Department of Infectious Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China,Department of Central Laboratory, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China,Institute of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Dahai Wei, Institute of Hepatology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiaxing University, Jiaxing, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-573-89975669, Email
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13
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Karagiorgou Z, Fountas PN, Manou D, Knutsen E, Theocharis AD. Proteoglycans Determine the Dynamic Landscape of EMT and Cancer Cell Stemness. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:5328. [PMID: 36358747 PMCID: PMC9653992 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14215328] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2022] [Revised: 10/23/2022] [Accepted: 10/25/2022] [Indexed: 03/15/2024] Open
Abstract
Proteoglycans (PGs) are pivotal components of extracellular matrices, involved in a variety of processes such as migration, invasion, morphogenesis, differentiation, drug resistance, and epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). Cellular plasticity is a crucial intermediate phenotypic state acquired by cancer cells, which can modulate EMT and the generation of cancer stem cells (CSCs). PGs affect cell plasticity, stemness, and EMT, altering the cellular shape and functions. PGs control these functions, either by direct activation of signaling cascades, acting as co-receptors, or through regulation of the availability of biological compounds such as growth factors and cytokines. Differential expression of microRNAs is also associated with the expression of PGs and their interplay is implicated in the fine tuning of cancer cell phenotype and potential. This review summarizes the involvement of PGs in the regulation of EMT and stemness of cancer cells and highlights the molecular mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zoi Karagiorgou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Panagiotis N. Fountas
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Dimitra Manou
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
| | - Erik Knutsen
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Health Sciences, UiT the Arctic University of Norway, 9010 Tromsø, Norway
- Centre for Clinical Research and Education, University Hospital of North Norway, 9038 Tromsø, Norway
| | - Achilleas D. Theocharis
- Biochemistry, Biochemical Analysis & Matrix Pathobiology Research Group, Laboratory of Biochemistry, Department of Chemistry, University of Patras, 26504 Patras, Greece
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14
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Xie C, Mondal DK, Ulas M, Neill T, Iozzo RV. Oncosuppressive roles of decorin through regulation of multiple receptors and diverse signaling pathways. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 322:C554-C566. [PMID: 35171698 PMCID: PMC8917911 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00016.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Decorin is a stromal-derived prototype member of the small leucine-rich proteoglycan gene family. In addition to its functions as a regulator of collagen fibrillogenesis and TGF-β activity soluble decorin acts as a pan-receptor tyrosine kinase (RTK) inhibitor. Decorin binds to various RTKs including EGFR HER2 HGFR/Met VEGFR2 TLR and IGFR. Although the molecular mechanism for the action of decorin on these receptors is not entirely elucidated overall decorin evokes transient activation of these receptors with suppression of downstream signaling cascades culminating in growth inhibition followed by their physical downregulation via caveosomal internalization and degradation. In the case of Met decorin leads to decreased β-catenin signaling pathway and growth suppression. As most of these RTKs are responsible for providing a growth advantage to cancer cells the result of decorin treatment is oncosuppression. Another decorin-driven mechanism to restrict cancer growth and dissemination is by impeding angiogenesis via vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 2 (VEGFR2) and the concurrent activation of protracted endothelial cell autophagy. In this review we will dissect the multiple roles of decorin in cancer biology and its potential use as a next-generation protein-based adjuvant therapy to combat cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Xie
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Dipon K. Mondal
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Mikdat Ulas
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Thomas Neill
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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15
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Tumor Cell Infiltration into the Brain in Glioblastoma: From Mechanisms to Clinical Perspectives. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14020443. [PMID: 35053605 PMCID: PMC8773542 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14020443] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma is the most common and malignant primary brain tumor, defined by its highly aggressive nature. Despite the advances in diagnostic and surgical techniques, and the development of novel therapies in the last decade, the prognosis for glioblastoma is still extremely poor. One major factor for the failure of existing therapeutic approaches is the highly invasive nature of glioblastomas. The extreme infiltrating capacity of tumor cells into the brain parenchyma makes complete surgical removal difficult; glioblastomas almost inevitably recur in a more therapy-resistant state, sometimes at distant sites in the brain. Therefore, there are major efforts to understand the molecular mechanisms underpinning glioblastoma invasion; however, there is no approved therapy directed against the invasive phenotype as of now. Here, we review the major molecular mechanisms of glioblastoma cell invasion, including the routes followed by glioblastoma cells, the interaction of tumor cells within the brain environment and the extracellular matrix components, and the roles of tumor cell adhesion and extracellular matrix remodeling. We also include a perspective of high-throughput approaches utilized to discover novel players for invasion and clinical targeting of invasive glioblastoma cells.
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Abstract
The extracellular matrix (ECM) exists as a dynamic network of biophysical and biochemical factors that maintain tissue homeostasis. Given its sensitivity to changes in the intra- and extracellular space, the plasticity of the ECM can be pathological in driving disease through aberrant matrix remodelling. In particular, cancer uses the matrix for its proliferation, angiogenesis, cellular reprogramming and metastatic spread. An emerging field of matrix biology focuses on proteoglycans that regulate autophagy, an intracellular process that plays both critical and contextual roles in cancer. Here, we review the most prominent autophagic modulators from the matrix and the current understanding of the cellular pathways and signalling cascades that mechanistically drive their autophagic function. We then critically assess how their autophagic functions influence tumorigenesis, emphasizing the complexities and stage-dependent nature of this relationship in cancer. We highlight novel emerging data on immunoglobulin-containing and proline-rich receptor-1, heparanase and thrombospondin 1 in autophagy and cancer. Finally, we further discuss the pro- and anti-autophagic modulators originating from the ECM, as well as how these proteoglycans and other matrix constituents specifically influence cancer progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn G. Chen
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
| | - Renato V. Iozzo
- Department of Pathology, Anatomy and Cell Biology and the Translational Cellular Oncology Program, Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Sidney Kimmel Medical College at Thomas Jefferson University, Philadelphia, PA 19107, USA
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Effects of Cynaroside on Cell Proliferation, Apoptosis, Migration and Invasion though the MET/AKT/mTOR Axis in Gastric Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222212125. [PMID: 34830011 PMCID: PMC8618935 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222212125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2021] [Revised: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The Chinese medicine monomer cynaroside (Cy) is a flavonoid glycoside compound that widely exists in plants and has a variety of pharmacological effects, such as its important role in the respiratory system, cardiovascular system and central nervous system. Studies have reported that Cy has varying degrees of anticancer activity in non-small cell lung cancer, cervical cancer, liver cancer, esophageal cancer and other cancers. However, there are no relevant reports about its role in gastric cancer. The MET/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway plays important roles in regulating various biological processes, including cell proliferation, apoptosis, autophagy, invasion and tumorigenesis. In this study, we confirmed that Cy can inhibit the cell growth, migration and invasion and tumorigenesis in gastric cancer. Our finding shows that Cy can block the MET/AKT/mTOR axis by decreasing the phosphorylation level of AKT, mTOR and P70S6K. Therefore, the MET/AKT/mTOR axis may be an important target for Cy. In summary, Cy has anti-cancer properties and is expected to be a potential drug for the treatment of gastric cancer.
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