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Chen MS, Chong ZY, Huang C, Huang HC, Su PH, Chen JC. Lidocaine attenuates TMZ resistance and inhibits cell migration by modulating the MET pathway in glioblastoma cells. Oncol Rep 2024; 51:72. [PMID: 38606513 PMCID: PMC11024889 DOI: 10.3892/or.2024.8731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2023] [Accepted: 03/05/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is the most aggressive type of malignant brain tumor. Currently, the predominant clinical treatment is the combination of surgical resection with concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy, using temozolomide (TMZ) as the primary chemotherapy drug. Lidocaine, a widely used amide‑based local anesthetic, has been found to have a significant anticancer effect. It has been reported that aberrant hepatocyte growth factor (HGF)/mesenchymal‑epithelial transition factor (MET) signaling plays a role in the progression of brain tumors. However, it remains unclear whether lidocaine can regulate the MET pathway in GBM. In the present study, the clinical importance of the HGF/MET pathway was analyzed using bioinformatics. By establishing TMZ‑resistant cell lines, the impact of combined treatment with lidocaine and TMZ was investigated. Additionally, the effects of lidocaine on cellular function were also examined and confirmed using knockdown techniques. The current findings revealed that the HGF/MET pathway played a key role in brain cancer, and its activation in GBM was associated with increased malignancy and poorer patient outcomes. Elevated HGF levels and activation of its receptor were found to be associated with TMZ resistance in GBM cells. Lidocaine effectively suppressed the HGF/MET pathway, thereby restoring TMZ sensitivity in TMZ‑resistant cells. Furthermore, lidocaine also inhibited cell migration. Overall, these results indicated that inhibiting the HGF/MET pathway using lidocaine can enhance the sensitivity of GBM cells to TMZ and reduce cell migration, providing a potential basis for developing novel therapeutic strategies for GBM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming-Shan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, Ditmanson Medical Foundation Chia-Yi Christian Hospital, Chiayi 60002, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Department of Medical Laboratory Science and Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung 41354, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Zhi-Yong Chong
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Cheng Huang
- Department of Biotechnology and Laboratory Science in Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei 11221, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Hsiu-Chen Huang
- Department of Applied Science, National Tsing Hua University South Campus, Hsinchu 30014, Taiwan, R.O.C
- Center for Teacher Education, National Tsing Hua University, Hsinchu 300044, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Pin-Hsuan Su
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan, R.O.C
| | - Jui-Chieh Chen
- Department of Biochemical Science and Technology, National Chiayi University, Chiayi 600355, Taiwan, R.O.C
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Swanton C, Bernard E, Abbosh C, André F, Auwerx J, Balmain A, Bar-Sagi D, Bernards R, Bullman S, DeGregori J, Elliott C, Erez A, Evan G, Febbraio MA, Hidalgo A, Jamal-Hanjani M, Joyce JA, Kaiser M, Lamia K, Locasale JW, Loi S, Malanchi I, Merad M, Musgrave K, Patel KJ, Quezada S, Wargo JA, Weeraratna A, White E, Winkler F, Wood JN, Vousden KH, Hanahan D. Embracing cancer complexity: Hallmarks of systemic disease. Cell 2024; 187:1589-1616. [PMID: 38552609 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2024.02.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/25/2023] [Revised: 01/25/2024] [Accepted: 02/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/02/2024]
Abstract
The last 50 years have witnessed extraordinary developments in understanding mechanisms of carcinogenesis, synthesized as the hallmarks of cancer. Despite this logical framework, our understanding of the molecular basis of systemic manifestations and the underlying causes of cancer-related death remains incomplete. Looking forward, elucidating how tumors interact with distant organs and how multifaceted environmental and physiological parameters impinge on tumors and their hosts will be crucial for advances in preventing and more effectively treating human cancers. In this perspective, we discuss complexities of cancer as a systemic disease, including tumor initiation and promotion, tumor micro- and immune macro-environments, aging, metabolism and obesity, cancer cachexia, circadian rhythms, nervous system interactions, tumor-related thrombosis, and the microbiome. Model systems incorporating human genetic variation will be essential to decipher the mechanistic basis of these phenomena and unravel gene-environment interactions, providing a modern synthesis of molecular oncology that is primed to prevent cancers and improve patient quality of life and cancer outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Charles Swanton
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK.
| | - Elsa Bernard
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France
| | | | - Fabrice André
- INSERM U981, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Department of Medical Oncology, Gustave Roussy, Villejuif, France; Paris Saclay University, Kremlin-Bicetre, France
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, Ecole Polytechnique Federale de Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Allan Balmain
- UCSF Helen Diller Family Comprehensive Cancer Center, San Francisco, CA, USA
| | | | - René Bernards
- Division of Molecular Carcinogenesis, Oncode Institute, the Netherlands Cancer Institute, Amsterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Susan Bullman
- Human Biology Division, Fred Hutchinson Cancer Center, Seattle, WA, USA
| | - James DeGregori
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Genetics, University of Colorado Anschutz Medical Campus, Aurora, CO, USA
| | | | - Ayelet Erez
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Gerard Evan
- The Francis Crick Institute, London, UK; Kings College London, London, UK
| | - Mark A Febbraio
- Drug Discovery Biology, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | - Andrés Hidalgo
- Department of Immunobiology, Yale University, New Haven, CT 06519, USA; Area of Cardiovascular Regeneration, Centro Nacional de Investigaciones Cardiovasculares, 28029 Madrid, Spain
| | - Mariam Jamal-Hanjani
- Cancer Research UK Lung Cancer Centre of Excellence, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Johanna A Joyce
- Department of Oncology, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, University of Lausanne, Lausanne, Switzerland
| | | | - Katja Lamia
- Department of Molecular Medicine, Scripps Research Institute, La Jolla, CA, USA
| | - Jason W Locasale
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University, Durham, NC, USA; Department of Molecular and Structural Biochemistry, North Carolina State University, Raleigh, NC, USA
| | - Sherene Loi
- Division of Cancer Research, Peter MacCallum Cancer Centre, Melbourne, VIC, Australia; The Sir Department of Medical Oncology, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, VIC, Australia
| | | | - Miriam Merad
- Department of immunology and immunotherapy, Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kathryn Musgrave
- Translational and Clinical Research Institute, Newcastle University, Newcastle, UK; Department of Haematology, The Newcastle upon Tyne Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - Ketan J Patel
- MRC Weatherall Institute of Molecular Medicine, University of Oxford, John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - Sergio Quezada
- Cancer Immunology Unit, Research Department of Haematology, University College London Cancer Institute, London, UK
| | - Jennifer A Wargo
- Department of Surgical Oncology, Department of Genomic Medicine, The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Ashani Weeraratna
- Sidney Kimmel Cancer Center, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Eileen White
- Rutgers Cancer Institute of New Jersey, New Brunswick, NJ, USA; Ludwig Princeton Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Princeton, NJ, USA
| | - Frank Winkler
- Neurology Clinic and National Center for Tumor Diseases, University Hospital Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany; Clinical Cooperation Unit Neuro-oncology, German Cancer Consortium (DKTK), German Cancer Research Center (DKFZ), Heidelberg, Germany
| | - John N Wood
- Molecular Nociception Group, WIBR, University College London, London, UK
| | | | - Douglas Hanahan
- Lausanne Branch, Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Lausanne, Switzerland; Swiss institute for Experimental Cancer Research (ISREC), EPFL, Lausanne, Switzerland; Agora Translational Cancer Research Center, Lausanne, Switzerland.
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Brackenbury WJ, Palmieri C. Blocking channels to metastasis: targeting sodium transport in breast cancer. Breast Cancer Res 2023; 25:140. [PMID: 37950273 PMCID: PMC10638823 DOI: 10.1186/s13058-023-01741-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/12/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of therapies that can suppress invasion and prevent metastasis, 'anti-metastatic drugs', is an important area of unmet therapeutic need. The new results of a recent open-label, multicentre randomised trial published in J Clin Oncol showed a significant disease-free survival (DFS) benefit for breast cancer patients receiving presurgical, peritumoral injection of lidocaine, an amide local anaesthetic, which blocks voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs). VGSCs are expressed on electrically excitable cells, including neurons and cardiomyocytes, where they sustain rapid membrane depolarisation during action potential firing. As a result of this key biophysical function, VGSCs are important drug targets for excitability-related disorders, including epilepsy, neuropathic pain, affective disorders and cardiac arrhythmia. A growing body of preclinical evidence highlights VGSCs as key protagonists in regulating altered sodium influx in breast cancer cells, thus driving invasion and metastasis. Furthermore, prescription of certain VGSC-inhibiting medications has been associated with reduced cancer incidence and improved survival in several observational studies. Thus, VGSC-inhibiting drugs already in clinical use may be ideal candidates for repurposing as possible anti-metastatic therapies. While these results are promising, further work is required to establish whether other VGSC inhibitors may afford superior metastasis suppression. Finally, increasing preclinical evidence suggests that several other ion channels are also key drivers of cancer hallmarks; thus, there are undoubtedly further opportunities to harness ion transport inhibition that should also be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- William J Brackenbury
- Department of Biology, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
- York Biomedical Research Institute, University of York, Wentworth Way, Heslington, York, YO10 5DD, UK.
| | - Carlo Palmieri
- Institute of Systems, Molecular and Integrative Biology, Molecular and Clinical Cancer Medicine, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- The Clatterbridge Cancer Centre NHS Foundation Trust, Liverpool, UK
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Lai Y, Chen Q, Xiang C, Li G, Wei K. Comparison of the Effects of Dexmedetomidine and Lidocaine on Stress Response and Postoperative Delirium of Older Patients Undergoing Thoracoscopic Surgery: A Randomized Controlled Trial. Clin Interv Aging 2023; 18:1275-1283. [PMID: 37554513 PMCID: PMC10405814 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s419835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose We investigated the effects of intraoperative intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion on inflammatory factors and cognitive function in patients undergoing thoracoscopic surgery. Patients and Methods Patients aged >65 years undergoing elective thoracoscopic lobectomy or segmentectomy were randomly grouped as dexmedetomidine group (group D), lidocaine group (group L), and control group (group C). The plasma cortisol, interleukin-6, and tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were measured before anesthesia (T0) and immediately (T1), 24 h (T2), and 48 h postoperatively (T3). Postoperative delirium (POD) was assessed by 3D-CAM on days 2 and 7. Results The cortisol concentrations decreased for all groups at T1 from T0 although they were significantly higher at T2. Group L had significantly lower interleukin-6 concentrations at T1 and T2 than the other groups (P<0.05). The interleukin-6 concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups, significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), and significantly lower for group L than for group D at T2 (P<0.05). The tumor necrosis factor-α concentrations were significantly higher at T1, T2, and T3 than at T0 for all the groups and significantly lower for groups D and L than for group C at T1 and T2 (P<0.05), although they were not statistically significantly different for groups D and L. There were no statistically significant differences in the postoperative incidence of POD between the three groups on days 2 and day 7. Conclusion Intraoperative continuous intravenous lidocaine or dexmedetomidine infusion reduced surgical stress and inflammatory responses. The inhibitory effect of lidocaine on surgical stress remained significant for up to 24 h postoperatively without affecting patient awakening. However, the administration of either drug failed to prevent postoperative POD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Lai
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated People’s Hospital of Chongqing Three Gorges Medical College, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qi Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Anesthesiology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunfang Xiang
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Chongqing University Three Gorges Hospital, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guanzhu Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, Guangdong Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The Second affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ke Wei
- Department of Anesthesiology, First Clinical College of Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, People’s Republic of China
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Castro I, Carvalho P, Vale N, Monjardino T, Mourão J. Systemic Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Intravenous Lidocaine in Surgical Patients: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12113772. [PMID: 37297968 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12113772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/12/2023] Open
Abstract
There has recently been increasing evidence that the use of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion possesses analgesic, opioid-sparing and anti-inflammatory effects in surgical patients. Although opioid-sparing and analgesic properties have been strongly supported, the anti-inflammatory features are not well established in elective surgery. Therefore, the aim of this systematic review is to examine the effect of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion on postoperative anti-inflammatory status in patients undergoing elective surgery. A search strategy was created to identify suitable randomised clinical trials (RCTs) in PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science and Clinicaltrials.gov databases until January 2023. RCTs that evaluated the effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion, compared with placebo, on adult patients who underwent elective surgery, in inflammatory markers response were included. Exclusion criteria consisted of paediatric patients, animal studies, non-RCT methodology, intervention without intravenous lidocaine, inadequate control group, duplicated samples, ongoing studies and lack of any relevant clinical outcome measures. The following inflammatory markers-interleukin (IL)-6, tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-10, C-reactive protein (CRP), IL-1, IL-1β, interferon (IFN)-γ, cortisol, IL-4, IL-17, high-mobility group protein B1 (HMGB1) and transforming growth factor (TGF)-β-were evaluated as outcomes in this review. A total of 21 studies, including 1254 patients, were identified. Intravenous lidocaine infusion significantly reduced the change from IL-6 baseline levels at the end of surgery compared to a placebo (standardised mean difference [SMD]: -0.647, 95% confidence interval [CI]: -1.034 to -0.260). Usage of lidocaine was associated with a significant reduction in other postoperative pro-inflammatory markers, such as TNF-α, IL-1RA, IL-8, IL-17, HMGB-1 and CRP. There was no significant difference in other markers, such as IL-10, IL-1β, IL-1, IFN-γ, IL-4, TGF-β and cortisol. This systematic review and meta-analysis provide support for the administration of perioperative intravenous lidocaine infusion as an anti-inflammatory strategy in elective surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Irene Castro
- Department of Anesthesiology and Intensive Care Medicine, Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto (IPO-Porto), 4200-072 Porto , Portugal
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Pedro Carvalho
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
| | - Nuno Vale
- OncoPharma Research Group, Center for Health Technology and Services Research (CINTESIS), Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Community Medicine, Health Information and Decision (MEDCIDS), Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
| | - Teresa Monjardino
- Cancer Epidemiology Group, Centro de Investigação do Instituto Português de Oncologia do Porto (CI-IPOP), 4200-072 Porto, Portugal
| | - Joana Mourão
- CINTESIS@RISE, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Department of Anesthesiology, Centro Hospitalar Universitário de São João, Alameda Professor Hernâni Monteiro, 4200-319 Porto, Portugal
- Surgery and Physiology Department, Faculty of Medicine, University of Porto, Rua Doutor Plácido da Costa, 4200-450 Porto, Portugal
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Alexa AL, Jurj A, Tomuleasa C, Tigu AB, Hategan RM, Ionescu D. The Effect of Different Anesthetic Techniques on Proliferation, Apoptosis, and Gene Expression in Colon Cancer Cells: A Pilot In Vitro Study. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:738-751. [PMID: 36661535 PMCID: PMC9857142 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45010049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/07/2023] [Accepted: 01/10/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Colorectal cancer is highly common and causes high mortality rates. Treatment for colorectal cancer is multidisciplinary, but in most cases the main option remains surgery. Intriguingly, in recent years, a number of studies have shown that a patient's postoperative outcome may be influenced by certain anesthetic drugs. Our main objective was to compare the effect of propofol-total intravenous anesthesia (TIVA) with sevoflurane anesthesia and to investigate the potential role of intravenous lidocaine on colon cancer cell functions. We tested the effects of serum from colorectal cancer patients undergoing TIVA vs. sevoflurane anesthesia with or without lidocaine on HCT 116 cell lines; on proliferation, apoptosis, migration, and cell cycles; and on cancer-related gene expressions. METHODS 60 patients who were scheduled for colorectal cancer surgery were randomized into four different groups (two groups with TIVA and two groups with sevoflurane anesthesia with or without intravenous lidocaine). Blood samples were collected at the start and at the end of surgery. HCT 116 cells were exposed to the patients' serum. RESULTS 15 patients were included in each of the study groups. We did not find any significant difference on cell viability or apoptosis between the study groups. However, there was an increased apoptosis in propofol groups, but this result was not statistically significant. A significant increase in the expression profile of the TP53 gene in the propofol group was registered (p = 0.029), while in the other study groups, no significant differences were reported. BCL2 and CASP3 expressions increased in the sevoflurane-lidocaine group without statistical significance. CONCLUSIONS In our study, serum from patients receiving different anesthetic techniques did not significantly influence the apoptosis, migration, and cell cycle of HCT-116 colorectal carcinoma cells. Viability was also not significantly influenced by the anesthetic technique, except the sevoflurane-lidocaine group where it was increased. The gene expression of TP53 was significantly increased in the propofol group, which is consistent with the results of similar in vitro studies and may be one of the mechanisms by which anesthetic agents may influence the biology of cancer cells. Further studies that investigate the effects of propofol and lidocaine in different plasma concentrations on different colon cancer cell lines and assess the impacts of these findings on the clinical outcome are much needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandru Leonard Alexa
- 1st Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor”, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Association in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Correspondence:
| | - Ancuta Jurj
- The Research Center for Functional Genomics, Biomedicine and Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Ciprian Tomuleasa
- Department of Hematology, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Hematology, Ion Chiricuta Clinical Cancer Center, 400015 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine—MedFUTURE, Department of Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Adrian Bogdan Tigu
- Research Center for Advanced Medicine—MedFUTURE, Department of Translational Medicine, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Raluca-Miorita Hategan
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor”, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| | - Daniela Ionescu
- 1st Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, 400347 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Department of Anesthesia and Intensive Care, The Regional Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, “Prof. Dr. Octavian Fodor”, 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Research Association in Anesthesia and Intensive Care (ACATI), 400394 Cluj-Napoca, Romania
- Outcome Research Consortium, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
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Apoptosis, Proliferation, and Autophagy Are Involved in Local Anesthetic-Induced Cytotoxicity of Human Breast Cancer Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232415455. [PMID: 36555096 PMCID: PMC9779437 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415455] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/05/2022] [Accepted: 12/05/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Breast cancer accounts for almost one quarter of all female cancers worldwide, and more than 90% of those who are diagnosed with breast cancer undergo mastectomy or breast conservation surgery. Local anesthetics effectively inhibit the invasion of cancer cells at concentrations that are used in surgical procedures. The limited treatment options for triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) demonstrate unmet clinical needs. In this study, four local anesthetics, lidocaine, levobupivacaine, bupivacaine, and ropivacaine, were applied to two breast tumor cell types, TNBC MDA-MB-231 cells and triple-positive breast cancer BT-474 cells. In addition to the induction of apoptosis and the suppression of the cellular proliferation rate, the four local anesthetics decreased the levels of reactive oxygen species and increased the autophagy elongation indicator in both cell types. Our combination index analysis with doxorubicin showed that ropivacaine had a synergistic effect on the two cell types, and lidocaine had a synergistic effect only in MDA-MB-231 cells; the others had no synergistic effects on doxorubicin. Lidocaine contributed significantly to the formation of autophagolysosomes in a dose-dependent manner in MDA-MB-231 cells but not in BT-474 cells. Our study demonstrated that the four local anesthetics can reduce tumor growth and proliferation and promote apoptosis and autophagy.
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Tian C, Wang Z, Huang L, Liu Y, Wu K, Li Z, Han B, Jiao D, Han X, Zhao Y. One-step fabrication of lidocaine/CalliSpheres ® composites for painless transcatheter arterial embolization. Lab Invest 2022; 20:463. [PMID: 36221084 PMCID: PMC9552470 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03653-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Transcatheter arterial embolization (TAE) is one of the first-line treatments for advanced hepatocellular cancer. The pain caused by TAE is a stark complication, which remains to be prevented by biomedical engineering methods. METHODS Herein, a commercial embolic agent CalliSpheres® bead (CB) was functionally modified with lidocaine (Lid) using an electrostatic self-assembly technique. The products were coded as CB/Lid-n (n = 0, 5, 10, corresponding to the relative content of Lid). The chemical compositions, morphology, drug-loading, and drug-releasing ability of CB/Lid-n were comprehensively investigated. The biocompatibility was determined by hemolysis assay, live/dead cell staining assay, CCK8 assay, immunofluorescence (IHC) staining assay and quantitative real-time PCR. The thermal withdrawal latency (TWL) and edema ratio (ER) were performed to evaluate the analgesia of CB/Lid-n using a plantar inflammation model. A series of histological staining, including immunohistochemistry (IL-6, IL-10, TGF-β and Navi1.7) and TUNEL were conducted to reveal the underlying mechanism of anti-tumor effect of CB/Lid-n on a VX2-tumor bearing model. RESULTS Lid was successfully loaded onto the surface of CalliSpheres® bead, and the average diameter of CalliSpheres® bead increased along with the dosage of Lid. CB/Lid-n exhibited desirable drug-loading ratio, drug-embedding ratio, and sustained drug-release capability. CB/Lid-n had mild toxicity towards L929 cells, while triggered no obvious hemolysis. Furthermore, CB/Lid-n could improve the carrageenan-induced inflammation response micro-environment in vivo and in vitro. We found that CB/Lid-10 could selectively kill tumor by blocking blood supply, inhibiting cell proliferation, and promoting cell apoptosis. CB/Lid-10 could also release Lid to relieve post-operative pain, mainly by remodeling the harsh inflammation micro-environment (IME). CONCLUSIONS In summary, CB/Lid-10 has relatively good biocompatibility and bioactivity, and it can serve as a promising candidate for painless transcatheter arterial embolization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuan Tian
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zijian Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Department of Plastic Surgery, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, 430071, China
| | - Yimin Liu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Kunpeng Wu
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Zhaonan Li
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Bin Han
- Department of Radiotherapy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Dechao Jiao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China
| | - Xinwei Han
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
| | - Yanan Zhao
- Department of Interventional Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450052, China.
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Advances in the Application of Nanomaterials to the Treatment of Melanoma. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14102090. [PMID: 36297527 PMCID: PMC9610396 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14102090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2022] [Revised: 09/25/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Melanoma can be divided into cutaneous melanoma, uveal melanoma, mucosal melanoma, etc. It is a very aggressive tumor that is prone to metastasis. Patients with metastatic melanoma have a poor prognosis and shorter survival. Although current melanoma treatments have been dramatically improved, there are still many problems such as systemic toxicity and the off-target effects of drugs. The use of nanoparticles may overcome some inadequacies of current melanoma treatments. In this review, we summarize the limitations of current therapies for cutaneous melanoma, uveal melanoma, and mucosal melanoma, as well as the adjunct role of nanoparticles in different treatment modalities. We suggest that nanomaterials may have an effective intervention in melanoma treatment in the future.
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10
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Yang Y, Sun J, Peng F, Liu H, Zhao G, Chen J, Zhang W, Qiu F. Enhanced Antitumor Activity of Lidocaine Nanoparticles Encapsulated by a Self-Assembling Peptide. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:770892. [PMID: 35529446 PMCID: PMC9068872 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.770892] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Although local anesthetics (LAs) such as lidocaine have been traditionally used for pain relief, their antitumor activity has attracted more and more attentions in recent years. However, since nearly all LAs used in clinic are in their hydrochloride forms with small molecular weight and high water-solubility, their fast absorption and clearance greatly limit their antitumor activity in vivo. To better exploit the antitumor activity of LAs, lidocaine nanoparticles (LNPs) are prepared by using a self-assembling peptide to encapsulate the hydrophobic base form of lidocaine. In cultured A375 human melanoma cells, the LNPs show much higher cellular uptake level than the clinic formulation of lidocaine hydrochloride, which leads to enhanced efficacy in inhibiting the proliferation, migration and invasion of the cells, as well as in inducing cell apoptosis. Compared with lidocaine hydrochloride, LNPs can also significantly slow down the release rate of lidocaine. In nude mice, LNPs can effectively inhibit the development of solid tumors from seeded A375 cells and prevent the recurrence of tumors after surgical excision. These results indicate that by using self-assembling peptide to fabricate nanoparticle formulations of local anesthetics, their antitumor activity can be significantly enhanced, suggesting a potential postoperative treatment to prevent tumor recurrence after surgical excision.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Jiaxiao Sun
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Fei Peng
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Haibei Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guoyan Zhao
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Junjie Chen
- Department of Burn and Plastic Surgery, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Wensheng Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wensheng Zhang, ; Feng Qiu,
| | - Feng Qiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- Laboratory of Anesthesia and Critical Care Medicine, National-Local Joint Engineering Research Centre of Translational Medicine of Anesthesiology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Wensheng Zhang, ; Feng Qiu,
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11
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Chamaraux-Tran TN, Muller M, Pottecher J, Diemunsch PA, Tomasetto C, Namer IJ, Dali-Youcef N. Metabolomic Impact of Lidocaine on a Triple Negative Breast Cancer Cell Line. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:821779. [PMID: 35273500 PMCID: PMC8902240 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.821779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Metabolomics and onco-anesthesia are two emerging research fields in oncology. Metabolomics (metabolites analysis) is a new diagnostic and prognostic tool that can also be used for predicting the therapeutic or toxic responses to anticancer treatments. Onco-anesthesia studies assess the impact of anesthesia on disease-free and overall survival after cancer surgery. It has been shown that local anesthetics (LA), particularly lidocaine (LIDO), exert antitumor properties both in vitro and in vivo and may alter the biologic fingerprints of cancer cells. As LA are known to impair mitochondrial bioenergetics and byproducts, the aim of the present study was to assess the impact of LIDO on metabolomic profile of a breast cancer cell line. Methods: Breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells were exposed for 4 h to 0.5 mM LIDO or vehicle (n = 4). The metabolomic fingerprint was characterized by high resolution magic angle spinning NMR spectroscopy (HRMAS). The multivariate technique using the Algorithm to Determine Expected Metabolite Level Alteration (ADEMA) (Cicek et al., PLoS Comput. Biol., 2013, 9, e1002859), based on mutual information to identify expected metabolite level changes with respect to a specific condition, was used to determine the metabolites variations caused by LIDO. Results: LIDO modulates cell metabolites levels. Several pathways, including glutaminolysis, choline, phosphocholine and total choline syntheses were significantly downregulated in the LIDO group. Discussion: This is the first study assessing the impact of LIDO on metabolomic fingerprint of breast cancer cells. Among pathways downregulated by LIDO, many metabolites are reported to be associated with adverse prognosis when present at a high titer in breast cancer patients. These results fit with the antitumor properties of LIDO and suggest its impact on metabolomics profile of cancer cells. These effects of LIDO are of clinical significance because it is widely used for local anesthesia with cutaneous infiltration during percutaneous tumor biopsy. Future in vitro and preclinical studies are necessary to assess whether metabolomics analysis requires modification of local anesthetic techniques during tumor biopsy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thiên-Nga Chamaraux-Tran
- Service d'anesthésie-réanimation et Médecine Périopératoire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,ER 3072, Mitochondrie Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France
| | - Marie Muller
- Service d'anesthésie-réanimation et Médecine Périopératoire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Julien Pottecher
- Service d'anesthésie-réanimation et Médecine Périopératoire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,ER 3072, Mitochondrie Stress Oxydant et Protection Musculaire, Faculté de Médecine, Fédération de Médecine Translationnelle de Strasbourg (FMTS), Strasbourg, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France
| | - Pierre A Diemunsch
- Service d'anesthésie-réanimation et Médecine Périopératoire, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France
| | - Catherine Tomasetto
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France
| | - Izzie-Jacques Namer
- Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France.,MNMS-Platform, Hôpital de Hautepierre, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Strasbourg, France.,Service de Médecine Nucléaire et d'Imagerie Moléculaire, Institut de Cancérologie Strasbourg Europe, Strasbourg, France.,ICube, Université de Strasbourg/CNRS, UMR 7357, Strasbourg, France
| | - Nassim Dali-Youcef
- Institut de Génétique et de Biologie Moléculaire et Cellulaire Illkirch, Illkirch, France.,Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique, UMR 7104, Illkirch, France.,Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale, U1258, Illkirch, France.,Université de Strasbourg, Faculté de Médecine, Strasbourg, France.,Laboratoire de Biochimie et Biologie Moléculaire, Pôle de Biologie, Hôpitaux Universitaires de Strasbourg, Nouvel Hôpital Civil, 1 Place de l'hôpital, Strasbourg, France
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12
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Wei Q, Xia M, Zhang Q, Wang Z. Effect of intravenous lidocaine infusion on perioperative cellular immunity and the quality of postoperative recovery in breast cancer patients: a randomized controlled trial. Gland Surg 2022; 11:599-610. [PMID: 35402204 PMCID: PMC8984984 DOI: 10.21037/gs-22-134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Breast cancer has become the most common malignancy worldwide. Experimental and, retrospective, clinical data indicate that anaesthetic technique might influence the risk of metastasis after cancer surgery by modulating the immune system. The purpose of this study is to investigate the effect of perioperative lidocaine injection on immune cells such as T lymphocytes and natural killer cells (NK cells) and the quality of postoperative recovery in breast cancer patients and to propose new ideas and relevant theoretical evidence for the selection of anesthetic protocols for perioperative tumor patients. METHODS Women (n=68) undergoing primary breast tumour resection were randomly assigned to received 2% lidocaine (n=34; group L) or placebo (normal saline; n=34; group S). Venous blood was collected thirty minutes before surgery (T0), after tumor removal (T1), immediately after surgery (T2), 24 h after surgery (T3), and 48 h after surgery (T4). The percentages of NK cells and T lymphocyte subsets (CD3+, CD4+, CD8+, CD4+/CD8+) in peripheral blood were detected by flow cytometry. Patients' quality of recovery-15 (QoR-15) scores were recorded by questionnaire before and 24 h after the operation, as well as intraoperative propofol and remifentanil dosages, the frequency of 24 h postoperative remedial analgesia, and the incidence of nausea and vomiting, dizziness, and chest tightness. RESULTS There were 62 patients included in the study, and 60 patients were finally analyzed. The difference in the changing trend of NK cell levels in the 2 groups over time was statistically significant (F=7.675, P=0.008). The intraoperative changing trends of CD3+ T cells, CD4+ T cells, and the CD4+/CD8+ ratio over time differed significantly between the 2 groups of patients (P<0.05), whereas the trends of CD8+ T cells did not differ significantly (P>0.05). The QoR-15 score at 24 h after surgery was higher in Group L (128.50±20.25) than in Group S (117.50±19.50), and the difference was statistically significant (P=0.005). No adverse events such as cardiac arrhythmia and lidocaine toxicity occurred in both groups during the perioperative period. CONCLUSIONS Continuous intravenous pumping of lidocaine during the perioperative period has little effect on immune function in breast cancer patients and promotes postoperative recovery. TRIAL REGISTRATION Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ChiCTR2100050445.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qingfeng Wei
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Ming Xia
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Qin Zhang
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
| | - Zhiping Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, the Affiliated Hospital of Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou, China
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13
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Jing Y, Zhang Y, Pan R, Ding K, Chen R, Meng Q. Effect of Inhalation Anesthetics on Tumor Metastasis. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2022; 21:15330338221121092. [PMID: 36131554 PMCID: PMC9502254 DOI: 10.1177/15330338221121092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Many factors affect the prognosis of patients undergoing tumor surgery, and anesthesia is one of the potential influencing factors. In general anesthesia, inhalation anesthesia is widely used in the clinic because of its strong curative effect and high controllability. However, the effect of inhalation anesthetics on the tumor is still controversial. More and more research has proved that inhalation anesthetics can intervene in local recurrence and distant metastasis of tumor by acting on tumor biological behavior, immune response, and gene regulation. In this paper, we reviewed the research progress of diverse inhalation anesthetics promoting or inhibiting cancer in the critical events of tumor recurrence and metastasis, and compared the effects of inhalation anesthetics on patients' prognosis in clinical studies, to provide theoretical reference for anesthesia management of patients undergoing tumor surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yixin Jing
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yiguo Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Pan
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Ke Ding
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Rong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, East Hospital, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Qingtao Meng
- Department of Anesthesiology, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, East Hospital, 117921Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
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14
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Liu W, Deng Y, Li Z, Chen Y, Zhu X, Tan X, Cao G. Cancer Evo-Dev: A Theory of Inflammation-Induced Oncogenesis. Front Immunol 2021; 12:768098. [PMID: 34880864 PMCID: PMC8645856 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2021.768098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2021] [Accepted: 11/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic inflammation is a prerequisite for the development of cancers. Here, we present the framework of a novel theory termed as Cancer Evolution-Development (Cancer Evo-Dev) based on the current understanding of inflammation-related carcinogenesis, especially hepatocarcinogenesis induced by chronic infection with hepatitis B virus. The interaction between genetic predispositions and environmental exposures, such as viral infection, maintains chronic non-resolving inflammation. Pollution, metabolic syndrome, physical inactivity, ageing, and adverse psychosocial exposure also increase the risk of cancer via inducing chronic low-grade smoldering inflammation. Under the microenvironment of non-resolving inflammation, pro-inflammatory factors facilitate the generation of somatic mutations and viral mutations by inducing the imbalance between the mutagenic forces such as cytidine deaminases and mutation-correcting forces including uracil-DNA glycosylase. Most cells with somatic mutations and mutated viruses are eliminated in survival competition. Only a small percentage of mutated cells survive, adapt to the hostile environment, retro-differentiate, and function as cancer-initiating cells via altering signaling pathways. These cancer-initiating cells acquire stem-ness, reprogram metabolic patterns, and affect the microenvironment. The carcinogenic process follows the law of "mutation-selection-adaptation". Chronic physical activity reduces the levels of inflammation via upregulating the activity and numbers of NK cells and lymphocytes and lengthening leukocyte telomere; downregulating proinflammatory cytokines including interleukin-6 and senescent lymphocytes especially in aged population. Anti-inflammation medication reduces the occurrence and recurrence of cancers. Targeting cancer stemness signaling pathways might lead to cancer eradication. Cancer Evo-Dev not only helps understand the mechanisms by which inflammation promotes the development of cancers, but also lays the foundation for effective prophylaxis and targeted therapy of various cancers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenbin Liu
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yang Deng
- School of Public Health, Shandong First Medical University & Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Tai’an, China
| | - Zishuai Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yifan Chen
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoqiong Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaojie Tan
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
| | - Guangwen Cao
- Department of Epidemiology, Second Military Medical University, Shanghai, China
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