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Yu S, Liu D, Yan C, Yuan C, Zhang C, Zheng S. A novel mutation in GPR68 causes hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta. Arch Oral Biol 2024; 164:105991. [PMID: 38761453 DOI: 10.1016/j.archoralbio.2024.105991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2024] [Revised: 05/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To identify the genetic cause of a Chinese family with hypomaturation amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and to characterize the structure of GPR68 mutated enamel in order to develop a deeper understanding of the role of the GPR68 protein during the intricate process of amelogenesis. DESIGN One Chinese family with generalized hypomaturation AI was recruited. Two of the third molars from the proband were subjected to scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX). Whole exome sequencing (WES) was performed, and the identified mutation was confirmed by Sanger sequencing. Bioinformatics studies were further conducted to analyze the potential deleterious effects of the mutation. RESULTS The proband presented with a hypomaturation AI phenotype, characterized by fragile and discolored enamel surface. The AI enamel showed prismatic structure, which was sporadically obscured by areas of amorphous material and porous structure. EDX analysis showed the proband's enamel demonstrated a significant decrease in calcium and phosphorus content and a significant increase in oxygen compared with normal enamel. A novel homozygous mutation of G protein-coupled receptor 68 (GPR68) (c .149 T > A, p.Ile50Asn) was identified in the proband. Bioinformatics analysis indicated that the mutation site displayed a high level of evolutionary conservation among species, and the mutation might impact the stability and conformation of the protein. CONCLUSION The novel homozygous GPR68 mutation resulted in hypomaturation AI. We first described the effect of GPR68 mutation on enamel structure. Our results provide new genetic evidence that mutations involved in GPR68 contribute to hypomaturation AI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunlan Yu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Dandan Liu
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Changqing Yan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chao Yuan
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China
| | - Chenying Zhang
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China.
| | - Shuguo Zheng
- Department of Preventive Dentistry, Peking University School and Hospital of Stomatology & National Center for Stomatology & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & National Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials and Digital Medical Devices & Beijing Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NHC Key Laboratory of Digital Stomatology & NMPA Key Laboratory for Dental Materials, Beijing, PR China.
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Renostro-Souza A, Fonseca-Souza G, Küchler EC, Vasconcelos KRF, Feltrin-Souza J, Kirschneck C, Matsumoto MAN, Lepri CP, Oliveira MAHDM, Thedei G. Association of defects of enamel with polymorphisms in the vitamin D receptor and parathyroid hormone genes. Braz Dent J 2024; 35:e245900. [PMID: 38922252 PMCID: PMC11196029 DOI: 10.1590/0103-6440202405900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2024] [Accepted: 02/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/27/2024] Open
Abstract
This cross-sectional study aimed to investigate the association between developmental defects of enamel (DDE) and single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in the genes encoding the vitamin D receptor (VDR) and parathyroid hormone (PTH). Orthodontic patients receiving treatment at a dental school were selected through convenience sampling. Intra-oral photographs were used to assess DDE, which were classified according to the criteria proposed by Ghanim et al. (2015) by a single calibrated examiner (Kappa>0.80). Enamel hypoplasia, molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH), hypomimineralized second primary molar (HSPM), and non-MIH/HSPM demarcated opacities were considered for the analysis. Genomic DNA was extracted from buccal cells. The SNPs in VDR (rs7975232) and PHT (rs694, rs6256, and rs307247) were genotyped using real-time polymerase chain reactions (PCR). Statistical analyses were performed using the PLINK software (version 1.03, designed by Shaun Purcell, EUA). Chi-square or Fisher's exact tests were performed at a significance level of 5%. Ninety-one (n=91) patients (49 females and 42 males) (mean age of 14.1±5.8 years) were included. The frequency of DDE was 38.5% (35 patients). Genotype distributions were in Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium. No significant statistical association was found between DDE and the SNPs evaluated. A borderline association (p=0.09) was observed between DDE and the CC haplotype for SNP rs7975232 in VDR. In conclusion, the selected SNPs in VDR and PTH genes were not associated with DDE in the studied samples.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Mírian Aiko Nakane Matsumoto
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry, School of Dentistry of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | | | - Geraldo Thedei
- Department of Biomaterials, University of Uberaba, Uberaba, MG, Brazil
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Vollú AL, Pintor AVB, Maranón-Vásquez GA, Magno MB, Maia LC, Fonseca-Gonçalves A. Are low serum levels of Vitamin D associated with dental developmental defects in primary teeth? A systematic review. Evid Based Dent 2024; 25:110. [PMID: 38200326 DOI: 10.1038/s41432-023-00967-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2023] [Accepted: 12/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To identify, qualify and synthesize all studies that assessed if low serum level of 25(OH)D (<50 nmol/L) is associated with dental developmental defects (DDD) in primary teeth. MATERIALS AND METHODS Observational studies or clinical trials were included if measured 25(OH)D serum levels in pregnant women and/or in their children (up to 3 years old) and evaluated the occurrence of DDD in the primary dentition of offspring associated with the low 25(OH)D levels. Literature reviews, case reports, laboratory and/or animals' studies, conference abstracts, letters to the editor, book chapters and clinical protocols were excluded. Searches were carried out in 6 electronic databases and in the gray literature until March 2023, without restrictions. The study quality was assessed by the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale and the certainty of the evidence by GRADE. Data were descriptively synthesized considering the association between DDD and 25(OH)D levels. RESULTS Seven studies were included. Only developmental enamel defects (DED) were observed after examination of 6651 children. The incidence of DED ranged from 8.9% to 66%. Six studies found no association between low levels of 25(OH)D and DED. However, one reported correlation between hypomineralization of the primary second molar (HSMD) and low levels of 25(OH)D at birth. Methodological flaws were observed in all studies and the certainty of the evidence was very low. CONCLUSION Although HSMD was the only DDD associated with low levels of 25(OH)D in children, the available evidence is still not conclusive. More robust studies are needed to endorse the biological plausibility of DDD in primary teeth due to low serum levels of 25(OH)D in pregnant women or in their children. FAPERJ financed this study, which was registered in PROSPERO (CRD42022357511).
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Lúcia Vollú
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andrea Vaz Braga Pintor
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Guido A Maranón-Vásquez
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Marcela Barauna Magno
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Lucianne Cople Maia
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Andréa Fonseca-Gonçalves
- Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Orthodontics, School of Dentistry, Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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Limmer LS, Santon M, McGrath K, Harvati K, El Zaatari S. Differences in childhood stress between Neanderthals and early modern humans as reflected by dental enamel growth disruptions. Sci Rep 2024; 14:11293. [PMID: 38782948 PMCID: PMC11116461 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-61321-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2023] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024] Open
Abstract
Neanderthals' lives were historically portrayed as highly stressful, shaped by constant pressures to survive in harsh ecological conditions, thus potentially contributing to their extinction. Recent work has challenged this interpretation, leaving the issue of stress among Paleolithic populations highly contested and warranting in-depth examination. Here, we analyze the frequency of dental enamel hypoplasia, a growth disruption indicator of early life stress, in the largest sample of Neanderthal and Upper Paleolithic dentitions investigated to date for these features. To track potential species-specific patterns in the ontogenetic distribution of childhood stress, we present the first comprehensive Bayesian modelling of the likelihood of occurrence of individual and matched enamel growth disruptions throughout ontogeny. Our findings support similar overall stress levels in both groups but reveal species-specific patterns in its ontogenetic distribution. While Neanderthal children faced increasing likelihoods of growth disruptions starting with the weaning process and culminating in intensity post-weaning, growth disruptions in Upper Paleolithic children were found to be limited around the period of weaning and substantially dropping after its expected completion. These results might, at least in part, reflect differences in childcare or other behavioral strategies between the two taxa, including those that were advantageous for modern humans' long-term survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Sophia Limmer
- Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Center of Advanced Studies 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Tübingen, Germany
| | - Matteo Santon
- Ecology of Vision Group, University of Bristol, Bristol, UK
| | - Kate McGrath
- Department of Anthropology, Center for the Advanced Study of Human Paleobiology, The George Washington University, Washington, DC, USA
- CENIEH, Burgos, Spain
| | - Katerina Harvati
- Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany
- DFG Center of Advanced Studies 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Tübingen, Germany
| | - Sireen El Zaatari
- Paleoanthropology, Senckenberg Centre for Human Evolution and Palaeoenvironment, Institute of Archaeological Sciences, University of Tübingen, Tübingen, Germany.
- DFG Center of Advanced Studies 'Words, Bones, Genes, Tools: Tracking Linguistic, Cultural and Biological Trajectories of the Human Past', Tübingen, Germany.
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Salerno C, Campus G, Camoni N, Cirio S, Caprioglio A, Cagetti MG. Is Italian Dentists' Knowledge of Enamel Development Defects Adequate? A Nationwide Survey. Int Dent J 2024:S0020-6539(24)00118-7. [PMID: 38679519 DOI: 10.1016/j.identj.2024.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2024] [Revised: 04/05/2024] [Accepted: 04/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/01/2024] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Correct identification and management of Developmental Defects of Enamel (DDEs) are essential to provide the best possible treatment. The present survey aims to investigate Italian dentists' knowledge of DDEs, their ability to recognise the different clinical pictures, and to choose the most appropriate clinical approach. METHODS A cross-sectional survey was planned based on a questionnaire including 27 closed-ended questions, and that proposed 4 clinical pictures, molar incisor hypomineralisation (MIH), amelogenesis imperfecta (AI), dental fluorosis (DF), and an initial caries lesion (ICL). It was distributed by e-mail to all Italian dentists (N = 63,883) through the Italian Federation of Doctors and Dentists. Discrete variables were expressed as absolute and relative frequencies (%). A multivariate analysis assessed whether socio-demographic variables correlated with the answers' truthfulness. RESULTS About 5017 questionnaires were included and analysed. Although 90.19% of the sample stated that they had received information on DDEs, a significant percentage did not recognise MIH (36.36%), AI (48.34%), DF (71.50%), and ICL (46.62%). Only 57.07% correctly classified enamel hypomineralisation as a qualitative defect, and even fewer, 54.45%, classified enamel hypoplasia as a quantitative defect. According to the logistic regressions, female dentists, dentists who treat mainly children and received information about DDEs, were more likely to recognise the 4 clinical pictures (P < .01). CONCLUSIONS Italian dentists showed many knowledge gaps on DDEs that need to be filled; those who received formal training were more capable of correctly identifying the defects and were more likely to prescribe an appropriate management approach for the defects. CLINICAL SIGNIFICANCE Increasing university courses and continuing education on diagnosing and managing DDEs seems reasonable to fill the knowledge gap on DDEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Salerno
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Graduate School for Health Sciences, University of Bern, Switzerland.
| | - Guglielmo Campus
- Department of Restorative, Preventive and Pediatric Dentistry, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland; Department of Medicine, Surgery and Pharmacy, University of Sassari, Sassari, Italy; Department of Cariology, Saveetha Dental College and Hospitals, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Nicole Camoni
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Silvia Cirio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
| | - Alberto Caprioglio
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, School of Dentistry, University of Milan, Milan, Italy; Fondazione IRCCS Cà Granda, Ospedale Maggiore Policlinico, Milan, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Cagetti
- Department of Biomedical, Surgical and Dental Sciences, University of Milan, Milan, Italy
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Monteiro J, Balmer R, Lafferty F, Lyne A, Mighell A, O'Donnell K, Parekh S. Establishment of a clinical network for children with amelogenesis imperfecta and dentinogenesis imperfecta in the UK: 4-year experience. Eur Arch Paediatr Dent 2024; 25:85-91. [PMID: 38308725 PMCID: PMC10943134 DOI: 10.1007/s40368-023-00859-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 02/05/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and dentinogenesis imperfecta (DI) are two groups of genetically inherited conditions resulting in abnormal enamel and dentin formation, respectively. Children and young people may be adversely affected by these conditions, with significant reduction in oral health related quality of life. Dental management of children with AI and DI is often complex, which is exacerbated by the absence of clear referral pathways and scarce evidence-based guidelines. METHOD The need for increased knowledge and peer support led to the development of a group of UK paediatric dentists with a special clinical interest in the management of children with AI and DI. PURPOSE The aims of this paper are to describe the establishment of an AI/DI Clinical Excellence Network (AI/DI CEN) in paediatric dentistry including outputs and future plans, and to share our collective learning to help support others anywhere in the world advance the care of people with AI or DI.
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Affiliation(s)
- J Monteiro
- Sheffield Teaching Hospitals, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK.
| | - R Balmer
- School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - A Lyne
- RNENTEDH, University College London Hospitals, London, UK
| | - A Mighell
- School of Dentistry, The University of Leeds, Leeds, UK
| | | | - S Parekh
- UCL Eastman Dental Institute, London, UK
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de La Dure-Molla M, Gaucher C, Dupré N, Bloch Zupan A, Berdal A, Chaussain C. [The tooth: A marker of developmental abnormalities]. Med Sci (Paris) 2024; 40:16-23. [PMID: 38299898 DOI: 10.1051/medsci/2023190] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Tooth formation results from specific epithelial-mesenchymal interactions, which summarize a number of developmental processes. Tooth anomalies may thus reflect subclinical diseases of the kidney, bone and more broadly of the mineral metabolism, skin or nervous system. Odontogenesis starts from the 3rd week of intrauterine life by the odontogenic orientation of epithelial cells by a first PITX2 signal. The second phase is the acquisition of the number, shape, and position of teeth. It depends on multiple transcription and growth factors (BMP, FGF, SHH, WNT). These ecto-mesenchymal interactions guide cell migration, proliferation, apoptosis and differentiation ending in the formation of the specific dental mineralized tissues. Thus, any alteration will have consequences on the tooth structure or shape. Resulting manifestations will have to be considered in the patient phenotype and the multidisciplinary care, but also may contribute to identify the altered genetic circuity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muriel de La Dure-Molla
- Centre de référence maladies rares orales et dentaires, O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris ; université Paris Cité, UFR d'odontologie, Inserm, UMR1163, bases moléculaires et physiopathologiques des ostéochondrodysplasies, institut imagine, Paris ; FHU DDS Paris-Net, filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO
| | - Céline Gaucher
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, AP-HP ; laboratoire BRIO URP2496, UFR d'odontologie, université Paris Cité, France ; Service de médecine bucco-dentaire, hôpital Henri Mondor, AP-HP ; Service de médecine génomique des maladies rares de système et d'organe, hôpital Cochin, AP-HP, Centre-Université Paris Cité, Montrouge, France
| | - Nicolas Dupré
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, APHP ; équipe « Physiopathologie orale moléculaire », Centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, université Paris Cité, Sorbonne université. UFR d'odontologie université Paris Cité. Centre de référence maladies rares O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris ; filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Paris
| | - Agnès Bloch Zupan
- Université de Strasbourg, institut de génétique et de biologie moléculaire et cellulaire (IGBMC), Inserm U1258, CNRS- UMR7104, Illkirch ; faculté de chirurgie dentaire Robert Frank ; institut d'études avancées (USIAS) ; Hôpitaux universitaires de Strasbourg (HUS), pôle de médecine et chirurgie bucco-dentaires, hôpital civil, centre de référence des maladies rares orales et dentaires O-Rares, filière santé maladies rares TETE COU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Strasbourg
| | - Ariane Berdal
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm AP-HP, équipe « Physiopathologie orale moléculaire », centre de recherche des Cordeliers, Inserm U1138, université Paris Cité, Sorbonne université. UFR d'odontologie, université Paris Cité. centre de référence maladies Rares O-Rares, hôpital Rothschild, AP-HP, Paris, filière TETECOU, European Reference Network CRANIO, Paris
| | - Catherine Chaussain
- FHU DDS Paris-Net, université Paris Cité, Inserm, AP-HP ; laboratoire BRIO URP2496, UFR d'odontologie ; AP-HP, hôpital Bretonneau ; centre de référence maladies Rares du métabolisme du calcium, phosphate et magnésium, filière OSCAR, European Reference Network BOND, Paris
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Boyer E, Monfort C, Lainé F, Gaudreau É, Tillaut H, Bonnaure-Mallet M, Cordier S, Meuric V, Chevrier C. Prenatal exposure to persistent organic pollutants and molar-incisor hypomineralization among 12-year-old children in the French mother-child cohort PELAGIE. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023; 231:116230. [PMID: 37236387 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116230] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2023] [Revised: 05/17/2023] [Accepted: 05/23/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Exceptional episodes of exposure to high levels of persistent organic pollutants have already been associated with developmental defects of enamel among children, but knowledge is still scarce concerning the contribution of background levels of environmental contamination. METHODS Children of the French PELAGIE mother-child cohort were followed from birth, with collection of medical data and cord blood samples that were used to measure polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), organochlorine pesticides (OCs), and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs). At 12 years of age, molar-incisor hypomineralization (MIH) and other enamel defects (EDs) were recorded for 498 children. Associations were studied using logistic regression models adjusted for potential prenatal confounders. RESULTS An increasing log-concentration of β-HCH was associated with a reduced risk of MIH and EDs (OR = 0.55; 95% CI, 0.32-0.95, and OR = 0.65; 95% CI, 0.43-0.98, respectively). Among girls, intermediate levels of p,p'-DDE were associated with a reduced risk of MIH. Among boys, we observed an increased risk of EDs in association with intermediate levels of PCB 138, PCB 153, PCB 187, and an increased risk of MIH with intermediate levels of PFOA and PFOS. CONCLUSIONS Two OCs were associated with a reduced risk of dental defects, whereas the associations between PCBs and PFASs and EDs or MIH were generally close to null or sex-specific, with an increased risk of dental defects in boys. These results suggest that POPs could impact amelogenesis. Replication of this study is required and the possible underlying mechanisms need to be explored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emile Boyer
- INSERM, INRAE, Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolism and Cancer), F-35000, Rennes, France.
| | - Christine Monfort
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | | | - Éric Gaudreau
- Centre de Toxicologie Du Québec (CTQ), Institut National de Santé Publique Du Québec (INSPQ), Québec, Québec, Canada
| | - Hélène Tillaut
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Martine Bonnaure-Mallet
- INSERM, INRAE, Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolism and Cancer), F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Sylvaine Cordier
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Vincent Meuric
- INSERM, INRAE, Univ Rennes, CHU Rennes, Institut NUMECAN (Nutrition Metabolism and Cancer), F-35000, Rennes, France
| | - Cécile Chevrier
- Univ Rennes, INSERM, EHESP, Irset (Institut de recherche en santé, environnement et travail), UMR_S 1085, F-35000, Rennes, France
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9
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Arrow P, Piggott S, Jamieson L, Brennan D, Tonmukayakul U, Kularatna S, Atkinson D, Nanda S. Dental enamel defects and dental caries of primary teeth among Indigenous children in Western Australia. Aust Dent J 2023; 68:35-41. [PMID: 36461644 PMCID: PMC10952132 DOI: 10.1111/adj.12948] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/05/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Teeth affected with enamel defects (EDs) are at an increased risk of dental caries. In spite of improving oral health status overall in Australia, Indigenous Australians still experience higher rates of dental caries than non-Indigenous Australians. This study reports on the prevalence of EDs and dental caries experience among Indigenous children in the Kimberley region of Western Australia. METHODS Health status of all the primary teeth (ICDAS II criteria) and the presence of EDs on index teeth (modified Dental Defects of Enamel index; DDE) of young Indigenous children who participated in a 2-arm intervention trial was recorded. Generalized estimating equations were used to estimate the association between EDs and dental caries and effect estimates were presented as odds ratios and associated 95% confidence intervals. RESULTS Person-level prevalence, from 237 children (mean age 3.6 years, standard deviation 1.7) assessed for EDs, was 58% and tooth-level prevalence was 24%. Teeth affected with demarcated or diffuse defects were associated with a twofold higher odds of having caries experience, odds ratio (OR) 2.5, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.7-3.7 and OR 2.7, 95% CI 1.7-4.0 respectively. CONCLUSIONS The presence of EDs among young Indigenous children was associated with a higher odds of caries experience among affected teeth.
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Affiliation(s)
- P Arrow
- Dental Health ServicesDepartment of HealthPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Dental SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral HealthUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - S Piggott
- Dental Health ServicesDepartment of HealthPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - L Jamieson
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral HealthUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - D Brennan
- Australian Research Centre for Population Oral HealthUniversity of AdelaideAdelaideSouth AustraliaAustralia
| | - U Tonmukayakul
- Institute for Health TransformationDeakin UniversityGeelongAustralia
| | - S Kularatna
- School of Public Health and Social WorkQueensland University of TechnologyBrisbaneQueenslandAustralia
| | - D Atkinson
- Rural Clinical SchoolUniversity of Western AustraliaPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
| | - S Nanda
- Department of HealthPerthWestern AustraliaAustralia
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10
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Enamel Phenotypes: Genetic and Environmental Determinants. Genes (Basel) 2023; 14:genes14030545. [PMID: 36980818 PMCID: PMC10048525 DOI: 10.3390/genes14030545] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Dental enamel is a specialized tissue that has adapted over millions of years of evolution to enhance the survival of a variety of species. In humans, enamel evolved to form the exterior protective layer for the crown of the exposed tooth crown. Its unique composition, structure, physical properties and attachment to the underlying dentin tissue allow it to be a resilient, although not self-repairing, tissue. The process of enamel formation, known as amelogenesis, involves epithelial-derived cells called ameloblasts that secrete a unique extracellular matrix that influences the structure of the mineralizing enamel crystallites. There are over 115 known genetic conditions affecting amelogenesis that are associated with enamel phenotypes characterized by either a reduction of enamel amount and or mineralization. Amelogenesis involves many processes that are sensitive to perturbation and can be altered by numerous environmental stressors. Genetics, epigenetics, and environment factors can influence enamel formation and play a role in resistance/risk for developmental defects and the complex disease, dental caries. Understanding why and how enamel is affected and the enamel phenotypes seen clinically support diagnostics, prognosis prediction, and the selection of treatment approaches that are appropriate for the specific tissue defects (e.g., deficient amount, decreased mineral, reduced insulation and hypersensitivity). The current level of knowledge regarding the heritable enamel defects is sufficient to develop a new classification system and consensus nosology that effectively communicate the mode of inheritance, molecular defect/pathway, and the functional aberration and resulting enamel phenotype.
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Skeletal Markers of Physiological Stress as Indicators of Structural Violence: A Comparative Study between the Deceased Migrants of the Mediterranean Sea and the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:biology12020335. [PMID: 36829611 PMCID: PMC9953607 DOI: 10.3390/biology12020335] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/16/2023] [Indexed: 02/23/2023]
Abstract
Structural violence is an indirect form of violence that can lead to physiological consequences. Interestingly, these physiological disruptions may affect the skeletons and can therefore provide relevant information on violence and way of life in the analysis of skeletal remains. The aim of the present study was to test the hypothesis that migrants who died in the Mediterranean Sea would present physiological cranial stress markers such as cribra orbitalia (CO), porotic hyperostosis (PH), and linear enamel hypoplasia (LEH) more frequently and more severely than Italians of the 20th century. With this intent, a total of 164 crania were examined: 139 from deceased migrants recovered from a shipwreck in the Mediterranean Sea in 2015, aged between 16 and 35 years old, and 25 of the same age from the CAL Milano Cemetery Skeletal Collection. Both presence and severity of CO, PH, and LEH were evaluated. The data obtained were analyzed using Wilcoxon signed-rank and independence Chi-squared tests to compare the results between the two samples and to test whether there was an association between the sample of migrants and the occurrence of lesions. As a result, CO and PH appeared more frequently and more severely in the migrant sample. In addition, migrants were significantly associated with CO, PH, and LEH (p-values < 0.05). Although this does not imply in any way that CO, PH, and LEH are specific to migration, they should be regarded as indicators of structural violence.
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Vélez-León E, Albaladejo-Martínez A, Pacheco-Quito EM, Armas-Vega A, Delgado-Gaete A, Pesántez-Ochoa D, Melo M. Developmental Enamel Defects in Children from the Southern Region of Ecuador. CHILDREN (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 9:children9111755. [PMID: 36421204 PMCID: PMC9688757 DOI: 10.3390/children9111755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2022] [Revised: 11/15/2022] [Accepted: 11/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Developmental defects of enamel (DDEs) are widely observed in children and are related to the appearance of dental caries, malocclusion, tooth sensitivity, and unfavorable esthetic conditions. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to determine the prevalence and distribution of enamel defects present in children aged 6 to 12 years in the provinces located in southern Ecuador. A total of 1606 schoolchildren were examined under the World Health Organization criteria for diagnosis of DDEs. The results are presented using percentage frequency measures and chi-square associations. Some types of DDEs were presented by 50% of the schoolchildren, mainly diffuse opacity, with no statistical differences according to place of residence and/or environment, sex, and age (p > 0.05). In Ecuador, it is necessary to carry out studies on the factors that trigger enamel defects, since they may be associated with the high prevalence of caries already reported in other studies in the country.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eleonor Vélez-León
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, University of Salamanca, 37007 Salamanca, Spain
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
- Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +593-95-898-8373
| | | | - Edisson-Mauricio Pacheco-Quito
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
- Innovation and Pharmaceutical Development in Dentistry Research Group, Faculty of Dentistry, Head of Research and Innovation, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
| | - Ana Armas-Vega
- School of Dentistry, Hemisferios University, Quito 170527, Ecuador
| | - Andrés Delgado-Gaete
- Academic Unit of Health and Wellness, Faculty of Dentistry, Catholic University of Cuenca, Cuenca 010105, Ecuador
| | | | - María Melo
- Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia, 46010 Valencia, Spain
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Everett ET. Invited Perspective: A Wise Choice: Using Murine Models to Demonstrate Dental Effects following Exposure to Endocrine-Disrupting Compounds. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2022; 130:61301. [PMID: 35730961 PMCID: PMC9215263 DOI: 10.1289/ehp11218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Revised: 04/29/2022] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Eric T. Everett
- Division of Oral and Craniofacial Health Sciences, Adams School of Dentistry, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, North Carolina, USA
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