1
|
Abudabos AE, Aljumaah RS, Alabdullatif AA, Al Sulaiman AR, Hakmi Z, Alharthi AS. Effectiveness of Hydrated Sodium Calcium Aluminosilicates and Discarded Date Pits as Dietary Adsorbents for Aflatoxin B1 in Enhancing Broiler Chicken Productive Performance, Hepatic Function, and Intestinal Health. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2124. [PMID: 39061586 PMCID: PMC11274099 DOI: 10.3390/ani14142124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2024] [Revised: 07/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/17/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The research aimed to evaluate how effective hydrated sodium calcium aluminosilicates (HSCASs) and discarded date pits (DDPs) are as dietary adsorbents for aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) in enhancing the performance and health of broiler chickens aged 16 to 30 days. A total of 240 Ross 308 straight-run broilers were randomly allocated into four dietary groups, each with 10 replicates: a control diet, a control diet with 1000 ppb AFB1, an AFB1-contaminated diet with 0.5% HSCAS, and an AFB1-contaminated diet with 4% DDP. Incorporating HSCASs or DDPs into the AFB1-contaminated diet resulted in significant improvements across various parameters, involving increased body weight, improved feed conversion ratio, higher dressing percentage, decreased relative weights of kidney and spleen, elevated serum levels of total protein, globulin, and glucose, reduced serum alanine aminotransferase activity, and heightened hepatic protein concentration and glutathione peroxidase activity, along with diminished hepatic malondialdehyde content and glutamic oxaloacetic transaminase activity. Moreover, both supplements led to increased ileal villus height and surface area, enhanced apparent nitrogen-corrected metabolizable energy digestibility, and decreased AFB1 residues in the liver and kidney. Moreover, the dietary inclusion of DDPs significantly decreased relative liver weight, raised serum albumin concentration, lowered serum alkaline phosphatase activity, enhanced hepatic total antioxidant capacity level, and augmented ileal villus width. Conversely, the dietary addition of HSCASs significantly heightened apparent crude protein digestibility. In conclusion, the inclusion of HSCASs and DDPs in AFB1-contaminated diets can mitigate the toxic effects of AFB1 on broiler chickens, with DDPs exhibiting additional advantages in optimizing liver function and gut morphology.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ala E. Abudabos
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
- Department of Agriculture, School of Agriculture and Applied Sciences, Alcorn State University, 1000 ASU Drive, Lorman, MI 39096-7500, USA
| | - Riyadh S. Aljumaah
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alabdullatif
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Ali R. Al Sulaiman
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
- Environmental Protection Technologies Institute, Sustainability and Environment Sector, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, P.O. Box 6086, Riyadh 11442, Saudi Arabia
| | - Zafar Hakmi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
| | - Abdulrahman S. Alharthi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2460, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia (A.R.A.S.); (Z.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Amminikutty N, Spalenza V, Jarriyawattanachaikul W, Badino P, Capucchio MT, Colombino E, Schiavone A, Greco D, D’Ascanio V, Avantaggiato G, Dabbou S, Nebbia C, Girolami F. Turmeric Powder Counteracts Oxidative Stress and Reduces AFB1 Content in the Liver of Broilers Exposed to the EU Maximum Levels of the Mycotoxin. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:687. [PMID: 38133191 PMCID: PMC10747922 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15120687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/05/2023] [Indexed: 12/23/2023] Open
Abstract
The most frequent adverse effects of AFB1 in chicken are low performance, the depression of the immune system, and a reduced quality of both eggs and meat, leading to economic losses. Since oxidative stress plays a major role in AFB1 toxicity, natural products are increasingly being used as an alternative to mineral binders to tackle AFB1 toxicosis in farm animals. In this study, an in vivo trial was performed by exposing broilers for 10 days to AFB1 at dietary concentrations approaching the maximum limits set by the EU (0.02 mg/kg feed) in the presence or absence of turmeric powder (TP) (included in the feed at 400 mg/kg). The aims were to evaluate (i) the effects of AFB1 on lipid peroxidation, antioxidant parameters, histology, and the expression of drug transporters and biotransformation enzymes in the liver; (ii) the hepatic accumulation of AFB1 and its main metabolites (assessed using an in-house-validated HPLC-FLD method); (iii) the possible modulation of the above parameters elicited by TP. Broilers exposed to AFB1 alone displayed a significant increase in lipid peroxidation in the liver, which was completely reverted by the concomitant administration of TP. Although no changes in glutathione levels and antioxidant enzyme activities were detected in any treatment group, AFB1 significantly upregulated and downregulated the mRNA expression of CYP2A6 and Nrf2, respectively. TP counteracted such negative effects and increased the hepatic gene expression of selected antioxidant enzymes (i.e., CAT and SOD2) and drug transporters (i.e., ABCG2), which were further enhanced in combination with AFB1. Moreover, both AFB1 and TP increased the mRNA levels of ABCC2 and ABCG2 in the duodenum. The latter changes might be implicated in the decrease in hepatic AFB1 to undetectable levels (
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Neenu Amminikutty
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Veronica Spalenza
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Watanya Jarriyawattanachaikul
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Paola Badino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Maria Teresa Capucchio
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Elena Colombino
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Achille Schiavone
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Donato Greco
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.G.); (V.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Vito D’Ascanio
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.G.); (V.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Giuseppina Avantaggiato
- Institute of Sciences of Food Production, Italian National Research Council, 70126 Bari, Italy; (D.G.); (V.D.); (G.A.)
| | - Sihem Dabbou
- Center Agriculture Food Environment (C3A), University of Trento, 38010 San Michele all’Adige, Italy;
| | - Carlo Nebbia
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| | - Flavia Girolami
- Department of Veterinary Sciences, University of Torino, 10095 Grugliasco, Italy; (N.A.); (V.S.); (W.J.); (P.B.); (M.T.C.); (E.C.); (A.S.); (F.G.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Jaćević V, Dumanović J, Alomar SY, Resanović R, Milovanović Z, Nepovimova E, Wu Q, Franca TCC, Wu W, Kuča K. Research update on aflatoxins toxicity, metabolism, distribution, and detection: A concise overview. Toxicology 2023; 492:153549. [PMID: 37209941 DOI: 10.1016/j.tox.2023.153549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Serious health risks associated with the consumption of food products contaminated with aflatoxins (AFs) are worldwide recognized and depend predominantly on consumed AF concentration by diet. A low concentration of aflatoxins in cereals and related food commodities is unavoidable, especially in subtropic and tropic regions. Accordingly, risk assessment guidelines established by regulatory bodies in different countries help in the prevention of aflatoxin intoxication and the protection of public health. By assessing the maximal levels of aflatoxins in food products which are a potential risk to human health, it's possible to establish appropriate risk management strategies. Regarding, a few factors are crucial for making a rational risk management decision, such as toxicological profile, adequate information concerning the exposure duration, availability of routine and some novel analytical techniques, socioeconomic factors, food intake patterns, and maximal allowed levels of each aflatoxin in different food products which may be varied between countries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vesna Jaćević
- Department for Experimental Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Poison Control Centre, Military Medical Academy, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic.
| | - Jelena Dumanović
- Medical Faculty of the Military Medical Academy, University of Defence, Crnotravska 17, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia; Department of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, University of Belgrade, 11158 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suliman Y Alomar
- King Saud University, College of Science, Zoology Department, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Radmila Resanović
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Belgrade, Bulevar Oslobođenja 18, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zoran Milovanović
- Special Police Unit, Ministry of Interior, Trebevićka 12/A, 11 030 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Eugenie Nepovimova
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Qinghua Wu
- College of Life Science, Yangtze University, 1 Nanhuan Road, 434023 Jingzhou, Hubei, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Tanos Celmar Costa Franca
- Laboratory of Molecular Modeling Applied to the Chemical and Biological Defense, Military Institute of Engineering, Praça General Tibúrcio 80, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22290-270, Brazil; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Wenda Wu
- School of Food and Biological Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; MOE Joint International Research Laboratory of Animal Health and Food Safety, College of Veterinary Medicine, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| | - Kamil Kuča
- Biomedical Research Center, University Hospital Hradec Kralove, 50005, Hradec Kralove, Czech Republic; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, University of Hradec Kralove, Rokitanského 62, 500 03 Hradec Králové, Czech Republic
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
De Baere S, Ochieng PE, Kemboi DC, Scippo ML, Okoth S, Lindahl JF, Gathumbi JK, Antonissen G, Croubels S. Development of High-Throughput Sample Preparation Procedures for the Quantitative Determination of Aflatoxins in Biological Matrices of Chickens and Cattle Using UHPLC-MS/MS. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:37. [PMID: 36668857 PMCID: PMC9866995 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15010037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Revised: 12/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) frequently contaminate food and animal feeds, especially in (sub) tropical countries. If animals consume contaminated feeds, AFs (mainly aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), B2 (AFB2), G1 (AFG1), G2 (AFG2) and their major metabolites aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) and M2 (AFM2)) can be transferred to edible tissues and products, such as eggs, liver and muscle tissue and milk, which ultimately can reach the human food chain. Currently, the European Union has established a maximum level for AFM1 in milk (0.05 µg kg-1). Dietary adsorbents, such as bentonite clay, have been used to reduce AFs exposure in animal husbandry and carry over to edible tissues and products. To investigate the efficacy of adding bentonite clay to animal diets in reducing the concentration of AFB1, AFB2, AFG1, AFG2, and the metabolites AFM1 and AFM2 in animal-derived foods (chicken muscle and liver, eggs, and cattle milk), chicken and cattle plasma and cattle ruminal fluid, a sensitive and selective ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS/MS) method has been developed. High-throughput sample preparation procedures were optimized, allowing the analysis of 96 samples per analytical batch and consisted of a liquid extraction using 1% formic acid in acetonitrile, followed by a further clean-up using QuEChERS (muscle tissue), QuEChERS in combination with Oasis® Ostro (liver tissue), Oasis® Ostro (egg, plasma), and Oasis® PRiME HLB (milk, ruminal fluid). The different procedures were validated in accordance with European guidelines. As a proof-of-concept, the final methods were used to successfully determine AFs concentrations in chicken and cattle samples collected during feeding trials for efficacy and safety evaluation of mycotoxin detoxifiers to protect against AFs as well as their carry-over to animal products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Siegrid De Baere
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Phillis E. Ochieng
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH—Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue de Cureghem 10, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - David C. Kemboi
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Department of Animal Sciences, Chuka University, P.O. Box 109-60400, Chuka 00625, Kenya
| | - Marie-Louise Scippo
- Laboratory of Food Analysis, FARAH—Veterinary Public Health, University of Liège, Avenue de Cureghem 10, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Sheila Okoth
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 30197, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Johanna F. Lindahl
- International Livestock Research Institute (ILRI), P.O. Box 30709, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
- Department of Medical Biochemistry and Microbiology, Uppsala University, SE-751 05 Uppsala, Sweden
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-750 07 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - James K. Gathumbi
- Department of Veterinary Pathology, Microbiology, and Parasitology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Nairobi, P.O. Box 29053, Nairobi 00100, Kenya
| | - Gunther Antonissen
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
- Chair Poultry Health Sciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| | - Siska Croubels
- Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Department of Pathobiology, Pharmacology and Zoological Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ghent University, Salisburylaan 133, 9820 Merelbeke, Belgium
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Alharthi AS, Al Sulaiman AR, Aljumaah RS, Alabdullatif AA, Ferronato G, Alqhtani AH, Al-Garadi MA, Al-sornokh H, Abudabos AM. The efficacy of bentonite and zeolite in reducing aflatoxin B1 toxicity on production performance and intestinal and hepatic health of broiler chickens. ITALIAN JOURNAL OF ANIMAL SCIENCE 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/1828051x.2022.2101389] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Abdulrahman S. Alharthi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali R. Al Sulaiman
- National Center for Environmental Technology, Life Science and Environment Research Institute, King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Riyadh S. Aljumaah
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulaziz A. Alabdullatif
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Giulia Ferronato
- Department of Civil Engineering, Architecture, Environment, Land Planning and Mathematics (DICATAM), Università degli Studi di Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Abdulmohsen H. Alqhtani
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Maged A. Al-Garadi
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Hussien Al-sornokh
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Alaeldein M. Abudabos
- Department of Animal Production, College of Food and Agriculture Sciences, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Dai C, Tian E, Hao Z, Tang S, Wang Z, Sharma G, Jiang H, Shen J. Aflatoxin B1 Toxicity and Protective Effects of Curcumin: Molecular Mechanisms and Clinical Implications. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:antiox11102031. [PMID: 36290754 PMCID: PMC9598162 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11102031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 10/09/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
One of the most significant classes of mycotoxins, aflatoxins (AFTs), can cause a variety of detrimental outcomes, including cancer, hepatitis, aberrant mutations, and reproductive issues. Among the 21 identified AFTs, aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is the most harmful to humans and animals. The mechanisms of AFB1-induced toxicity are connected to the generation of excess reactive oxygen species (ROS), upregulation of CYP450 activities, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, apoptosis, mitochondrial dysfunction, autophagy, necrosis, and inflammatory response. Several signaling pathways, including p53, PI3K/Akt/mTOR, Nrf2/ARE, NF-κB, NLRP3, MAPKs, and Wnt/β-catenin have been shown to contribute to AFB1-mediated toxic effects in mammalian cells. Curcumin, a natural product with multiple therapeutic activities (e.g., anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, anticancer, and immunoregulation activities), could revise AFB1-induced harmful effects by targeting these pathways. Therefore, the potential therapeutic use of curcumin against AFB1-related side effects and the underlying molecular mechanisms are summarized. This review, in our opinion, advances significant knowledge, sparks larger discussions, and drives additional improvements in the hazardous examination of AFTs and detoxifying the application of curcumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chongshan Dai
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Erjie Tian
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan University of Science and Technology, Luoyang 471023, China
| | - Zhihui Hao
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
- Key Biology Laboratory of Chinese Veterinary Medicine, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Shusheng Tang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Zhanhui Wang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Gaurav Sharma
- Advanced Imaging Research Center, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Haiyang Jiang
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| | - Jianzhong Shen
- Department of Veterinary Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Veterinary Medicine, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100193, China
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Erdem VZ, Oktay Başeğmez Hİ, Baydemir Peşint G. AFB1 recognition from liver tissue via AFB1 imprinted magnetic nanoparticles. J Chromatogr B Analyt Technol Biomed Life Sci 2022; 1210:123453. [PMID: 36170786 DOI: 10.1016/j.jchromb.2022.123453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2022] [Revised: 08/21/2022] [Accepted: 09/03/2022] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Aflatoxins (AFs) are produced mainly by Aspergillus flavus and Aspergillus parasiticus and aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is one of the most toxic aflatoxins with its carcinogenic property. AFB1 recognition from samples is very important and PHEMA based AFB1 imprinted magnetic nanoparticles (magAFB1-MIPs) were synthesized for the selective AFB1 recognition from liver tissue. The AFB1-MIPs were synthesized in different mole ratios and NIPs were synthesized for control. Characterization studies of magAFB1-MIPs and NIPs were carried out by swelling tests, surface area measurements, scanning electron microscopy and particle size analysis. The surface area was found as 117 m2/g and the size of the nanoparticles were found as 483 nm in diameter. The percentage yield of polymerization was calculated as 98 % and the template (AFB1) removal ratio from the magAFB1-MIPs was calculated as 91 %. The maximum adsorbtion capacities were calculated as 427.57 ng g-1 for magAFB1-MIPs and 44.6 ng g-1 for magNIPs. Selectivity tests showed that magAFB1-MIPs adsorb AFB1 1.74, 4.40, 2.46 times selective than that of AFB2, AFG1 and AFG2 molecules, respectively. AFB1 removal amount from AFB1 spiked liver tissue was satisfactory and recorded as 10.4 ng g-1 and 54.8 ng g-1 for 2 ng g-1 and 10 ng g-1 spiked liver tissue samples, respectively. AFB1 adsorption amount decrease was found negligible for 10 consecutive adsorption-desorption repeats in reusability study.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Veli Ziya Erdem
- Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Bioengineering Department, Adana, Turkey
| | | | - Gözde Baydemir Peşint
- Adana Alparslan Türkeş Science and Technology University, Bioengineering Department, Adana, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Guo W, Fan Z, Fan K, Meng J, Nie D, Tangni EK, Li Z, Zhao Z, Han Z. In Vivo Kinetics and Biotransformation of Aflatoxin B 1 in Dairy Cows Based on the Establishment of a Reliable UHPLC-MS/MS Method. Front Chem 2021; 9:809480. [PMID: 35004625 PMCID: PMC8740645 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2021.809480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vivo kinetics of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and its carry-over as aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in milk as well as the toxin loads in the tissue of dairy cows were assessed through a repetitive feeding trial of an AFB1-contaminated diet of 4 μg kg-1 body weight (b.w.) for 13 days. This was followed by a clearance period that ended with a single dose trial of an AFB1-contaminated diet of 40 μg kg-1 b.w. An ultra-high performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry method was developed and successfully validated by the determination of linearity (R 2 ≥ 0.990), sensitivity (lower limit of quantification, 0.1-0.2 ng ml-1), recovery (79.5-111.2%), and precision relative standard deviation (RSD) ≤14.7%) in plasma, milk, and various tissues. The repetitive ingestion of AFB1 indicated that the biotransformation of AFB1 to AFM1 occurred within 48 h, and the clearance period of AFM1 in milk was not more than 2 days. The carry-over rate of AFM1 in milk during the continuous ingestion experiment was in the range of 1.15-2.30% at a steady state. The in vivo kinetic results indicated that AFB1 reached a maximum concentration of 3.8 ± 0.9 ng ml-1 within 35.0 ± 10.2 min and was slowly eliminated from the plasma, with a half-life time (T1/2) of 931.1 ± 30.8 min. Meanwhile, AFM1 reached a plateau in plasma (0.5 ± 0.1 ng ml-1) at 4 h after the ingestion. AFB1 was found in the heart, spleen, lungs, and kidneys at concentrations of 1.6 ± 0.3, 4.1 ± 1.2, 3.3 ± 0.9 and 5.6 ± 1.4 μg kg-1, respectively. AFM1 was observed in the spleen and kidneys at concentrations of only 0.7 ± 0.2 and 0.8 ± 0.1 μg kg-1, respectively. In conclusion, the in vivo kinetics and biotransformation of AFB1 in dairy cows were determined using the developed UHPLC-MS/MS method, and the present findings could be helpful in assessing the health risks to consumers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wenbo Guo
- School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zhichen Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Kai Fan
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Jiajia Meng
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Dongxia Nie
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Emmanuel K. Tangni
- Organic Contaminants and Additives, Chemical and Physical Health Risks, Sciensano, Leuvensesteenweg, Brussels, Belgium
| | - Zenghe Li
- School of Chemistry, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing, China
| | - Zhihui Zhao
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Zheng Han
- Institute for Agro-food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Key Laboratory of Protected Horticultural Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, China
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Simultaneous Determination of 23 Mycotoxins in Broiler Tissues by Solid Phase Extraction UHPLC-Q/Orbitrap High Resolution Mass Spectrometry. SEPARATIONS 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/separations8120236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are a type of toxins harmful for not only animal but also human health. Cooccurrence of multi-mycotoxins could occur for food infected by several molds, producing multi-mycotoxins. It is necessary to develop corresponding determination methods, among which current mass spectrometry (MS) dominates. Currently, the accurate identification and quantitation of mycotoxins in complex matrices by MS with low resolution is still a challenge since false-positive results are typically obtained. Here, a method for the simultaneous determination of 23 mycotoxins in broiler tissues using ultra-high performance liquid chromatography-quadrupole/orbitrap HRMS was established. After the extraction by acetonitrile-water-formic acid (80:18:2, v/v/v), the purification by multifunctional purification solid phase extraction cartridges and the chromatographic separation on a C18 column, representative mycotoxins were determined by HRMS in full scan/data-dependent MS/MS acquisition mode. The quantitation was based on the external standard method. An MS/MS database of 23 mycotoxins was established to achieve qualitative screening and simultaneous quantification. Mycotoxins had a good linear relationship within a certain concentration range with correlation coefficients (r2) larger than 0.991 as well as the limit of quantitation of 1.80–300 μg/kg. The average recoveries at three different levels of low, medium and high fortification were 61–111% with relative standard deviations less than 13.5%. The method was fast, accurate, and suitable for the precise qualification of multiple mycotoxins in broiler tissues. 15 μg/kg zearalenone (ZEN) was detected in one liver sample among 30 samples from markets including chicken breast meat, liver, and gizzards. The result illustrated that the pollution of ZEN should not be neglected considering its harmful effect on the target organ of liver.
Collapse
|
10
|
Tao W, Li Z, Nabi F, Hu Y, Hu Z, Liu J. Penthorum chinense Pursh Compound Ameliorates AFB1-Induced Oxidative Stress and Apoptosis via Modulation of Mitochondrial Pathways in Broiler Chicken Kidneys. Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:750937. [PMID: 34692815 PMCID: PMC8531719 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.750937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/31/2021] [Accepted: 08/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is a carcinogenic mycotoxin widely present in foods and animal feeds; it represents a great risk to human and animal health. The aim of this study was to investigate the protective effects of Penthorum chinense Pursh compound (PCPC) against AFB1-induced damage, oxidative stress, and apoptosis via mitochondrial pathways in kidney tissues of broilers. One-day-old chickens (n = 180) were randomly allocated to six groups: control, AFB1 (2.8 mg AFB1/kg feed), positive drug (10 mLYCHT/kg feed), and PCPC high, medium, and low-dose groups (15, 10, and 5 ml PCPC/kg feed, respectively). AFB1 treatment reduced weight gain and induced oxidative stress and kidney damage in broiler tissues; however, PCPC supplementation effectively enhanced broiler performance, ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress, and inhibited apoptosis in the kidneys of broilers. The mRNA expression levels of mitochondria-related apoptosis genes (Bax, Bak, cytochrome c, caspase-9, and caspase-3) were significantly increased, whereas BCL2 expression level decreased in the AFB1 group. Supplementation of PCPC to the AFB1 group significantly reversed the changes in mRNA expression levels of these apoptosis-associated genes compared to those in the AFB1 group. The mRNA levels of NRF2 and HMOX1 in the kidneys of the AFB1 group were significantly reduced compared to those in the control group, whereas PCPC significantly increased the NRF2 and HMOX1 mRNA levels. AFB1 decreased the levels of Beclin1, LC3-I, and LC3-II and increased P53 levels in the kidney compared to those in the control, whereas PCPC significantly reversed these changes to normal levels of autophagy-related genes compared to those in the AFB1 group. In conclusion, our findings demonstrated that PCPC ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress by regulating the expression of apoptosis-related genes and mitochondrial pathways. Our results suggest that PCPC represents a natural and safe agent for preventing AFB1-induced injury and damage in broiler tissues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Weilai Tao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhenzhen Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Fazul Nabi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zeyu Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| | - Juan Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Southwest University, Chongqing, China.,Chinese Veterinary Herbal Drugs Innovation Research Lab, University Veterinary Science Engineering Research Center in Chongqing, Chongqing, China.,Immunology Research Center, Medical Research Institute, Southwest University, Chongqing, China
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Palade LM, Dore MI, Marin DE, Rotar MC, Taranu I. Assessment of Food By-Products' Potential for Simultaneous Binding of Aflatoxin B1 and Zearalenone. Toxins (Basel) 2020; 13:2. [PMID: 33374968 PMCID: PMC7822050 DOI: 10.3390/toxins13010002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 11/26/2020] [Accepted: 12/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, eight food by-products were investigated as biosorbent approaches in removing mycotoxin load towards potential dietary inclusion in animal feed. Among these food-derived by-products, grape seed (GSM) and seabuckthorn (SBM) meals showed the most promising binding capacity for Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and Zearalenone (ZEA), measured as percent of adsorbed mycotoxin. Furthermore, we explored the mycotoxin sequestering potential by screening the effect of time, concentration, temperature and pH. Comparative binding efficacy was addressed by carrying out adsorption experiments in vitro. The highest mycotoxin adsorption was attained using 30 mg of by-product for both GSM (85.9% AFB1 and 83.7% ZEA) and SBM (68% AFB1 and 84.5% ZEA). Optimal settings for the experimental factors were predicted employing the response surface design. GSM was estimated to adsorb AFB1 optimally at a concentration of 29 mg/mL, pH 5.95 and 33.6 °C, and ZEA using 28 mg/mL at pH 5.76 and 31.7 °C. Favorable adsorption of AFB1 was estimated at 37.5 mg of SBM (pH 8.1; 35.6 °C), and of ZEA at 30.2 mg of SBM (pH 5.6; 29.3 °C). Overall, GSM revealed a higher binding capacity compared with SBM. In addition, the two by-products showed different specificity for the binary-mycotoxin system, with SBM having higher affinity towards ZEA than AFB1 (Kf = 0.418 and 1/n = 0.213 vs. Kf = 0.217 and 1/n = 0.341) and GSM for AFB1 in comparison with ZEA (Kf = 0.367 and 1/n = 0.248 vs. Kf = 0.343 and 1/n = 0.264). In conclusion, this study suggests that GSM and SBM represent viable alternatives to commercial biosorbent products.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laurentiu Mihai Palade
- National Research Development Institute for Animal Biology and Nutrition, 077015 IBNA Balotesti, Romania; (M.I.D.); (D.E.M.); (M.C.R.); (I.T.)
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
13
|
El-Mekkawy HI, Al-Kahtani MA, Shati AA, Alshehri MA, Al-Doaiss AA, Elmansi AA, Ahmed AE. Black tea and curcumin synergistically mitigate the hepatotoxicity and nephropathic changes induced by chronic exposure to aflatoxin-B1 in Sprague-Dawley rats. J Food Biochem 2020; 44:e13346. [PMID: 32602579 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.13346] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/25/2020] [Accepted: 05/28/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
The study aimed to clarify the characteristics of black tea (BTE) and/or curcumin (CMN) against aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1). Forty eight adult male Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into eight groups. G1 was non-treated control. G2, G3, and G4 were olive oil, BTE, and CMN, respectively. G5 was olive oil-dissolved AFB1 (25 µg/kg b.w). G6, G7, and G8 were AFB1 along with BTE (2%), CMN (200 mg/kg b.w.), and BTE plus CMN, respectively. All treatments were orally given for consecutive 90 days. After treatment period, rats were sacrificed. Serobiochemical analysis and histopathology showed hepatorenal dysfunction in response to AFB1. Glutathione-antioxidants were significantly decreased versus increased lipid peroxides (p < .05-.001). AFB1 significantly increased the expression of the antitumor p53, but decreased that of antiapoptotic Bcl2 in liver or kidney tissue, either (p < .05). BTE or CMN ameliorated those changes induced by AFB1 in both liver and kidney with highly pronounced improvement when combined BTE/CMN was used. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Black tea (BTE) and curcumin (CMN) were known for their antioxidant effects, and several studies reported their independent effects against different toxicities including aflatoxicosis. The current study clarifies the ameliorative characteristics of both agents; BTE and/or CMN, against the toxicity resulted from the chronic exposure to aflatoxin-B1 (AFB1) (25 µg/kg b.w. for consecutive 90 days). The dose of either agents, BTE or CMN, was 200 mg/kg b.w. along with AFB1. The pathologic changes, serobiochemical parameters, oxidative stress, histological changes, and the molecular disruption, induced by AFB1 in both liver and kidney were obviously and significantly ameliorated after BTE and/or CMN treatments in variable potencies where both agents showed the most effective antitoxic capacities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Haitham I El-Mekkawy
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Al-Kahtani
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Ali A Shati
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammed A Alshehri
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amin A Al-Doaiss
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Histology and Anatomy, Faculty of Medicine, Sana'a University, Sana'a, Republic of Yemen
| | - Ahmed A Elmansi
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Zoology, Faculty of Science, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Ezzat Ahmed
- Department of Biology, College of Science, King Khalid University, Abha, Saudi Arabia.,Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Peles F, Sipos P, Győri Z, Pfliegler WP, Giacometti F, Serraino A, Pagliuca G, Gazzotti T, Pócsi I. Adverse Effects, Transformation and Channeling of Aflatoxins Into Food Raw Materials in Livestock. Front Microbiol 2019; 10:2861. [PMID: 31921041 PMCID: PMC6917664 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2019.02861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxins are wide-spread harmful carcinogenic secondary metabolites produced by Aspergillus species, which cause serious feed and food contaminations and affect farm animals deleteriously with acute or chronic manifestations of mycotoxicoses. On farm, both pre-harvest and post-harvest strategies are applied to minimize the risk of aflatoxin contaminations in feeds. The great economic losses attributable to mycotoxin contaminations have initiated a plethora of research projects to develop new, effective technologies to prevent the highly toxic effects of these secondary metabolites on domestic animals and also to block the carry-over of these mycotoxins to humans through the food chain. Among other areas, this review summarizes the latest findings on the effects of silage production technologies and silage microbiota on aflatoxins, and it also discusses the current applications of probiotic organisms and microbial products in feeding technologies. After ingesting contaminated foodstuffs, aflatoxins are metabolized and biotransformed differently in various animals depending on their inherent and acquired physiological properties. These mycotoxins may cause primary aflatoxicoses with versatile, species-specific adverse effects, which are also dependent on the susceptibility of individual animals within a species, and will be a function of the dose and duration of aflatoxin exposures. The transfer of these undesired compounds from contaminated feed into food of animal origin and the aflatoxin residues present in foods become an additional risk to human health, leading to secondary aflatoxicoses. Considering the biological transformation of aflatoxins in livestock, this review summarizes (i) the metabolism of aflatoxins in different animal species, (ii) the deleterious effects of the mycotoxins and their derivatives on the animals, and (iii) the major risks to animal health in terms of the symptoms and consequences of acute or chronic aflatoxicoses, animal welfare and productivity. Furthermore, we traced the transformation and channeling of Aspergillus-derived mycotoxins into food raw materials, particularly in the case of aflatoxin contaminated milk, which represents the major route of human exposure among animal-derived foods. The early and reliable detection of aflatoxins in feed, forage and primary commodities is an increasingly important issue and, therefore, the newly developed, easy-to-use qualitative and quantitative aflatoxin analytical methods are also summarized in the review.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ferenc Peles
- Institute of Food Science, Faculty of Agricultural and Food Sciences and Environmental Management, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Péter Sipos
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Zoltán Győri
- Institute of Nutrition, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Walter P. Pfliegler
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| | - Federica Giacometti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Andrea Serraino
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Giampiero Pagliuca
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - Teresa Gazzotti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, University of Bologna, Bologna, Italy
| | - István Pócsi
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Microbiology, Institute of Biotechnology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Debrecen, Debrecen, Hungary
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Optimization of Baicalin, Wogonoside, and Chlorogenic Acid Water Extraction Process from the Roots of Scutellariae Radix and Lonicerae japonicae Flos Using Response Surface Methodology (RSM). Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7110854] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simultaneous water extraction process for baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic acid has been optimized. The effect of extraction temperature, extraction time, and liquid–solid ratio was scrutinized by single factor experiments and further analyzed by Box–Behnken design (BBD) approach using response surface methodology (RSM). The extraction yield of investigated compounds was determined by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). Single-factor experiments and response surface analysis results revealed that the optimized conditions are: Liquid to solid ratio 25:1 (mL/g), extraction temperature 93 °C, extraction time 2.4 h, and the extraction cycle two. Importantly, it has been noted that under the above conditions, concentrations of baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic were 0.078, 0.031, and 0.013 mg/mL, respectively, and the overall desirability (OD) value was 0.76 which was higher than the non-optimized conditions and the deviation from the predicted OD value was only 2.44%. Conclusively, it has been suggested that the model was stable and feasible, and fit for extraction of baicalin, wogonoside, and chlorogenic acid from Scutellariae Radix and Lonicerae (L.) japonicae Flos.
Collapse
|
16
|
Li H, Li S, Yang H, Wang Y, Wang J, Zheng N. l-Proline Alleviates Kidney Injury Caused by AFB1 and AFM1 through Regulating Excessive Apoptosis of Kidney Cells. Toxins (Basel) 2019; 11:toxins11040226. [PMID: 30995739 PMCID: PMC6521284 DOI: 10.3390/toxins11040226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2019] [Revised: 04/07/2019] [Accepted: 04/15/2019] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The toxicity and related mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) in the mouse kidney were studied, and the role of l-proline in alleviating kidney damage was investigated. In a 28-day toxicity mouse model, thirty mice were divided into six groups: control (without treatment), l-proline group (10 g/kg body weight (b.w.)), AFB1 group (0.5 mg/kg b.w.), AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg b.w.), AFB1 + l-proline group and AFM1 + l-proline group. Kidney index and biochemical indicators were detected, and pathological staining was observed. Using a human embryonic kidney 293 (HEK 293) cell model, cell apoptosis rate and apoptotic proteins expressions were detected. The results showed that AFB1 and AFM1 activated pathways related with oxidative stress and caused kidney injury; l-proline significantly alleviated abnormal expressions of biochemical parameters and pathological kidney damage, as well as excessive cell apoptosis in the AF-treated models. Moreover, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) was verified to regulate the levels of l-proline and downstream apoptotic factors (Bax, Bcl-2, and cleaved Caspase-3) compared with the control (p < 0.05). In conclusion, l-proline could protect mouse kidneys from AFB1 and AFM1 through alleviating oxidative damage and decreasing downstream apoptosis, which deserves further research and development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huiying Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Songli Li
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Huaigu Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Yizhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Jiaqi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| | - Nan Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Key Laboratory of Quality & Safety Control for Milk and Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
- Laboratory of Quality and Safety Risk Assessment for Dairy Products of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100193, China.
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Wang XH, Li W, Wang XH, Han MY, Muhammad I, Zhang XY, Sun XQ, Cui XX. Water-soluble substances of wheat: a potential preventer of aflatoxin B1-induced liver damage in broilers. Poult Sci 2019; 98:136-149. [PMID: 30107611 DOI: 10.3382/ps/pey358] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) is very harmful for broiler production and public health. The water-soluble castoff in gluten production, i.e., the water-soluble substances of wheat (WSW) that contains 14% pentosan has positive effect on animal nutrient absorption, immunity, and antioxidation. Our study aims to investigate the preventive effects of WSW against AFB1-induced broiler liver injury. One day-old Arbor Acres broilers were randomly separated to 4 groups and were, respectively, fed with control diet, diet with 5 mg/kg AFB1 standard, diet with 5 mg/kg AFB1 standard and 214 ml/kg WSW, and diet with 214 ml/kg WSW continuously for 28 d. The histopathological, ultra-structural, and serological changes were tested to evaluate liver damage. The hallmarks of hepatocellular autophagy, apoptosis, and inflammation were measured by Western Blot and real-time polymerase chain reaction. The content of AFB1 in chicken liver was detected with an ultra-high performance liquid chromatography linked with the fluorescence detection method. The results showed that (i) WSW restored AFB1-induced changes in serum biochemical parameters, and ameliorated histomorphological changes in hepatocytes, (ii) WSW reduced the content of AFB1 in chicken liver, (iii) WSW alleviated AFB1-induced autophagy inhibition by up-regulating hepatic LC3, beclin-1, and down-regulating hepatic mTOR and cytoplasmic P53 expressions, (iv) WSW alleviated AFB1-induced hepatocellular apoptosis via inhibiting pro-apoptotic gene expression (nuclear P53, Caspase3, Bax), and promoting anti-apoptotic gene expression (bcl-2), (v) WSW feeding ameliorated AFB1-induced liver inflammation via impeding TLR4/NF-${{\bf \kappa }}$B and IL-1/NF-${{\bf \kappa }}$B signaling pathways, down-regulating pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-1${{\bf \beta }}$, IL-6, and IL-8), and markedly up-regulating anti-inflammatory genes (IL-10 and HO-1). Conclusively, WSW is a potential preventer of AFB1-induced broiler liver damage by reducing the AFB1 content in liver, accelerating hepatocellular autophagy and inhibiting hepatocytes apoptosis and liver inflammation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xing-He Wang
- Department of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, No. 120, Dongling Road, Shenyang, P R China.,Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xing-Hui Wang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Mei-Yu Han
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiu-Ying Zhang
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiao-Qi Sun
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| | - Xiao-Xu Cui
- Department of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, No. 59, Mucai street, Harbin, P R China
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
The Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin B1 and Aflatoxin M1 on Kidney through Regulating L-Proline and Downstream Apoptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018. [PMID: 30159329 DOI: 10.1155/2018%2f9074861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The toxic effects and potential mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), and AFB1+AFM1 in the kidney were studied and compared in HEK 293 cells model and CD-1 mice model. The 35-day subacute toxicity mice model was constructed, biochemical indicators and kidney pathological staining were detected, kidney metabonomics detection was performed, and the metabolites were analyzed, and then the related toxicity mechanism was validated. Results showed that AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg), AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg), and AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg)+AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg) activated oxidative stress and caused renal damage. The relative concentration of the metabolite L-proline was found to be lower in aflatoxins treatment groups when compared with the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, with the treatment of aflatoxins, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and proapoptotic factors (Bax, Caspase-3) were upregulated, while the inhibitor of apoptosis Bcl-2 was downregulated, at both the mRNA and the protein levels, comparing with the control (P < 0.05). In addition, the combined effect of AFB1 and AFM1 was validated, for the toxicity of the combination was stronger than the other two groups. In conclusion, AFB1 and AFM1 caused kidney toxicity by activating oxidative stress through altering expression of PRODH and L-proline levels, which then induced downstream apoptosis.
Collapse
|
19
|
The Toxic Effects of Aflatoxin B1 and Aflatoxin M1 on Kidney through Regulating L-Proline and Downstream Apoptosis. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 2018:9074861. [PMID: 30159329 PMCID: PMC6109566 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9074861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Accepted: 07/25/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The toxic effects and potential mechanisms of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1), aflatoxin M1 (AFM1), and AFB1+AFM1 in the kidney were studied and compared in HEK 293 cells model and CD-1 mice model. The 35-day subacute toxicity mice model was constructed, biochemical indicators and kidney pathological staining were detected, kidney metabonomics detection was performed, and the metabolites were analyzed, and then the related toxicity mechanism was validated. Results showed that AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg), AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg), and AFB1 (0.5 mg/kg)+AFM1 (3.5 mg/kg) activated oxidative stress and caused renal damage. The relative concentration of the metabolite L-proline was found to be lower in aflatoxins treatment groups when compared with the control (P < 0.05). Moreover, with the treatment of aflatoxins, proline dehydrogenase (PRODH) and proapoptotic factors (Bax, Caspase-3) were upregulated, while the inhibitor of apoptosis Bcl-2 was downregulated, at both the mRNA and the protein levels, comparing with the control (P < 0.05). In addition, the combined effect of AFB1 and AFM1 was validated, for the toxicity of the combination was stronger than the other two groups. In conclusion, AFB1 and AFM1 caused kidney toxicity by activating oxidative stress through altering expression of PRODH and L-proline levels, which then induced downstream apoptosis.
Collapse
|
20
|
Wang X, Muhammad I, Sun X, Han M, Hamid S, Zhang X. Protective role of curcumin in ameliorating AFB 1-induced apoptosis via mitochondrial pathway in liver cells. Mol Biol Rep 2018; 45:881-891. [PMID: 29974318 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-018-4234-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Accepted: 06/29/2018] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
It is well documented that liver is the primary target organ of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and curcumin proved to be effective against AFB1-induced liver injury. In the present study, we investigated the preventive effects of curcumin against AFB1-induced apoptosis through the molecular regulation of p53, caspase-3, Bax, caspase-9, Bcl-2 and cytochrome-C associated with mitochondrial pathway. Liver antioxidant levels were measured. The hallmarks of apoptosis were analysed by methyl green-pyronin-Y staining, transmission electron microscopy, RT-PCR and western blot. Results revealed that dietary curcumin ameliorated AFB1-induced oxidative stress in a dose-dependent manner. Methyl green-pyronin-Y staining and transmission electron microscopy showed that AFB1 induced apoptosis and caused abnormal changes in liver cells morphology such as condensation of chromatin material, reduces cell volume and damaged mitochondria. Moreover, mRNA and protein expression results manifested that apoptosis associated genes showed up-regulation in AFB1 fed group. However, the supplementation of dietary curcumin (dose-dependently) alleviated the increased expression of the apoptosis associated genes at mRNA and protein level, and restored the hepatocytes normal morphology. The study provides an insight and a better understanding of the preventive mechanism of curcumin against AFB1-induced apoptosis in hepatocytes and provide scientific basis for the therapeutic uses of curcumin.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xinghe Wang
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, People's Republic of China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoqi Sun
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Meiyu Han
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Sattar Hamid
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Xiangfang District, Harbin, People's Republic of China.
- Department of Basic Veterinary Science, College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University, 600 Changjiang Road, Harbin, 150030, Heilongjiang, People's Republic of China.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Wang H, Li W, Muhammad I, Sun X, Cui X, Cheng P, Qayum A, Zhang X. Biochemical basis for the age-related sensitivity of broilers to aflatoxin B1. Toxicol Mech Methods 2018; 28:361-368. [PMID: 29327633 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2018.1428258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we investigated the mechanism underlying age-related susceptibility in broilers to aflatoxin B1 (AFB1). The results showed that AFB1 induced significant changes in serum alkaline phosphatase (ALP), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), gamma-glutamyl transferase (GGT) activity & liver superoxide dismutase (SOD), malonaldehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) and glutathione S-transferase (GST) activity at day 7, 21 and 42 relative to control group. However, AFB1-induced changes in serum biochemical parameters and liver antioxidant activities become less severe with increasing age of broilers. Particularly, liver cytosolic GST activity increases with the age of broilers, crucial for the detoxification of AFB1. The mRNA expression level of Cytochrome P450 (CYP) enzymes was significantly higher at day 7, and decreases at day 21 and 42. While, the mRNA expression level of liver GSTA3, GSTA4 and EPHX1 increases with age of broilers. Maximum AFB1 residues level was detected at day 42 relative to day 7 and 21. While, AFM1 residues level increases (p < 0.05) from day 7 to 21, but decreases (p > 0.05) at day 42. Most importantly, our data confirmed the efficient AFB1-bioactivation by CYP enzymes and deficient detoxification of GST enzymes at younger age (∼7-day old) compared to older age. In summary, the age-related changes particularly in phase-I and phase-II enzymes mainly responsible for AFB1 bioactivation and detoxification may be partially accountable for the increased susceptibility of younger broilers (∼7-day old) compared to older broilers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- He Wang
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Wei Li
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Ishfaq Muhammad
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Xiaoqi Sun
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Xiaoxu Cui
- b Changchun Dirui Medical Company Ltd , Changchun , PR China
| | - Ping Cheng
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Abdul Qayum
- c College of Food Science , Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| | - Xiuying Zhang
- a Heilongjiang Key Laboratory for Animal Disease Control and Pharmaceutical Development, Faculty of Basic Veterinary Science , College of Veterinary Medicine, Northeast Agricultural University , Harbin , PR China
| |
Collapse
|