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Rauf U, Shabir G, Bukhari S, Albericio F, Saeed A. Contemporary Developments in Ferrocene Chemistry: Physical, Chemical, Biological and Industrial Aspects. Molecules 2023; 28:5765. [PMID: 37570735 PMCID: PMC10420780 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28155765] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2023] [Revised: 07/26/2023] [Accepted: 07/26/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferrocenyl-based compounds have many applications in diverse scientific disciplines, including in polymer chemistry as redox dynamic polymers and dendrimers, in materials science as bioreceptors, and in pharmacology, biochemistry, electrochemistry, and nonlinear optics. Considering the horizon of ferrocene chemistry, we attempted to condense the neoteric advancements in the synthesis and applications of ferrocene derivatives reported in the literature from 2016 to date. This paper presents data on the progression of the synthesis of diverse classes of organic compounds having ferrocene scaffolds and recent developments in applications of ferrocene-based organometallic compounds, with a special focus on their biological, medicinal, bio-sensing, chemosensing, asymmetric catalysis, material, and industrial applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Umair Rauf
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Ghulam Shabir
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Saba Bukhari
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
| | - Fernando Albericio
- Peptide Science Laboratory, School of Chemistry and Physics, University of KwaZulu-Natal, Westville, Durban 4000, South Africa
- CIBER-BBN, Networking Centre on Bioengineering, Biomaterials and Nanomedicine, Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Barcelona, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Aamer Saeed
- Department of Chemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, Islamabad 45320, Pakistan; (U.R.); (G.S.); (S.B.)
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Zubair S, Badshah A, Patujo J, Khan M, Raheel A, Asghar F, Imtiaz S. New ferrocene integrated amphiphilic guanidines: Synthesis, spectroscopic elucidation, DFT calculation and in vitro α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibition combined with molecular docking approach. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14919. [PMID: 37064477 PMCID: PMC10102212 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Three N, N', N″-trisubstituted ferrocenyl guanidines (MG-10, MG-12 and MG-14) were synthesized, characterized by several analytical methods such as FT-IR, 1H and 13C NMR, elemental analysis and UV-visible spectroscopy. These compounds have long chain aliphatic groups therefore their aliphatic nature has been evaluated by determining their critical micelle concentration (CMC). CMC point decreases from 0.036 mM to 0.013 mM with increase in the aliphatic chain length. The quantum mechanical parameters such as the energy of frontier molecular orbitals (EHOMO and ELUMO) and the Mulliken charge distribution on the optimized structures were determined using a DFT/B3LYP method combined with the 6-31G (d,p) basis set in the gas phase. The in vitro antidiabetic activity of synthesized compounds showed that MG-12 has IC50value 23.10 μg/mL against α-amylase while MG-10 has IC50value 27.32 μg/mL against α-glucosidase with the respective standard Acarbose (IC50value 20.12 μg/mL). Theoretical docking analysis demonstrated that MG-10 and MG-12 interacted with α-amylase by 3 types of interaction, including hydrogen bonds, hydrophobic interactions and electrostatic interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shumaila Zubair
- Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Corresponding author. Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Amin Badshah
- Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
- Corresponding author.
| | - Jahangeer Patujo
- Institute of Chemistry, Shah Abdul Latif University, Khairpur, Pakistan
| | - Mehmand Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, Quaid-I-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Ahmad Raheel
- Coordination Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Quaid-i-Azam University, 45320, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Faiza Asghar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Wah, Quaid Avenue, Wah, 47000, Pakistan
| | - Shamila Imtiaz
- Pakistan Institute of Nuclear Science and Technology, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Abbas G, Usman M, Salman ZE, Wadood A, Halim SA, Shams S, Ullah MS, Al-Harrasi A. Biological evaluation and in silico molecular docking studies of newly synthesized homoleptic and heteroleptic Cd(II) carboxylates. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.133991] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Azmatullah S, Khan AU, Qazi NG, Nadeem H, Irshad N. Pharmacological evaluation of newly synthesized organotin IV complex for antiulcer potential. BMC Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 23:58. [PMID: 35906691 PMCID: PMC9335977 DOI: 10.1186/s40360-022-00596-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 07/12/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study aims to investigate the newly synthesized organotin (IV) complex (2E, 2′E) dibutylstannanediyl bis (4-(4-nitrophenyl) amino)-4-oxobut-2-enoate (DTN) for its anti-ulcer potential. Characterization performed by carbon nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy proved that all values are in the expected ranges of the new compound. Gastroprotective activity of DTN was evaluated through in-silico, anti-H. pylori, in-vitro, in-vivo, and ex-vivo proteomic analysis. In-silico analysis shows that DTN possess stable binding with protein targets involved in gastric ulcer pathophysiology. DTN exhibited an inhibitory effect against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl, H. pylori and hydrogen potassium ATPase (H+/K+-ATPase). The antiulcer activity was performed using an ethanol-induced gastric ulcer model in rats. Anti-oxidant profile of DTN showed a significant increase in glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione and catalase levels whereas lipid peroxidation levels were reduced. Histopathological findings confirmed that DTN protected the gastric mucosa of rats. Inflammatory markers tumor necrosis factor-alpha, nuclear factor kappa B, cyclooxygenase-2, interleukin 6 and interleukin-1β were reduced and prostaglandin-E2 restored expression of these cytokines in DTN pretreated animals when analyzed by using immunohistochemistry, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay and western blot techniques. In real-time polymerase chain reaction technique, the expression of H+/K+-ATPase was downregulated in DTN pretreated group. DTN did not cause any mortality up to 400 mg/Kg. This study indicates that the newly synthesized compound DTN, possess stable binding against selected targets. DTN exhibits a gastro-protective effect, mediated via anti-H. pylori, H+/K+-ATPase inhibition, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory pathways, exploring its therapeutic potential in gastric ulcer management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Syed Azmatullah
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Arif-Ullah Khan
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan.
| | - Neelam Gul Qazi
- Department of Pharmacology, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Humaira Nadeem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Nadeem Irshad
- Department of Pharmacy, Quaid i Azam University, Islamabad, Pakistan
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Targeting human Glucokinase for the treatment of type 2 diabetes: an overview of allosteric Glucokinase activators. J Diabetes Metab Disord 2022; 21:1129-1137. [PMID: 35673438 PMCID: PMC9167346 DOI: 10.1007/s40200-022-01019-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a worldwide impacting disorder and the ratio through which the number of diabetic patients had increased worldwide, puts medical professionals to serious stress for its effective management. Due to its polygenic origin and involvement of multiple genes to its pathophysiology, leads to understanding of this ailment more complex. It seems that current interventions, such as dietary changes, life style changes and drug therapy such as oral hypoglycaemics and insulin, are unable to halt the trend. There are various novel and emerging targets on which the researchers are paying attention to combat with this ailment successfully. Human glucokinase (GK) enzyme is one of these novel and emerging targets for management of diabetes. Its availability in the pancreas and liver cells makes this target more lucrative. GK's presence in the pancreatic and hepatic cells plays a very important function for the management of glucose homoeostasis. Small molecules that activate GK allosterically provide an alternative strategy for restoring/improving glycaemic regulation, especially in type 2 diabetic patients. Although after enduring many setbacks in the development of the GK activators, interest has been renewed especially due to introduction of novel dual acting GK activator dorzagliatin, and a novel hepato-selective GK activator, TTP399. This review article has been formulated to discuss importance of GK in glucose homeostasis, recent updates on small molecules of GK activators, clinical status of GK activators and challenges in development of GK activators.
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Ferrocene-functionalized anilines as potent anticancer and antidiabetic agents: Synthesis, spectroscopic elucidation, and DFT calculations. J Mol Struct 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.131632] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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Akinyede KA, Oyewusi HA, Hughes GD, Ekpo OE, Oguntibeju OO. In Vitro Evaluation of the Anti-Diabetic Potential of Aqueous Acetone Helichrysum petiolare Extract (AAHPE) with Molecular Docking Relevance in Diabetes Mellitus. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 27:molecules27010155. [PMID: 35011387 PMCID: PMC8746515 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27010155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic metabolic condition that can lead to significant complications and a high fatality rate worldwide. Efforts are ramping up to find and develop novel α-glucosidase and α-amylase inhibitors that are both effective and potentially safe. Traditional methodologies are being replaced with new techniques that are less complicated and less time demanding; yet, both the experimental and computational strategies are viable and complementary in drug discovery and development. As a result, this study was conducted to investigate the in vitro anti-diabetic potential of aqueous acetone Helichrysum petiolare and B.L Burtt extract (AAHPE) using a 2-NBDG, 2-(N-(7-Nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxy-d-glucose uptake assay. In addition, we performed molecular docking of the flavonoid constituents identified and quantified by liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) from AAHPE with the potential to serve as effective and safe α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors, which are important in drug discovery and development. The results showed that AAHPE is a potential inhibitor of both α-amylase and α-glucosidase, with IC50 values of 46.50 ± 6.17 (µg/mL) and 37.81 ± 5.15 (µg/mL), respectively. This is demonstrated by a significant increase in the glucose uptake activity percentage in a concentration-dependent manner compared to the control, with the highest AAHPE concentration of 75 µg/mL of glucose uptake activity being higher than metformin, a standard anti-diabetic drug, in the insulin-resistant HepG2 cell line. The molecular docking results displayed that the constituents strongly bind α-amylase and α-glucosidase while achieving better binding affinities that ranged from ΔG = -7.2 to -9.6 kcal/mol (compared with acarbose ΔG = -6.1 kcal/mol) for α-amylase, and ΔG = -7.3 to -9.0 kcal/mol (compared with acarbose ΔG = -6.3 kcal/mol) for α-glucosidase. This study revealed the potential use of the H. petiolare plant extract and its phytochemicals, which could be explored to develop potent and safe α-amylase and α-glucosidase inhibitors to treat postprandial glycemic levels in diabetic patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kolajo Adedamola Akinyede
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic P.M.B.5351, Ado Ekiti 360231, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Correspondence: (K.A.A.); (O.O.O.); Tel.: +27-839-612-040 (K.A.A.); +27-219-538-495 (O.O.O.)
| | - Habeebat Adekilekun Oyewusi
- Biochemistry Unit, Department of Science Technology, The Federal Polytechnic P.M.B.5351, Ado Ekiti 360231, Ekiti State, Nigeria;
- Department of Biosciences, Faculty of Science, Universiti Teknologi Malaysia, UTM, Johor Bahru 81310, Johor, Malaysia
| | - Gail Denise Hughes
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
| | - Okobi Eko Ekpo
- Department of Medical Bioscience, University of the Western Cape, Bellville, Cape Town 7530, South Africa; (G.D.H.); (O.E.E.)
- Department of Anatomy and Cellular Biology, College of Medicine and Health Sciences, Khalifa University, Abu Dhabi P.O. Box 127788, United Arab Emirates
| | - Oluwafemi Omoniyi Oguntibeju
- Phytomedicine and Phytochemistry Group, Oxidative Stress Research Centre, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Health and Wellness Sciences, Cape Peninsula University of Technology, P.O. Box 1906, Bellville 7535, South Africa
- Correspondence: (K.A.A.); (O.O.O.); Tel.: +27-839-612-040 (K.A.A.); +27-219-538-495 (O.O.O.)
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In Vitro Alpha-Amylase and Alpha-Glucosidase Inhibitory Activity and In Vivo Antidiabetic Activity of Withania frutescens L. Foliar Extract. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26020293. [PMID: 33430115 PMCID: PMC7826620 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26020293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/01/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Withania frutescens L. is a wild perennial woody plant used by the local population for diverse therapeutic purposes. This work aims to study for the first time the potential inhibitory effect of this plant hydroethanolic extract on α-amylase and α-glucosidase activities using in vitro methods and its antidiabetic and antihyperglycemic activities using alloxan-induced diabetic mice as a model for experimental diabetes. Two doses were selected for the in vivo study (200 and 400 mg/kg) and glibenclamide, a well-known antidiabetic drug (positive control) in a subacute study (28 days) where the antihyperglycemic activity was also assessed over a period of 12 h on diabetic mice. The continuous treatment of diabetic mice with the extract of Withania frutescens for 4 weeks succeeded to slowly manage their high fasting blood glucose levels (after two weeks), while the antihyperglycemic test result revealed that the extract of this plant did not control hyperglycemia in the short term. No toxicity signs or death were noted for the groups treated with the plant extract, and it shows a protective effect on the liver and kidney. The in vitro assays demonstrated that the inhibition of alpha-amylase and alpha-glucosidase might be one of the mechanisms of action exhibited by the extract of this plant to control and prevent postprandial hyperglycemia. This work indicates that W. frutescens have an important long term antidiabetic effect that can be well established to treat diabetes.
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Grewal AS, Lather V, Charaya N, Sharma N, Singh S, Kairys V. Recent Developments in Medicinal Chemistry of Allosteric Activators of Human Glucokinase for Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Therapeutics. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2510-2552. [PMID: 32286938 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200414163148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/10/2019] [Accepted: 04/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Glucokinase (GK), a cytoplasmic enzyme catalyzes the metabolism of glucose to glucose- 6-phosphate with the help of ATP and aids in the controlling of blood glucose levels within the normal range in humans. In pancreatic β-cells, it plays a chief role by controlling the glucose-stimulated secretion of insulin and in liver hepatocyte cells, it controls the metabolism of carbohydrates. GK acts as a promising drug target for the pharmacological treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) as it plays an important role in the control of carbohydrate metabolism. METHODS Data used for this review was based on the search from several science databases as well as various patent databases. The main data search terms used were allosteric GK activators, diabetes mellitus, type 2 diabetes, glucokinase, glucokinase activators and human glucokinase. RESULTS This article discusses an overview of T2DM, the biology of GK, the role of GK in T2DM, recent updates in the development of small molecule GK activators reported in recent literature, mechanism of action of GK activators and their clinical status. CONCLUSION GK activators are the novel class of pharmacological agents that enhance the catalytic activity of GK enzyme and display their antihyperglycemic effects. Broad diversity of chemical entities including benzamide analogues, carboxamides, acrylamides, benzimidazoles, quinazolines, thiazoles, pyrimidines, pyridines, orotic acid amides, amino acid derivatives, amino phosphates and urea derivatives have been synthesized in past two decades as potent allosteric activators of GK. Presently, the pharmaceutical companies and researchers are focusing on the design and development of liver-selective GK activators for preventing the possible adverse effects associated with GK activators for the long-term treatment of T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajmer S Grewal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Viney Lather
- Amity Institute of Pharmacy, Amity University, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Neha Charaya
- Jan Nayak Ch. Devi Lal Memorial College of Pharmacy, Haryana, India
| | - Neelam Sharma
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Punjab, India
| | - Visvaldas Kairys
- Department of Bioinformatics, Institute of Biotechnology, Vilnius University, Vilnius, Lithuania
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Assessing the biological potential of new symmetrical ferrocene based bisthiourea analogues. Bioorg Chem 2020; 106:104180. [PMID: 33276979 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2020.104180] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
In the present work synthesis and characterization of five new bisferrocenyl bisthiourea analogues (G2M, S2M, G3F, G4F and T2M) is reported. UV-Visible and electrochemical studies were performed in order to have optical (absorption maximum, Molar absorption coefficient and optical band gap) and electrochemical parameters (Oxidation/reduction potentials and nature of the electrochemical process) of the compounds. In vitro various biological studies such as antibacterial, antifungal, anti-oxidant and antidiabetic activities were carried out to have comparative overview of the phermacochemical strength of the newly synthesized compounds. Similarly, theoretical analysis was accomplished utilizing density functional theory calculations. DFT/B3LYP (6-31G d, p) technique was used. With a view to explore the structure activity relationship (SAR) of the compounds theoretical docking analysis (against α-amylase, α-glucosidase) was also performed to have pictorial view and understanding of the actual interactions responsible for the activity. S2M displayed best antibacterial activity. Similarly, Antifungal and antidiabetic activities showed G3F as a best candidate, whereas T2M proved to be the best antioxidant agent.
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Sarwar S, Amed T, Qazi NG, Yu JQ, Huq F. Prospects of Wedelolactone as a Chemotherapeutic Agent in Gynecological Cancers; Clue From its In Vitro and In Silico Investigation. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2019; 16:365-375. [PMID: 31749430 DOI: 10.2174/1573409915666191015113134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 07/29/2019] [Accepted: 09/30/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Identification and development of new drug candidates to be used singly or in combination therapy is critical in anticancer research. In recent years, accumulating evidence encouraged us to investigate the anti-proliferative effects of a small and emerging phytochemical Wedelolactone (WDL) in estrogen-dependent and independent multiple gynecological tumor models. OBJECTIVE The aim of this study was to investigate the growth inhibitory effect of WDL on estrogen- dependent and independent gynecological cell lines and to explore its inhibitory potential towards key targets through in silico study. METHODS Cytotoxicity of WDL was investigated in human breast and ovarian cancer cell lines (MCF-7 and SKOV3) through 3-(4,5-Dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2, 5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide (MTT) reduction assay. Epigallocatechingallate (EGCG) was used as reference natural compound while cisplatin was taken as a standard clinical agent. Both WDL and EGCG in combination with cisplatin were also evaluated for their combined growth inhibitory potential in MCF-7 cells. WDL was also evaluated in silico against key factors including braf kinases, CDPK, ERα, aromatase, topoisomerase II and dihydrofolate reductase (DHFR) playing pivotal roles in driving multiple tumors. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The IC50 value of WDL was 25.77 ± 4.82 μM and 33.64 ± 1.45 μM in MCF-7 and SKOV-3 respectively. The binding energy order was as follows; WDL: DHFR >Braf kinases > CDPK; aromatase > topoisomerase II> ERα > NFkB > alkaline phosphatase; EGCG dihydrofolatereductase (DHFR) > aromatase >CDPK > topoisomerase II > braf kinases > alkaline phosphatase > CDPK > ERα > NFkB. CONCLUSION We identified WDL as a cytotoxic agent in breast and ovarian tumor models with the potential to inhibit multiple targets in the oncogenic pathway including estrogen receptor ERα, as depicted through its in silico study. Based on our own research findings and from literature evidence, we conclude that further research should be encouraged to investigate different aspects of wedelolactone as an additional agent to be combined with antiestrogen/endocrine therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Sarwar
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, NSW, Australia
| | - Tauqeer Amed
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Neelum Gul Qazi
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University, Islamabad, Pakistan
| | - Jun Qing Yu
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, NSW, Australia
| | - Fazlul Huq
- Discipline of Biomedical Sciences, Sydney Medical School, The University of Sydney, Cumberland Campus, NSW, Australia
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Adil S, Khan AU, Badshah H, Asghar F, Usman M, Badshah A, Ali S. In silico and in vivo investigation of ferrocene-incorporated acyl ureas and homoleptic cadmium carboxylate derivatives for anticonvulsant, anxiolytic, and sedative potential. Drug Dev Res 2018; 79:184-197. [DOI: 10.1002/ddr.21435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2018] [Revised: 04/30/2018] [Accepted: 05/17/2018] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sadia Adil
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Arif-ullah Khan
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Haroon Badshah
- Riphah Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Riphah International University; Islamabad Pakistan
- Department of Pharmacy; Abdul Wali Khan University; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Faiza Asghar
- Department of Chemistry; University of Wah Wah; Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid e Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Amin Badshah
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid e Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
| | - Saqib Ali
- Department of Chemistry; Quaid e Azam University; Islamabad Pakistan
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