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Al-Zuhairy SAS, Teaima MH, Shoman NA, Elasaly M, El-Nabarawi MA, El-Sawy HS. PEGylated Tween 80-functionalized chitosan-lipidic nano-vesicular hybrids for heightening nose-to-brain delivery and bioavailability of metoclopramide. Drug Deliv 2023; 30:2189112. [PMID: 36916128 DOI: 10.1080/10717544.2023.2189112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
A PEGylated Tween 80-functionalized chitosan-lipidic (PEG-T-Chito-Lip) nano-vesicular hybrid was developed for intranasal administration as an alternative delivery route to help improve the poor oral bioavailability of BCS class-III model/antiemetic (metoclopramide hydrochloride; MTC). The influence of varying levels of chitosan, cholesterol, PEG 600, and Tween 80 on the stability/release parameters of the formulated nanovesicles was optimized using Draper-Lin Design. Two optimized formulations (Opti-Max and Opti-Min) with both maximized and minimized MTC-release goals, were predicted, characterized, and proved their vesicular outline via light/electron microscopy, along with the mutual prompt/extended in-vitro release patterns. The dual-optimized MTC-loaded PEG-T-Chito-Lip nanovesicles were loaded in intranasal in-situ gel (ISG) and further underwent in-vivo pharmacokinetics/nose-to-brain delivery valuation on Sprague-Dawley rats. The absorption profiles in plasma (plasma-AUC0-∞) of the intranasal dual-optimized MTC-loaded nano-vesicular ISG formulation in pretreated rats were 2.95-fold and 1.64-fold more than rats pretreated with orally administered MTC and intranasally administered raw MTC-loaded ISG formulation, respectively. Interestingly, the brain-AUC0-∞ of the intranasal dual-optimized MTC-loaded ISG was 10 and 3 times more than brain-AUC0-∞ of the MTC-oral tablet and the intranasal raw MTC-loaded ISG, respectively. It was also revealed that the intranasal dual-optimized ISG significantly had the lowest liver-AUC0-∞ (862.19 ng.g-1.h-1) versus the MTC-oral tablet (5732.17 ng.g-1.h-1) and the intranasal raw MTC-loaded ISG (1799.69 ng.g-1.h-1). The brain/blood ratio profile for the intranasal dual-optimized ISG was significantly enhanced over all other MTC formulations (P < 0.05). Moreover, the 198.55% drug targeting efficiency, 75.26% nose-to-brain direct transport percentage, and 4.06 drug targeting index of the dual-optimized formulation were significantly higher than those of the raw MTC-loaded ISG formulation. The performance of the dual-optimized PEG-T-Chito-Lip nano-vesicular hybrids for intranasal administration evidenced MTC-improved bioavailability, circumvented hepatic metabolism, and enhanced brain targetability, with increased potentiality in heightening the convenience and compliance for patients.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Mahmoud H Teaima
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Nabil A Shoman
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ahram Canadian University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Elasaly
- Pharmaceutical Inspection Department, Medical Service Sector, Ministry of Interior, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed A El-Nabarawi
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Industrial Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Hossam S El-Sawy
- Department of Pharmaceutics and Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Egyptian Russian University, Cairo, Egypt
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2
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Murakami T, Bodor E, Bodor N. Approaching strategy to increase the oral bioavailability of berberine, a quaternary ammonium isoquinoline alkaloid: Part 2. Development of oral dosage formulations. Expert Opin Drug Metab Toxicol 2023; 19:139-148. [PMID: 37060323 DOI: 10.1080/17425255.2023.2203858] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Berberine (BBR) possesses a wide variety of pharmacological activities. However, the oral bioavailability of BBR is low due to extensive intestinal first-pass metabolism by cytochrome P450s (CYPs), insufficient absorption due to low solubility and P-glycoprotein (P-gp)-mediated efflux transport, and hepatic first-pass metabolism in rats. AREAS COVERED Various dosage formulations were developed to increase the oral bioavailability of BBR by overcoming the reducing factors. This article provides the developing strategy of oral dosage formulations of BBR based on the physicochemical (low solubility, formation of salts/ion-pair complex) and pharmacokinetic properties (substrate of P-gp/CYPs, extensive intestinal first-pass metabolism). Literature was searched by using PubMed. EXPERT OPINION Here, formulations increasing the dissolution rates/solubility; formulations containing a P-gp inhibitor; formulations containing solubilizer exhibiting P-gp and/or CYPs inhibitors; formulations containing absorption enhancers; gastro/duodenal retentive formulations; lipid-based formulations; formulations targeting lymphatic transport; and physicochemical modifications increasing lipophilicity were reviewed. Among these formulations, formulations that can reduce intestinal first-pass metabolisms such as formulations containing CYPs inhibitor(s) and formulations containing absorption enhancer(s) significantly increased the oral bioavailability of BBR. Further studies on other dosing routes that can avoid first-pass metabolism such as the rectal route would also be important to increase the bioavailability of BBR.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Erik Bodor
- Bodor Laboratories Inc, Miami, Florida33137, USA
| | - Nicholas Bodor
- Bodor Laboratories Inc, Miami, Florida33137, USA
- College of Pharmacy, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida32611, USA
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3
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Ding D, Shen X, Yu L, Zheng Y, Liu Y, Wang W, Liu L, Zhao Z, Nian S, Liu L. Timosaponin BII inhibits TGF-β mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition through Smad-dependent pathway during pulmonary fibrosis. Phytother Res 2023. [PMID: 36807664 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7774] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2022] [Revised: 11/11/2022] [Accepted: 12/11/2022] [Indexed: 02/20/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary fibrosis (PF) is a progressive and fatal interstitial lung disease with limited therapeutic options at present, and epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is recognized as a major cause of lung fibrosis. Our previous work has confirmed that total extract of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge [Asparagaceae] exerted the effect of anti-PF. As a main constituent of Anemarrhena asphodeloides Bunge [Asparagaceae], the effect of timosaponin BII (TS BII) on drug-induced EMT process in PF animals and alveolar epithelial cells remains unknown. In this study, we evaluated the effect of TS BII on bleomycin (BLM)-induced PF. The results showed that TS BII could restore the structure of lung architecture and MMP-9/TIMP-1 balance in fibrotic rat lung and inhibit collagen deposition. Moreover, we found that TS BII could reverse the abnormal expression of TGF-β1 and EMT-related marker proteins including E-cadherin, vimentin, and α-SMA. Besides, aberrant TGF-β1 expression and phosphorylation of Smad2 and Smad3 in BLM-induced animal model and TGF-β1-induced cell model were downregulated by TS BII treatment, indicating that EMT in fibrosis was suppressed by inhibition of TGF-β/Smad pathway both in vivo and in vitro. In summary, our study suggested that TS BII could be a promising candidate for PF treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dali Ding
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Pharmacy Department, The PLA Navy Anqing Hospital, Anqing, China
| | - Xuebin Shen
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Lizhen Yu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yueyue Zheng
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Yao Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Wei Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Li Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Zitong Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Sihui Nian
- School of Pharmacy, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Institute of Modern Chinese Medicine, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China.,Anhui Provincial Engineering Laboratory for Screening and Re-evaluation of Active Compounds of Herbal Medicines in Southern Anhui, Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, China
| | - Limin Liu
- School of Pharmacy, Anhui College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Wuhu, China
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4
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Lu M, Wang Y, Jiang Y, Zhang C, Wang H, Sha W, Chen L, Lei T, Liu L. Berberine inhibits gluconeogenesis in spontaneous diabetic rats by regulating the AKT/MAPK/NO/cGMP/PKG signaling pathway. Mol Cell Biochem 2023:10.1007/s11010-022-04604-z. [PMID: 36598615 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-022-04604-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This work was aimed to investigate the action mechanism of berberine (BBR) on gluconeogenesis. The effects of BBR were examined in rat primary hepatocytes and confirmed in vivo in spontaneous diabetic rats. Protein levels were assessed by Western blot. Immunofluorescence staining was utilized for visualizing protein expression, while qRT-PCR helped for the determination of gene expression at the mRNA level. Besides, cGMP concentration was measured using ELISA, whereas NO level was assessed by spectrophotometry. BBR inhibited gluconeogenesis by downregulating G6Pase and PEPCK via inhibition of CREB phosphorylation. Moreover, BBR enhanced NO and cGMP concentrations, leading to the activation of the NO/cGMP/PKG signaling via activating AKT1/MAPK axis. The in vivo experiments were consistent with the findings obtained in vitro. Hence, BBR represents a drug candidate for diabetic patients and its mechanism of action may be driven via the AKT/MAPK/NO/cGMP/PKG pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Lu
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.,Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Putuo District Liqun Hospital, 910 Taopu Road, Shanghai, 200333, China
| | - Yanpeng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China
| | - Yuanye Jiang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Cuiping Zhang
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Hongping Wang
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Wenjun Sha
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Lin Chen
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China
| | - Tao Lei
- Department of Endocrinology Metabolism, Putuo Hospital, Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 164 Lanxi Road, Shanghai, 200062, China.
| | - Limei Liu
- Department of Endocrinology & Metabolism, Shanghai Diabetes Institute, Shanghai Sixth People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 600 Yishan Road, Shanghai, 200233, China.
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5
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Lu Y, Li Z, Zhang S, Zhang T, Liu Y, Zhang L. Cellular mitophagy: Mechanism, roles in diseases and small molecule pharmacological regulation. Theranostics 2023; 13:736-766. [PMID: 36632220 PMCID: PMC9830443 DOI: 10.7150/thno.79876] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 75.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Accepted: 12/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cellular mitophagy means that cells selectively wrap and degrade damaged mitochondria through an autophagy mechanism, thus maintaining mitochondria and intracellular homeostasis. In recent years, mitophagy has received increasing attention as a research hotspot related to the pathogenesis of clinical diseases, such as neurodegenerative diseases, cardiovascular diseases, cancer, metabolic diseases, and so on. It has been found that the regulation of mitophagy may become a new direction for the treatment of some diseases. In addition, numerous small molecule modulators of mitophagy have also been reported, which provides new opportunities to comprehend the procedure and potential of therapeutic development. Taken together, in this review, we summarize current understanding of the mechanism of mitophagy, discuss the roles of mitophagy and its relationship with diseases, introduce the existing small-molecule pharmacological modulators of mitophagy and further highlight the significance of their development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Lu
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Zhijia Li
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Shuangqian Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Tongtong Zhang
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yanjun Liu
- The Center of Gastrointestinal and Minimally Invasive Surgery, Department of General Surgery, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China,Medical Research Center, The Third People's Hospital of Chengdu, The Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Yanjun Liu, E-mail: ; Lan Zhang, E-mail:
| | - Lan Zhang
- Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Biomimetic Synthesis of Natural Drugs, School of Life Science and Engineering, Southwest Jiaotong University, Chengdu 610031, China,✉ Corresponding authors: Yanjun Liu, E-mail: ; Lan Zhang, E-mail:
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6
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Cui XY, Wu X, Lu D, Wang D. Network pharmacology-based strategy for predicting therapy targets of Sanqi and Huangjing in diabetes mellitus. World J Clin Cases 2022; 10:6900-6914. [PMID: 36051114 PMCID: PMC9297423 DOI: 10.12998/wjcc.v10.i20.6900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 04/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND A comprehensive literature search shows that Sanqi and Huangjing (SQHJ) can improve diabetes treatment in vivo and in vitro, respectively. However, the combined effects of SQHJ on diabetes mellitus (DM) are still unclear.
AIM To explore the potential mechanism of Panax notoginseng (Sanqi in Chinese) and Polygonati Rhizoma (Huangjing in Chinese) for the treatment of DM using network pharmacology.
METHODS The active components of SQHJ and targets were predicted and screened by network pharmacology through oral bioavailability and drug-likeness filtration using the Traditional Chinese Medicine Systems Pharmacology Analysis Platform database. The potential targets for the treatment of DM were identified according to the DisGeNET database. A comparative analysis was performed to investigate the overlapping genes between active component targets and DM treatment-related targets. We constructed networks of the active component-target and target pathways of SQHJ using Cytoscape software and then analyzed the gene functions. Using the STRING database to perform an interaction analysis among overlapping genes and a topological analysis, the interactions between potential targets were identified. Gene Ontology (GO) function analyses and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes enrichment analyses were conducted in DAVID.
RESULTS We screened 18 active components from 157 SQHJ components, 187 potential targets for active components and 115 overlapping genes for active components and DM. The network pharmacology analysis revealed that quercetin, beta-sitosterol, baicalein, etc. were the major active components. The mechanism underlying the SQHJ intervention effects in DM may involve nine core targets (TP53, AKT1, CASP3, TNF, interleukin-6, PTGS2, MMP9, JUN, and MAPK1). The screening and enrichment analysis revealed that the treatment of DM using SQHJ primarily involved 16 GO enriched terms and 13 related pathways.
CONCLUSION SQHJ treatment for DM targets TP53, AKT1, CASP3, and TNF and participates in pathways in leishmaniasis and cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Yan Cui
- Hebei Institute for Drug and Medical Device Control, Shijiazhuang 050011, Hebei Province, China
| | - Xiao Wu
- Department of Basic Medical, HE’s University, Shenyang 110163, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Lu
- College of Clinical, HE’s University, Shenyang 110163, Liaoning Province, China
| | - Dan Wang
- College of Human Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang 110102, Liaoning Province, China
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7
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Song XM, Li BJ, Zhang YY, Ge WJ, Zhang SF, Cui WF, Li GS, Liang RF. Rutaecarpine enhances the anti-diabetic activity and hepatic distribution of metformin via up-regulation of Oct1 in diabetic rats. Xenobiotica 2021; 51:818-830. [PMID: 33952086 DOI: 10.1080/00498254.2021.1926573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a chronic metabolic disorder with multiple complications, patients who receive metformin may have a simultaneous intake of herbal medicine containing rutaecarpine due to cardiovascular protection and hypolipidemic effects of rutaecarpine. There might be drug interactions between metformin and rutaecarpine. This study aimed to investigate the effects of rutaecarpine on the pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics of metformin in diabetic rats.The diabetic rat model was induced with high-fat diet and low dose streptozotocin. Metformin with or without rutaecarpine was administered by oral gavage for 42 days. Pharmacodynamics and pharmacokinetics parameters were evaluated.The pharmacodynamics results revealed that co-administration of rutaecarpine with metformin resulted in a remarkable reduction of serum glucose and lipid profiles in diabetic rats compared to metformin treated alone. The pharmacokinetics results showed that co-treatments of rutaecarpine with metformin did not affect the systemic exposure and renal distribution of metformin, but increased metformin concentration in liver. Furthermore, rutaecarpine increased Oct1-mediated metformin uptake into hepatocytes by upregulation of Oct1 expression in the liver.The above data indicate that rutaecarpine enhanced the anti-diabetic effect of metformin, which may be associated with the increased hepatic distribution of metformin through up-regulation of Oct1 in response to rutaecarpine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xian-Mei Song
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Bing-Jie Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Pharmacology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Yan-Yan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacology, Henan Medical College, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wen-Jing Ge
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Pharmacology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - She-Feng Zhang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Wei-Feng Cui
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Geng-Sheng Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
| | - Rui-Feng Liang
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, Henan Provincial Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China.,School of Pharmacology, Henan University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Zhengzhou, China
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8
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Dewanjee S, Chakraborty P, Mukherjee B, De Feo V. Plant-Based Antidiabetic Nanoformulations: The Emerging Paradigm for Effective Therapy. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E2217. [PMID: 32210082 PMCID: PMC7139625 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 03/10/2020] [Accepted: 03/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus is a life-threatening metabolic syndrome. Over the past few decades, the incidence of diabetes has climbed exponentially. Several therapeutic approaches have been undertaken, but the occurrence and risk still remain unabated. Several plant-derived small molecules have been proposed to be effective against diabetes and associated vascular complications via acting on several therapeutic targets. In addition, the biocompatibility of these phytochemicals increasingly enhances the interest of exploiting them as therapeutic negotiators. However, poor pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical attributes of these phytochemicals largely restrict their clinical usefulness as therapeutic agents. Several pharmaceutical attempts have been undertaken to enhance their compliance and therapeutic efficacy. In this regard, the application of nanotechnology has been proven to be the best approach to improve the compliance and clinical efficacy by overturning the pharmacokinetic and biopharmaceutical obstacles associated with the plant-derived antidiabetic agents. This review gives a comprehensive and up-to-date overview of the nanoformulations of phytochemicals in the management of diabetes and associated complications. The effects of nanosizing on pharmacokinetic, biopharmaceutical and therapeutic profiles of plant-derived small molecules, such as curcumin, resveratrol, naringenin, quercetin, apigenin, baicalin, luteolin, rosmarinic acid, berberine, gymnemic acid, emodin, scutellarin, catechins, thymoquinone, ferulic acid, stevioside, and others have been discussed comprehensively in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saikat Dewanjee
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Pratik Chakraborty
- Advanced Pharmacognosy Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Biswajit Mukherjee
- Pharmaceutics Research Laboratory, Department of Pharmaceutical Technology, Jadavpur University, Kolkata 700032, India;
| | - Vincenzo De Feo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, Italy
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9
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Effects of Plant and Animal Natural Products on Mitophagy. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:6969402. [PMID: 32308807 PMCID: PMC7086453 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6969402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2019] [Revised: 02/11/2020] [Accepted: 02/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
Mitophagy is a protected cellular process that is essential for autophagic removal of damaged mitochondria and for preservation of a healthy mitochondrial population. In the last years, a particular interest has been devoted in studying the effects of natural compounds on mitophagy. Different natural compounds may modulate mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation, the production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species, the expression of mitophagy- and autophagy-related genes, and the activities of transcription factors which regulate the expression of mitochondrial proteins, thereby controlling mitochondrial damage and mitophagy. Remarkably, since mitochondrial function has a crucial role in the pathogenesis of various diseases (e.g., cancer, atherosclerosis, Duchenne muscular dystrophy, diabetes complications, Alzheimer's disease, and hepatic steatosis), these effects might have important therapeutic implications. In this review, preclinical studies investigating the role of different natural compounds in the modulation of mitophagy will be discussed.
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10
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Belwal T, Bisht A, Devkota HP, Ullah H, Khan H, Pandey A, Bhatt ID, Echeverría J. Phytopharmacology and Clinical Updates of Berberis Species Against Diabetes and Other Metabolic Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:41. [PMID: 32132921 PMCID: PMC7040237 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.00041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The incidences of diabetic mellitus and other metabolic diseases such as hypertension and hyperlipidemia are increasing worldwide; however, the current treatment is not able to control the rapidly increasing trend in diabetes mortality and morbidity. Studies related to the effectiveness of extracts and pure compounds obtained from plants have shown promising responses in preclinical and clinical studies related to these metabolic diseases. Plants belonging to the genus Berberis (Family: Berberidaceae) are widely distributed with nearly 550 species worldwide. Extracts and compounds obtained from Berberis species, especially Berberine alkaloid, showed effectiveness in the management of diabetes and other metabolic diseases. Various pharmacological experiments have been performed to evaluate the effects of Berberis extracts, berberine, and its natural and chemically synthesized derivatives against various cell and animal disease models with promising results. Various clinical trials conducted so far also showed preventive effects of Berberis extracts and berberine against metabolic diseases. The present review focuses on i) research updates on traditional uses, ii) phytopharmacology and clinical studies on Berberis species, and iii) active metabolites in the prevention and treatment of diabetes and other metabolic diseases with a detailed mechanism of action. Furthermore, the review critically analyzes current research gaps in the therapeutic use of Berberis species and berberine and provides future recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tarun Belwal
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD), Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, India
| | - Aarti Bisht
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD), Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, India
| | - Hari Prasad Devkota
- Department of Instrumental Analysis, Graduate School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan.,Program for Leading Graduate Schools, Health Life Science: Interdisciplinary and Glocal Oriented (HIGO) Program, Kumamoto University, Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Hammad Ullah
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, Pakistan
| | - Aseesh Pandey
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G.B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development, Sikkim Regional Centre, Pangthang, Gangtok, India
| | - Indra Dutt Bhatt
- Centre for Biodiversity Conservation and Management, G. B. Pant National Institute of Himalayan Environment and Sustainable Development (GBPNIHESD), Kosi-Katarmal, Almora, India
| | - Javier Echeverría
- Department of Environmental Sciences, Faculty of Chemistry and Biology, Universidad de Santiago de Chile, Santiago, Chile
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11
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Zhong M, Tian X, Chen S, Chen M, Guo Z, Zhang M, Zheng G, Li Z, Shi Z, Wang G, Gao H, Liu F, Huang C. Identifying the active components of Baihe-Zhimu decoction that ameliorate depressive disease by an effective integrated strategy: a systemic pharmacokinetics study combined with classical depression model tests. Chin Med 2019; 14:37. [PMID: 31572489 PMCID: PMC6757420 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-019-0254-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Modern pharmacological studies have demonstrated that Baihe–Zhimu decoction (BZD) has antidepressant effects. However, the complex composition and lack of clear evaluation standards for BZD make it less likely to be understood and accepted than evidence-based active natural compounds. Methods In this study, an effective method for the identification of antidepressant components was demonstrated and applied to BZD. The first step was to evaluate the efficacy of BZD by the forced swimming test (FST) and the tail suspension test (TST), followed by successive quantitative analyses of the absorbed constituents at different stages, such as before hepatic disposition, liver distribution, after hepatic disposition and brain distribution after the oral administration of BZD. Finally, the compounds detected in the brain were confirmed by activity testing. Results Our investigation observed that timosaponin BII and timosaponin BIII were accurately determined in the brain after oral administration of BZD, and they were further confirmed to reduce the immobility time in the FST and TST. As described above, timosaponin BII and timosaponin BIII were used to scientifically and reasonably explain the effective chemical basis of the effect of BZD on depression. Conclusions This research affords an effective method to discover lead molecules for antidepressants from traditional Chinese medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Zhong
- 1College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 276826 People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaoting Tian
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Shuoji Chen
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Mingcang Chen
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Ziqiong Guo
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Minna Zhang
- 1College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 276826 People's Republic of China
| | - Gongpu Zheng
- 1College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 276826 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhixiong Li
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Zhangpeng Shi
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Guanghui Wang
- 1College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 276826 People's Republic of China
| | - Honggang Gao
- 1College of Pharmacy, Jining Medical University, Rizhao, 276826 People's Republic of China
| | - Fang Liu
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
| | - Chenggang Huang
- 2Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Science, Shanghai, 201203 People's Republic of China
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