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Fan L, Tong W, Wei A, Mu X. Progress of proteolysis-targeting chimeras (PROTACs) delivery system in tumor treatment. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133680. [PMID: 38971291 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 07/03/2024] [Indexed: 07/08/2024]
Abstract
Proteolysis targeting chimeras (PROTACs) can use the intrinsic protein degradation system in cells to degrade pathogenic target proteins, and are currently a revolutionary frontier of development strategy for tumor treatment with small molecules. However, the poor water solubility, low cellular permeability, and off-target side effects of most PROTACs have prevented them from passing the preclinical research stage of drug development. This requires the use of appropriate delivery systems to overcome these challenging hurdles and ensure precise delivery of PROTACs towards the tumor site. Therefore, the combination of PROTACs and multifunctional delivery systems will open up new research directions for targeted degradation of tumor proteins. In this review, we systematically reviewed the design principles and the most recent advances of various PROTACs delivery systems. Moreover, the constructive strategies for developing multifunctional PROTACs delivery systems were proposed comprehensively. This review aims to deepen the understanding of PROTACs drugs and promote the further development of PROTACs delivery system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lianlian Fan
- Department of Pharmacy, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China
| | - Weifang Tong
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The Second Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Anhui Wei
- Jilin University School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun 130021, China
| | - Xupeng Mu
- Scientific Research Center, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun 130033, China.
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2
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Zhang J, Guo T, Liu X, Guo S, Wang Y, Zhu B, Zhang M, Gao X, Wang J. Apoptin and apoptotic protease-activating factor 1 plasmid-assisted multi-functional nanoparticles in hepatocellular carcinoma therapy. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:126870. [PMID: 37703966 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.126870] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2023] [Revised: 08/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/15/2023]
Abstract
Cancer drugs usually have side effects in chemotherapy. Apoptin, a protein recognized by its good therapeutical effect on tumors and innocuous to body, is employed to treat hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). As our previous data shown, the efficiency of apoptin protein might be limited by the protein of apaf-1. Therefore, we designed the multi-functional nanoparticles (MFNPs) encapsulating apoptin and apaf-1 plasmids by layer-by layer assembly. The NPs could release drugs into tumor site specifically and had good compatibility to normal cells and tissues. The groups of biotin, ε-polylysine, and nuclear localization signal in MFNPs conferred NPs the capabilities to enter cancer cells specifically, escape lysosome and enter the nucleus, respectively. In vitro inhibition experiment and in vivo anti-tumor therapy confirmed MFNPs as an excellent carrier to treat HCC. In addition, the dual-drug system was superior to any of the single-drug system. The mechanism analysis proved that supplement of the protein of apaf-1 might enhance apoptosome formation, causing the increase of therapeutical efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiawei Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Tiantian Guo
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Xinyi Liu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Shuyue Guo
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Yao Wang
- Department of Diagnostic and Therapeutic Ultrasonography, Tianjin Medical University Cancer Institute and Hospital, National Clinical Research Center of Cancer, Key Laboratory of Cancer Prevention and Therapy, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin 300060, China
| | - Baokuan Zhu
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Meiling Zhang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Xiujun Gao
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China
| | - Jingyu Wang
- School of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin Medical University, 22 Qixiangtai Road, Tianjin 300070, China.
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3
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Tang B, Ma W, Lin Y. Emerging applications of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy. J Control Release 2023; 364:61-78. [PMID: 37871753 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2023] [Revised: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 10/16/2023] [Indexed: 10/25/2023]
Abstract
Angiogenesis is the process of generating new blood vessels from pre-existing vasculature. Under normal conditions, this process is delicately controlled by pro-angiogenic and anti-angiogenic factors. Tumor cells can produce plentiful pro-angiogenic molecules promoting pathological angiogenesis for uncontrollable growth. Therefore, anti-angiogenic therapy, which aims to inhibit tumor angiogenesis, has become an attractive approach for oncotherapy. However, classic anti-angiogenic agents have several limitations in clinical use, such as lack of specific targeting, low bioavailability, and poor therapeutic outcomes. Hence, alternative angiogenic inhibitors are highly desired. With the emergence of nanotechnology, various nanomaterials have been designed for anti-angiogenesis purposes, offering promising features like excellent targeting capabilities, reduced side effects, and enhanced therapeutic efficacy. In this review, we describe tumor vascular features, discuss current dilemma of traditional anti-angiogenic medicines in oncotherapy, and underline the potential of nanomaterials in tumor anti-angiogenic therapy. Moreover, we discuss the current challenges of anti-angiogenic cancer treatment. We expect that this summary of anti-angiogenic nanomaterials in oncotherapy will offer valuable insights, facilitating their extensive applications in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bicai Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China
| | - Wenjuan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases, National Center for Stomatology, National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China; Sichuan Provincial Engineering Research Center of Oral Biomaterials, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China; Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, PR China.
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4
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Ding Z, Xu B, Zhang H, Wang Z, Sun L, Tang M, Ding M, Zhang T, Shi S. Norcantharidin-Encapsulated C60-Modified Nanomicelles: A Potential Approach to Mitigate Cytotoxicity in Renal Cells and Simultaneously Enhance Anti-Tumor Activity in Hepatocellular Carcinoma Cells. Molecules 2023; 28:7609. [PMID: 38005331 PMCID: PMC10673410 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28227609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2023] [Revised: 11/03/2023] [Accepted: 11/11/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The objective of this study was to examine the preparation process of DSPE-PEG-C60/NCTD micelles and assess the impact of fullerenol (C60)-modified micelles on the nephrotoxicity and antitumor activity of NCTD. METHOD The micelles containing NCTD were prepared using the ultrasonic method and subsequently optimized and characterized. The cytotoxicity of micelles loaded with NCTD was assessed using the CCK-8 method on human hepatoma cell lines HepG2 and BEL-7402, as well as normal cell lines HK-2 and L02. Acridine orange/ethidium bromide (AO/EB) double staining and flow cytometry were employed to assess the impact of NCTD-loaded micelles on the apoptosis of the HK-2 cells and the HepG2 cells. Additionally, JC-1 fluorescence was utilized to quantify the alterations in mitochondrial membrane potential. The generation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) following micelle treatment was determined through 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFDA) staining. RESULTS The particle size distribution of the DSPE-PEG-C60/NCTD micelles was determined to be 91.57 nm (PDI = 0.231). The zeta potential of the micelles was found to be -13.8 mV. The encapsulation efficiency was measured to be 91.9%. The in vitro release behavior of the micelles followed the Higuchi equation. Cellular experiments demonstrated a notable decrease in the toxicity of the C60-modified micelles against the HK-2 cells, accompanied by an augmented inhibitory effect on cancer cells. Compared to the free NCTD group, the DSPE-PEG-C60 micelles exhibited a decreased apoptosis rate (12%) for the HK-2 cell line, lower than the apoptosis rate observed in the NCTD group (36%) at an NCTD concentration of 75 μM. The rate of apoptosis in the HepG2 cells exhibited a significant increase (49%), surpassing the apoptosis rate observed in the NCTD group (24%) at a concentration of 150 μM NCTD. The HK-2 cells exhibited a reduction in intracellular ROS and an increase in mitochondrial membrane potential (ΔψM) upon exposure to C60-modified micelles compared to the NCTD group. CONCLUSIONS The DSPE-PEG-C60/NCTD micelles, as prepared in this study, demonstrated the ability to decrease cytotoxicity and ROS levels in normal renal cells (HK-2) in vitro. Additionally, these micelles showed an enhanced antitumor activity against human hepatocellular carcinoma cells (HepG2, BEL-7402).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Senlin Shi
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou 311400, China; (Z.D.); (B.X.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.); (L.S.); (M.T.); (M.D.); (T.Z.)
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5
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Liang Y, Wang PY, Liu ZY, Sun HF, Wang Q, Sun GB, Zhang X, Li YJ, Xie SY. Dual Stimuli-Responsive Micelles for Imaging-Guided Mitochondrion-Targeted Photothermal/Photodynamic/Chemo Combination Therapy-Induced Immunogenic Cell Death. Int J Nanomedicine 2023; 18:4381-4402. [PMID: 37551273 PMCID: PMC10404442 DOI: 10.2147/ijn.s410047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 08/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction As the special modality of cell death, immunogenic cell death (ICD) could activate immune response. Phototherapy in combination with chemotherapy (CT) is a particularly efficient tumor ICD inducing method that could overcome the defects of monotherapies. Methods In this study, new dual stimuli-responsive micelles were designed and prepared for imaging-guided mitochondrion-targeted photothermal/photodynamic/CT combination therapy through inducing ICD. A dual-sensitive methoxy-polyethylene glycol-SS-poly(L-γ-glutamylglutamine)-SS-IR780 (mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780) polymer was synthesized by grafting IR780 with biodegradable di-carboxyl PGG as the backbone, and mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780/paclitaxel micelles (mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780/PTXL MCs) were synthesized by encapsulating PTXL in the hydrophobic core. Results In-vivo and -vitro results demonstrated that the three-mode combination micelles inhibited tumor growth and enhanced the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy. The dual stimuli-responsive mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780/PTXL MCs were able to facilitate tumor cell endocytosis of nanoparticles. They were also capable of promoting micelles disintegration and accelerating PTXL release. The mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780/PTXL MCs induced mitochondrial dysfunction by directly targeting the mitochondria, considering the thermo- and reactive oxygen species (ROS) sensitivity of the mitochondria. Furthermore, the mPEG-SS-PGG-SS-IR780/PTXL MCs could play the diagnostic and therapeutic roles via imaging capabilities. Conclusion In summary, this study formulated a high-efficiency nanoscale platform with great potential in combined therapy for tumors through ICD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Liang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, QingDao, ShanDong, 266071, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ping-Yu Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ze-Yun Liu
- School of International Studies, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Fang Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Qin Wang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Guang-Bin Sun
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xia Zhang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - You-Jie Li
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shu-Yang Xie
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Binzhou Medical University, YanTai, ShanDong, 264003, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Physiology and Pathophysiology, School of Basic Medicine, Qingdao University, QingDao, ShanDong, 266071, People’s Republic of China
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6
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Yuan C, Liu L, Tayier B, Ma T, Guan L, Mu Y, Li Y. Experimental study on the optimization of ANM33 release in foam cells. Open Life Sci 2023; 18:20220564. [PMID: 36852402 PMCID: PMC9961968 DOI: 10.1515/biol-2022-0564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2022] [Revised: 12/13/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2023] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the miR-33's mechanistic relationships with multiple etiological factors in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis (AS), we investigated the therapeutic potentials of dual-targeted microbubbles (HA-PANBs) in foam cell-specific release of anti-miR-33 (ANM33) oligonucleotides, resulting in the early prevention of AS progression and severity. The intracellular localization, loading optimization, and therapeutic effects of HA-PANBs were examined in detail in a co-cultured cell model of phagocytosis. Compared with non-targeting nanobubbles (NBs) and single-targeted microbubbles as controls, HA-PANBs efficiently delivered the ANM33 specifically to foam cells via sustained release, exhibiting its clinical value in mediating RNA silencing. Moreover, when used at a dose of 12 µg/mL HA-PANBs per 107 cells for 48 h, a higher release rate and drug efficacy were observed. Therefore, HA-PANBs, effectively targeting early AS foam cells, may represent a novel and optimal gene therapy approach for AS management.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen Yuan
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Liyun Liu
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Baihetiya Tayier
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Ting Ma
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Lina Guan
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Yuming Mu
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Echocardiography, First Affiliated Hospital of Xinjiang Medical University, State Key Laboratory of Pathogenesis, Prevention and Treatment of High Incidence Diseases in Central Asia, Urumqi, China,Xinjiang Key Laboratory of Ultrasound Medicine, Urumqi, Xinjiang 830011, China
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7
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Liu W, Ma X, Kheyr SM, Dong A, Zhang J. Covalent Organic Frameworks as Nanocarriers for Improved Delivery of Chemotherapeutic Agents. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:7215. [PMID: 36295281 PMCID: PMC9611971 DOI: 10.3390/ma15207215] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 10/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Cancer has become one of the main causes of death worldwide. Chemotherapy as one of the main therapy modalities is very unsatisfactory. The various nanocarriers have brought new opportunities for effective tumor treatment. However, most of the current nanocarriers still suffer from low efficiency and confront significant challenges in overcoming multiple biological barriers. Compared with conventional nanocarriers, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) with unique and attractive features exhibited great potential to serve as a promising platform for anticancer drug delivery. In this review, we first summarize the strategies and challenges of nanocarriers for cancer chemotherapy and then highlight the recent advances in COF-based nanocarriers for improved delivery of chemotherapeutic agents. Finally, the challenges remaining for COF-based nanocarriers for clinical applications are outlined.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weiming Liu
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Shuayb Mohamed Kheyr
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Anjie Dong
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Systems Bioengineering of the Ministry of Education, Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
- Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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Alhaj-Suliman SO, Wafa EI, Salem AK. Engineering nanosystems to overcome barriers to cancer diagnosis and treatment. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2022; 189:114482. [PMID: 35944587 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2022.114482] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Revised: 07/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, multidisciplinary investigations into the development of nanoparticles for medical applications have continually increased. However, nanoparticles are still subject to biological barriers and biodistribution challenges, which limit their overall clinical potential. This has motivated the implementation of innovational modifications to a range of nanoparticle formulations designed for cancer imaging and/or cancer treatment to overcome specific barriers and shift the accumulation of payloads toward the diseased tissues. In recent years, novel technological and chemical approaches have been employed to modify or functionalize the surface of nanoparticles or manipulate the characteristics of nanoparticles. Combining these approaches with the identification of critical biomarkers provides new strategies for enhancing nanoparticle specificity for both cancer diagnostic and therapeutic applications. This review discusses the most recent advances in the design and engineering of nanoparticles as well as future directions for developing the next generation of nanomedicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhaila O Alhaj-Suliman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Emad I Wafa
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States
| | - Aliasger K Salem
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Experimental Therapeutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Iowa, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States; Holden Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of Iowa Hospitals & Clinics, Iowa City, IA 52242, United States.
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9
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Jin R, Yang Z, Sun J, Chang Q, Cai L, Lin C. Self‐assembled
nanoprodrugs from reducible
dextran‐diethyldithiocarbamate
conjugates for robust
tumor‐targeted
chemotherapy. J Appl Polym Sci 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/app.53043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Rong Jin
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology Shanghai University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Zhengshi Yang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology Shanghai University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Jing Sun
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology Shanghai University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Qing Chang
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology Shanghai University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Li Cai
- Institute of Nanochemistry and Nanobiology Shanghai University Shanghai People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Lin
- Key Laboratory of Spine and Spinal Cord Injury Repair and Regeneration, Ministry of Education, Tongji Hospital Tongji University School of Medicine Shanghai People's Republic of China
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10
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Mishra VS, Patil S, Reddy PC, Lochab B. Combinatorial delivery of CPI444 and vatalanib loaded on PEGylated graphene oxide as an effective nanoformulation to target glioblastoma multiforme: In vitro evaluation. Front Oncol 2022; 12:953098. [PMID: 36052261 PMCID: PMC9426685 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.953098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) is known as the primary malignant and most devastating form of tumor found in the central nervous system of the adult population. The active pharmaceutical component in current chemotherapy regimens is mostly hydrophobic and poorly water-soluble, which hampers clinical implications. Nanodrug formulations using nanocarriers loaded with such drugs assisted in water dispersibility, improved cellular permeability, and drug efficacy at a low dose, thus adding to the overall practical value. Here, we successfully developed a water-dispersible and biocompatible nanocargo (GO-PEG) based on covalently modified graphene oxide (GO) with a 6-armed poly(ethylene glycol) amine dendrimer for effective loading of the two hydrophobic anticancer drug molecules, CPI444 and vatalanib. These drug molecules target adenosine receptor (A2AR), vascular endothelial growth factor receptor (VEGFR), platelet-derived growth factor receptor (PDGFR), and type III stem cell receptor tyrosine kinase (c-KIT), which plays a crucial role in cancers. The effective cellular delivery of the drugs when loaded on GO-PEG is attributed to the increased permeability of the drug-nanoconjugate formulation. We observed that this combinatorial drug treatment with nanocargo resulted in a significant reduction in the overall cell survival as supported by reduced calcium levels and stem cell markers such as Oct4 and Nanog, which are two of the prime factors for GBM stem cell proliferation. Furthermore, reduced expression of CD24 upon treatment with nanoformulation impeded cellular migration. Cellular assays confirmed inhibition of cell proliferation, migration, and angiogenic potential of GBM treated with GO-PEG–Drug conjugates. Ultimately, GBM U87 cells assumed programmed cell death at a very low concentration due to nanocarrier-mediated drug delivery along with the chosen combination of drugs. Together, this study demonstrated the advantage of GO-PEG mediated combined delivery of CPI444 and vatalanib drugs with increased permeability, a three-pronged combinatorial strategy toward effective GBM treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu S. Mishra
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi, India
| | - Sachin Patil
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi, India
| | - Puli Chandramouli Reddy
- Department of Life Sciences, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Puli Chandramouli Reddy, ; Bimlesh Lochab,
| | - Bimlesh Lochab
- Materials Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, Shiv Nadar University, Delhi, India
- *Correspondence: Puli Chandramouli Reddy, ; Bimlesh Lochab,
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11
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Application of Nanomicelles in Enhancing Bioavailability and Biological Efficacy of Bioactive Nutrients. Polymers (Basel) 2022; 14:polym14163278. [PMID: 36015535 PMCID: PMC9415603 DOI: 10.3390/polym14163278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Nutraceuticals provide many biological benefits besides their basic nutritional value. However, their biological efficacies are often limited by poor absorption and low bioavailability. Nanomaterials have received much attention as potential delivery systems of nutrients and phytonutrients for multiple applications. Nanomicelles are nanosized colloidal structures with a hydrophobic core and hydrophilic shell. Due to their unique characteristics, they have shown great perspectives in food and nutraceutical science. In this review, we discussed the unique properties of nanomicelles. We also emphasized the latest advances on the design of different nanomicelles for efficient delivery and improved bioavailability of various nutrients. The role of nanomicelles in the efficacy improvement of bioactive components from nutraceutical and health foods has been included. Importantly, the safety concerns on nano-processed food products were highlighted.
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12
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Pignatello R, Corsaro R, Bonaccorso A, Zingale E, Carbone C, Musumeci T. Soluplus ® polymeric nanomicelles improve solubility of BCS-class II drugs. Drug Deliv Transl Res 2022; 12:1991-2006. [PMID: 35604634 PMCID: PMC9242938 DOI: 10.1007/s13346-022-01182-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/09/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
The issue of poor aqueous solubility is often a great hitch in the development of liquid dosage forms for those drugs that the Biopharmaceutics Classification System (BCS) includes in classes II and IV. Among the possible technological solutions, inclusion of the drug molecule within polymeric micelles, and particularly nanomicelles, has been proposed in the last years as a valid strategy. Our attention has been recently attracted by Soluplus®, an amphiphilic polyvinyl caprolactam-polyvinyl acetate-polyethylene glycol graft copolymer able to form small and stable nanomicelles. The aim of this study was to characterize Soluplus® nanomicelles to enhance the apparent solubility of three model APIs, categorized in BCS class II: ibuprofen (IBU), idebenone (IDE), and miconazole (MIC). Drug-loaded Soluplus® micelles with a mean size around 60–70 nm were prepared by two methods (direct dissolution or film hydration method). The prepared nanosystems were characterized in terms of mean particle size and Zeta potential, physical stability, drug solubility, and in vitro drug release. The solubility of the tested APIs was shown to increase linearly with the concentration of graft copolymer. Soluplus® can be easily submitted to membrane filtration (0.2 µm PES or PTFE membranes), showing the potential to be sterilized by this method. Freeze-drying enabled to obtain powder materials that, upon reconstitution with water, maintained the initial micelle size. Finally, viscosity studies indicated that these nanomicelles have potential applications where a bioadhesive material is advantageous, such as in topical ocular administration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosario Pignatello
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy. .,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.
| | - Roberta Corsaro
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Angela Bonaccorso
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Elide Zingale
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Claudia Carbone
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
| | - Teresa Musumeci
- Department of Drug and Health Sciences, University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy.,NANOMED - Research Centre on Nanomedicine and Pharmaceutical Nanotechnology - University of Catania, 95125, Catania, Italy
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13
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Nel AE, Mei KC, Liao YP, Lu X. Multifunctional Lipid Bilayer Nanocarriers for Cancer Immunotherapy in Heterogeneous Tumor Microenvironments, Combining Immunogenic Cell Death Stimuli with Immune Modulatory Drugs. ACS NANO 2022; 16:5184-5232. [PMID: 35348320 PMCID: PMC9519818 DOI: 10.1021/acsnano.2c01252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
In addition to the contribution of cancer cells, the solid tumor microenvironment (TME) has a critical role in determining tumor expansion, antitumor immunity, and the response to immunotherapy. Understanding the details of the complex interplay between cancer cells and components of the TME provides an unprecedented opportunity to explore combination therapy for intervening in the immune landscape to improve immunotherapy outcome. One approach is the introduction of multifunctional nanocarriers, capable of delivering drug combinations that provide immunogenic stimuli for improvement of tumor antigen presentation, contemporaneous with the delivery of coformulated drug or synthetic molecules that provide immune danger signals or interfere in immune-escape, immune-suppressive, and T-cell exclusion pathways. This forward-looking review will discuss the use of lipid-bilayer-encapsulated liposomes and mesoporous silica nanoparticles for combination immunotherapy of the heterogeneous immune landscapes in pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma and triple-negative breast cancer. We describe how the combination of remote drug loading and lipid bilayer encapsulation is used for the synthesis of synergistic drug combinations that induce immunogenic cell death, interfere in the PD-1/PD-L1 axis, inhibit the indoleamine-pyrrole 2,3-dioxygenase (IDO-1) immune metabolic pathway, restore spatial access to activated T-cells to the cancer site, or reduce the impact of immunosuppressive stromal components. We show how an integration of current knowledge and future discovery can be used for a rational approach to nanoenabled cancer immunotherapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- André E. Nel
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Jonsson Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
- Correspondence should be addressed to: André E. Nel, Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, University of California, Los Angeles, 52-175 CHS, Los Angeles, California 90095, USA. Phone: 310.825.6620;
| | - Kuo-Ching Mei
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Yu-Pei Liao
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
| | - Xiangsheng Lu
- Division of NanoMedicine, Department of Medicine, David Geffen School of Medicine University of California, Los Angeles, California, 90095, United States
- California NanoSystems Institute, University of California, Los Angeles, California 90095, United States
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14
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Chen Y, Du F, Tang L, Xu J, Zhao Y, Wu X, Li M, Shen J, Wen Q, Cho CH, Xiao Z. Carboranes as unique pharmacophores in antitumor medicinal chemistry. Mol Ther Oncolytics 2022; 24:400-416. [PMID: 35141397 PMCID: PMC8807988 DOI: 10.1016/j.omto.2022.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Carborane is a carbon-boron molecular cluster that can be viewed as a 3D analog of benzene. It features special physical and chemical properties, and thus has the potential to serve as a new type of pharmacophore for drug design and discovery. Based on the relative positions of two cage carbons, icosahedral closo-carboranes can be classified into three isomers, ortho-carborane (o-carborane, 1,2-C2B10H12), meta-carborane (m-carborane, 1,7-C2B10H12), and para-carborane (p-carborane, 1,12-C2B10H12), and all of them can be deboronated to generate their nido- forms. Cage compound carborane and its derivatives have been demonstrated as useful chemical entities in antitumor medicinal chemistry. The applications of carboranes and their derivatives in the field of antitumor research mainly include boron neutron capture therapy (BNCT), as BNCT/photodynamic therapy dual sensitizers, and as anticancer ligands. This review summarizes the research progress on carboranes achieved up to October 2021, with particular emphasis on signaling transduction pathways, chemical structures, and mechanistic considerations of using carboranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Chen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Fukuan Du
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Liyao Tang
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jinrun Xu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Yueshui Zhao
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Xu Wu
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Mingxing Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Jing Shen
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Qinglian Wen
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
| | - Chi Hin Cho
- Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Faculty of Medicine, School of Biomedical Sciences, The Chinese University of Hong Kong, Hong Kong 999077, China
| | - Zhangang Xiao
- Department of Oncology, Affiliated Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
- Luzhou Key Laboratory of Cell Therapy & Cell Drugs, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou 646000, China
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15
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Chen Q, Xu S, Liu S, Wang Y, Liu G. Emerging nanomedicines of paclitaxel for cancer treatment. J Control Release 2022; 342:280-294. [PMID: 35016919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2022.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2021] [Revised: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Malignant tumor is still a leading threat to human health. Despite the rapid development of targeted therapeutic strategies, any treatment specifically acting on single target would inevitably suffer from tumor resistance, largely due to the genetic instability and variability of tumor cells. Thus, traditional therapies such as broad-spectrum chemotherapy would certainly occupy an important position in clinical cancer therapy. Nevertheless, most chemotherapeutic drugs have long been criticized for unsatisfactory therapeutic efficacy with severe off-target toxicity. Although several chemotherapeutic nanomedicines with improved therapeutic safety have been applied in clinics, the therapeutic outcomes still do not fulfill expectation. To address this challenge, enormous efforts have been devoted to developing novel nano-formulations for efficient delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs. Herein, we aim to outline the latest progression in the emerging nanomedicines of paclitaxel (PTX), with special attention to the functional nanocarriers, self-delivering prodrug-nanoassemblies and combination nanotherapeutics of PTX. Finally, the challenges and opportunities of these functional PTX nanomedicines in clinical translation are spotlighted.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qin Chen
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China.
| | - Shu Xu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Shuo Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
| | - Guangxuan Liu
- Department of Pharmacy, Cancer Hospital of China Medical University, Liaoning Cancer Hospital & Institute, Shenyang, Liaoning Province, PR China
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16
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Hu T, Qin Z, Shen C, Gong HL, He ZY. Multifunctional Mitochondria-Targeting Nanosystems for Enhanced Anticancer Efficacy. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2021; 9:786621. [PMID: 34900973 PMCID: PMC8652136 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2021.786621] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2021] [Accepted: 11/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria, a kind of subcellular organelle, play crucial roles in cancer cells as an energy source and as a generator of reactive substrates, which concern the generation, proliferation, drug resistance, and other functions of cancer. Therefore, precise delivery of anticancer agents to mitochondria can be a novel strategy for enhanced cancer treatment. Mitochondria have a four-layer structure with a high negative potential, which thereby prevents many molecules from reaching the mitochondria. Luckily, the advances in nanosystems have provided enormous hope to overcome this challenge. These nanosystems include liposomes, nanoparticles, and nanomicelles. Here, we summarize the very latest developments in mitochondria-targeting nanomedicines in cancer treatment as well as focus on designing multifunctional mitochondria-targeting nanosystems based on the latest nanotechnology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Hu
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhou Qin
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Chao Shen
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Han-Lin Gong
- Department of Integrated Traditional Chinese and Western Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Zhi-Yao He
- Department of Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy and Cancer Center, National Clinical Research Center for Geriatrics, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.,Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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17
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Jia L, Zhang P, Sun H, Dai Y, Liang S, Bai X, Feng L. Optimization of Nanoparticles for Smart Drug Delivery: A Review. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 11:2790. [PMID: 34835553 PMCID: PMC8622036 DOI: 10.3390/nano11112790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2021] [Revised: 10/08/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanoparticle delivery systems have good application prospects in the treatment of various diseases, especially in cancer treatment. The effect of drug delivery is regulated by the properties of nanoparticles. There have been many studies focusing on optimizing the structure of nanoparticles in recent years, and a series of achievements have been made. This review summarizes the optimization strategies of nanoparticles from three aspects-improving biocompatibility, increasing the targeting efficiency of nanoparticles, and improving the drug loading rate of nanoparticles-aiming to provide some theoretical reference for the subsequent drug delivery of nanoparticles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lina Jia
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Peng Zhang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Hongyan Sun
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Yuguo Dai
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Shuzhang Liang
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Xue Bai
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
| | - Lin Feng
- School of Mechanical Engineering and Automation, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China; (L.J.); (P.Z.); (H.S.); (Y.D.); (S.L.)
- Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Biomedical Engineering, Beihang University, Beijing 100191, China
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18
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Valenzuela C, Chen C, Sun M, Ye Z, Zhang J. Strategies and applications of covalent organic frameworks as promising nanoplatforms in cancer therapy. J Mater Chem B 2021; 9:3450-3483. [PMID: 33909746 DOI: 10.1039/d1tb00041a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cancer nanomedicine is the best option to face the limits of conventional chemotherapy and phototherapy methods, and thus the intensive quest for new nanomaterials to improve therapeutic efficacy and safety is still underway. Owing to their low density, well-defined structures, large surface area, finely tunable pore size, and metal ion free features, covalent organic frameworks (COFs) have been extensively studied in many research fields. The recent great interest in nanoscale COFs to improve the properties of bulk COFs has led to broadening of their applicability in the biomedical field, such as nanocarriers with an outstanding loading capacity and efficient delivery of therapeutic agents, smart theranostic nanoplatforms with excellent stability, high ROS generation, light-to-heat conversion capabilities, and different response and diagnostic characteristics. The COFs and related nanoplatforms with a wide variety of designability and functionalization have opened up a new avenue for exciting opportunities in cancer therapy. Herein we review the state-of-the-art technical and scientific developments in this emerging field, focusing on the overall progress addressed so far in building versatile COF-based nanoplatforms to enhance chemotherapy, photodynamic/photothermal therapy, and combination. Future perspectives for achieving the synergistic effect of cancer elimination and clinical translation are further discussed to motivate future contributions and explore new possibilities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristian Valenzuela
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Chu Chen
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Mengxiao Sun
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Zhanpeng Ye
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China.
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Department of Polymer Science and Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China. and Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300350, China
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19
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Gou Y, Huang G, Li J, Yang F, Liang H. Versatile delivery systems for non-platinum metal-based anticancer therapeutic agents. Coord Chem Rev 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ccr.2021.213975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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20
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Sreekanth V, Pal S, Kumar S, Komalla V, Yadav P, Shyam R, Sengupta S, Bajaj A. Self-assembled supramolecular nanomicelles from a bile acid-docetaxel conjugate are highly tolerable with improved therapeutic efficacy. Biomater Sci 2021; 9:5626-5639. [PMID: 34254078 DOI: 10.1039/d1bm00031d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Herein, we present the engineering of a supramolecular nanomicellar system that is composed of self-assembled units of the PEGylated lithocholic acid (LCA)-docetaxel (DTX) conjugate (LCA-DTX-PEG). We tethered a short polyethylene glycol unit to LCA and used an esterase-sensitive ester linkage between DTX and LCA. The LCA-DTX-PEG conjugate formed nanomicelles (LCA-DTX-PEG NMs) with ∼160 nm hydrodynamic diameter that are sensitive to cellular esterases and maximized the release of DTX under high esterase exposure. LCA-DTX-PEG NMs were found to be effective as the parent drug in breast cancer cells by stabilizing tubulin and arresting the cells in the G2/M phase. We determined the maximum tolerated dose (MTD) and systemic and vital organ toxicity of LCA-DTX-PEG NMs in mice, rats, and rabbits. LCA-DTX-PEG NMs showed a MTD of >160 mg kg-1 and are found to be safe in comparison with their parent FDA-approved drug formulation (Taxotere® or DTX-TS) that is highly toxic. LCA-DTX-PEG NMs effectively reduced the tumor volume and increased the survival of 4T1 tumor-bearing mice with improved blood circulation time of the drug and its higher accumulation in tumor tissues. Therefore, this study highlights the potential of PEGylated bile acid-drug conjugate based nanomicelles for the development of next generation cancer therapeutics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India. and Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India. and Kalinga Institute of Industrial Technology, Bhubaneswar, Odisha 751024, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India. and Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, 576104, India
| | - Varsha Komalla
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
| | - Radhey Shyam
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, Haryana 121001, India.
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21
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Al-Amili M, Jin Z, Wang Z, Guo S. Self-Assembled Micelles of Amphiphilic PEGylated Drugs for Cancer Treatment. Curr Drug Targets 2021; 22:870-881. [PMID: 33390113 DOI: 10.2174/1389450122666201231130702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/18/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Generally, poor solubility and imprecise delivery of chemotherapeutic drugs can compromise their efficacies for clinical cancer treatment. In order to address such concerns, poor water-soluble drugs are conjugated with poly(ethylene glycol) (PEG) to obtain PEGylated drugs, which have improved water solubility and can also self-assemble in an aqueous solution to form micelles (PEGylated drug micelles). The surface PEG layer enhances the micelles' colloidal stability and reduces the interaction with physiological surroundings. Meanwhile, PEGylated drug micelles are tumor- targeting via the enhanced permeation and retention (EPR) effect to improve antitumor efficacy in comparison with free drugs. PEGylated drug micelles employ drugs as parts of the carrier medium, which increases the micelles' drug loading capacity relatively. The development of stimuli- responsive PEGylated drug micelles facilitates the drug release to be smart and controllable. Moreover, the PEGylated drug micelles show great potentials in overcoming the challenges of cancer therapy, such as multidrug resistance (MDR), angiogenesis, immunosuppression, and so on. In this review, we highlight the research progresses of PEGylated drug micelles, including the structures and properties, smart stimuli-responsive PEGylated drug micelles, and the challenges that have been overcome by PEGylated drug micelles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Majdi Al-Amili
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhu Jin
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhongmin Wang
- Department of Interventional Radiology, Ruijin Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai 200025, China
| | - Shengrong Guo
- School of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, 800 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200240, China
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22
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Sreekanth V, Kar A, Kumar S, Pal S, Yadav P, Sharma Y, Komalla V, Sharma H, Shyam R, Sharma RD, Mukhopadhyay A, Sengupta S, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Bile Acid Tethered Docetaxel-Based Nanomicelles Mitigate Tumor Progression through Epigenetic Changes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021; 60:5394-5399. [PMID: 33258265 DOI: 10.1002/anie.202015173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we describe the engineering of sub-100 nm nanomicelles (DTX-PC NMs) derived from phosphocholine derivative of docetaxel (DTX)-conjugated lithocholic acid (DTX-PC) and poly(ethylene glycol)-tethered lithocholic acid. Administration of DTX-PC NMs decelerate tumor progression and increase the mice survivability compared to Taxotere (DTX-TS), the FDA-approved formulation of DTX. Unlike DTX-TS, DTX-PC NMs do not cause any systemic toxicity and slow the decay rate of plasma DTX concentration in rodents and non-rodent species including non-human primates. We further demonstrate that DTX-PC NMs target demethylation of CpG islands of Sparcl1 (a tumor suppressor gene) by suppressing DNA methyltransferase activity and increase the expression of Sparcl1 that leads to tumor regression. Therefore, this unique system has the potential to improve the quality of life in cancer patients and can be translated as a next-generation chemotherapeutic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Current address: Brigham and Women's Hospital, Division of Renal Medicine and Engineering, Boston, MA, 02115, USA
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Yamini Sharma
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
| | - Varsha Komalla
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
- Current address: Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Building 20, 100-102 Broadway, Chippendale, NSW, 2008, Australia
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology, Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health, Amity University Haryana, Panchgaon, Manesar, Gurgaon, 122413, Haryana, India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway, Faridabad, 121001, Haryana, India
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23
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Sreekanth V, Kar A, Kumar S, Pal S, Yadav P, Sharma Y, Komalla V, Sharma H, Shyam R, Sharma RD, Mukhopadhyay A, Sengupta S, Dasgupta U, Bajaj A. Bile Acid Tethered Docetaxel‐Based Nanomicelles Mitigate Tumor Progression through Epigenetic Changes. Angew Chem Int Ed Engl 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/ange.202015173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vedagopuram Sreekanth
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
- Current address: Brigham and Women's Hospital Division of Renal Medicine and Engineering Boston MA 02115 USA
| | - Animesh Kar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Sanjay Pal
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Poonam Yadav
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Yamini Sharma
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
| | - Varsha Komalla
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
- Current address: Graduate School of Health University of Technology, Sydney, Building 20 100–102 Broadway Chippendale NSW 2008 Australia
| | - Harsh Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Radhey Shyam
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ravi Datta Sharma
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Arnab Mukhopadhyay
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Sagar Sengupta
- National Institute of Immunology Aruna Asaf Ali Marg New Delhi 110067 India
| | - Ujjaini Dasgupta
- Amity Institute of Integrative Sciences and Health Amity University Haryana Panchgaon, Manesar Gurgaon 122413 Haryana India
| | - Avinash Bajaj
- Laboratory of Nanotechnology and Chemical Biology Regional Centre for Biotechnology NCR Biotech Science Cluster 3rd Milestone, Faridabad-Gurgaon Expressway Faridabad 121001 Haryana India
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24
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Wang J, Bhargava P, Yu Y, Sari AN, Zhang H, Ishii N, Yan K, Zhang Z, Ishida Y, Terao K, Kaul SC, Miyako E, Wadhwa R. Novel Caffeic Acid Phenethyl Ester-Mortalin Antibody Nanoparticles Offer Enhanced Selective Cytotoxicity to Cancer Cells. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12092370. [PMID: 32825706 PMCID: PMC7564736 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12092370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2020] [Revised: 08/01/2020] [Accepted: 08/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Caffeic acid phenethyl ester (CAPE) is a key bioactive ingredient of honeybee propolis and is claimed to have anticancer activity. Since mortalin, a hsp70 chaperone, is enriched in a cancerous cell surface, we recruited a unique cell internalizing anti-mortalin antibody (MotAb) to generate mortalin-targeting CAPE nanoparticles (CAPE-MotAb). Biophysical and biomolecular analyses revealed enhanced anticancer activity of CAPE-MotAb both in in vitro and in vivo assays. We demonstrate that CAPE-MotAb cause a stronger dose-dependent growth arrest/apoptosis of cancer cells through the downregulation of Cyclin D1-CDK4, phospho-Rb, PARP-1, and anti-apoptotic protein Bcl2. Concomitantly, a significant increase in the expression of p53, p21WAF1, and caspase cleavage was obtained only in CAPE-MotAb treated cells. We also demonstrate that CAPE-MotAb caused a remarkably enhanced downregulation of proteins critically involved in cell migration. In vivo tumor growth assays for subcutaneous xenografts in nude mice also revealed a significantly enhanced suppression of tumor growth in the treated group suggesting that these novel CAPE-MotAb nanoparticles may serve as a potent anticancer nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Wang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
- Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Priyanshu Bhargava
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Yue Yu
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
- Biomedical Research Institute (BMRI), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Ikeda 563-8577, Japan
| | - Anissa Nofita Sari
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Huayue Zhang
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Noriyuki Ishii
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Kangmin Yan
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
| | - Zhenya Zhang
- Graduate School of Life & Environmental Sciences, University of Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8575, Japan;
| | - Yoshiyuki Ishida
- CycloChem Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Keiji Terao
- CycloChem Co., Ltd., 7-4-5 Minatojima-minamimachi, Chuo-ku, Kobe 650-0047, Japan; (Y.I.); (K.T.)
| | - Sunil C. Kaul
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
- KAUL-Tech Co. Ltd., 3-24 Nagakunidai, Tsuchiura City, Ibaraki 300-0810, Japan
| | - Eijiro Miyako
- School of Materials Science, Japan Advanced Institute of Science & Technology, 1-1 Asahidai, Nomi, Ishikawa 923-1292, Japan;
| | - Renu Wadhwa
- AIST-INDIA DAILAB, DBT-AIST International Center for Translational & Environmental Research (DAICENTER), National Institute of Advanced Industrial Science & Technology (AIST), Tsukuba, Ibaraki 305-8565, Japan; (J.W.); (P.B.); (Y.Y.); (A.N.S.); (H.Z.); (N.I.); (K.Y.); (S.C.K.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +81-29-8-61-9464
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25
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Li P, Tian Y, Ke XM, Tan QC, Han X, Ma HY, Pei J, Lin JZ, Xu RC, Han L, Yang M, Zhang DK. Amphiphilic Block Copolymers: A Novel Substance for Bitter-Masking in Aqueous Solutions. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:1586-1595. [PMID: 32186879 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.9b01296] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
It is a challenging task to suppress the bitterness of liquid preparations, especially for children. Bitter molecules are highly dispersible in liquids, leading to a strong and instant stimulation of the bitter receptors. At present, there is no effective way to correct this issue except for adding sweeteners, resulting in an unsatisfying taste. Based on the three-point contact theory, which is a universally accepted mechanism of bitterness formation, a new idea and application of amphiphilic block copolymers (ABCs) for bitterness suppression was proposed for the first time. We found that ABCs could widely inhibit the bitterness of four typical bitter substances. The mechanism is that ABCs self-assemble to form association colloids, which attract bitter components and reduce their distribution in the molecular form in solution. The bitter components were demonstrated to automatically embed in the spiral hydrophobic cavity of the hydrophobic chain of the ABCs, and their special interaction dispersed the positive electrostatic potential of bitter groups. The combination did not affect the pharmacokinetic parameters and pharmacodynamics of bitter drugs. These findings highlight the novel application of ABCs for the inhibition of bitterness and illuminate the underlying inhibition mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Li
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Yin Tian
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xiu-Mei Ke
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China.,School of Basic Medical Sciences, Jiujiang University, Jiujiang 332005, China
| | - Qing-Chu Tan
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Xue Han
- Shool of Pharmacy, Chengdu Medical College, Chengdu 610083, China
| | - Hong-Yan Ma
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jin Pei
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Jun-Zhi Lin
- Central Laboratory, The Teaching Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 610072, China
| | - Run-Chun Xu
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Li Han
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Ding-Kun Zhang
- State Key Laboratory Breeding Base of Systematic Research, Development and Utilization of Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu 611137, China
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