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Öz-Arslan D, Yavuz M, Kan B. Exploring orphan GPCRs in neurodegenerative diseases. Front Pharmacol 2024; 15:1394516. [PMID: 38895631 PMCID: PMC11183337 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2024.1394516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative disorders represent a significant and growing health burden worldwide. Unfortunately, limited therapeutic options are currently available despite ongoing efforts. Over the past decades, research efforts have increasingly focused on understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying these devastating conditions. Orphan receptors, a class of receptors with no known endogenous ligands, emerge as promising druggable targets for diverse diseases. This review aims to direct attention to a subgroup of orphan GPCRs, in particular class A orphans that have roles in neurodegenerative disorders, including Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, Huntington's disease, and Multiple sclerosis. We highlight the diverse roles orphan receptors play in regulating critical cellular processes such as synaptic transmission, neuronal survival and neuro-inflammation. Moreover, we discuss the therapeutic potential of targeting orphan receptors for the treatment of neurodegenerative disorders, emphasizing recent advances in drug discovery and preclinical studies. Finally, we outline future directions and challenges in orphan receptor research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Devrim Öz-Arslan
- Department of Biophysics, Acibadem MAA University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
| | - Melis Yavuz
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Pharmacology, Acibadem MAA University, School of Pharmacy, Istanbul, Türkiye
| | - Beki Kan
- Department of Biophysics, Acibadem MAA University, School of Medicine, Istanbul, Türkiye
- Department of Neurosciences, Acibadem MAA University, Institute of Health Sciences, İstanbul, Türkiye
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Kalinovic R, Pascariu A, Vlad G, Nitusca D, Sălcudean A, Sirbu IO, Marian C, Enatescu VR. Involvement of the Expression of G Protein-Coupled Receptors in Schizophrenia. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:85. [PMID: 38256919 PMCID: PMC10818502 DOI: 10.3390/ph17010085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2023] [Revised: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
The expression of GPCRs has been associated with schizophrenia, and their expression may induce morphological changes in brain regions responsible for schizophrenia and disease-specific behavioral changes. The articles included in this review were selected using keywords and databases of scientific research websites. The expressions of GPRs have different involvements in schizophrenia, some increase the risk while others provide protection, and they may also be potential targets for new treatments. Proper evaluation of these factors is essential to have a better therapeutic response with a lower rate of chronicity and thus improve the long-term prognosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raluka Kalinovic
- Doctoral School, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
- Eduard Pamfil Psychiatric Clinic, Timisoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 300425 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (G.V.); (V.R.E.)
| | - Andrei Pascariu
- Eduard Pamfil Psychiatric Clinic, Timisoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 300425 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (G.V.); (V.R.E.)
| | - Gabriela Vlad
- Eduard Pamfil Psychiatric Clinic, Timisoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 300425 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (G.V.); (V.R.E.)
| | - Diana Nitusca
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.N.); (I.O.S.); (C.M.)
- Center for Complex Networks Science, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pta Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Andreea Sălcudean
- Discipline of Sociobiology, Department of Ethics and Social Sciences, George Emil Palade University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, 540136 Targu Mures, Romania;
| | - Ioan Ovidiu Sirbu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.N.); (I.O.S.); (C.M.)
- Center for Complex Networks Science, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pta Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Catalin Marian
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania; (D.N.); (I.O.S.); (C.M.)
- Center for Complex Networks Science, Victor Babes University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Pta Eftimie Murgu Nr. 2, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
| | - Virgil Radu Enatescu
- Eduard Pamfil Psychiatric Clinic, Timisoara County Emergency Clinical Hospital, 300425 Timisoara, Romania; (A.P.); (G.V.); (V.R.E.)
- Discipline of Psychiatry, Department of Neurosciences, University of Medicine and Pharmacy Victor Babes Timisoara, 300041 Timisoara, Romania
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Rahman MT, Guan D, Chaminda Lakmal HH, Decker AM, Imler GH, Kerr AT, Harris DL, Jin C. Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Novel GPR88 Agonists (4-Substituted-phenyl)acetamides Based on the Reversed Amide Scaffold. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:169-192. [PMID: 38086012 PMCID: PMC10843732 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of synthetic agonists for the orphan receptor GPR88 has recently attracted significant interest, given the promise of GPR88 as a novel drug target for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Examination of structure-activity relationships of two known agonist scaffolds 2-PCCA and 2-AMPP, as well as the recently resolved cryo-EM structure of 2-PCCA-bound GPR88, led to the design of a new scaffold based on the "reversed amide" strategy of 2-AMPP. A series of novel (4-substituted-phenyl)acetamides were synthesized and assessed in cAMP accumulation assays as GPR88 agonists, which led to the discovery of several compounds with better or comparable potencies to 2-AMPP. Computational docking studies suggest that these novel GPR88 agonists bind to the same allosteric site of GPR88 that 2-PCCA occupies. Collectively, our findings provide structural insight and SAR requirement at the allosteric site of GPR88 and a new scaffold for further development of GPR88 allosteric agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Toufiqur Rahman
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Dongliang Guan
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Hetti Handi Chaminda Lakmal
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ann M Decker
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6920, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Andrew T Kerr
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6920, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Danni L Harris
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Chunyang Jin
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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Sukhanov I, Dorotenko A, Fesenko Z, Savchenko A, Efimova EV, Mor MS, Belozertseva IV, Sotnikova TD, Gainetdinov RR. Inhibition of PDE10A in a New Rat Model of Severe Dopamine Depletion Suggests New Approach to Non-Dopamine Parkinson's Disease Therapy. Biomolecules 2022; 13:biom13010009. [PMID: 36671394 PMCID: PMC9855999 DOI: 10.3390/biom13010009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease is the second most common neurodegenerative pathology. Due to the limitations of existing therapeutic approaches, novel anti-parkinsonian medicines with non-dopamine mechanisms of action are clearly needed. One of the promising pharmacological targets for anti-Parkinson drug development is phosphodiesterase (PDE) 10A. The stimulating motor effects of PDE10A inhibition were detected only under the conditions of partial dopamine depletion. The results raise the question of whether PDE10A inhibitors are able to restore locomotor activity when dopamine levels are very low. To address this issue, we (1) developed and validated the rat model of acute severe dopamine deficiency and (2) tested the action of PDE10A inhibitor MP-10 in this model. All experiments were performed in dopamine transporter knockout (DAT-KO) rats. A tyrosine hydroxylase inhibitor, α-Methyl-DL-tyrosine (αMPT), was used as an agent to cause extreme dopamine deficiency. In vivo tests included estimation of locomotor activity and catalepsy levels in the bar test. Additionally, we evaluated the tissue content of dopamine in brain samples by HPLC analysis. The acute administration of αMPT to DAT-KO rats caused severe depletion of dopamine, immobility, and catalepsy (Dopamine-Deficient DAT-KO (DDD) rats). As expected, treatment with the L-DOPA and carbidopa combination restored the motor functions of DDD rats. Strikingly, administration of MP-10 also fully reversed immobility and catalepsy in DDD rats. According to neurochemical studies, the action of MP-10, in contrast to L-DOPA + carbidopa, seems to be dopamine-independent. These observations indicate that targeting PDE10A may represent a new promising approach in the development of non-dopamine therapies for Parkinson's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilya Sukhanov
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.R.G.); Tel.: +7-(812)-346-39-25 (I.S.); +7-(812)-363-69-39 (R.R.G.)
| | - Artem Dorotenko
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Zoia Fesenko
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Artem Savchenko
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Evgeniya V. Efimova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Mikael S. Mor
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Irina V. Belozertseva
- Valdman Institute of Pharmacology, Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University, 197022 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Tatyana D. Sotnikova
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
| | - Raul R. Gainetdinov
- Institute of Translational Biomedicine, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- St. Petersburg University Hospital, St. Petersburg State University, 199034 St. Petersburg, Russia
- Correspondence: (I.S.); (R.R.G.); Tel.: +7-(812)-346-39-25 (I.S.); +7-(812)-363-69-39 (R.R.G.)
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Galet B, Ingallinesi M, Pegon J, Do Thi A, Ravassard P, Faucon Biguet N, Meloni R. G-protein coupled receptor 88 knockdown in the associative striatum reduces psychiatric symptoms in a translational male rat model of Parkinson disease. J Psychiatry Neurosci 2021; 46:E44-E55. [PMID: 32667145 PMCID: PMC7955842 DOI: 10.1503/jpn.190171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND In addition to motor disability, another characteristic feature of Parkinson disease is the early appearance of psychiatric symptoms, including apathy, depression, anxiety and cognitive deficits; treatments for these symptoms are limited by the development of adverse effects such as impulse-control disorders. In this context, we investigated the orphan G protein-coupled receptor 88 (GPR88) as a novel therapeutic target. METHODS We used lentiviral-mediated expression of specifically designed microRNA to knock down Gpr88 in a translational male rat model of early Parkinson disease obtained by dopamine loss in the dorsolateral striatum as a result of 6-hydroxydopamine lesions. We evaluated the impact of Gpr88 knockdown on the Parkinson disease model using behavioural, immunohistochemical and in situ hybridization studies. RESULTS Knockdown of Gpr88 in associative territories of the dorsal striatum efficiently reduced alterations in mood, motivation and cognition through modulation of the regulator of the G-protein signalling 4 and of the truncated splice variant of the FosB transcription factor. Knockdown of Gpr88 also reduced allostatic changes in striatal activity markers that may be related to patterns observed in patients and that provide support for an "overload" hypothesis for the etiology of the psychiatric symptoms of Parkinson disease. LIMITATIONS Behavioural tests assessing specific cognitive and motivational parameters are needed to further characterize the effects of the lesion and of Gpr88 knockdown in early-stage and advanced Parkinson disease models, presenting more extensive dopamine loss. Additional studies focusing on the direct and indirect striatal output pathways are also required, because little is known about the signalling pathways regulated by GPR88 in different striatal cell types. CONCLUSION GPR88 may constitute a highly relevant target for the treatment of the psychiatric symptoms of Parkinson disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Galet
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Manuela Ingallinesi
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Jonathan Pegon
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Anh Do Thi
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Philippe Ravassard
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Nicole Faucon Biguet
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
| | - Rolando Meloni
- Biotechnology and Biotherapy team, ICM Brain and Spine Institute, Sorbonne University/INSERM U 1127/CNRS UMR 7225, CHU Pitié-Salpêtrière, Paris, France (Galet, Ingallinesi, Pegon, Do Thi, Ravassard, Faucon Biguet, Meloni)
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Ramos C, Roberts JB, Jasso KR, Ten Eyck TW, Everett T, Pozo P, Setlow B, McIntyre JC. Neuron-specific cilia loss differentially alters locomotor responses to amphetamine in mice. J Neurosci Res 2020; 99:827-842. [PMID: 33175436 DOI: 10.1002/jnr.24755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 10/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The neural mechanisms that underlie responses to drugs of abuse are complex, and impacted by a number of neuromodulatory peptides. Within the past 10 years it has been discovered that several of the receptors for neuromodulators are enriched in the primary cilia of neurons. Primary cilia are microtubule-based organelles that project from the surface of nearly all mammalian cells, including neurons. Despite what we know about cilia, our understanding of how cilia regulate neuronal function and behavior is still limited. The primary objective of this study was to investigate the contributions of primary cilia on specific neuronal populations to behavioral responses to amphetamine. To test the consequences of cilia loss on amphetamine-induced locomotor activity we selectively ablated cilia from dopaminergic or GAD2-GABAergic neurons in mice. Cilia loss had no effect on baseline locomotion in either mouse strain. In mice lacking cilia on dopaminergic neurons, locomotor activity compared to wild- type mice was reduced in both sexes in response to acute administration of 3.0 mg/kg amphetamine. In contrast, changes in the locomotor response to amphetamine in mice lacking cilia on GAD2-GABAergic neurons were primarily driven by reductions in locomotor activity in males. Following repeated amphetamine administration (1.0 mg kg-1 day-1 over 5 days), mice lacking cilia on GAD2-GABAergic neurons exhibited enhanced sensitization of the locomotor stimulant response to the drug, whereas mice lacking cilia on dopaminergic neurons did not differ from wild-type controls. These results indicate that cilia play neuron-specific roles in both acute and neuroplastic responses to psychostimulant drugs of abuse.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlos Ramos
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jonté B Roberts
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Kalene R Jasso
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Tyler W Ten Eyck
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Thomas Everett
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Patricia Pozo
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Barry Setlow
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
| | - Jeremy C McIntyre
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA.,Center for Addiction Research and Education, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, USA
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Thomson DM, Openshaw RL, Mitchell EJ, Kouskou M, Millan MJ, Mannoury la Cour C, Morris BJ, Pratt JA. Impaired working memory, cognitive flexibility and reward processing in mice genetically lacking Gpr88: Evidence for a key role for Gpr88 in multiple cortico-striatal-thalamic circuits. GENES BRAIN AND BEHAVIOR 2020; 20:e12710. [PMID: 33078498 DOI: 10.1111/gbb.12710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 10/08/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
The GPR88 orphan G protein-coupled receptor is expressed throughout the striatum, being preferentially localised in medium spiny neurons. It is also present in lower densities in frontal cortex and thalamus. Rare mutations in humans suggest a role in cognition and motor function, while common variants are associated with psychosis. Here we evaluate the influence of genetic deletion of GPR88 upon performance in translational tasks interrogating motivation, reward evaluation and cognitive function. In an automated radial arm maze 'N-back' working memory task, Gpr88 KO mice showed impaired correct responding, suggesting a role for GPR88 receptors in working memory circuitry. Associative learning performance was similar to wild-type controls in a touchscreen task but performance was impaired at the reversal learning stage, suggesting cognitive inflexibility. Gpr88 KO mice showed higher breakpoints, reduced latencies and lengthened session time in a progressive ratio task consistent with enhanced motivation. Simultaneously, locomotor hyperactivity was apparent in this task, supporting previous findings of actions of GPR88 in a cortico-striatal-thalamic motor loop. Evidence for a role of GPR88 in reward processing was demonstrated in a touchscreen-based equivalent of the Iowa gambling task. Although both Gpr88 KO and wild-type mice showed a preference for an optimum contingency choice, Gpr88 KO mice selected more risky choices at the expense of more advantageous lower risk options. Together these novel data suggest that striatal GPR88 receptors influence activity in a range of procedures integrated by prefrontal, orbitofrontal and anterior cingulate cortico-striatal-thalamic loops leading to altered cognitive, motivational and reward evaluation processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- David M Thomson
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Rebecca L Openshaw
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Emma J Mitchell
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Marianna Kouskou
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
| | - Mark J Millan
- Centre for Therapeutic Innovation-CNS, Institute de Recherche Servier, Croissy-sur-Seine, France
| | | | - Brian J Morris
- Institute of Neuroscience and Psychology, College of Medical, Veterinary and Life Sciences, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - Judith A Pratt
- Strathclyde Institute of Pharmacy and Biomedical Science, University of Strathclyde, Glasgow, G4 0RE, United Kingdom
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