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Rahman MT, Guan D, Chaminda Lakmal HH, Decker AM, Imler GH, Kerr AT, Harris DL, Jin C. Design, Synthesis, and Structure-Activity Relationship Studies of Novel GPR88 Agonists (4-Substituted-phenyl)acetamides Based on the Reversed Amide Scaffold. ACS Chem Neurosci 2024; 15:169-192. [PMID: 38086012 PMCID: PMC10843732 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.3c00684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
The development of synthetic agonists for the orphan receptor GPR88 has recently attracted significant interest, given the promise of GPR88 as a novel drug target for psychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Examination of structure-activity relationships of two known agonist scaffolds 2-PCCA and 2-AMPP, as well as the recently resolved cryo-EM structure of 2-PCCA-bound GPR88, led to the design of a new scaffold based on the "reversed amide" strategy of 2-AMPP. A series of novel (4-substituted-phenyl)acetamides were synthesized and assessed in cAMP accumulation assays as GPR88 agonists, which led to the discovery of several compounds with better or comparable potencies to 2-AMPP. Computational docking studies suggest that these novel GPR88 agonists bind to the same allosteric site of GPR88 that 2-PCCA occupies. Collectively, our findings provide structural insight and SAR requirement at the allosteric site of GPR88 and a new scaffold for further development of GPR88 allosteric agonists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Toufiqur Rahman
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Dongliang Guan
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Hetti Handi Chaminda Lakmal
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Ann M Decker
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6920, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Andrew T Kerr
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6920, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Danni L Harris
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Chunyang Jin
- Center for Drug Discovery, Research Triangle Institute, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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2
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Das M, Ward GW, Sulima A, Luo D, Prisinzano TE, Imler GH, Kerr AT, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Potent MOR Agonists from 2'-Hydroxy-5,9-dimethyl- N-phenethyl Substituted-6,7-benzomorphans and from C8-Hydroxy, Methylene and Methyl Derivatives of N-Phenethylnormetazocine. Molecules 2023; 28:7709. [PMID: 38067439 PMCID: PMC10708259 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28237709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2023] [Revised: 11/16/2023] [Accepted: 11/17/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
(-)-5,9-Dimethyl-6,7-benzomorphan (normetazocine) derivatives with a para-OH or ortho-F substituent in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized and found to have subnanomolar potency at MOR, and both were fully efficacious in vitro. These new compounds, (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(2-fluorophenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol and (1R,5R,9R)-6,11-dimethyl-3-(4-hydroxyphenethyl)-1,2,3,4,5,6-hexahydro-2,6-methanobenzo[d]azocin-8-ol, were more potent than the unsubstituted compound N-phenethylnormetazocine and about 30 or 40 times more potent than morphine, respectively. A variety of substituents in the ortho, meta, or para position in the aromatic ring of the N-phenethyl moiety were synthesized, 25 of these compounds, and found to have varying effects on potency and efficacy as determined by the forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay. The N-phenethyl moiety was also modified by increasing chain length to form a N-phenylpropyl side chain with and without a para-nitro moiety, and by an N-cinnamyl side chain. Also, an indole ethylamine normetazocine was synthesized to replace the N-phenethylamine side chain in normetazocine. The phenylpropylamine, propenylamine (cinnamyl) and the para-nitropropylamine had little or no MOR potency. The indole-ethylamine on the normetazocine nucleus, however, had moderate potency (MOR EC50 = 12 nM), and was fully efficacious (%Emax = 102%) in the cAMP assay. Retention of the N-phenethyl moiety and the addition of alkyl and alkenyl moieties on C8 in (-)-N-phenethylnormetazocine gave a C8-methylene derivative that had subnanomolar potency at MOR and a C8-methyl analog that had nanomolar potency. Five C8-substituted compounds were synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhurima Das
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - George W. Ward
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.L.); (T.E.P.)
| | - Thomas Edward Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA; (D.L.); (T.E.P.)
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (A.T.K.)
| | - Andrew T. Kerr
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (A.T.K.)
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (M.D.); (G.W.W.); (A.S.)
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3
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Cleveland AH, Davis JV, Imler GH, Byrd EFC, Snyder CJ, Chavez DE, Parrish DA. Investigation into a Conformationally Locked (Z)-Azidoxime. J Org Chem 2023; 88:14404-14412. [PMID: 37820360 DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.3c01324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/13/2023]
Abstract
High nitrogen compounds find wide use in the development of new propellants and explosives as well as pharmaceutical chemistry as bioisosteres, bacterial stains, and antifungal agents. A class of underexplored high-nitrogen materials includes azidoximes and their 1-hydroxytetrazole isomers. Azidoximes possess an energetic azide group and are quite sensitive to impact, spark, and friction. Therefore, these materials are generated in situ and cyclized under mild acidic conditions to their 1-hydroxytetrazole isomers. Recently, we synthesized a novel 1,2,4-triazine-derived azidoxime; however, upon subjecting this material to established cyclization conditions, no reaction was observed, even after prolonged reaction times with heating. Additional 1,2,4-triazine-derived azidoximes also displayed a similar lack of reactivities. This observation led us to probe the reactivity of these materials with both a DFT investigation and crystallographically based electrostatic potential mapping. In all, the lack of reactivity toward cyclization was found to be due to an inability of 1,2,4-triazine-based azidoximes to isomerize into the reactive (E)-conformation, requiring an activation energy of 26.4 kcal mol-1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander H Cleveland
- High Explosive Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Jack V Davis
- High Explosive Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
| | - Edward F C Byrd
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Adelphi, Maryland 20783, United States
| | - Christopher J Snyder
- High Explosive Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - David E Chavez
- High Explosive Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- U.S. Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, D.C.20375, United States
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4
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Froimowitz M, Taboada R, Poulos ZJ, Rainone DJ, Imler GH, Gardner EL, Kelley CJ. Chiral Resolution of the Enantiomers of the Slow-Onset Dopamine Reuptake Inhibitor CTDP-32476 and Their Activities. ACS Omega 2023; 8:35738-35745. [PMID: 37810691 PMCID: PMC10552101 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c02997] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2023] [Accepted: 07/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
An improved synthesis was developed for CDTP-32476, a potent slow-onset dopamine reuptake blocker that may have utility as a treatment for cocaine abuse. The enantiomers of the compound were separated by fractional crystallization with N-acetylleucine enantiomers. An X-ray crystal structure was obtained of the RR enantiomer paired with N-acetyl-d-leucine. Chiral chromatography showed that the resolved enantiomers were pure with little contamination by the other enantiomer. The enantiomers were tested for their ability to block the reuptake of monoamines at their respective transporters and to stimulate locomotor activity in mice. Both enantiomers potently blocked the reuptake of dopamine and stimulated locomotor activity in mice. The RR enantiomer that corresponds to the active RR enantiomer of methylphenidate was slightly more potent at the dopamine reuptake site. The RR enantiomer also was found to be about twice as selective for the dopamine transporter relative to the norepinephrine transporter, which may have clinical implications. A method for designing slow-onset stimulants is proposed since there is increasing evidence that such activity is an important factor in stimulants that may have limited abuse potential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mark Froimowitz
- 90
Eastbourne Road, Newton Centre, Massachusetts 02459, United States
| | - Rosa Taboada
- Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Zachary J. Poulos
- Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Dominic J. Rainone
- Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval
Research Laboratory, Code 6930, 4555 Overlook Ave., SW, Washington D.C., 20375I, United States
| | - Eliot L. Gardner
- Intramural
Research Program, National Institute on
Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, 251 Bayview Blvd, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - Charles J. Kelley
- Massachusetts
College of Pharmacy and Health Sciences, 179 Longwood Avenue, Boston, Massachusetts 02115, United States
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5
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Lutz JA, Sulima A, Gutman ES, Bow EW, Luo D, Kaska S, Prisinzano TE, Paronis CA, Bergman J, Imler GH, Kerr AT, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Discovery of a Potent Highly Biased MOR Partial Agonist among Diastereomeric C9-Hydroxyalkyl-5-phenylmorphans. Molecules 2023; 28:4795. [PMID: 37375350 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28124795] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/30/2023] [Accepted: 06/06/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
All possible diastereomeric C9-hydroxymethyl-, hydroxyethyl-, and hydroxypropyl-substituted 5-phenylmorphans were synthesized to explore the three-dimensional space around the C9 substituent in our search for potent MOR partial agonists. These compounds were designed to lessen the lipophilicity observed with their C9-alkenyl substituted relatives. Many of the 12 diastereomers that were obtained were found to have nanomolar or subnanomolar potency in the forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay. Almost all these potent compounds were fully efficacious, and three of those chosen for in vivo evaluation, 15, 21, and 36, were all extremely G-protein biased; none of the three compounds recruited beta-arrestin2. Only one of the 12 diastereomers, 21 (3-((1S,5R,9R)-9-(2-hydroxyethyl)-2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol), was a MOR partial agonist with good, but not full, efficacy (Emax = 85%) and subnanomolar potency (EC50 = 0.91 nM) in the cAMP assay. It did not have any KOR agonist activity. This compound was unlike morphine in that it had a limited ventilatory effect in vivo. The activity of 21 could be related to one or more of three well-known theories that attempt to predict a dissociation of the desired analgesia from the undesirable opioid-like side-effects associated with clinically used opioids. In accordance with the theories, 21 was a potent MOR partial agonist, it was highly G-protein biased and did not attract beta-arrestin2, and it was found to have both MOR and DOR agonist activity. All the other diastereomers that were synthesized were either much less potent than 21 or had either too little or too much efficacy for our purposes. It was also noted that a C9-methoxymethyl compound with 1R,5S,9R stereochemistry (41) was more potent than the comparable C9-hydroxymethyl compound 11 (EC50 = 0.65 nM for 41 vs. 2.05 nM for 11). Both 41 and 11 were fully efficacious.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joshua A Lutz
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
| | - Eugene S Gutman
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
| | - Eric W Bow
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Sophia Kaska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Thomas E Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, 789 S. Limestone Street, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Carol A Paronis
- McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Jack Bergman
- McLean Hospital/Harvard Medical School, 115 Mill Street, Belmont, MA 02478, USA
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-0001, USA
| | - Andrew T Kerr
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375-0001, USA
| | - Arthur E Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892-3373, USA
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6
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Li F, Kopajtic TA, Katz JL, Luo D, Prisinzano TE, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Synthesis and Pharmacological Evaluation of Enantiopure N-Substituted Ortho-c Oxide-Bridged 5-Phenylmorphans. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27248808. [PMID: 36557961 PMCID: PMC9785231 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2022] [Revised: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
The design of enantiopure stereoisomers of N-2-phenylcyclopropylmethyl-substituted ortho-c oxide-bridged phenylmorphans, the E and Z isomers of an N-cinnamyl moiety, and N-propyl enantiomers were based on combining the most potent oxide-bridged phenylmorphan (the ortho-c isomer) with the most potent N-substituent that we previously found with a 5-(3-hydroxy)phenylmorphan (i.e., N-2-phenylcyclopropyl methyl moieties, N-cinnamyl, and N-propyl substituents). The synthesis of the eight enantiopure N-2-phenylcyclopropylmethyl ortho-c oxide-bridged phenylmorphans and six additional enantiomers of the N-substituted ortho-c oxide-bridged phenylmorphans (N-E and Z-cinnamyl compounds, and N-propyl compounds) was accomplished. The synthesis started from common intermediates (3R,6aS,11aS)-10-methoxy-1,3,4,5,6,11a-hexahydro-2H-3,6a-methano-benzofuro[2,3-c]azocine (+)-6 and its enantiomer, (3S, 6aR, 11aR)-(-)-6, respectively. The enantiomers of ±-6 were obtained through salt formation with (S)-(+)- and (R)-(-)-p-methylmandelic acid, and the absolute configuration of the (R)-(-)-p-methylmandelate salt of (3S, 6aR, 11aR)-(-)-6 was determined by single-crystal X-ray analysis. The enantiomeric secondary amines were reacted with N-(2-phenylcyclopropyl)methyl derivatives, 2-(E)-cinnamyl bromide, and (Z)-3-phenylacrylic acid. These products led to all of the desired N-derivatives of the ortho-c oxide-bridged phenylmorphans. Their opioid receptor binding affinity was measured. The compounds with MOR affinity < 50 nM were examined for their functional activity in the forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay. Only the enantiomer of the N-phenethyl ortho-c oxide-bridged phenylmorphan ((-)-1), and only the (3S,6aR,11aR)-2-(((1S,2S)-2-phenylcyclopropyl)methyl)-1,3,4,5,6,11a-hexahydro-2H-3,6a-methanobenzofuro[2,3-c]azocin-10-ol isomer ((+)-17), and the N-phenylpropyl derivative ((-)-25) had opioid binding affinity < 50 nM. Both (-)-1 and (-)-25 were partial agonists in the cAMP assay, with the former showing high potency and low efficacy, and the latter with lower potency and less efficacy. Most interesting was the N-2-phenylcyclopropylmethyl (3S,6aR,11aR)-2-(1S,2S)-enantiomer ((+)-17). That compound had good MOR binding affinity (Ki = 11.9 nM) and was found to have naltrexone-like potency as a MOR antagonist (IC50 = 6.92 nM).
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuying Li
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
| | - Theresa A. Kopajtic
- Psychobiology Section, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Jonathan L. Katz
- Psychobiology Section, Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse, National Institutes of Health, Baltimore, MD 21224, USA
| | - Dan Luo
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Thomas E. Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Kentucky, Lexington, KY 40536, USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse and National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, Rockville, MD 20852, USA
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
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7
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Brandt AL, Garai S, Zagzoog A, Hurst DP, Stevenson LA, Pertwee RG, Imler GH, Reggio PH, Thakur GA, Laprairie RB. Pharmacological evaluation of enantiomerically separated positive allosteric modulators of cannabinoid 1 receptor, GAT591 and GAT593. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:919605. [PMID: 36386195 PMCID: PMC9640980 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.919605] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Positive allosteric modulation of the type 1 cannabinoid receptor (CB1R) has substantial potential to treat both neurological and immune disorders. To date, a few studies have evaluated the structure-activity relationship (SAR) for CB1R positive allosteric modulators (PAMs). In this study, we separated the enantiomers of the previously characterized two potent CB1R ago-PAMs GAT591 and GAT593 to determine their biochemical activity at CB1R. Separating the enantiomers showed that the R-enantiomers (GAT1665 and GAT1667) displayed mixed allosteric agonist-PAM activity at CB1R while the S-enantiomers (GAT1664 and GAT1666) showed moderate activity. Furthermore, we observed that the R and S-enantiomers had distinct binding sites on CB1R, which led to their distinct behavior both in vitro and in vivo. The R-enantiomers (GAT1665 and GAT1667) produced ago-PAM effects in vitro, and PAM effects in the in vivo behavioral triad, indicating that the in vivo activity of these ligands may occur via PAM rather than agonist-based mechanisms. Overall, this study provides mechanistic insight into enantiospecific interaction of 2-phenylindole class of CB1R allosteric modulators, which have shown therapeutic potential in the treatment of pain, epilepsy, glaucoma, and Huntington's disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asher L. Brandt
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Sumanta Garai
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Ayat Zagzoog
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
| | - Dow P. Hurst
- Center for Drug Discovery, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Lesley A. Stevenson
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Roger G. Pertwee
- School of Medicine, Medical Sciences and Nutrition, Institute of Medical Sciences, University of Aberdeen, Aberdeen, Scotland, United Kingdom
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Centre for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Patricia H. Reggio
- Center for Drug Discovery, University of North Carolina Greensboro, Greensboro, NC, United States
| | - Ganesh A. Thakur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Bouvé College of Health Sciences, Boston, MA, United States
| | - Robert B. Laprairie
- College of Pharmacy and Nutrition, University of Saskatchewan, Saskatoon, SK, Canada
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Dalhousie University, Halifax, NS, Canada
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8
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Mian MY, Divović B, Sharmin D, Pandey KP, Golani LK, Tiruveedhula VVNP, Cerne R, Smith JL, Ping X, Jin X, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Lippa A, Cook JM, Savić MM, Rowlett J, Witkin JM. Hydrochloride Salt of the GABAkine KRM-II-81. ACS Omega 2022; 7:27550-27559. [PMID: 35967038 PMCID: PMC9366947 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.2c03029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2022] [Accepted: 07/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Imidazodiazepine (5-(8-ethynyl-6-(pyridin-2-yl)-4H-benzo[f]imidazole[1,5-α][1,4]diazepin-3-yl) oxazole or KRM-II-81) is a potentiator of GABAA receptors (a GABAkine) undergoing preparation for clinical development. KRM-II-81 is active against many seizure and pain models in rodents, where it exhibits improved pharmacological properties over standard-of-care agents. Since salts can be utilized to create opportunities for increased solubility, enhanced absorption, and distribution, as well as for efficient methods of bulk synthesis, a hydrochloride salt of KRM-II-81 was prepared. KRM-II-81·HCl was produced from the free base with anhydrous hydrochloric acid. The formation of the monohydrochloride salt was confirmed by X-ray crystallography, as well as 1H NMR and 13C NMR analyses. High water solubility and a lower partition coefficient (octanol/water) were exhibited by KRM-II-81·HCl as compared to the free base. Oral administration of either KRM-II-81·HCl or the free base resulted in high concentrations in the brain and plasma of rats. Oral dosing in mice significantly increased the latency to both clonic and tonic convulsions and decreased pentylenetetrazol-induced lethality. The increased water solubility of the HCl salt enables intravenous dosing and the potential for higher concentration formulations compared with the free base without impacting anticonvulsant potency. Thus, KRM-II-81·HCl adds an important new compound to facilitate the development of these imidazodiazepines for clinical evaluation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Yeunus Mian
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Branka Divović
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - Dishary Sharmin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Kamal P. Pandey
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Lalit K. Golani
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - V. V. N. Phani
Babu Tiruveedhula
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
| | - Rok Cerne
- Laboratory
of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, St. Vincent’s
Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana 46260, United
States
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue
University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
- Faculty
of Medicine, University of Ljubljana, Zaloška cesta 4, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- RespireRx
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Glen Rock, New Jersey 07452, United States
| | - Jodi L. Smith
- Laboratory
of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, St. Vincent’s
Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana 46260, United
States
| | - Xingjie Ping
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue
University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Xiaoming Jin
- Department
of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Indiana University/Purdue
University, Indianapolis, Indiana 46202, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval
Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Naval
Research Laboratory, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Arnold Lippa
- RespireRx
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Glen Rock, New Jersey 07452, United States
| | - James M. Cook
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
- RespireRx
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Glen Rock, New Jersey 07452, United States
| | - Miroslav M. Savić
- Department
of Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, University
of Belgrade, Belgrade 11000, Serbia
| | - James Rowlett
- Department
of Psychiatry and Human Behavior, University
of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, Mississippi 39216, United States
| | - Jeffrey M. Witkin
- Department
of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Milwaukee Institute of Drug Discovery, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, Milwaukee, Wisconsin 53211, United States
- Laboratory
of Antiepileptic Drug Discovery, St. Vincent’s
Hospital, Indianapolis, Indiana 46260, United
States
- RespireRx
Pharmaceuticals Inc., Glen Rock, New Jersey 07452, United States
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9
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Sulima A, Li F, Morgan JB, Truong P, Antoline JFG, Oertel T, Barrientos RC, Torres OB, Beck Z, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Matyas GR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. Design, Synthesis, and In Vivo Evaluation of C1-Linked 4,5-Epoxymorphinan Haptens for Heroin Vaccines. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27051553. [PMID: 35268659 PMCID: PMC8911913 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27051553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2021] [Revised: 02/16/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
In our continuing effort to develop effective anti-heroin vaccines as potential medications for the treatment of opioid use disorder, herein we present the design and synthesis of the haptens: 1-AmidoMorHap (1), 1-AmidoMorHap epimer (2), 1 Amido-DihydroMorHap (3), and 1 Amido-DihydroMorHap epimer (4). This is the first report of hydrolytically stable haptenic surrogates of heroin with the attachment site at the C1 position in the 4,5-epoxymorophinan nucleus. We prepared respective tetanus toxoid (TT)–hapten conjugates as heroin vaccine immunogens and evaluated their efficacy in vivo. We showed that all TT–hapten conjugates induced high antibody endpoint titers against the targets but only haptens 2 and 3 can induce protective effects against heroin in vivo. The epimeric analogues of these haptens, 1 and 4, failed to protect mice from the effects of heroin. We also showed that the in vivo efficacy is consistent with the results of the in vitro drug sequestration assay. Attachment of the linker at the C1 position induced antibodies with weak binding to the target drugs. Only TT-2 and TT-3 yielded antibodies that bound heroin and 6-acetyl morphine. None of the TT–hapten conjugates induced antibodies that cross-reacted with morphine, methadone, naloxone, or naltrexone, and only TT-3 interacted weakly with buprenorphine, and that subtle structural difference, especially at the C6 position, can vastly alter the specificity of the induced antibodies. This study is an important contribution in the field of vaccine development against small-molecule targets, providing proof that the chirality at C6 in these epoxymorphinans is a vital key to their effectiveness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Fuying Li
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Jeffrey Brian Morgan
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Phong Truong
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Joshua F. G. Antoline
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
| | - Therese Oertel
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Rodell C. Barrientos
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Oscar B. Torres
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Zoltan Beck
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine, 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, MD 20817, USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, USA; (G.H.I.); (J.R.D.)
| | - Gary R. Matyas
- Laboratory of Adjuvant and Antigen Research, US Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910, USA; (T.O.); (R.C.B.); (O.B.T.); (Z.B.); (G.R.M.)
| | - Arthur E. Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
| | - Kenner C. Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services, 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA; (A.S.); (F.L.); (J.B.M.); (P.T.); (J.F.G.A.)
- Correspondence: (A.E.J.); (K.C.R.); Tel.: +1-301-451-5028 (A.E.J.); +1-301-451-4799 (K.C.R.)
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10
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Diethelm-Varela B, Kumar A, Lynch C, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Li Y, Xia M, MacKerell AD, Xue F. Stereoisomerization of human constitutive androstane receptor agonist CITCO. Tetrahedron 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2020.131886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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11
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Davis MC, Imler GH. Nitrolysis of syn,syn-2,4,6-tris-(n-propyl)-hexahydro-1,3,5-tripropionyl-s-triazine. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.152665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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12
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Giles ID, Imler GH, Deschamps JR. Structure and Properties of 1,4‐Bis(Trinitromethyl)Benzene. Prop , Explos , Pyrotech 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/prep.201900394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ian D. Giles
- Center for Biomolecular Science and EngineeringU.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and EngineeringU.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and EngineeringU.S. Naval Research Laboratory Washington, D.C. 20375
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13
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Yu Q, Yang H, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Cheng G, Shreeve JM. Derivatives of 3,6-Bis(3-aminofurazan-4-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine: Excellent Energetic Properties with Lower Sensitivities. ACS Appl Mater Interfaces 2020; 12:31522-31531. [PMID: 32545963 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.0c08526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To find a balance between energy and safety, a series of compounds based on azo-, azoxy-, 1,4,2,5-dioxadiazene-, and 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine-bridged bis(aminofurazan) were designed and synthesized. These compounds were analyzed by nitro group charges (Qnitro) and bond dissociation energy (BDE) calculations, which are related to sensitivity and stability. Based on the calculated results, derivatives of 3,6-bis(3-aminofurazan-4-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine have the largest values for -Qnitro and BDE of all of the bis(aminofurazan) compounds. This shows that compounds based on 3,6-bis(3-aminofurazan-4-ylamino)-1,2,4,5-tetrazine have the lowest sensitivities and best stabilities, which has been substantiated by experiments. Additionally, their explosive properties remain essentially competitive with compounds based on azo-, azoxy-, and 1,4,2,5-dioxadiazene-bridged bis(aminofurazan). Hirshfeld surface calculations were also performed to better understand the relationship between the molecular structure and stability/sensitivity. This work highlights the value of 3,6-diamino-1,2,4,5-tetrazine as a linker to achieve good balance between safety and energy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Hongwei Yang
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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14
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Ma J, Zhang J, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. gem-Dinitromethyl-Functionalized 5-Amino-1,3,4-oxadiazolate Derivatives: Alternate Route, Characterization, and Property Analysis. Org Lett 2020; 22:4771-4775. [PMID: 32515978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.0c01569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A new, safer, and more cost-effective methodology to synthesize salts based on gem-dinitromethyl-functionalized 5-amino-1,3,4-oxadiazolate is given. Cyclization, deprotection, nitration, and neutralization reactions were conducted to obtain products in high yield. All compounds were fully characterized by NMR and IR spectroscopy, elemental analysis, and differential scanning calorimetry. Crystal structure analysis, property tests, and theoretical calculations confirm good detonation performance and high mechanical stabilities of the salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States.,Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biomaterials Research Center, Zhuhai 519003, China
| | - Jiaheng Zhang
- Zhuhai Institute of Advanced Technology Chinese Academy of Sciences, Biomaterials Research Center, Zhuhai 519003, China.,Research Centre of Flexible Printed Electronic Technology, Harbin Institute of Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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15
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Gutman ES, Bow E, Li F, Sulima A, Kaska S, Crowley R, Prisinzano TE, Lee YS, Hassan SA, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC. G-Protein biased opioid agonists: 3-hydroxy- N-phenethyl-5-phenylmorphans with three-carbon chain substituents at C9. RSC Med Chem 2020; 11:896-904. [PMID: 33479684 DOI: 10.1039/d0md00104j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
A series of compounds have been synthesized with a variety of substituents based on a three-carbon chain at the C9-position of 3-hydroxy-N-phenethyl-5-phenylmorphan (3-(2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol). Three of these were found to be μ-opioid receptor agonists in the inhibition of forskolin-induced cAMP accumulation assay and they did not recruit β-arrestin at all in the PathHunter assay and in the Tango assay. Compound 12 (3-((1S,5R,9R)-2-phenethyl-9-propyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol), 13 (3-((1S,5R,9R)-9-((E)-3-hydroxyprop-1-en-1-yl)-2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol), and 15a (3-((1S,5R,9R)-9-(2-hydroxypropyl)-2-phenethyl-2-azabicyclo[3.3.1]nonan-5-yl)phenol) were partial μ-agonists. Two of them had moderate efficacies (E MAX ca. 65%) and one had lower efficacy, and they were ca. 5, 3, and 4 times more potent, respectively, than morphine in vitro. Computer simulations were carried out to provide a molecular basis for the high bias ratios of the C9-substituted 5-phenylmorphans toward G-protein activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eugene S Gutman
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
| | - Eric Bow
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
| | - Fuying Li
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
| | - Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
| | - Sophia Kaska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , University of Kentucky , 789 S. Limestone Street , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , USA
| | - Rachel Crowley
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry , School of Pharmacy , University of Kansas , 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , USA
| | - Thomas E Prisinzano
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences , College of Pharmacy , University of Kentucky , 789 S. Limestone Street , Lexington , Kentucky 40536 , USA.,Department of Medicinal Chemistry , School of Pharmacy , University of Kansas , 1251 Wescoe Hall Drive, 4070 Malott , Lawrence , Kansas 66045 , USA
| | - Yong-Sok Lee
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Center for Information Technology , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-5624 , USA
| | - Sergio A Hassan
- Center for Molecular Modeling, Center for Information Technology , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-5624 , USA
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering , Naval Research Laboratory , Washington DC , 20375-0001 , USA
| | - Jeffrey R Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering , Naval Research Laboratory , Washington DC , 20375-0001 , USA
| | - Arthur E Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section , Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch , Intramural Research Program , National Institute on Drug Abuse , National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism , National Institutes of Health , Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive , Bethesda , MD 20892-3373 , USA . ; ; ; Tel: +1 301 240 5216 ; Tel: +1 301 217 5200
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16
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Tang Y, Huang W, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Enforced Planar FOX-7-like Molecules: A Strategy for Thermally Stable and Insensitive π-Conjugated Energetic Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7153-7160. [PMID: 32227996 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c01640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Exploring new energetic derivatives of 1,1-diamino-2,2-dinitroethylene (FOX-7) is still a key aspect in the field of energetic materials. However, so far most of the attention has been focused on modification of FOX-7 via different reaction strategies. Now we report the design of three new FOX-7-like compounds (3-5) where one nitro group in FOX-7 is replaced by a nitrogen-rich heterocyclic ring. Each of them is characterized by single-crystal X-ray crystallography. Electronic structures are studied through computational methods in comparison with FOX-7. In addition, the chemical reactivity of 3 was also investigated. Its hydroxylammonium (7), hydrazinium (8), and ammonium (9) salts were prepared, and the nitrate product (10) was also isolated. Compound 10 has a C-N bond length of 1.577 Å that is one of the longest values found for the C-NO2 bond. It was found that the incorporation of a tetrazole or triazole ring into the backbone of a conjugated nitroenamine does lead to a planar structure, which not only enhances the thermal stability but also improves the sensitivity of the product.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China.,Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Wei Huang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing 210094, China
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C., 20375, United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C., 20375, United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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17
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Davis MC, Groshens TJ, Imler GH. Triple allylation/acylation of 1,3,5-triazine with allyltributyltin and carboxylic acid chlorides. Tetrahedron Lett 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tetlet.2020.151776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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18
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Lease N, Kay LM, Brown GW, Chavez DE, Robbins D, Byrd EFC, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Manner VW. Synthesis of Erythritol Tetranitrate Derivatives: Functional Group Tuning of Explosive Sensitivity. J Org Chem 2020; 85:4619-4626. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b03344] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Nicholas Lease
- High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Lisa M. Kay
- High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Geoffrey W. Brown
- High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - David E. Chavez
- High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - David Robbins
- Detonation Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
| | - Edward F. C. Byrd
- U.S. Army Research Laboratory, Aberdeen Proving Ground, Adelphi, Maryland 21005, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- U.S. Navy Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- U.S. Navy Research Laboratory, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Virginia W. Manner
- High Explosives Science and Technology, Los Alamos National Laboratory, Los Alamos, New Mexico 87545, United States
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19
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Huang W, Tang Y, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Nitrogen-Rich Tetrazolo[1,5- b]pyridazine: Promising Building Block for Advanced Energetic Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:3652-3657. [PMID: 32003985 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 57] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Two metal-free explosives, tetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine-containing molecules [6-azido-8-nitrotetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine-7-amine (3at) and 8-nitrotetrazolo[1,5-b]pyridazine-6,7-diamine (6)], were obtained via straightforward two-step synthetic routes from commercially available reagents. Compound 3at displays an excellent detonation performance (Dv = 8746 m s-1 and P = 31.5 GPa) that is superior to commercial primary explosives such as lead azide and diazodinitrophenol (DDNP). Compound 6 has superior thermal stability, remarkable insensitivity, and good detonation performance, strongly suggesting it as an acceptable secondary explosive. The initiating ability of compound 3at has been tested by detonating 500 mg of RDX with a surprisingly low minimum primary charge of 40 mg. The extraordinary initiating power surpasses conventional primary explosives, such as commercial DDNP (70 mg) and reported 6-nitro-7-azido-pyrazol[3,4-d][1,2,3]triazine-2-oxide (ICM-103) (60 mg). The outstanding detonation power of 3at contributes to its future prospects as a promising green primary explosive. In addition, the environmentally benign methodology for the synthesis of 3at effectively shortens the time from laboratory-scale research to practical applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Huang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China
| | - Yongxing Tang
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology , Nanjing , 210094 , China.,Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington, D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
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20
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Ma J, Tang Y, Cheng G, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Energetic Derivatives of 8-Nitropyrazolo[1,5-a][1,3,5]triazine-2,4,7-triamine: Achieving Balanced Explosives by Fusing Pyrazole with Triazine. Org Lett 2020; 22:1321-1325. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.9b04642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jinchao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Guangbin Cheng
- Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu 210094, China
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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21
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Liu HB, Imler GH, Baldridge KK, O'Connor RD, Siegel JS, Deschamps JR, Bewley CA. X-ray Crystallography and Unexpected Chiroptical Properties Reassign the Configuration of Haliclonadiamine. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:2755-2759. [PMID: 31986017 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b12926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Haliclonadiamine and papuamine are bis-indane marine natural products isolated from the marine sponge Haliclona sp. Their relative structures were previously reported to differ by inversion at only one of their eight shared stereocenters. Here X-ray crystallography shows the opposite to be true: papuamine has a 1R,3S,8R,9S,14S,15R,20S,22R configuration, while haliclonadiamine has a 1S,3R,8S,9R,14R,15S,20R,22R configuration. Paradoxically the ECD of each structure displays a negative Cotton effect. X-ray crystallography reveals the two structures adopt similar conformations of their 13-membered macrocyclic core that comprises a configurationally relevant diene. B97x-D/Def2-TZVPP-(MeOH)-calculated ECD supports the diene configuration with the macrocycle dominating the ECD Cotton effect for haliclonadiamine and papuamine. Additional crystallographic and chiroptical analyses of three sponge samples from geographically distant locations indicate this pair of natural products always exists as a configurationally related couple. The co-discovery of a biosynthetic precursor, halichondriamine C, present in these same Haliclona samples must be considered when discussing any biosynthetic pathway. Taken together, this work justifies a reassignment of haliclonadiamine's structure and opens the question of how this complex stereochemical relationship between haliclonadiamine and palauamine arises biosynthetically.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hong-Bing Liu
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892-0820 , United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering , Naval Research Laboratory , Code 6930, Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Kim K Baldridge
- Health Science Platform , Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District , Tianjin 300072 , P.R. China
| | - Robert D O'Connor
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892-0820 , United States
| | - Jay S Siegel
- Health Science Platform , Tianjin University , 92 Weijin Road, Nankai District , Tianjin 300072 , P.R. China
| | - Jeffrey R Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering , Naval Research Laboratory , Code 6930, Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Carole A Bewley
- Laboratory of Bioorganic Chemistry, National Institute of Diabetes and Digestive and Kidney Diseases , National Institutes of Health , Bethesda , Maryland 20892-0820 , United States
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22
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Chinnam AK, Yu Q, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Azo- and methylene-bridged mixed azoles for stable and insensitive energetic applications. Dalton Trans 2020; 49:11498-11503. [DOI: 10.1039/d0dt02223c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A simple synthetic strategy for the preparation of high nitrogen content azo- and methylene bridged mixed energetic azoles was used.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
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23
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Abstract
Heterocyclic energetic polymers can bridge the gap between inert and detonable energetic materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taylor A. Manes
- Materials Science Division
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | | | - Kyle T. Sullivan
- Materials Science Division
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
| | - Eric V. Bukovsky
- Materials Science Division
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory
- Livermore
- USA
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24
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Zhao G, Yin P, Kumar D, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Bis(3-nitro-1-(trinitromethyl)-1 H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methanone: An Applicable and Very Dense Green Oxidizer. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:19581-19584. [PMID: 31775510 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b11326] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Ammonium perchlorate (AP) is most often used as a practical solid rocket propellant because of its excellent performance. However, AP has many shortcomings, including instability, high negative enthalpy of formation, and claimed health and environmental issues resulting from its combustion products. The pursuit of highly dense, high-performance, and environmentally friendly oxidizers as solid propellants has long attracted scientists around the world. In this work, bis(3-nitro-1-(trinitromethyl)-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methanone (3) was obtained from bis(3-nitro-1H-1,2,4-triazol-5-yl)methane (1) with chloroacetone followed by nitration. The structure of 3 was confirmed by elemental analysis and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. By introducing the carbonyl moiety, the density of 3 was increased to 1.945 g/cm3 and the decomposition temperature increased to 164 °C. Compound 3 is a green energetic oxidizer that has a positive oxygen balance (+8.7%), a high specific impulse (218 s), and an acceptable sensitivity (9 J, 240 N), making it a practical replacement for AP in solid rocket propellant formulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
| | - Ping Yin
- School of Materials Science & Engineering , Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081 , China
| | - Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry , Indian Institute of Technology , Roorkee , Uttarakhand 247667 , India
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
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25
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Liu Y, Zhao G, Yu Q, Tang Y, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Intermolecular Weak Hydrogen Bonding (Het-H-N/O): an Effective Strategy for the Synthesis of Monosubstituted 1,2,4,5-Tetrazine-Based Energetic Materials with Excellent Sensitivity. J Org Chem 2019; 84:16019-16026. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.joc.9b02484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yingle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering, Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, 180 Xueyuan Street, Huixing Lu, Zigong 643000, Sichuan, China
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6910, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6910, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, District of Columbia 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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26
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Abstract
Two nitrogen-rich inner bis(diazonium) salts, the 4,4'-dinitro-5,5'-diazo-2,2'-bisimidazole (2) and the 4,4'-dinitro-5,5'-diazo-3,3'-bispyrazole (4) zwitterions, are described. Compound 2 was synthesized unexpectedly from the nitration of 4,4'-dinitro-5,5'-diamino-1H,1'H-2,2'-bisimidazole (1) in a mixture of trifluoroacetic anhydride and 100% nitric acid. Both 2 and 4 show good thermal stability, especially 2 has a decomposition temperature of 199 °C, which is the highest one in any of the reported hydrogen-free nitrogen-rich diazonium salts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory , 4555 Overlook Avenue , Washington , D.C. 20375 , United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
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27
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Tang Y, Ma J, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Versatile functionalization of 3,5-diamino-4-nitropyrazole for promising insensitive energetic compounds. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:14490-14496. [PMID: 31528967 DOI: 10.1039/c9dt03138c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Variation of functional groups offers an efficient approach for tuning properties of materials such as thermal stability, and detonation performance while improving sensitivities to mechanical stimuli. Now versatile functionalization of 3,5-diamino-4-nitropyrazole involving the introduction of a tetrazole ring, or a guanyl group, or ring expansion is described. All of the compounds were fully characterized and some of them (2, 9 and 13) were verified by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Based on their good thermal stabilities and high detonation performance as well as insensitive properties, they are potentially insensitive energetic compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844-2343 USA. and Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094 China
| | - Jinchao Ma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844-2343 USA. and Nanjing University of Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, 210094 China
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, USA
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho, 83844-2343 USA.
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28
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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29
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Yingle Liu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
- Sichuan University of Science & Engineering, Zigong, Sichuan 643000, China
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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30
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Zhang M, Pagoria PF, Imler GH, Parrish D. Trimerization of 4‐Amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazole: Formation, Preparation, and Characterization of 4‐Diazo‐3,5‐bis(4‐amino‐3,5‐dinitropyrazol‐1‐yl) pyrazole (LLM‐226). J Heterocycl Chem 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mao‐Xi Zhang
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore California 94550 USA
| | - Philip F. Pagoria
- Lawrence Livermore National Laboratory 7000 East Avenue Livermore California 94550 USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington District of Columbia 20375 USA
| | - Damon Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington District of Columbia 20375 USA
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31
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Zhao G, Kumar D, Yin P, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Construction of Polynitro Compounds as High-Performance Oxidizers via a Two-Step Nitration of Various Functional Groups. Org Lett 2019; 21:1073-1077. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b04114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States,
| | - Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States,
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States,
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States,
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, DC 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States,
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32
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Lewin AH, Brieaddy L, Deschamps JR, Imler GH, Mascarella SW, Reddy PA, Carroll FI. Synthesis and Characterization of the Selective, Reversible PKC β Inhibitor (9 S)-9-[(Dimethylamino)methyl]-6,7,10,11-tetrahydro-9 H,18 H-5,21:12,17-dimethenodibenzo[ e,k]pyrrolo[3,4- h][1,4,13]oxadiazacyclohexadecine-18,20(19 H)-dione, Ruboxistaurin (LY333531). ACS Chem Neurosci 2019; 10:246-251. [PMID: 30156829 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.8b00196] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
The demonstrated role of PKCβ in mediating amphetamine-stimulated dopamine efflux, which regulates amphetamine-induced dopamine transporter trafficking and activity, has promoted the research use of the selective, reversible PKCβ inhibitor (9 S)-9-[(dimethylamino)methyl]-6,7,10,11-tetrahydro-9 H,18 H-5,21:12,17-dimethenodibenzo[ e,k]pyrrolo[3,4- h][1,4,13]oxadiazacyclohexadecine-18,20(19 H)-dione, ruboxistaurin. Despite the interest in development of ruboxistaurin as the mesylate monohydrate (Arxxant) for the treatment of diabetic retinopathy, macular edema, and nephoropathy, several crucial details in physicochemical characterization were erroneous or missing. This report describes the synthesis and full characterization of ruboxistaurin free base (as a monohydrate), including X-ray crystallography to confirm the absolute configuration, and of the mesylate salt, isolated as a hydrate containing 1.5 mol of water per mole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anita H. Lewin
- Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Larry Brieaddy
- Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - Jeffrey R. Deschamps
- Laboratory for Biosensors and Biomaterials, Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Laboratory for Biosensors and Biomaterials, Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, United States Naval Research Laboratory (NRL), Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - S. Wayne Mascarella
- Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - P. Anantha Reddy
- Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
| | - F. Ivy Carroll
- Research Triangle Institute, P.O. Box 12194, Research Triangle Park, North Carolina 27709, United States
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33
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Tang Y, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Energetic furazan-triazole hybrid with dinitromethyl and nitramino groups: decreasing sensitivity via the formation of a planar anion. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:7677-7684. [DOI: 10.1039/c9dt01514k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enlarging the skeleton containing two heterocyclic five-membered rings can decrease sensitivity in comparison with most highly nitro-functionalized mono nitrogen-rich rings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
- School of Materials Science & Engineering
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34
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Liu Y, He C, Tang Y, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Tetrazolyl and dinitromethyl groups with 1,2,3-triazole lead to polyazole energetic materials. Dalton Trans 2019; 48:3237-3242. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt05071f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A class of polyazole energetic compounds (combination of tetrazolyl, dinitromethyl and triazole) was obtained from 4,5-dicyanotriazole.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
- Zigong
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chunlin He
- School of Material Science and Engineering
- Beijing Institute of Technology
- Beijing 100081
- China
- Department of Chemistry
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35
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Snyder CJ, Wells LA, Chavez DE, Imler GH, Parrish DA. Polycyclic N-oxides: high performing, low sensitivity energetic materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2461-2464. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09653h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Polycyclic N-oxides were developed based on the heterocycles 1,2,4,5-tetrazine and 4H,8H-difurazano[3,4-b:3′,4′-e]pyrazine.
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36
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Hu L, Yin P, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Gao H, Shreeve JM. Fused rings with N-oxide and –NH2: good combination for high density and low sensitivity energetic materials. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:8979-8982. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cc04496e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Energetic materials with N-oxide and amino groups suggest a promising alternative for the design of high-energy materials with low sensitivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
| | | | | | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
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37
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Hu L, Yin P, Zhao G, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Gao H, Shreeve JM. Correction to “Conjugated Energetic Salts Based on Fused Rings: Insensitive and Highly Dense Materials”. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:17805. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b12498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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38
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Tang Y, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Oxidative Cyclization Protocol for the Preparation of Energetic 3-Amino-5-R-1,2,4-oxadiazoles. Org Lett 2018; 20:8039-8042. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.orglett.8b03639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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39
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Kumar D, Tang Y, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Multipurpose Energetic Materials by Shuffling Nitro Groups on a 3,3′‐Bipyrazole Moiety. Chemistry 2018; 24:17220-17224. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201804418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2018] [Revised: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Dheeraj Kumar
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844-2343 USA
- Department of Chemistry IIT Kanpur Kanpur 208016 India
| | - Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844-2343 USA
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844-2343 USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington D.C. USA
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington D.C. USA
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40
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Hu L, Yin P, Zhao G, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Gao H, Shreeve JM. Conjugated Energetic Salts Based on Fused Rings: Insensitive and Highly Dense Materials. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:15001-15007. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b09519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 103] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lu Hu
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 100193
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China 100193
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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41
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Tang Y, He C, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. A C-C bonded 5,6-fused bicyclic energetic molecule: exploring an advanced energetic compound with improved performance. Chem Commun (Camb) 2018; 54:10566-10569. [PMID: 30168821 DOI: 10.1039/c8cc05987j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
A C-C bonded amino-nitro pyrazole (7) and its ring-expansion product (9) have been synthesized and characterized. The synthetic route to 9 proceeds in several steps from the commercial substrate diethyl oxalate and acetone. The process was found to be straightforward, practical and easily scalable. Both of these structures were confirmed by single crystal X-ray diffraction. Compound 9 with a high density (1.85 g cm-3) at room temperature, excellent thermal stability (Td: 315 °C), good detonation performance and low sensitivity to impact and friction has potential as a high-temperature energetic material.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, USA.
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42
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Zhao G, He C, Zhou W, Hooper JP, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Control of Biohazards: A High Performance Energetic Polycyclized Iodine-Containing Biocide. Inorg Chem 2018; 57:8673-8680. [PMID: 29953222 DOI: 10.1021/acs.inorgchem.8b01600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Biohazards and chemical hazards as well as radioactive hazards have always been a threat to human health. The search for solutions to these problems is an ongoing worldwide effort. In order to control biohazards by chemical methods, a synthetically useful fused tricyclic iodine-rich compound, 2,6-diiodo-3,5-dinitro-4,9-dihydrodipyrazolo [1,5- a:5',1'- d][1,3,5]triazine (5), with good detonation performance was synthesized, characterized, and its properties determined. This compound which acts as an agent defeat weapon has been shown to destroy certain microorganisms effectively by releasing iodine after undergoing decomposition or combustion. The small iodine residues remaining will not be deleterious to human life after 1 month.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
| | - Wenfeng Zhou
- Department of Applied Chemistry , China Agricultural University , Beijing , 100193 China
| | - Joseph P Hooper
- Department of Physics , Naval Postgraduate School , Monterey , California 93943 , United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory , Code 6030, Washington , District of Columbia 20375-5001 , United States
| | - Damon A Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory , Code 6030, Washington , District of Columbia 20375-5001 , United States
| | - Jean'ne M Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry , University of Idaho , Moscow , Idaho 83844-2343 , United States
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43
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Affiliation(s)
- Yongxing Tang
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho 83844‐2343 Moscow Idaho USA
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho 83844‐2343 Moscow Idaho USA
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho 83844‐2343 Moscow Idaho USA
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue 20375 Washington D.C. United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue 20375 Washington D.C. United States
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44
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Zhao G, He C, Yin P, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Efficient Construction of Energetic Materials via Nonmetallic Catalytic Carbon–Carbon Cleavage/Oxime-Release-Coupling Reactions. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:3560-3563. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b01260] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Ping Yin
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory, 4555 Overlook Avenue, Washington, D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jean’ne M. Shreeve
- Department of Chemistry, University of Idaho, Moscow, Idaho 83844-2343, United States
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45
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Abstract
Extension of the asymmetric Pictet-Spengler reaction to bulkier Nb -alkylated tryptophan derivatives resulted in an improved stereospecific access to the key bicyclo[3.3.1]nonane core of bioactive C-19 methyl substituted sarpagine/macroline/ajmaline indole alkaloids with excellent diastereoselectivity by internal asymmetric induction. Complete stereocontrol of the C-19 methyl function in either the α- or β-configuration was achieved, which enables the total synthesis of any member from this group of thirty alkaloids. We report herein, the total synthesis of macrocarpines (A-C) 1-3, talcarpine 4, N(4)-methyl-N(4),21-secotalpinine 5, dihydroperaksine 8 and deoxyperaksine 9.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Toufiqur Rahman
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210 N Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
| | - Jeffrey R Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6930, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory, Code 6930, Washington, DC, 20375, USA
| | - James M Cook
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee, 3210 N Cramer Street, Milwaukee, WI, 53201, USA
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46
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Yu Q, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. N,N′-Methylenebis(N-(1,2,5-oxadiazol-3-yl)nitramide) derivatives as metal-free green primary explosives. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:12661-12666. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03042a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Metal-free green primary explosives with excellent detonation properties and acceptable sensitivities were synthesized and fully characterized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
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47
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Zhao G, He C, Gao H, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Improving the density and properties of nitrogen-rich scaffolds by the introduction of a C–NO2 group. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj03472a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
5,5′-(Nitromethylene)bis(1H-tetrazole) and 5,5′-(2-(nitromethyl)-2H-1,2,3-triazole-4,5-diyl)bis(1H-tetrazole) were synthesized by introducing a C–NO2 group to increase the density and detonation performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gang Zhao
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
| | - Haixiang Gao
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- China Agricultural University
- Beijing
- China
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48
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Liu Y, He C, Tang Y, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Asymmetric nitrogen-rich energetic materials resulting from the combination of tetrazolyl, dinitromethyl and (1,2,4-oxadiazol-5-yl)nitroamino groups with furoxan. Dalton Trans 2018; 47:16558-16566. [DOI: 10.1039/c8dt03616k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Three classes of nitrogen-rich energetic compounds were obtained from 3,4-dicyano-furoxan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingle Liu
- School of Chemistry and Environmental Engineering
- Sichuan University of Science & Engineering
- Zigong
- China
- Department of Chemistry
| | - Chunlin He
- Department of Chemistry
- University of Idaho
- Moscow
- USA
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49
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Sulima A, Jalah R, Antoline JFG, Torres OB, Imler GH, Deschamps JR, Beck Z, Alving CR, Jacobson AE, Rice KC, Matyas GR. A Stable Heroin Analogue That Can Serve as a Vaccine Hapten to Induce Antibodies That Block the Effects of Heroin and Its Metabolites in Rodents and That Cross-React Immunologically with Related Drugs of Abuse. J Med Chem 2017; 61:329-343. [PMID: 29236495 PMCID: PMC5767880 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.7b01427] [Citation(s) in RCA: 52] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
![]()
An
improved synthesis of a haptenic heroin surrogate 1 (6-AmHap)
is reported. The intermediate needed for the preparation
of 1 was described in the route in the synthesis of 2 (DiAmHap). A scalable procedure was developed to install
the C-3 amido group. Using the Boc protectng group in 18 allowed preparation of 1 in an overall yield of 53%
from 4 and eliminated the necessity of preparing the
diamide 13. Hapten 1 was conjugated to tetanus
toxoid and mixed with liposomes containing monophosphoryl lipid A
as an adjuvant. The 1 vaccine induced high anti-1 IgG levels that reduced heroin-induced antinociception and
locomotive behavioral changes following repeated subcutaneous and
intravenous heroin challenges in mice and rats. Vaccinated mice had
reduced heroin-induced hyperlocomotion following a 50 mg/kg heroin
challenge. The 1 vaccine-induced antibodies bound to
heroin and other abused opioids, including hydrocodone, oxycodone,
hydromorphone, oxymorphone, and codeine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Sulima
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Rashmi Jalah
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Joshua F G Antoline
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Oscar B Torres
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Gregory H Imler
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory , Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Jeffrey R Deschamps
- Center for Biomolecular Science and Engineering, Naval Research Laboratory , Washington D.C. 20375, United States
| | - Zoltan Beck
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Henry M. Jackson Foundation for the Advancement of Military Medicine , 6720A Rockledge Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20817, United States.,U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Carl R Alving
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
| | - Arthur E Jacobson
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Kenner C Rice
- Drug Design and Synthesis Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute on Drug Abuse and the National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Department of Health and Human Services , 9800 Medical Center Drive, Bethesda, Maryland 20892-3373, United States
| | - Gary R Matyas
- U.S. Military HIV Research Program, Walter Reed Army Institute of Research , 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910, United States
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50
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Yu Q, Imler GH, Parrish DA, Shreeve JM. Nitromethane Bridged Bis(1,3,4‐oxadiazoles): Trianionic Energetic Salts with Low Sensitivities. Chemistry 2017; 23:17682-17686. [DOI: 10.1002/chem.201704939] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Yu
- Department of Chemistry University of Idaho Moscow ID 83844-2343 USA
- School of Chemical Engineering Nanjing University of Science & Technology Nanjing 210094 P.R. China
| | - Gregory H. Imler
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington D.C. 20375 USA
| | - Damon A. Parrish
- Naval Research Laboratory 4555 Overlook Avenue Washington D.C. 20375 USA
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