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Cai Y, Zhao D, Pan Y, Chen B, Cao Y, Han S, Lian F, Zhang Y, Yan X. Gallic Acid Attenuates Sepsis-Induced Liver Injury through C/EBPβ-Dependent MAPK Signaling Pathway. Mol Nutr Food Res 2024:e2400123. [PMID: 38809052 DOI: 10.1002/mnfr.202400123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2024] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
SCOPE Liver injury is a major complication associated with sepsis. Together with others, the study has shown that gallic acid (GA) exerts anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects in vivo. However, the role of GA in sepsis-mediated hepatic impairment and the underlying mechanisms remains to be elucidated. METHODS AND RESULTS C57BL/6J mice are pretreated with saline or GA and subjected to sham or cecal ligation and puncture (CLP). The pathological alterations are assessed by hematoxylin and eosin staining as well as immunohistochemical staining. RNA sequencing is employed to analyze hepatic transcriptome modifications. The study finds that GA supplementation significantly ameliorates CLP-induced mortality, liver dysfunction, and inflammation. RNA sequencing reveals that 1324 genes are markedly differentially regulated in livers of saline- or GA-treated sham or CLP mice. Gene ontology analysis demonstrates that the differentially expressed genes regulated by GA are predominantly correlated with the immune system process, oxidation-reduction process, and inflammatory response. Furthermore, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling is localized in the center of the GA-mediated pathway network. Notably, activation of MAPK by C16-PAF significantly blocks GA-mediated protective effects on hepatic injury, inflammation, as well as CCAAT/enhancer-binding protein-β (C/EBPβ) dependent extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. CONCLUSION Therefore, this study indicates that GA may offer a promising therapeutic opportunity for sepsis-associated liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuwei Cai
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Denghui Zhao
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Yu Pan
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Bingqi Chen
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Yifei Cao
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Shufen Han
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Fuzhi Lian
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
| | - Yunlong Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, The First Affiliated Hospital (Yijishan Hospital) of Wannan Medical College, Wuhu, Anhui, 241001, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Department of Nutrition and Toxicology, School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China, 311121
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2
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Ibrahim BMM, Elbaset MA, Abou Baker DH, Zikri EN, El Gengaihi S, Abdel Salam M. A pharmacological and toxicological biochemical study of cardiovascular regulatory effects of hibiscus, corn silk, marjoram, and chamomile. Heliyon 2024; 10:e22659. [PMID: 38226236 PMCID: PMC10788201 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e22659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most typical causes of morbidity and mortality. The present study investigated the possible antihypertensive cardiovascular effects of an herbal mixture extract of Hibiscus, Corn silk, Marjoram, and Chamomile. HPLC analysis of the water extract prepared from the aerial parts of four plants and their mixture was done to detect the most predominant compounds. A safety study was done prior to the efficacy study to determine the dose and ensure the extract's safety in female rats. Hypertension was induced in ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized rats by oral administration of 50 mg/kg of LName for 30 days; the hypertensive rats were classified into non-ovariectomized and ovariectomized untreated groups, treated groups with high and low doses of the mixture(150,300 mg/kg) given to ovariectomized and non-ovariectomized hypertensive groups and a standard group treated with angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitor. The untreated group showed significant elevation of blood pressure, heart rate, cholesterol, triglycerides, malondialdehyde, cyclic adenosine monophosphate, angiotensin-converting enzyme, C-reactive protein, and significantly lowered reduced glutathione, high-density lipoprotein, and endothelial nitric oxide synthase. Treatment significantly counteracted the effects of L Name. The mixture provides a promising natural cardiovascular regulating supplement owing to its high contents of flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bassant MM. Ibrahim
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, PO:12622, Egypt
| | - Marawan A. Elbaset
- Pharmacology Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, PO:12622, Egypt
| | - Doha H. Abou Baker
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt, PO: 12622
| | - Emad N. Zikri
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, PO:12622, Egypt
| | - Souad El Gengaihi
- Medicinal and Aromatic Plants Department, Pharmaceutical and Drug Industries Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki, Giza, Egypt, PO: 12622
| | - Mouchira Abdel Salam
- Alternative and Complementary Medicine Department, Medicine and Clinical Studies Research Institute, National Research Centre, Dokki Giza, PO:12622, Egypt
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3
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Shi Y, Liu C, Xiong S, Yang L, Yang C, Qiao W, Liu Y, Liu S, Liu J, Dong G. Ling-Gui-Qi-Hua formula alleviates left ventricular myocardial fibrosis in rats with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction by blocking the transforming growth factor-β1 /Smads signaling pathway. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 317:116849. [PMID: 37385575 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.116849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 06/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/01/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Ling-Qui-Qi-Hua (LGQH) decoction, composed of Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf, Cinnamomum cassia (L.) J. Presl, Paeonia veitchii Lynch, and Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz., is a compound formula derived from Ling-Gui-Zhu-Gan decoction recorded in the Treatise on Febrile and Miscellaneous. It has shown cardioprotective effects on patients or rats with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF). Nevertheless, the active ingredients of LGQH and its anti-fibrotic mechanism remain unknown. AIM OF THE STUDY To determine the active ingredients in LGQH decoction and verify that LGQH decoction may inhibit left ventricular (LV) myocardial fibrosis in HFpEF rats by blocking the transforming growth factor-β1 (TGF-β1)/Smads signaling pathway from the perspective of animal experiments. MATERIALS AND METHODS First, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) technology was used to identify active components in the LGQH decoction. Secondly, a rat model of the metabolic syndrome-associated HFpEF phenotype was established and subsequently received LGQH intervention. The mRNA and protein expression of targets in the TGF-β1/Smads pathway were detected by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction and western blot analysis. Finally, molecular docking was conducted to examine the interactions between the active ingredients in the LGQH decoction and key proteins of the TGF-β1/Smads pathways. RESULTS According to LC-MS analysis, the LGQH decoction contained 13 active ingredients. In animal experiments, LGQH attenuated LV hypertrophy, enlargement, and diastolic function in HEpEF rats. Mechanically, LGQH not only down-regulated TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, Smad4, α-SMA, Coll I, and Coll III mRNA expressions and TGF-β1, Smad2, Smad3, P-Smad2/Smad3, Smad4, α-SMA, and Coll I protein expressions, but also up-regulated Smad7 mRNA and protein expressions, which ultimately led to myocardial fibrosis. Furthermore, molecular docking confirmed that 13 active ingredients in the LGQH decoction have excellent binding activities to the critical targets of the TGF-β1/Smads pathway. CONCLUSION LGQH is a modified herbal formulation with multiple active ingredients. It might alleviate LV remodeling and diastolic dysfunction and inhibit LV myocardial fibrosis by blocking TGF-β1/Smads pathways in HFpEF rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yujiao Shi
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Chunqiu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Shuang Xiong
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Ling Yang
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Chenguang Yang
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Wenbo Qiao
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Yongcheng Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Siyu Liu
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China
| | - Jiangang Liu
- National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China.
| | - Guoju Dong
- Department of Cardiovascular Internal Medicine, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China; National Clinical Research Center for Chinese Medicine Cardiology, Xiyuan Hospital, Chinese Academy of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing, 100091, China.
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4
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Akumwami S, Morishita A, Iradukunda A, Kobara H, Nishiyama A. Possible organ-protective effects of renal denervation: insights from basic studies. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:2661-2669. [PMID: 37532952 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01393-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/17/2023] [Revised: 06/22/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
Inappropriate sympathetic nervous activation is the body's response to biological stress and is thought to be involved in the development of various lifestyle-related diseases through an elevation in blood pressure. Experimental studies have shown that surgical renal denervation decreases blood pressure in hypertensive animals. Recently, minimally invasive catheter-based renal denervation has been clinically developed, which results in a reduction in blood pressure in patients with resistant hypertension. Accumulating evidence in basic studies has shown that renal denervation exerts beneficial effects on cardiovascular disease and chronic kidney disease. Interestingly, recent studies have also indicated that renal denervation improves glucose tolerance and inflammatory changes. In this review article, we summarize the evidence from animal studies to provide comprehensive insight into the organ-protective effects of renal denervation beyond changes in blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Steeve Akumwami
- Department of Anesthesiology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Asahiro Morishita
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | | | - Hideki Kobara
- Department of Gastroenterology and Neurology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan
| | - Akira Nishiyama
- Department of Pharmacology, Faculty of Medicine, Kagawa University, Kagawa, Japan.
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Elmileegy IMH, Waly HSA, Alghriany AAI, Abou Khalil NS, Mahmoud SMM, Negm EA. Gallic acid rescues uranyl acetate induced-hepatic dysfunction in rats by its antioxidant and cytoprotective potentials. BMC Complement Med Ther 2023; 23:423. [PMID: 37993853 PMCID: PMC10664358 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-023-04250-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/08/2023] [Indexed: 11/24/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The liver was identified as a primary target organ for the chemo-radiological effects of uranyl acetate (UA). Although the anti-oxidant and anti-apoptotic properties of gallic acid (GA) make it a promising phytochemical to resist its hazards, there is no available data in this area of research. METHODS To address this issue, eighteen rats were randomly and equally divided into three groups. One group was received carboxymethyl cellulose (vehicle of GA) and kept as a control. The UA group was injected intraperitoneally with UA at a single dose of 5 mg/kg body weight. The third group (GA + UA group) was treated with GA orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg body weight for 14 days before UA exposure. UA was injected on the 15th day of the experiment in either the UA group or the GA + UA group. The biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical findings in the GA + UA group were compared to both control and UA groups. RESULTS The results showed that UA exposure led to a range of adverse effects. These included elevated plasma levels of aspartate aminotransferase, lactate dehydrogenase, total protein, globulin, glucose, total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and very-low-density lipoprotein and decreased plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol. The exposure also disrupted the redox balance, evident through decreased plasma total antioxidant capacity and hepatic nitric oxide, superoxide dismutase, reduced glutathione, glutathione-S-transferase, glutathione reductase, and glutathione peroxidase and increased hepatic oxidized glutathione and malondialdehyde. Plasma levels of albumin and alanine aminotransferase did not significantly change in all groups. Histopathological analysis revealed damage to liver tissue, characterized by deteriorations in tissue structure, excessive collagen accumulation, and depletion of glycogen. Furthermore, UA exposure up-regulated the immuno-expression of cleaved caspase-3 and down-regulated the immuno-expression of nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 in hepatic tissues, indicating an induction of apoptosis and oxidative stress response. However, the pre-treatment with GA proved to be effective in mitigating these negative effects induced by UA exposure, except for the disturbances in the lipid profile. CONCLUSIONS The study suggests that GA has the potential to act as a protective agent against the adverse effects of UA exposure on the liver. Its ability to restore redox balance and inhibit apoptosis makes it a promising candidate for countering the harmful effects of chemo-radiological agents such as UA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ibtisam M H Elmileegy
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Hanan S A Waly
- Laboratory of Physiology, Department of Zoology and Entomology, Faculty of Science, Assiut University, Assiut, Egypt
| | | | - Nasser S Abou Khalil
- Department of Medical Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt.
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Merit University, Sohag, Egypt.
| | - Sara M M Mahmoud
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
| | - Eman A Negm
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Assiut University, Assiut, 71526, Egypt
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Bai L, Han X, Kee HJ, He X, Kim SH, Jeon MJ, Zhou H, Jeong SM, Kee SJ, Jeong MH. Protocatechuic acid prevents isoproterenol-induced heart failure in mice by downregulating kynurenine-3-monooxygenase. J Cell Mol Med 2023; 27:2290-2307. [PMID: 37482908 PMCID: PMC10424289 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17869] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid (3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid) prevents oxidative stress, inflammation and cardiac hypertrophy. This study aimed to investigate the therapeutic effects of protocatechuic acid in an isoproterenol-induced heart failure mouse model and to identify the underlying mechanisms. To establish the heart failure model, C57BL/6NTac mice were given high-dose isoproterenol (80 mg/kg body weight) for 14 days. Echocardiography revealed that protocatechuic acid reversed the isoproterenol-induced downregulation of fractional shortening and ejection fraction. Protocatechuic acid attenuated cardiac hypertrophy as evidenced by the decreased heart-weight-to-body-weight ratio and the expression of Nppb. RNA sequencing analysis identified kynurenine-3-monooxygenase (Kmo) as a potential target of protocatechuic acid. Protocatechuic acid treatment or transfection with short-interfering RNA against Kmo ameliorated transforming growth factor β1-induced upregulation of Kmo, Col1a1, Col1a2 and Fn1 in vivo or in neonatal rat cardiac fibroblasts. Kmo knockdown attenuated the isoproterenol-induced increase in cardiomyocyte size, as well as Nppb and Col1a1 expression in H9c2 cells or primary neonatal rat cardiomyocytes. Moreover, protocatechuic acid attenuated Kmo overexpression-induced increases in Nppb mRNA levels. Protocatechuic acid or Kmo knockdown decreased isoproterenol-induced ROS generation in vivo and in vitro. Thus, protocatechuic acid prevents heart failure by downregulating Kmo. Therefore, protocatechuic acid and Kmo constitute a potential novel therapeutic agent and target, respectively, against heart failure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liyan Bai
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Emergency Critical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiongyi Han
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Aerospace Center Hospital, Peking University Aerospace School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Xiaonan He
- Emergency Critical Center, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, People's Republic of China
| | - Seong Hoon Kim
- Department of Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School, Hwasun, Republic of Korea
| | - Mi Jin Jeon
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Hongyan Zhou
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong Min Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Seung-Jung Kee
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Chonnam National University Medical School and Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
- Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Republic of Korea
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7
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Su HX, Li PB, Shi KN, Gao J, Zhang HJ, Li HH. The immunoproteasome subunit β2i ameliorates myocardial ischemia/reperfusion injury by regulating Parkin-Mfn1/2-mediated mitochondrial fusion. Cell Mol Life Sci 2023; 80:231. [PMID: 37501008 PMCID: PMC11071955 DOI: 10.1007/s00018-023-04867-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2023] [Revised: 07/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/09/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dynamics are critical for maintaining mitochondrial morphology and function during cardiac ischemia and reperfusion (I/R). The immunoproteasome complex is an inducible isoform of the proteasome that plays a key role in modulating inflammation and some cardiovascular diseases, but the importance of immunoproteasome catalytic subunit β2i (also known as LMP10 or MECL1) in regulating mitochondrial dynamics and cardiac I/R injury is largely unknown. Here, using β2i-knockout (KO) mice and rAAV9-β2i-injected mice, we discovered that β2i expression and its trypsin-like activity were significantly attenuated in the mouse I/R myocardium and in patients with myocardial infarction (MI). Moreover, β2i-KO mice exhibited greatly enhanced I/R-mediated cardiac dysfunction, infarct size, myocyte apoptosis and oxidative stress accompanied by excessive mitochondrial fission due to Mfn1/2 and Drp1 imbalance. Conversely, cardiac overexpression of β2i in mice injected with recombinant adeno-associated virus 9 (rAAV9)-β2i ameliorated cardiac I/R injury. Mechanistically, I/R injury reduced β2i expression and activity, which increased the expression of the E3 ligase Parkin protein and promoted the degradation of mitofusin 1/2 (Mfn1/2), leading to excessive mitochondrial fission. In conclusion, our data suggest for the first time that β2i exerts a protective role against cardiac I/R injury and that increasing β2i expression may be a new therapeutic option for cardiac ischemic disease in clinical practice. Graphical abstract showing how the immunoproteasome subunit β2i ameliorates myocardial I/R injury by regulating Parkin-Mfn1/2-mediated mitochondrial fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui-Xiang Su
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Worker's Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Pang-Bo Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Worker's Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Kai-Na Shi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Worker's Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Jing Gao
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Worker's Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China
| | - Hong-Jia Zhang
- Department of Cardiac Surgery, Beijing An-Zhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 2 An-Zhen Road, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, China.
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 8 Worker's Stadium South Road, Beijing, 100020, China.
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Festa J, Hussain A, Al-Hareth Z, Singh H, Da Boit M. Anthocyanins and Vascular Health: A Matter of Metabolites. Foods 2023; 12:foods12091796. [PMID: 37174334 PMCID: PMC10178014 DOI: 10.3390/foods12091796] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Revised: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Anthocyanins are a subgroup of flavonoid polyphenols previously investigated for improving cardiovascular health and preventing the development of endothelial dysfunction. However, their poor bioavailability raises the question of whether the observed biological activity is due to their metabolites. Phenolic metabolites can reach higher plasma concentrations and can persist in the circulation for periods much longer than their original anthocyanin form; therefore, the biological activity and health promoting effects of anthocyanins may differ from their metabolites. To address this, recent studies have facilitated different cell models, in vivo studies and explored physiologically relevant concentrations to better understand their mechanisms of action. The criteria were chosen based on previous reports demonstrating that anthocyanins can improve endothelial function via modulation of the Akt-endothelial nitric oxide synthase pathway and transcription factors Nrf2 and NF-κB, which made it critical to assess the phenolic metabolites' modes of action via these pathways. This review demonstrates how phenolic metabolites differ in bioactivity from their precursor anthocyanin, demonstrating improved endothelial function in response to inflammatory mediators at concentrations that are tolerated in vivo. The review highlights the crucial need for further studies to focus on improving the bioavailability of metabolites in isolation and explore the effect of metabolites in mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joseph Festa
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Aamir Hussain
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Zakia Al-Hareth
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
- Pandemic Sciences Institute, Old Road Campus, University of Oxford, Roosevelt Drive, Headington, Oxford OX3 7TY, UK
| | - Harprit Singh
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
| | - Mariasole Da Boit
- Leicester School of Allied Health Sciences, De Montfort University, The Gateway, Leicester LE1 9BH, UK
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9
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Yu M, Kim HJ, Heo H, Kim M, Jeon Y, Lee H, Lee J. Comparison of the Antihypertensive Activity of Phenolic Acids. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27196185. [PMID: 36234721 PMCID: PMC9571617 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27196185] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenolic acids, found in cereals, legumes, vegetables, and fruits, have various biological functions. We aimed to compare the antihypertensive potential of different phenolic acids by evaluating their ACE inhibitory activity and cytoprotective capacity in EA.hy 926 endothelial cells. In addition, we explored the mechanism underlying the antihypertensive activity of sinapic acid. Of all the phenolic acids studied, sinapic acid, caffeic acid, coumaric acid, and ferulic acid significantly inhibited ACE activity. Moreover, gallic acid, sinapic acid, and ferulic acid significantly enhanced intracellular NO production. Based on the results of GSH depletion, ROS production, and MDA level analyses, sinapic acid was selected to study the mechanism underlying the antihypertensive effect. Sinapic acid decreases endothelial dysfunction by enhancing the expression of antioxidant-related proteins. Sinapic acid increased phosphorylation of eNOS and Akt in a dose-dependent manner. These findings indicate the potential of sinapic acid as a treatment for hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Myeongnam Yu
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hyun Joo Kim
- Department of Central Area Crop Science, National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, Suwon 16613, Korea
| | - Huijin Heo
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Minjun Kim
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Yesol Jeon
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
| | - Hana Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.L.)
| | - Junsoo Lee
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Chungbuk National University, Cheongju 28644, Korea
- Correspondence: (H.L.); (J.L.)
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10
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Yan X, Zhang YL, Han X, Li PB, Guo SB, Li HH. Time Series Transcriptomic Analysis by RNA Sequencing Reveals a Key Role of PI3K in Sepsis-Induced Myocardial Injury in Mice. Front Physiol 2022; 13:903164. [PMID: 35721566 PMCID: PMC9198581 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.903164] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Septic cardiomyopathy is the main complication and cause of death of severe sepsis with limited therapeutic strategy. However, the molecular mechanism of sepsis-induced cardiac injury remains unclear. The present study was designed to investigate differentially expressed genes (DEGs) involved in the pathogenesis of septic cardiomyopathy induced by cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) in mice. Male C57BL/6J mice (8-10 weeks old) were subjected to CLP with 21-gauge needles for 24, 48, and 72 h. Myocardial function was assessed by echocardiography. The pathological changes of the heart were evaluated by hematoxylin and eosin as well as immunohistochemical staining. Time series RNA sequencing was utilized to investigate the gene expression profiles. CLP surgery resulted in a significant decrease of animal survival rate and left ventricle contractile function, and an increase in cardiac dilation and infiltration of proinflammatory cells including Mac-2+ macrophages in a time-dependent manner. RNA sequencing identified 5,607 DEGs in septic myocardium at 24, 48, and 72 h after CLP operation. Moreover, gene ontology analysis revealed that these DEGs were mainly associated with the biological processes, including cell adhesion, immune system process, inflammatory response, and positive regulation of cell migration. KEGG pathway enrichment analysis indicated that Staphylococcus aureus infection, osteoclast differentiation, leishmaniasis, and ECM-receptor interaction were significantly altered in septic hearts. Notably, Pik3r1 and Pik3r5 were localized in the center of the gene co-expression network, and were markedly upregulated in CLP-induced septic myocardium. Further, blocking PI3Kγ by the specific inhibitor CZC24832 significantly protected against sepsis-induced cardiac impairment. The present study uncovers the gene expression signatures of CLP-induced myocardial injury and sheds light on the role of Pik3r5 in septic cardiomyopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Yan
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China.,School of Public Health, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Pang-Bo Li
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Bin Guo
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Beijing, China
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11
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Han X, Bai L, Kee HJ, Jeong MH. Syringic acid mitigates isoproterenol-induced cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by downregulating Ereg. J Cell Mol Med 2022; 26:4076-4086. [PMID: 35719043 PMCID: PMC9279583 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.17449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2022] [Revised: 04/22/2022] [Accepted: 05/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallic acid has been reported to mitigate cardiac hypertrophy, fibrosis and arterial hypertension. The effects of syringic acid, a derivative of gallic acid, on cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis have not been previously investigated. This study aimed to examine the effects of syringic acid on isoproterenol‐treated mice and cells. Syringic acid mitigated the isoproterenol‐induced upregulation of heart weight to bodyweight ratio, pathological cardiac remodelling and fibrosis in mice. Picrosirius red staining, quantitative real‐time polymerase chain reaction (qRT‐PCR) and Western blotting analyses revealed that syringic acid markedly downregulated collagen accumulation and fibrosis‐related factors, including Fn1. The results of RNA sequencing analysis of Ereg expression were verified using qRT‐PCR. Syringic acid or transfection with si‐Ereg mitigated the isoproterenol‐induced upregulation of Ereg, Myc and Ngfr. Ereg knockdown mitigated the isoproterenol‐induced upregulation of Nppb and Fn1 and enhancement of cell size. Mechanistically, syringic acid alleviated cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis by downregulating Ereg. These results suggest that syringic acid is a potential therapeutic agent for cardiac hypertrophy and fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiongyi Han
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Liyan Bai
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Hae Jin Kee
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea
| | - Myung Ho Jeong
- Heart Research Center of Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Hypertension Heart Failure Research Center, Chonnam National University Hospital, Gwangju, Korea.,Department of Cardiology, Chonnam National University Medical School, Gwangju, Korea
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12
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Zinc-dependent histone deacetylases: Potential therapeutic targets for arterial hypertension. Biochem Pharmacol 2022; 202:115111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2022.115111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Revised: 05/21/2022] [Accepted: 05/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Angiotensin II Induces Cardiac Edema and Hypertrophic Remodeling through Lymphatic-Dependent Mechanisms. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5044046. [PMID: 35222798 PMCID: PMC8881141 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5044046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2021] [Revised: 12/17/2021] [Accepted: 01/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
Cardiac lymphatic vessel growth (lymphangiogenesis) and integrity play an essential role in maintaining tissue fluid balance. Inhibition of lymphatic lymphangiogenesis is involved in cardiac edema and cardiac remodeling after ischemic injury or pressure overload. However, whether lymphatic vessel integrity is disrupted during angiotensin II- (Ang II-) induced cardiac remodeling remains to be investigated. In this study, cardiac remodeling models were established by Ang II (1000 ng/kg/min) in VEGFR-3 knockdown (Lyve-1Cre VEGFR-3f/−) and wild-type (VEGFR-3f/f) littermates. Our results indicated that Ang II infusion not only induced cardiac lymphangiogenesis and upregulation of VEGF-C and VEGFR-3 expression in the time-dependent manner but also enhanced proteasome activity, MKP5 and VE-cadherin degradation, p38 MAPK activation, and lymphatic vessel hyperpermeability. Moreover, VEGFR-3 knockdown significantly inhibited cardiac lymphangiogenesis in mice, resulting in exacerbation of tissue edema, hypertrophy, fibrosis superoxide production, inflammation, and heart failure (HF). Conversely, administration of epoxomicin (a selective proteasome inhibitor) markedly mitigated Ang II-induced cardiac edema, remodeling, and dysfunction; upregulated MKP5 and VE-cadherin expression; inactivated p38 MAPK; and reduced lymphatic vessel hyperpermeability in WT mice, indicating that inhibition of proteasome activity is required to maintain lymphatic endothelial cell (LEC) integrity. Our results show that both cardiac lymphangiogenesis and lymphatic barrier hyperpermeability are implicated in Ang II-induced adaptive hypertrophic remodeling and dysfunction. Proteasome-mediated hyperpermeability of LEC junctions plays a predominant role in the development of cardiac remodeling. Selective stimulation of lymphangiogenesis or inhibition of proteasome activity may be a potential therapeutic option for treating hypertension-induced cardiac remodeling.
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14
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Peroxiredoxin-5 Knockdown Accelerates Pressure Overload-Induced Cardiac Hypertrophy in Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2022; 2022:5067544. [PMID: 35132351 PMCID: PMC8817848 DOI: 10.1155/2022/5067544] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Accepted: 12/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
A recent study showed that peroxiredoxins (Prxs) play an important role in the development of pathological cardiac hypertrophy. However, the involvement of Prx5 in cardiac hypertrophy remains unclear. Therefore, this study is aimed at investigating the role and mechanisms of Prx5 in pathological cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction. Transverse aortic constriction (TAC) surgery was performed to establish a pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy model. In this study, we found that Prx5 expression was upregulated in hypertrophic hearts and cardiomyocytes. In addition, Prx5 knockdown accelerated pressure overload-induced cardiac hypertrophy and dysfunction in mice by activating oxidative stress and cardiomyocyte apoptosis. Importantly, heart deterioration caused by Prx5 knockdown was related to mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathway activation. These findings suggest that Prx5 could be a novel target for treating cardiac hypertrophy and heart failure.
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15
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Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Mirzaei S, Hashemi F, Samarghandian S, Zabolian A, Hushmandi K, Ang HL, Sethi G, Kumar AP, Ahn KS, Nabavi N, Khan H, Makvandi P, Varma RS. Gallic acid for cancer therapy: Molecular mechanisms and boosting efficacy by nanoscopical delivery. Food Chem Toxicol 2021; 157:112576. [PMID: 34571052 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2021.112576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Cancer is the second leading cause of death worldwide. Majority of recent research efforts in the field aim to address why cancer resistance to therapy develops and how to overcome or prevent it. In line with this, novel anti-cancer compounds are desperately needed for chemoresistant cancer cells. Phytochemicals, in view of their pharmacological activities and capacity to target various molecular pathways, are of great interest in the development of therapeutics against cancer. Plant-derived-natural products have poor bioavailability which restricts their anti-tumor activity. Gallic acid (GA) is a phenolic acid exclusively found in natural sources such as gallnut, sumac, tea leaves, and oak bark. In this review, we report on the most recent research related to anti-tumor activities of GA in various cancers with a focus on its underlying molecular mechanisms and cellular pathwaysthat that lead to apoptosis and migration of cancer cells. GA down-regulates the expression of molecular pathways involved in cancer progression such as PI3K/Akt. The co-administration of GA with chemotherapeutic agents shows improvements in suppressing cancer malignancy. Various nano-vehicles such as organic- and inorganic nano-materials have been developed for targeted delivery of GA at the tumor site. Here, we suggest that nano-vehicles improve GA bioavailability and its ability for tumor suppression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla, 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer, Istanbul 34396, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran
| | - Farid Hashemi
- Phd student of pharmacology, Department of Comparative Biosciences, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Young Researchers and Elite Club, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonoses, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hui Li Ang
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore
| | - Gautam Sethi
- Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117600, Singapore
| | - Alan Prem Kumar
- Cancer Science Institute of Singapore and Department of Pharmacology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117599, Singapore; NUS Centre for Cancer Research, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117597, Singapore
| | - Kwang Seok Ahn
- Department of Science in Korean Medicine, Kyung Hee University, 24 Kyungheedae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul, 02447, Republic of Korea
| | - Noushin Nabavi
- Department of Urological Sciences and Vancouver Prostate Centre, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, V6H3Z6, Canada
| | - Haroon Khan
- Department of Pharmacy, Abdul Wali Khan University, Mardan, 23200, Pakistan.
| | - Pooyan Makvandi
- Centre for Materials Interfaces, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, viale Rinaldo Piaggio 34, 56025, Pontedera, Pisa, Italy.
| | - Rajender S Varma
- Regional Center of Advanced Technologies and Materials, Czech Advanced Technology and Research Institute, Palacky University, Šlechtitelů 27, 783 71, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
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16
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Potential Role of Melatonin as an Adjuvant for Atherosclerotic Carotid Arterial Stenosis. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26040811. [PMID: 33557283 PMCID: PMC7914857 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26040811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 02/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Carotid artery stenosis (CAS) is an atherosclerotic disease characterized by a narrowing of the artery lumen and a high risk of ischemic stroke. Risk factors of atherosclerosis, including smoking, hypertension, hyperglycemia, hyperlipidemia, aging, and disrupted circadian rhythm, may potentiate atherosclerosis in the carotid artery and further reduce the arterial lumen. Ischemic stroke due to severe CAS and cerebral ischemic/reperfusion (I/R) injury after the revascularization of CAS also adversely affect clinical outcomes. Melatonin is a pluripotent agent with potent anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidative, and neuroprotective properties. Although there is a shortage of direct clinical evidence demonstrating the benefits of melatonin in CAS patients, previous studies have shown that melatonin may be beneficial for patients with CAS in terms of reducing endothelial damage, stabilizing arterial plaque, mitigating the harm from CAS-related ischemic stroke and cerebral I/R injury, and alleviating the adverse effects of the related risk factors. Additional pre-clinical and clinical are required to confirm this speculation.
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17
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Najjar RS, Turner CG, Wong BJ, Feresin RG. Berry-Derived Polyphenols in Cardiovascular Pathologies: Mechanisms of Disease and the Role of Diet and Sex. Nutrients 2021; 13:nu13020387. [PMID: 33513742 PMCID: PMC7911141 DOI: 10.3390/nu13020387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2020] [Revised: 01/21/2021] [Accepted: 01/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular disease (CVD) prevalence, pathogenesis, and manifestation is differentially influenced by biological sex. Berry polyphenols target several signaling pathways pertinent to CVD development, including inflammation, oxidative stress, and cardiac and vascular remodeling, and there are innate differences in these pathways that also vary by sex. There is limited research systematically investigating sex differences in berry polyphenol effects on these pathways, but there are fundamental findings at this time that suggest a sex-specific effect. This review will detail mechanisms within these pathological pathways, how they differ by sex, and how they may be individually targeted by berry polyphenols in a sex-specific manner. Because of the substantial polyphenolic profile of berries, berry consumption represents a promising interventional tool in the treatment and prevention of CVD in both sexes, but the mechanisms in which they function within each sex may vary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rami S. Najjar
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
| | - Casey G. Turner
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Brett J. Wong
- Department of Kinesiology and Health, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA; (C.G.T.); (B.J.W.)
| | - Rafaela G. Feresin
- Department of Nutrition, Georgia State University, Atlanta, GA 30302, USA;
- Correspondence:
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18
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Han D, Zhang QY, Zhang YL, Han X, Guo SB, Teng F, Yan X, Li HH. Gallic Acid Ameliorates Angiotensin II-Induced Atrial Fibrillation by Inhibiting Immunoproteasome- Mediated PTEN Degradation in Mice. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:594683. [PMID: 33251220 PMCID: PMC7673442 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.594683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 10/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmia and is a major cause of stroke and heart failure. We and others have found that gallic acid (GA) plays a beneficial role in cardiac hypertrophic remodeling and hypertension. However, the effect of GA on angiotensin II (Ang II)-induced AF and atrial remodeling as well as the underlying mechanisms remain unknown. AF was induced in mice by Ang II infusion (2000 ng/kg/min) for 3 weeks. Blood pressure was measured using the tail-cuff method. Atrial volume was evaluated by echocardiography. Atrial remodeling was studied using hematoxylin and eosin, Masson's trichrome, and immunohistochemical staining. Atrial oxidative stress was assessed by dihydroethidium staining. The gene expression of fibrotic and inflammatory markers and protein levels of signaling mediators were measured by quantitative real-time PCR and western blot analysis. In mice, GA administration significantly attenuated Ang II-induced elevation of blood pressure, AF incidence and duration, atrial dilation, fibrosis, inflammation, and oxidative stress compared with the vehicle control. Furthermore, GA downregulated Ang II-induced activity and expression of immunoproteasome subunits (β2i and β5i), which reduced PTEN degradation and led to the inactivation of AKT1 and downstream signaling mediators. Importantly, blocking PTEN activity by VO-Ohpic markedly reversed the GA-mediated protective effects on Ang II-induced AF and atrial remodeling. Therefore, our results provide novel evidence that GA exerts a cardioprotective role by inhibiting immunoproteasome activity, which attenuates PTEN degradation and activation of downstream signaling, and may represent a promising candidate for treating hypertensive AF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dan Han
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Qi-Yu Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China
| | - Yun-Long Zhang
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Han
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Shu-Bin Guo
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Fei Teng
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao Yan
- Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Hui-Hua Li
- Department of Cardiology, Institute of Cardiovascular Diseases, First Affiliated Hospital of Dalian Medical University, Dalian, China.,Emergency Medicine Clinical Research Center, Beijing Chao-Yang Hospital, Beijing Key Laboratory of Cardiopulmonary Cerebral Resuscitation, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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