1
|
Gao J, McClenaghan C, Matreyek KA, Grange DK, Nichols CG. Rapid Characterization of the Functional and Pharmacological Consequences of Cantú Syndrome K ATP Channel Mutations in Intact Cells. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2023; 386:298-309. [PMID: 37527933 PMCID: PMC10449099 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.123.001659] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Gain-of-function of KATP channels, resulting from mutations in either KCNJ8 (encoding inward rectifier sub-family 6 [Kir6.1]) or ABCC9 (encoding sulphonylurea receptor [SUR2]), cause Cantú syndrome (CS), a channelopathy characterized by excess hair growth, coarse facial appearance, cardiomegaly, and lymphedema. Here, we established a pipeline for rapid analysis of CS mutation consequences in Landing pad HEK 293 cell lines stably expressing wild type (WT) and mutant human Kir6.1 and SUR2B. Thallium-influx and cell membrane potential, reported by fluorescent Tl-sensitive Fluozin-2 and voltage-sensitive bis-(1,3-dibutylbarbituric acid)trimethine oxonol (DiBAC4(3)) dyes, respectively, were used to assess channel activity. In the Tl-influx assay, CS-associated Kir6.1 mutations increased sensitivity to the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channel activator, pinacidil, but there was strikingly little effect of pinacidil for any SUR2B mutations, reflecting unexpected differences in the molecular mechanisms of Kir6.1 versus SUR2B mutations. Compared with the Tl-influx assay, the DiBAC4(3) assay presents more significant signal changes in response to subtle KATP channel activity changes, and all CS mutants (both Kir6.1 and SUR2B), but not WT channels, caused marked hyperpolarization, demonstrating that all mutants were activated under ambient conditions in intact cells. Most SUR2 CS mutations were markedly inhibited by <100 nM glibenclamide, but sensitivity to inhibition by glibenclamide, repaglinide, and PNU37883A was markedly reduced for Kir6.1 CS mutations. Understanding functional consequences of mutations can help with disease diagnosis and treatment. The analysis pipeline we have developed has the potential to rapidly identify mutational consequences, aiding future CS diagnosis, drug discovery, and individualization of treatment. SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT: We have developed new fluorescence-based assays of channel activities and drug sensitivities of Cantú syndrome (CS) mutations in human Kir6.1/SUR2B-dependent KATP channels, showing that Kir6.1 mutations increase sensitivity to potassium channel openers, while SUR2B mutations markedly reduce K channel opener (KCO) sensitivity. However, both Kir6.1 and SUR2B CS mutations are both more hyperpolarized than WT cells under basal conditions, confirming pathophysiologically relevant gain-of-function, validating DiBAC4(3) fluorescence to characterize hyperpolarization induced by KATP channel activity under basal, non KCO-activated conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jian Gao
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (J.G., C.M.C., C.G.N.), Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (J.G., C.M.C., D.K.G., C.G.N.), and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (D.K.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (K.A.M.)
| | - Conor McClenaghan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (J.G., C.M.C., C.G.N.), Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (J.G., C.M.C., D.K.G., C.G.N.), and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (D.K.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (K.A.M.)
| | - Kenneth A Matreyek
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (J.G., C.M.C., C.G.N.), Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (J.G., C.M.C., D.K.G., C.G.N.), and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (D.K.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (K.A.M.)
| | - Dorothy K Grange
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (J.G., C.M.C., C.G.N.), Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (J.G., C.M.C., D.K.G., C.G.N.), and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (D.K.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (K.A.M.)
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology (J.G., C.M.C., C.G.N.), Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (J.G., C.M.C., D.K.G., C.G.N.), and Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Department of Pediatrics (D.K.G.), Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, Missouri; and Department of Pathology, Case Western Reserve University School of Medicine, Cleveland, Ohio (K.A.M.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Liantonio A, Bertini M, Mele A, Balla C, Dinoi G, Selvatici R, Mele M, De Luca A, Gualandi F, Imbrici P. Brugada Syndrome: More than a Monogenic Channelopathy. Biomedicines 2023; 11:2297. [PMID: 37626795 PMCID: PMC10452102 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11082297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2023] [Revised: 08/10/2023] [Accepted: 08/15/2023] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Brugada syndrome (BrS) is an inherited cardiac channelopathy first diagnosed in 1992 but still considered a challenging disease in terms of diagnosis, arrhythmia risk prediction, pathophysiology and management. Despite about 20% of individuals carrying pathogenic variants in the SCN5A gene, the identification of a polygenic origin for BrS and the potential role of common genetic variants provide the basis for applying polygenic risk scores for individual risk prediction. The pathophysiological mechanisms are still unclear, and the initial thinking of this syndrome as a primary electrical disease is evolving towards a partly structural disease. This review focuses on the main scientific advancements in the identification of biomarkers for diagnosis, risk stratification, pathophysiology and therapy of BrS. A comprehensive model that integrates clinical and genetic factors, comorbidities, age and gender, and perhaps environmental influences may provide the opportunity to enhance patients' quality of life and improve the therapeutic approach.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Matteo Bertini
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Cristina Balla
- Cardiological Center, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy; (M.B.); (C.B.)
| | - Giorgia Dinoi
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Rita Selvatici
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Marco Mele
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
- Cardiothoracic Department, Policlinico Riuniti Foggia, 71122 Foggia, Italy
| | - Annamaria De Luca
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| | - Francesca Gualandi
- Medical Genetics Unit, Department of Mother and Child, Sant’Anna University Hospital of Ferrara, 44121 Ferrara, Italy;
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (A.L.); (A.M.); (G.D.); (M.M.); (A.D.L.)
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Maqoud F, Tricarico D, Mallamaci R, Orlando A, Russo F. The Role of Ion Channels in Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders (FGID): Evidence of Channelopathies and Potential Avenues for Future Research and Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:11074. [PMID: 37446251 DOI: 10.3390/ijms241311074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2023] [Accepted: 06/30/2023] [Indexed: 07/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Several gastrointestinal (GI) tract abnormalities, including visceral hypersensitivity, motility, and intestinal permeability alterations, have been implicated in functional GI disorders (FGIDs). Ion channels play a crucial role in all the functions mentioned above. Hormones and natural molecules modulate these channels and represent targets of drugs and bacterial toxins. Mutations and abnormal functional expression of ion channel subunits can lead to diseases called channelopathies. These channelopathies in gastroenterology are gaining a strong interest, and the evidence of co-relationships is increasing. In this review, we describe the correlation status between channelopathies and FGIDs. Different findings are available. Among others, mutations in the ABCC7/CFTR gene have been described as a cause of constipation and diarrhea. Mutations of the SCN5A gene are instead associated with irritable bowel syndrome. In contrast, mutations of the TRPV1 and TRPA genes of the transient receptor potential (TRP) superfamily manifest hypersensitivity and visceral pain in sensory nerves. Recently, mice and humans affected by Cantu syndrome (CS), which is associated with the mutations of the KCNJ8 and ABCC9 genes encoding for the Kir6.1 and SUR2 subunits, showed dysfunction of contractility throughout the intestine and death in the mice after the weaning on solid food. The discovery of a correlation between channelopathies and FIGD opens new avenues for discovering new direct drug targets for specific channelopathies, leading to significant implications for diagnosing and treating functional GI diseases.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Rosanna Mallamaci
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Environment University of Bari Aldo Moro, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Orlando
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Russo
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology IRCCS "Saverio de Bellis", Castellana Grotte, 70013 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
McClenaghan C, Mukadam MA, Roeglin J, Tryon RC, Grabner M, Dayal A, Meyer GA, Nichols CG. Skeletal muscle delimited myopathy and verapamil toxicity in SUR2 mutant mouse models of AIMS. EMBO Mol Med 2023; 15:e16883. [PMID: 37154692 PMCID: PMC10245035 DOI: 10.15252/emmm.202216883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 04/10/2023] [Accepted: 04/17/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023] Open
Abstract
ABCC9-related intellectual disability and myopathy syndrome (AIMS) arises from loss-of-function (LoF) mutations in the ABCC9 gene, which encodes the SUR2 subunit of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP ) channels. KATP channels are found throughout the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle and couple cellular metabolism to excitability. AIMS individuals show fatigability, muscle spasms, and cardiac dysfunction. We found reduced exercise performance in mouse models of AIMS harboring premature stop codons in ABCC9. Given the roles of KATP channels in all muscles, we sought to determine how myopathy arises using tissue-selective suppression of KATP and found that LoF in skeletal muscle, specifically, underlies myopathy. In isolated muscle, SUR2 LoF results in abnormal generation of unstimulated forces, potentially explaining painful spasms in AIMS. We sought to determine whether excessive Ca2+ influx through CaV 1.1 channels was responsible for myopathology but found that the Ca2+ channel blocker verapamil unexpectedly resulted in premature death of AIMS mice and that rendering CaV 1.1 channels nonpermeable by mutation failed to reverse pathology; results which caution against the use of calcium channel blockers in AIMS.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conor McClenaghan
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, and Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
- Center for Advanced Biotechnology and Medicine, and Departments of Pharmacology and Medicine, Robert Wood Johnson Medical SchoolRutgers UniversityPiscatawayNJUSA
| | - Maya A Mukadam
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, and Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Jacob Roeglin
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, and Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Robert C Tryon
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, and Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Manfred Grabner
- Department of PharmacologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Anamika Dayal
- Department of PharmacologyMedical University of InnsbruckInnsbruckAustria
| | - Gretchen A Meyer
- Program in Physical Therapy, Departments of Orthopaedic Surgery, Neurology and Biomedical EngineeringWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, and Department of Cell Biology and PhysiologyWashington University School of MedicineSt. LouisMOUSA
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Maqoud F, Zizzo N, Attimonelli M, Tinelli A, Passantino G, Antonacci M, Ranieri G, Tricarico D. Immunohistochemical, pharmacovigilance, and omics analyses reveal the involvement of ATP-sensitive K + channel subunits in cancers: role in drug-disease interactions. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1115543. [PMID: 37180726 PMCID: PMC10167295 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1115543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/10/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: ATP-sensitive-K+ channels (KATP) are involved in diseases, but their role in cancer is poorly described. Pituitary macroadenoma has been observed in Cantu' syndrome (C.S.), which is associated with the gain-of-function mutations of the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes. We tested the role of the ABCC8/Sur1, ABCC9/Sur2A/B, KCNJ11/Kir6.2, and KCNJ8/Kir6.1 genes experimentally in a minoxidil-induced renal tumor in male rats and in the female canine breast cancer, a spontaneous animal model of disease, and in the pharmacovigilance and omics databases. Methods: We performed biopsies from renal tissues of male rats (N = 5) following a sub-chronic high dosing topical administration of minoxidil (0.777-77.7 mg/kg/day) and from breast tissues of female dogs for diagnosis (N = 23) that were analyzed by immunohistochemistry. Pharmacovigilance and omics data were extracted from EudraVigilance and omics databases, respectively. Results: An elevated immunohistochemical reactivity to Sur2A-mAb was detected in the cytosol of the Ki67+/G3 cells other than in the surface membrane in the minoxidil-induced renal tumor and the breast tumor samples. KCNJ11, KCNJ8, and ABCC9 genes are upregulated in cancers but ABCC8 is downregulated. The Kir6.2-Sur2A/B-channel opener minoxidil showed 23 case reports of breast cancer and one case of ovarian cancer in line with omics data reporting, respectively, and the negative and positive prognostic roles of the ABCC9 gene in these cancers. Sulfonylureas and glinides blocking the pancreatic Kir6.2-Sur1 subunits showed a higher risk for pancreatic cancer in line with the positive prognostic role of the ABCC8 gene but low risks for common cancers. Glibenclamide, repaglinide, and glimepiride show a lower cancer risk within the KATP channel blockers. The Kir6.2-Sur1 opener diazoxide shows no cancer reactions. Conclusion: An elevated expression of the Sur2A subunit was found in proliferating cells in two animal models of cancer. Immunohistochemistry/omics/pharmacovigilance data reveal the role of the Kir6.1/2-Sur2A/B subunits as a drug target in breast/renal cancers and in C.S.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Functional Gastrointestinal Disorders Research Group, National Institute of Gastroenterology Saverio de Bellis, I.R.C.C.S. Research Hospital, Milan, Italy
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Italy
| | - Marcella Attimonelli
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies, and Biopharmaceutics, University "Aldo Moro" Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Tinelli
- Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Italy
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Valenzano, Italy
| | - Marina Antonacci
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| | - Girolamo Ranieri
- Department of Interventional Radiology and Integrated Medical Oncology, I.R.C.C.S. Istituto Tumori "Giovanni Paolo II", Bari, Italy
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Coppola MA, Pusch M, Imbrici P, Liantonio A. Small Molecules Targeting Kidney ClC-K Chloride Channels: Applications in Rare Tubulopathies and Common Cardiovascular Diseases. Biomolecules 2023; 13:biom13040710. [PMID: 37189456 DOI: 10.3390/biom13040710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 04/15/2023] [Accepted: 04/19/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023] Open
Abstract
Given the key role played by ClC-K chloride channels in kidney and inner ear physiology and pathology, they can be considered important targets for drug discovery. Indeed, ClC-Ka and ClC-Kb inhibition would interfere with the urine countercurrent concentration mechanism in Henle's loop, which is responsible for the reabsorption of water and electrolytes from the collecting duct, producing a diuretic and antihypertensive effect. On the other hand, ClC-K/barttin channel dysfunctions in Bartter Syndrome with or without deafness will require the pharmacological recovery of channel expression and/or activity. In these cases, a channel activator or chaperone would be appealing. Starting from a brief description of the physio-pathological role of ClC-K channels in renal function, this review aims to provide an overview of the recent progress in the discovery of ClC-K channel modulators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Michael Pusch
- Institute of Biophysics, National Research Council, 16149 Genova, Italy
| | - Paola Imbrici
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonella Liantonio
- Department of Pharmacy-Drug Sciences, University of Bari "Aldo Moro", 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Davis MJ, Castorena-Gonzalez JA, Kim HJ, Li M, Remedi M, Nichols CG. Lymphatic contractile dysfunction in mouse models of Cantú Syndrome with K ATP channel gain-of-function. FUNCTION 2023; 4:zqad017. [PMID: 37214333 PMCID: PMC10194823 DOI: 10.1093/function/zqad017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2023] [Revised: 04/01/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Cantú Syndrome (CS) is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by gain-of-function (GoF) mutations in the Kir6.1 and SUR2 subunits of KATP channels. KATP overactivity results in a chronic reduction in arterial tone and hypotension, leading to other systemic cardiovascular complications. However, the underlying mechanism of lymphedema, developed by >50% of CS patients, is unknown. We investigated whether lymphatic contractile dysfunction occurs in mice expressing CS mutations in Kir6.1 (Kir6.1[V65M]) or SUR2 (SUR2[A478V], SUR2[R1154Q]). Pressure myograph tests of contractile function of popliteal lymphatic vessels over the physiological pressure range revealed significantly impaired contractile strength and reduced frequency of spontaneous contractions at all pressures in heterozygous Kir6.1[V65M] vessels, compared to control littermates. Contractile dysfunction of intact popliteal lymphatics in vivo was confirmed using near-infrared fluorescence microscopy. Homozygous SUR2[A478V] vessels exhibited profound contractile dysfunction ex vivo, but heterozygous SUR2[A478V] vessels showed essentially normal contractile function. However, further investigation of vessels from all three GoF mouse strains revealed significant disruption in contraction wave entrainment, decreased conduction speed and distance, multiple pacemaker sites, and reversing wave direction. Tests of 2-valve lymphatic vessels forced to pump against an adverse pressure gradient revealed that all CS-associated genotypes were essentially incapable of pumping under an imposed outflow load. Our results show that varying degrees of lymphatic contractile dysfunction occur in proportion to the degree of molecular GoF in Kir6.1 or SUR2. This is the first example of lymphatic contractile dysfunction caused by a smooth muscle ion channel mutation and potentially explains the susceptibility of CS patients to lymphedema.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Michael J Davis
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia MO 65212, USA
| | | | - Hae Jin Kim
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia MO 65212, USA
| | - Min Li
- Department of Medical Pharmacology and Physiology, University of Missouri School of Medicine, Columbia MO 65212, USA
| | - Maria Remedi
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes and Metabolism, Department of Medicine, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Scala R, Maqoud F, McClenaghan C, Harter TM, Perrone MG, Scilimati A, Nichols CG, Tricarico D. Zoledronic Acid Blocks Overactive Kir6.1/SUR2-Dependent K ATP Channels in Skeletal Muscle and Osteoblasts in a Murine Model of Cantú Syndrome. Cells 2023; 12:928. [PMID: 36980269 PMCID: PMC10047381 DOI: 10.3390/cells12060928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2022] [Revised: 02/24/2023] [Accepted: 03/11/2023] [Indexed: 03/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Cantú syndrome (CS) is caused by the gain of function mutations in the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes encoding, respectively, for the sulfonylureas receptor type 2 (SUR2) and the inwardly rectifier potassium channel 6.1 (Kir6.1) of the ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels. CS is a multi-organ condition with a cardiovascular phenotype, neuromuscular symptoms, and skeletal malformations. Glibenclamide has been proposed for use in CS, but even in animals, the drug is incompletely effective against severe mutations, including the Kir6.1wt/V65M. Patch-clamp experiments showed that zoledronic acid (ZOL) fully reduced the whole-cell KATP currents in bone calvaria cells from wild type (WT/WT) and heterozygous Kir6.1wt/V65MCS mice, with IC50 for ZOL block < 1 nM in each case. ZOL fully reduced KATP current in excised patches in skeletal muscle fibers in WT/WT and CS mice, with IC50 of 100 nM in each case. Interestingly, KATP currents in the bone of heterozygous SUR2wt/A478V mice were less sensitive to ZOL inhibition, showing an IC50 of ~500 nM and a slope of ~0.3. In homozygous SUR2A478V/A478V cells, ZOL failed to fully inhibit the KATP currents, causing only ~35% inhibition at 100 μM, but was responsive to glibenclamide. ZOL reduced the KATP currents in Kir6.1wt/VMCS mice in both skeletal muscle and bone cells but was not effective in the SUR2[A478V] mice fibers. These data indicate a subunit specificity of ZOL action that is important for appropriate CS therapies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Scala
- Sections of Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Fatima Maqoud
- Sections of Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Conor McClenaghan
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Theresa M. Harter
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Sections of Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Sections of Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Colin G. Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Sections of Pharmacology, Medicinal Chemistry, Department of Pharmacy—Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Preclinical Ultrasonography in Rodent Models of Neuromuscular Disorders: The State of the Art for Diagnostic and Therapeutic Applications. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24054976. [PMID: 36902405 PMCID: PMC10003358 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24054976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ultrasonography is a safe, non-invasive imaging technique used in several fields of medicine, offering the possibility to longitudinally monitor disease progression and treatment efficacy over time. This is particularly useful when a close follow-up is required, or in patients with pacemakers (not suitable for magnetic resonance imaging). By virtue of these advantages, ultrasonography is commonly used to detect multiple skeletal muscle structural and functional parameters in sports medicine, as well as in neuromuscular disorders, e.g., myotonic dystrophy and Duchenne muscular dystrophy (DMD). The recent development of high-resolution ultrasound devices allowed the use of this technique in preclinical settings, particularly for echocardiographic assessments that make use of specific guidelines, currently lacking for skeletal muscle measurements. In this review, we describe the state of the art for ultrasound skeletal muscle applications in preclinical studies conducted in small rodents, aiming to provide the scientific community with necessary information to support an independent validation of these procedures for the achievement of standard protocols and reference values useful in translational research on neuromuscular disorders.
Collapse
|
10
|
Mattiucci A, Girolomoni G, Cassina M, Zoller T, Antoniazzi F, Schena D. Cantú syndrome: A new case and evolution of clinical conditions during first 2-year follow-up. Clin Case Rep 2023; 11:e6928. [PMID: 36873080 PMCID: PMC9979969 DOI: 10.1002/ccr3.6928] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 12/28/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Cantú syndrome, or hypertrichotic osteochondrodysplasia, is a rare autosomal dominant disease characterized by congenital hypertrichosis, characteristic dysmorphisms, skeletal abnormalities and cardiomegaly. We report on a 7-year-old girl with congenital generalized hypertrichosis, coarse facial appearance and cardiac involvement, with a de novo heterozygous mutation (c.3461G > A) in the ABCC9 gene. During the annual cardiac follow-up at the age of nine the echocardiogram showed mild left ventricular dilatation in consideration of which she started ramipril treatment. The progression of the clinical manifestations of Cantú syndrome highlights the relevance of an early diagnosis, including genetic analysis, and a multidisciplinary approach with long-term follow-up.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Mattiucci
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Giampiero Girolomoni
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Matteo Cassina
- Clinical Genetics Unit, Department of Women's and Children's HealthUniversity of PadovaPadovaItaly
| | - Thomas Zoller
- Pediatric Clinic, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and PediatricsUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Franco Antoniazzi
- Pediatric Clinic, Department Surgical Sciences, Dentistry, Gynecology and PediatricsUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| | - Donatella Schena
- Section of Dermatology and Venereology, Department of MedicineUniversity of VeronaVeronaItaly
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Di Turi A, Antonacci M, Dibenedetto JR, Maqoud F, Leonetti F, Centoducati G, Colonna N, Tricarico D. Molecular Composition and Biological Activity of a Novel Acetonitrile-Water Extract of Lens Culinaris Medik in Murine Native Cells and Cell Lines Exposed to Different Chemotherapeutics Using Mass Spectrometry. Cells 2023; 12:cells12040575. [PMID: 36831242 PMCID: PMC9953783 DOI: 10.3390/cells12040575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2023] [Accepted: 02/08/2023] [Indexed: 02/12/2023] Open
Abstract
We evaluated the effects of a new extract (70% acetonitrile, 2E0217022196DIPFARMTDA) of Lens culinaris Medik (Terre di Altamura SRL, Altamura BA) to prevent cytotoxic damage from cisplatin, staurosporine, irinotecan, doxorubicin, and the glucocorticoid dexamethasone. The acetonitrile-water extract (range 0.1-5 mg/mL) was obtained by extracting 10 g of lentil flour with 50 milliliters of the acetonitrile-water extraction mixture in a 70:30 ratio, first for 3 h and then overnight in a shaker at room temperature. The next day, the extract was filtered and passed through a Rotavapor to obtain only the aqueous component and eliminate that with acetonitrile, and then freeze-dried to finally have the powdered extract. In vitro experiments showed that the extract prevented the cytotoxic damage induced by cisplatin, irinotecan, and doxorubicin on HEK293 and SHSY5Y cell lines after 24-96 h. In murine osteoblasts after 24-72 h of incubation time, the extract was cytoprotective against all chemicals. The extract was effective against dexamethasone, leading to synergic cell proliferation in all cell types. In bone marrow cells, the extract is cytoprotective after 72 h against doxorubicin, staurosporine, and dexamethasone. Instead, on muscle fibers, the extract has a synergic effect with chemotherapeutics, increasing cytotoxicity induced by doxorubicin and staurosporine. LC-MS attested to the existence of several phenolic structures in the extract. The most abundant families of compounds were flavonoids (25.7%) and mellitic acid (18%). Thus, the development of this extract could be implemented in the area of research related to the chemoprevention of damage to renal, neuronal, bone marrow cells, and osteoblasts by chemotherapeutics; moreover, it could be used as a reinforcer of cytotoxic action of chemotherapeutics on muscle fibers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Annamaria Di Turi
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Antonacci
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Jacopo Raffaele Dibenedetto
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Fatima Maqoud
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Francesco Leonetti
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
| | - Gerardo Centoducati
- Department of Medicine Veterinary, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Str 62 to Casamassima, Valenzano, 70121 Bari, Italy
| | | | - Domenico Tricarico
- Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Science, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Nichols CG. Personalized Therapeutics for K ATP-Dependent Pathologies. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2023; 63:541-563. [PMID: 36170658 PMCID: PMC9868118 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-051921-123023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Ubiquitously expressed throughout the body, ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels couple cellular metabolism to electrical activity in multiple tissues; their unique assembly as four Kir6 pore-forming subunits and four sulfonylurea receptor (SUR) subunits has resulted in a large armory of selective channel opener and inhibitor drugs. The spectrum of monogenic pathologies that result from gain- or loss-of-function mutations in these channels, and the potential for therapeutic correction of these pathologies, is now clear. However, while available drugs can be effective treatments for specific pathologies, cross-reactivity with the other Kir6 or SUR subfamily members can result in drug-induced versions of each pathology and may limit therapeutic usefulness. This review discusses the background to KATP channel physiology, pathology, and pharmacology and considers the potential for more specific or effective therapeutic agents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Colin G. Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases and Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, USA
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Borges AS, Bastos CMS, Dantas DM, Milfont CGB, Brito GMH, Pereira-de-Morais L, Delmondes GA, da Silva RER, Kennedy-Feitosa E, Maia FPA, Lima CMG, Bin Emran T, Coutinho HDM, Menezes IRA, Kerntopf MR, Caruso G, Barbosa R. Effect of Lippia alba (Mill.) N.E. Brown Essential Oil on the Human Umbilical Artery. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:3002. [PMID: 36365458 PMCID: PMC9659075 DOI: 10.3390/plants11213002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/11/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Lippia alba is popularly known as lemon balm, with its essential oil (EO) cited for displaying antimicrobial, sedative, and vasorelaxant effects. Yet, its action on isolated human vessels has not been described in the literature. Thus, we evaluated the vasorelaxant effect of essential oil of L. alba (EOLa) on human umbilical arteries (HUA) isolated in organ baths. HUA rings were isolated, subjected to contractions induced by potassium chloride (KCl), serotonin (5-HT), or histamine (HIST) to record the isometric tension, and then treated with EOLa (30-1000 µg/mL). The EOLa showed a more prominent inhibitory effect on the pharmacomechanical coupling contraction via HIST with an EC50 value of 277.1 ± 8.5 µg/mL and maximum relaxant effect at 600 µg/mL. The addition of tetraethylammonium (TEA) or 4-aminopyridine (4-AP) in HUA preparations did not inhibit EOLa total relaxant effect at 1000 µg/mL. In the presence of gliblenclamide (GLI), the oil relaxed the HUA rings by 90.8% at maximum concentration. The EOLa was also investigated for its effects on voltage-operated calcium channels (VOCCs), where the HUA preincubation with this oil at 1000 μg/mL inhibited BaCl2 (0.1-30 mM)-induced contractions. This study demonstrates for the first time that EOla has a vasorelaxant effect on HUA and its particular blockade of VOCCs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alex S. Borges
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Carla M. S. Bastos
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Debora M. Dantas
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Cícera G. B. Milfont
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Guilherme M. H. Brito
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Luís Pereira-de-Morais
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gyllyandeson A. Delmondes
- Nursing Collegiate, Petrolina Campus, Federal University of The San Francisco Vale, Petrolina 56304-205, Pernambuco, Brazil
| | - Renata E. R. da Silva
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Kennedy-Feitosa
- Health Science Department, Morphophysiopharmacology Laboratory, Federal Rural University of Semiarid, Mossoró 59625-900, Rio Grande do Norte, Brazil
| | | | - Clara M. G. Lima
- Department of Food Science, Federal University of Lavras, Lavras 37200-900, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Talha Bin Emran
- Department of Pharmacy, BGC Trust University Bangladesh, Chittagong 4381, Bangladesh
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Daffodil International University, Dhaka 1207, Bangladesh
| | - Henrique Douglas M. Coutinho
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Irwin Rose A. Menezes
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Marta R. Kerntopf
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| | - Gianluca Caruso
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80055 Naples, Italy
| | - Roseli Barbosa
- Biological Chemistry Department, Postgraduate Program in Biological Chemistry, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
- Biological Sciences Department, Physiopharmacology of Excitable Cells Laboratory, Pimenta Campus, Regional University of Cariri, Crato 63105-010, Ceará, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Counteractions of a Novel Hydroalcoholic Extract from Lens Culinaria against the Dexamethasone-Induced Osteoblast Loss of Native Murine Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11192936. [PMID: 36230898 PMCID: PMC9563349 DOI: 10.3390/cells11192936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 09/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The cytoprotective effects of a novel hydroalcoholic extract (0.01–5 mg/mL) from Lens culinaria (Terre di Altamura Srl) were investigated within murine native skeletal muscle fibers, bone marrow cells, and osteoblasts, and in cell lines treated with the apoptotic agent staurosporine (2.14 × 10−6 M), the alkylating drug cisplatin (10−4 M), the topoisomerase I inhibitor irinotecan (10−4 M), the antimitotic pro-oxidant doxorubicin (10−6 M), and the immunosuppressant dexamethasone (2 × 10−6 M). An amount of 10g of plant material was used to obtain a 70% ethanol/water product, following two-step extraction, evaporation, lyophilization, and storage at −20 °C. For the murine osteoblasts, doxorubicin reduced survival by −65%, dexamethasone by −32% and −60% after 24 and 48 h of incubation time, respectively. The extract was effective in preventing the osteoblast count-reduction induced by dexamethasone; it was also effective at preventing the inhibition of mineralization induced by dexamethasone. Doxorubicin and cisplatin caused a significant reduction in cell growth by −77% for bone marrow cells, −43% for irinotecan, and −60% for dexamethasone, but there was no evidence for the cytoprotective effects of the extract in these cells. Staurosporine and doxorubicin caused a fiber death rate of >−40% after 18 and 24 h of incubation, yet the extract was not effective at preventing these effects. The extract was effective in preventing the staurosporine-induced reduction of HEK293 proliferation and colony formation in the crystal violet DNA staining and the clonogenic assays. It was also effective for the cisplatin-induced reduction in HEK293 cell proliferation. The extract, however, failed to protect the SHSY5Y neurons against cisplatin and irinotecan-induced cytotoxicity. A UV/VIS spectroscopy analysis showed three peaks at the wavelengths of 350, 260, and 190 nm, which correspond to flavonoids, proanthocyanins, salicylates, and AA, constituting the extract. These data suggest the possible development of this extract for use against dexamethasone-induced bone loss and renal chemotherapy-induced damage.
Collapse
|
15
|
McClenaghan C, Nichols CG. Kir6.1 and SUR2B in Cantú syndrome. Am J Physiol Cell Physiol 2022; 323:C920-C935. [PMID: 35876283 PMCID: PMC9467476 DOI: 10.1152/ajpcell.00154.2022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2022] [Revised: 07/07/2022] [Accepted: 07/07/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Kir6.1 and SUR2 are subunits of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels expressed in a wide range of tissues. Extensive study has implicated roles of these channel subunits in diverse physiological functions. Together they generate the predominant KATP conductance in vascular smooth muscle and are the target of vasodilatory drugs. Roles for Kir6.1/SUR2 dysfunction in disease have been suggested based on studies of animal models and human genetic discoveries. In recent years, it has become clear that gain-of-function (GoF) mutations in both genes result in Cantú syndrome (CS)-a complex, multisystem disorder. There is currently no targeted therapy for CS, but studies of mouse models of the disease reveal that pharmacological reversibility of cardiovascular and gastrointestinal pathologies can be achieved by administration of the KATP channel inhibitor, glibenclamide. Here we review the function, structure, and physiological and pathological roles of Kir6.1/SUR2B channels, with a focus on CS. Recent studies have led to much improved understanding of the underlying pathologies and the potential for treatment, but important questions remain: Can the study of genetically defined CS reveal new insights into Kir6.1/SUR2 function? Do these reveal new pathophysiological mechanisms that may be important in more common diseases? And is our pharmacological armory adequately stocked?
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Conor McClenaghan
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED), Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| | - Colin G Nichols
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases (CIMED), Washington University, St. Louis, Missouri
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Wang Z, Bian W, Yan Y, Zhang DM. Functional Regulation of KATP Channels and Mutant Insight Into Clinical Therapeutic Strategies in Cardiovascular Diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:868401. [PMID: 35837280 PMCID: PMC9274113 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.868401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
ATP-sensitive potassium channels (KATP channels) play pivotal roles in excitable cells and link cellular metabolism with membrane excitability. The action potential converts electricity into dynamics by ion channel-mediated ion exchange to generate systole, involved in every heartbeat. Activation of the KATP channel repolarizes the membrane potential and decreases early afterdepolarization (EAD)-mediated arrhythmias. KATP channels in cardiomyocytes have less function under physiological conditions but they open during severe and prolonged anoxia due to a reduced ATP/ADP ratio, lessening cellular excitability and thus preventing action potential generation and cell contraction. Small active molecules activate and enhance the opening of the KATP channel, which induces the repolarization of the membrane and decreases the occurrence of malignant arrhythmia. Accumulated evidence indicates that mutation of KATP channels deteriorates the regulatory roles in mutation-related diseases. However, patients with mutations in KATP channels still have no efficient treatment. Hence, in this study, we describe the role of KATP channels and subunits in angiocardiopathy, summarize the mutations of the KATP channels and the functional regulation of small active molecules in KATP channels, elucidate the potential mechanisms of mutant KATP channels and provide insight into clinical therapeutic strategies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhicheng Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Weikang Bian
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Yufeng Yan
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
| | - Dai-Min Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- Department of Cardiology, Sir Run Run Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China
- *Correspondence: Dai-Min Zhang,
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Scala R, Maqoud F, Antonacci M, Dibenedetto JR, Perrone MG, Scilimati A, Castillo K, Latorre R, Conte D, Bendahhou S, Tricarico D. Bisphosphonates Targeting Ion Channels and Musculoskeletal Effects. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:837534. [PMID: 35370739 PMCID: PMC8965324 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.837534] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Bisphosphonates (BPs) are the most used bone-specific anti-resorptive agents, often chosen as first-line therapy in several bone diseases characterized by an imbalance between osteoblast-mediated bone production and osteoclast-mediated bone resorption. BPs target the farnesyl pyrophosphate synthase (FPPS) in osteoclasts, reducing bone resorption. Lately, there has been an increasing interest in BPs direct pro-survival/pro-mineralizing properties in osteoblasts and their pain-relieving effects. Even so, molecular targets involved in these effects appear now largely elusive. Ion channels are emerging players in bone homeostasis. Nevertheless, the effects of BPs on these proteins have been poorly described. Here we reviewed the actions of BPs on ion channels in musculoskeletal cells. In particular, the TRPV1 channel is essential for osteoblastogenesis. Since it is involved in bone pain sensation, TRPV1 is a possible alternative target of BPs. Ion channels are emerging targets and anti-target for bisphosphonates. Zoledronic acid can be the first selective musculoskeletal and vascular KATP channel blocker targeting with high affinity the inward rectifier channels Kir6.1-SUR2B and Kir6.2-SUR2A. The action of this drug against the overactive mutants of KCNJ9-ABCC9 genes observed in the Cantu’ Syndrome (CS) may improve the appropriate prescription in those CS patients affected by musculoskeletal disorders such as bone fracture and bone frailty.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Scala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Fatima Maqoud
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Marina Antonacci
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | | | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Karen Castillo
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile.,Centro de Investigación de Estudios Avanzados, Universidad Católica del Maule, Talca, Chile
| | - Ramón Latorre
- Centro Interdisciplinario de Neurociencia de Valparaíso, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad de Valparaíso, Valparaíso, Chile
| | - Diana Conte
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| | - Saïd Bendahhou
- UMR7370 CNRS, Laboratoire de Physiomédecine Moléculaire (LP2M), Labex ICST, Nice, France
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Maqoud F, Scala R, Tragni V, Pierri CL, Perrone MG, Scilimati A, Tricarico D. Zoledronic Acid as a Novel Dual Blocker of KIR6.1/2-SUR2 Subunits of ATP-Sensitive K + Channels: Role in the Adverse Drug Reactions. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13091350. [PMID: 34575427 PMCID: PMC8465290 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13091350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/17/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Zoledronic acid (ZOL) is used as a bone-specific antiresorptive drug with antimyeloma effects. Adverse drug reactions (A.D.R.) are associated with ZOL-therapy, whose mechanics are unknown. ZOL is a nitrogen-containing molecule whose structure shows similarities with nucleotides, ligands of ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channels. We investigated the action of ZOL by performing in vitro patch-clamp experiments on native KATP channels in murine skeletal muscle fibers, bone cells, and recombinant subunits in cell lines, and by in silico docking the nucleotide site on KIR and SUR, as well as the glibenclamide site. ZOL fully inhibited the KATP currents recorded in excised macro-patches from Extensor digitorum longus (EDL) and Soleus (SOL) muscle fibers with an IC50 of 1.2 ± 1.4 × 10−6 and 2.1 ± 3.7 × 10−10 M, respectively, and the KATP currents recorded in cell-attached patches from primary long bone cells with an IC50 of 1.6 ± 2.8 × 10−10 M. ZOL fully inhibited a whole-cell KATP channel current of recombinant KIR6.1-SUR2B and KIR6.2-SUR2A subunits expressed in HEK293 cells with an IC50 of 3.9 ± 2.7 × 10−10 M and 7.1 ± 3.1 × 10−6 M, respectively. The rank order of potency in inhibiting the KATP currents was: KIR6.1-SUR2B/SOL-KATP/osteoblast-KATP > KIR6.2-SUR2A/EDL-KATP >>> KIR6.2-SUR1 and KIR6.1-SUR1. Docking investigation revealed that the drug binds to the ADP/ATP sites on KIR6.1/2 and SUR2A/B and on the sulfonylureas site showing low binding energy <6 Kcal/mol for the KIR6.1/2-SUR2 subunits vs. the <4 Kcal/mol for the KIR6.2-SUR1. The IC50 of ZOL to inhibit the KIR6.1/2-SUR2A/B channels were correlated with its musculoskeletal and cardiovascular risks. We first showed that ZOL blocks at subnanomolar concentration musculoskeletal KATP channels and cardiac and vascular KIR6.2/1-SUR2 channels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Fatima Maqoud
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Rosa Scala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (R.S.)
| | - Vincenzo Tragni
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (C.L.P.)
| | - Ciro Leonardo Pierri
- Laboratory of Biochemistry, Structural and Molecular Biology, Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (V.T.); (C.L.P.)
- BROWSer S.r.l., University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, Via E. Orabona, 4, 70126 Bari, Italy
| | - Maria Grazia Perrone
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.G.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Antonio Scilimati
- Medicinal Chemistry Section, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (M.G.P.); (A.S.)
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari, Via Orabona 4, 70125 Bari, Italy; (F.M.); (R.S.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Scala R, Maqoud F, Zizzo N, Passantino G, Mele A, Camerino GM, McClenaghan C, Harter TM, Nichols CG, Tricarico D. Consequences of SUR2[A478V] Mutation in Skeletal Muscle of Murine Model of Cantu Syndrome. Cells 2021; 10:cells10071791. [PMID: 34359961 PMCID: PMC8307364 DOI: 10.3390/cells10071791] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2021] [Revised: 07/12/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Cantu syndrome (CS) arises from gain-of-function (GOF) mutations in the ABCC9 and KCNJ8 genes, which encode ATP-sensitive K+ (KATP) channel subunits SUR2 and Kir6.1, respectively. Most CS patients have mutations in SUR2, the major component of skeletal muscle KATP, but the consequences of SUR2 GOF in skeletal muscle are unknown. (2) Methods: We performed in vivo and ex vivo characterization of skeletal muscle in heterozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2wt/AV) and homozygous SUR2[A478V] (SUR2AV/AV) CS mice. (3) Results: In SUR2wt/AV and SUR2AV/AV mice, forelimb strength and diaphragm amplitude movement were reduced; muscle echodensity was enhanced. KATP channel currents recorded in Flexor digitorum brevis fibers showed reduced MgATP-sensitivity in SUR2wt/AV, dramatically so in SUR2AV/AV mice; IC50 for MgATP inhibition of KATP currents were 1.9 ± 0.5 × 10−5 M in SUR2wt/AV and 8.6 ± 0.4 × 10−6 M in WT mice and was not measurable in SUR2AV/AV. A slight rightward shift of sensitivity to inhibition by glibenclamide was detected in SUR2AV/AV mice. Histopathological and qPCR analysis revealed atrophy of soleus and tibialis anterior muscles and up-regulation of atrogin-1 and MuRF1 mRNA in CS mice. (4) Conclusions: SUR2[A478V] “knock-in” mutation in mice impairs KATP channel modulation by MgATP, markedly so in SUR2AV/AV, with atrophy and non-inflammatory edema in different skeletal muscle phenotypes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rosa Scala
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.S.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Fatima Maqoud
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.S.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Nicola Zizzo
- Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (N.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Giuseppe Passantino
- Section of Veterinary Pathology and Comparative Oncology, Department of Veterinary Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70121 Bari, Italy; (N.Z.); (G.P.)
| | - Antonietta Mele
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.S.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Giulia Maria Camerino
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.S.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.C.)
| | - Conor McClenaghan
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; (C.M.); (T.M.H.); (C.G.N.)
| | - Theresa M. Harter
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; (C.M.); (T.M.H.); (C.G.N.)
| | - Colin G. Nichols
- Center for the Investigation of Membrane Excitability Diseases, Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO 63110-1010, USA; (C.M.); (T.M.H.); (C.G.N.)
| | - Domenico Tricarico
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacy-Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, 70125 Bari, Italy; (R.S.); (F.M.); (A.M.); (G.M.C.)
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|