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Kumar A, Angelopoulou E, Pyrgelis ES, Piperi C, Mishra A. Harnessing Therapeutic Potentials of Biochanin A in Neurological Disorders: Pharmacokinetic and Pharmacodynamic Overview. Chem Biodivers 2024; 21:e202400709. [PMID: 38828832 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.202400709] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2024] [Revised: 06/02/2024] [Accepted: 06/03/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Biochanin A, an isoflavone flavonoid with estrogenic activity, is naturally found in red clover and other legumes. It possesses a wide range of pharmacological properties, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, neuroprotective, and anticancer effects. In recent years, a growing body of pre-clinical research has focused on exploring the therapeutic potential of biochanin A in various neurological disorders, such as Alzheimer's and Parkinson's disease, multiple sclerosis, epilepsy, ischemic brain injury, gliomas, and neurotoxicity. This comprehensive review aims to shed light on the underlying molecular mechanisms that contribute to the neuroprotective role of biochanin A based on previous pre-clinical studies. Furthermore, it provides a detailed overview of the protective effects of biochanin A in diverse neurological disorders. The review also addresses the limitations associated with biochanin A administration and discusses different approaches employed to overcome these challenges. Finally, it highlights the future opportunities for translating biochanin A from pre-clinical research to clinical studies while also considering its commercial viability as a dietary supplement or a potential treatment for various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Kumar
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
| | - Efthalia Angelopoulou
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Efstratios-Stylianos Pyrgelis
- Department of Neurology, School of Medicine, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Eginition Hospital, 11528, Athens, Greece
| | - Christina Piperi
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Medical School, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, 11527, Greece
| | - Awanish Mishra
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, National Institute of Pharmaceutical Education and Research (NIPER) - Guwahati, Changsari, Kamrup, Assam, 781101, India
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Owona PE, Mengue Ngadena YS, Bilanda DC, Ngoungouré MC, Mbolang Nguegan L, Bidingha A Goufani R, Kahou Tadah RB, Noubom M, Ella AF, Tcheutchoua YC, Ambamba Akamba BD, Bouguem Yandja PC, Keumedjio Teko P, Dzeufiet Djomeni PD, Kamtchouing P. Pterocarpus soyauxii (Fabaceae) aqueous extract to prevent neuropsychiatric disorders associated with menopause by triggering ROS-dependent oxidative damage and inhibiting acetylcholinesterase, GABA-transaminase, and monoamine oxidase A: In vitro, in vivo, and in silico approaches. Heliyon 2024; 10:e33843. [PMID: 39055825 PMCID: PMC11269881 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e33843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/27/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Pterocarpus soyauxii (PS) is traditionally used in Cameroon medicine to alleviate postmenopausal symptoms. Previous research has shown that it has tissue-selective potential and estrogen-mimetic effects on vaginal atrophy. Phytoestrogens like 7-O-acetyl formononetin, khrinone A, and 3',5'-dimethoxy-4-stilbenol were found in its water extract by UHPLC, but there is no evidence of its effects on neurological disorders linked to post-menopause (ND-PO). The study aimed to investigate the phytochemical profile of PS aqueous extract, assess its neuroprotective potential in rats, and explore possible underlying pathways. We used colorimetric assays to study the phytochemical profile of PS extract. Effects of the extract on behavioral parameters, neuronal signaling, and integrity in an 84-day ovariectomized rat model. Molecular docking was performed to assess the ability of 7-O-acetyl formononetin, an isoflavone contained in PS, to cross the BBB and its binding affinity to the active sites of AChE, MAO-A, and GABA-T. Besides, the anti-AChE/BChE, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects of PS were assessed by in vitro tests. PS aqueous extract contains polyphenols (656.58 ± 9.18 mgEAG/100gMS), flavonoids (201.25 ± 5.52 mgEQ/100gDW), and tannins (18.42 ± 1.25 mg/100gDW). It slows down anxiety, depressive disorders, cellular disorganization, and neuronal death in the hippocampus, dentate gyrus, and neocortex. In silico modeling was a powerful tool to assess the 7-O-acetylformononetin's ability to cross the BBB and strongly bind and inhibit AChE, MAO-A, and GABA-T. Thus, by combining GABAergic, cholinergic, and serotoninergic modulation, PS aqueous extract also possesses remarkable anti-AChE/BChE in vitro and induces antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential in macrophages. Such estromimetics, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cholinergic, and monoaminergic modulators represent promising activities to develop neuroprotective drugs with optimal therapeutic profiles for menopausal women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Emmanuel Owona
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yolande Sandrine Mengue Ngadena
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
- Neurosciences and psychogerontology axis, Laboratory of Development and Maldevelopment, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Arts, Letters, and Social Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box. 755 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Danielle Claude Bilanda
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Madeleine Chantal Ngoungouré
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Lohik Mbolang Nguegan
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Ronald Bidingha A Goufani
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Rivaldo Bernes Kahou Tadah
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Michel Noubom
- Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, University of Dschang, P.O. Box. 67, Dschang, Cameroon
| | - Armand Fils Ella
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Yannick Carlos Tcheutchoua
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Bruno Dupon Ambamba Akamba
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paule Cynthia Bouguem Yandja
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paulin Keumedjio Teko
- Department of Biochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Paul Desire Dzeufiet Djomeni
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Pierre Kamtchouing
- Department of Animal Biology and Physiology, Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Science, University of Yaoundé 1, P.O. Box 812 Yaoundé, Cameroon
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Anuranjana P, Beegum F, K.P D, George KT, Viswanatha G, Nayak PG, Kanwal A, Kishore A, Shenoy RR, Nandakumar K. Mechanisms Behind the Pharmacological Application of Biochanin-A: A review. F1000Res 2023; 12:107. [PMID: 38106650 PMCID: PMC10725524 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.126059.3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/30/2023] [Indexed: 12/19/2023] Open
Abstract
This review was aimed at summarizing the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the various pharmacological actions of biochanin-A. Many studies have been reported claiming its application in cancers, metabolic disorders, airway hyperresponsiveness, cardiac disorders, neurological disorders, etc. With regard to hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and other malignancies like pancreatic, colon, lung, osteosarcoma, glioma that has limited treatment options, biochanin-A revealed agreeable results in arresting cancer development. Biochanin-A has also shown therapeutic benefits when administered for neurological disorders, diabetes, hyperlipidaemia, and other chronic diseases/disorders. Isoflavones are considered phenomenal due to their high efficiency in modifying the physiological functions of the human body. Biochanin-A is one among the prominent isoflavones found in soy (glycine max), red clover (Trifolium pratense), and alfalfa sprouts, etc., with proven potency in modulating vital cellular mechanisms in various diseases. It has been popular for ages among menopausal women in controlling symptoms. In view of the multi-targeted functions of biochanin-A, it is essential to summarize it's mechanism of action in various disorders. The safety and efficacy of biochanin-A needs to be established in clinical trials involving human subjects. Biochanin-A might be able to modify various systems of the human body like the cardiovascular system, CNS, respiratory system, etc. It has shown a remarkable effect on hormonal cancers and other cancers. Many types of research on biochanin-A, particularly in breast, lung, colon, prostate, and pancreatic cancers, have shown a positive impact. Through modulating oxidative stress, SIRT-1 expression, PPAR gamma receptors, and other multiple mechanisms biochanin-A produces anti-diabetic action. The diverse molecular mechanistic pathways involved in the pharmacological ability of biochanin-A indicate that it is a very promising molecule and can play a major impact in modifying several physiological functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- P.V. Anuranjana
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Fathima Beegum
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Divya K.P
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Krupa Thankam George
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | | | - Pawan G. Nayak
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Abhinav Kanwal
- Department of Pharmacology, All India Institute of Medical Sciences, Bathinda, Punjab, India
| | - Anoop Kishore
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - Rekha R. Shenoy
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
| | - K. Nandakumar
- Department of Pharmacology, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal, Karnataka, 576104, India
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Gannon OJ, Naik JS, Riccio D, Mansour FM, Abi-Ghanem C, Salinero AE, Kelly RD, Brooks HL, Zuloaga KL. Menopause causes metabolic and cognitive impairments in a chronic cerebral hypoperfusion model of vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia. Biol Sex Differ 2023; 14:34. [PMID: 37221553 DOI: 10.1186/s13293-023-00518-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The vast majority of women with dementia are post-menopausal. Despite clinical relevance, menopause is underrepresented in rodent models of dementia. Before menopause, women are less likely than men to experience strokes, obesity, and diabetes-known risk factors for vascular contributions to cognitive impairment and dementia (VCID). During menopause, ovarian estrogen production stops and the risk of developing these dementia risk factors spikes. Here, we aimed to determine if menopause worsens cognitive impairment in VCID. We hypothesized that menopause would cause metabolic dysfunction and increase cognitive impairment in a mouse model of VCID. METHODS We performed a unilateral common carotid artery occlusion surgery to produce chronic cerebral hypoperfusion and model VCID in mice. We used 4-vinylcyclohexene diepoxide to induce accelerated ovarian failure and model menopause. We evaluated cognitive impairment using behavioral tests including novel object recognition, Barnes maze, and nest building. To assess metabolic changes, we measured weight, adiposity, and glucose tolerance. We explored multiple aspects of brain pathology including cerebral hypoperfusion and white matter changes (commonly observed in VCID) as well as changes to estrogen receptor expression (which may mediate altered sensitivity to VCID pathology post-menopause). RESULTS Menopause increased weight gain, glucose intolerance, and visceral adiposity. VCID caused deficits in spatial memory regardless of menopausal status. Post-menopausal VCID specifically led to additional deficits in episodic-like memory and activities of daily living. Menopause did not alter resting cerebral blood flow on the cortical surface (assessed by laser speckle contrast imaging). In the white matter, menopause decreased myelin basic protein gene expression in the corpus callosum but did not lead to overt white matter damage (assessed by Luxol fast blue). Menopause did not significantly alter estrogen receptor expression (ERα, ERβ, or GPER1) in the cortex or hippocampus. CONCLUSIONS Overall, we have found that the accelerated ovarian failure model of menopause caused metabolic impairment and cognitive deficits in a mouse model of VCID. Further studies are needed to identify the underlying mechanism. Importantly, the post-menopausal brain still expressed estrogen receptors at normal (pre-menopausal) levels. This is encouraging for any future studies attempting to reverse the effects of estrogen loss by activating brain estrogen receptors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olivia J Gannon
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Janvie S Naik
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - David Riccio
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Febronia M Mansour
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Charly Abi-Ghanem
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Abigail E Salinero
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Richard D Kelly
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA
| | - Heddwen L Brooks
- Department of Physiology, University of Arizona College of Medicine, Tucson, AZ, 85724, USA
| | - Kristen L Zuloaga
- Department of Neuroscience and Experimental Therapeutics, Albany Medical College, 47 New Scotland Avenue, MC-136, Albany, NY, 12208, USA.
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Singh L, Kaur N, Bhatti R. Neuroprotective potential of biochanin-A and review of the molecular mechanisms involved. Mol Biol Rep 2023; 50:5369-5378. [PMID: 37039995 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-023-08397-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2023] [Indexed: 04/12/2023]
Abstract
Biochanin-A is a naturally occurring plant phytoestrogen, which mimics specific the agonistic activity of estrogens. Biochanin-A is known to possess numerous activities, including neuroprotective, anti-diabetic, hepatoprotective, anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and antimicrobial activities, along with the anticancer activity. Neuroinflammation is thought to play a pivotal pathological role in neurodegenerative disease. Sustained neuroinflammatory processes lead to progressive neuronal damage in Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease. Activation of PI3K/Akt cascade and inhibition of MAPK signaling cascade have been observed to be responsible for conferring protection against neuroinflammation in neurodegenerative diseases. An increased oxidative stress promotes neuronal apoptosis via potentiating the TLR-4/NF-κB and inhibiting PI3K/Akt signaling mediated increase in pro-apoptotic and decreases in antiapoptotic proteins. Various authors have explored biochanin-A's neuroprotective effect by using various cell lines and animal models. Biochanin-A has been reported to mediate its neuroprotective via reducing the level of oxidants, inflammatory mediators, MAPK, TLR-4, NF-κB, NADPH oxidase, AchE, COX-2 and iNOS. Whereas, it has been observed to increase the level of anti-oxidants, along with phosphorylation of PI3K and Akt proteins. The current review has been designed to provide insights into the neuroprotective effect of biochanin-A and possible signaling pathways leading to protection against neuroinflammation and apoptosis in the central nervous system. This review will be helpful in guiding future researchers to further explore biochanin A at a mechanistic level to obtain useful lead molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lovedeep Singh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India.
- University Institute of Pharma Sciences, Chandigarh University, Mohali, Punjab, India.
| | - Navneet Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
| | - Rajbir Bhatti
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guru Nanak Dev University, Amritsar, Punjab, India
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Elghareeb MM, Elshopakey GE, Elkhooly TA, Salama B, Samy A, Bazer FW, Elmetwally MA, Almutairi MH, Aleya L, Abdel-Daim MM, Rezk S. Estradiol and zinc-doped nano hydroxyapatite as therapeutic agents in the prevention of osteoporosis; oxidative stress status, inflammation, bone turnover, bone mineral density, and histological alterations in ovariectomized rats. Front Physiol 2022; 13:989487. [PMID: 36200054 PMCID: PMC9527315 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2022.989487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 08/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Osteoporosis (OP) is a serious health problem, and the most popular therapeutic strategy for OP is hormone replacement (estrogen); however, it increases the risk of reproductive cancers. Hydroxyapatite (HA) nanoparticles have a similar chemical structure to the bone mineral component and can be used as a new remedy for OP. This study was designed to investigate the osteoporosis-protective potential of nano zinc hydroxyapatite (ZnHA-NPs) and/or estradiol (E2) combined therapy. A total of 35 adult female rats were assigned into five groups (n = 7): 1) control group; 2) ovariectomized group (OVX); 3) OVX received oral estradiol replacement therapy (OVX/E2); 4) OVX received ZnHA replacement therapy (OVX/ZnHA); and 5) OVX received both estradiol and ZnHA-NPs combined therapy (OVX/E2+ZnHA). After 3 months of treatment, serum bone markers and estrogen level, oxidative/antioxidant, and inflammatory cytokines were determined. Additionally, femoral expression of estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ESR1; ESR2), receptor activator of nuclear factor-kappa B (RANKL) ligand, osteoprotegerin (OPG), bone mineral density (BMD), histological alterations, and immunohistochemical expression of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and proliferating cell nuclear antigen (PCNA) were assessed. ALP, PINP, Ca, and P concentrations improved significantly (p < 0.05) in all treatment groups, especially in the OVX/E + ZnHA group. MDA and NO were higher in OVX rats, while SOD activity and GSH were lower (p < 0.05). E2 alone or with ZnHA-NPs restored the estimated antioxidant molecules and cytokines toward normal levels in OVX rats (p < 0.05). On the other hand, E2 and ZnHA increased OPG and OC expression in femurs while decreasing ESR1, ESR2, and NF-kB expression (p < 0.05). The combination treatment was superior in the restoration of normal femoral histoarchitecture and both cortical and trabecular BMD (p < 0.05). Overall, the combined therapy of OVX/E2+ZnHA was more effective than the individual treatments in attenuating excessive bone turnover and preventing osteoporosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mona M. Elghareeb
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Gehad E. Elshopakey
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Tarek A. Elkhooly
- Nanomedicine Research Unit, Faculty of Medicine, Delta University for Science and Technology, Belqas, Egypt
- Refractories, Ceramics, and Building Materials Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, New Mansoura University, New Mansoura City, Egypt
| | - Basma Salama
- Department of Biochemistry and Chemistry of Nutrition, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Alaa Samy
- Department of Surgery, Anesthesiology, and Radiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Fuller W Bazer
- Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, United States
| | - Mohammed A Elmetwally
- Department of Theriogenology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Mikhlid H. Almutairi
- Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Lotfi Aleya
- UMR CNRS 6249, Chrono-Environnement Laboratory, Bourgogne, Franche-Comté University, Besançon, France
| | - Mohamed M. Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Shaymaa Rezk
- Department of Cytology and Histology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
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Cervantes-Anaya N, Azpilcueta-Morales G, Estrada-Camarena E, Ramírez Ortega D, Pérez de la Cruz V, González-Trujano ME, López-Rubalcava C. Pomegranate and Its Components, Punicalagin and Ellagic Acid, Promote Antidepressant, Antioxidant, and Free Radical-Scavenging Activity in Ovariectomized Rats. Front Behav Neurosci 2022; 16:836681. [PMID: 35600992 PMCID: PMC9120967 DOI: 10.3389/fnbeh.2022.836681] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Previous reports described the antidepressant-like action of the aqueous extract of pomegranate (Punica granatum: AEPG). Thus we evaluated the effect of AEPG and the main compounds found in the extract, punicalagin (PNCG) and ellagic acid (EA), on forced swimming test and the redox environment (reactive oxygen species [ROS] production, lipoperoxidation [LPX], and cellular function) in the brain of rats treated with 3 weeks post ovariectomy exposed ex vivo to pro-oxidants. Also, we selected PNCG and EA to study their antidepressant-like effects (0.001, 0.01, 0.1, 1.0, and 10 mg/kg) in the forced swimming test and their scavenging capacities in chemical combinatorial assays (expressed as IC50 values). We observed a 2-fold increase in the formation of ROS and LPX in the brain after exposure to FeSO4. However, these effects were significantly attenuated when rats were treated with AEPG, PNCG, and EA (1 mg/kg and 0.010 mg/kg for 14 days). AEPG and EA significantly increased the cellular function values of brains that had been affected by the effect of FeSO4 and with ONOO-. PNCG and EA significantly reduced immobility behavior at the lower doses used in this study. The capacity of scavenging compounds to eliminate radicals was for hydroxyl radical (⋅OH), superoxide anion (O2⋅-), and peroxynitrite (ONOO-) as follows: AEPG > punicalagin > ellagic acid. In conclusion, the AEPG and their active compounds PNCG and EA promote antidepressant-like actions and antioxidant activity as they attenuate oxidative damage and prevent cellular dysfunction in ovariectomized rat brains.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nancy Cervantes-Anaya
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Gabriel Azpilcueta-Morales
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Erika Estrada-Camarena
- Laboratorio de Neuropsicofarmacología, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Daniela Ramírez Ortega
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Veronica Pérez de la Cruz
- Laboratorio de Neurobioquímica y Conducta, Instituto Nacional de Neurología y Neurocirugía Manuel Velasco Suárez, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Maria Eva González-Trujano
- Laboratorio de Neurofarmacología de Productos Naturales, Dirección de Neurociencias, Instituto Nacional de Psiquiatría Ramón de la Fuente Muñiz, Secretaria de Salud (SSA), Mexico City, Mexico
| | - C. López-Rubalcava
- Laboratorio 16, Departamento de Farmacobiología, Centro de Investigación y Estudios Avanzados, Mexico City, Mexico
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Biochanin A Improves Memory Decline and Brain Pathology in Cuprizone-Induced Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis. Behav Sci (Basel) 2022; 12:bs12030070. [PMID: 35323389 PMCID: PMC8945046 DOI: 10.3390/bs12030070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/06/2022] [Revised: 02/17/2022] [Accepted: 02/18/2022] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system characterized by the demyelination of nerves, neural degeneration, and axonal loss. Cognitive impairment, including memory decline, is a significant feature in MS affecting up to 70% of patients. Thereby, it substantially impacts patients’ quality of life. Biochanin A (BCA) is an o-methylated isoflavone with a wide variety of pharmacological activities, including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective activities. Thus, this study aimed to investigate the possible protective effects of BCA on memory decline in the cuprizone (CPZ) model of MS. Thirty Swiss albino male mice (SWR/J) were randomly divided into three groups (n = 10): control (normal chow + i.p. 1:9 mixture of DMSO and PBS), CPZ (0.2% w/w of CPZ mixed into chow + i.p. 1:9 mixture of DMSO and PBS), and CPZ + BCA (0.2% w/w of CPZ mixed into chow + i.p. 40 mg/kg of BCA). At the last week of the study (week 5), a series of behavioral tasks were performed. A grip strength test was performed to assess muscle weakness while Y-maze, novel object recognition task (NORT), and novel arm discrimination task (NADT) were performed to assess memory. Additionally, histological examination of the hippocampus and the prefrontal cortex (PFC) were conducted. BCA administration caused a significant increase in the grip strength compared with the CPZ group. Additionally, BCA significantly improved the mice’s spatial memory in the Y-maze and recognition memory in the NORT and the NADT compared with the CPZ group. Moreover, BCA mitigated neuronal damage in the PFC and the hippocampus after five weeks of administration. In conclusion, our data demonstrates the possible protective effect of BCA against memory deterioration in mice fed with CPZ for five weeks.
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Ramachandran V, V IK, Hr KK, Tiwari R, Tiwari G. Biochanin-A: A Bioactive Natural Product with Versatile Therapeutic Perspectives. Curr Drug Res Rev 2022; 14:225-238. [PMID: 35579127 DOI: 10.2174/2589977514666220509201804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Biochanin-A (5,7 dihydroxy 4 methoxy isoflavone) is a phytochemical phytoestrogen that is highly effective against various diseases. Biochanin-A is a nutritional and dietary isoflavonoid naturally present in red clover, chickpea, soybeans and other herbs. Biochanin- A possesses numerous biological activities. OBJECTIVE The study focused on collective data of therapeutic activities of Biochanin-A. METHODS According to the literature, biochanin-A revealed a range of activities starting from chemoprevention, by hindering cell growth, activation of tumor cell death, hampering metastasis, angiogenic action, cell cycle regulation, neuroprotection, by controlling microglial activation, balancing antioxidants, elevating the neurochemicals, suppressing BACE-1, NADPH oxidase hindrance to inflammation, by mitigating the MAPK and NF- κB, discharge of inflammatory markers, upregulating the PPAR-γ, improving the function of heme oxygenase-1, erythroid 2 nuclear factors, detoxifying the oxygen radicals and stimulating the superoxide dismutase action, and controlling its production of transcription factors. Against pathogens, biochanin-A acts by dephosphorylating tyrosine kinase proteins, obstructing gram-negative bacteria, suppressing the development of cytokines from viruses, and improving the action of a neuraminidase cleavage of caspase-3, and acts as an efflux pump inhibitor. In metabolic disorders, biochanin-A acts by encouraging transcriptional initiation and inhibition, activating estrogen receptors, and increasing the activity of differentiation, autophagy, inflammation, and blood glucose metabolism. CONCLUSION Therefore, biochanin-A could be used as a therapeutic drug for various pathological conditions and treatments in human beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vadivelan Ramachandran
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Inba Kumar V
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Kiran Kumar Hr
- Department of Pharmacology, JSS College of Pharmacy, JSS Academy of Higher Education & Research, Ooty, Nilgiris, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Ruchi Tiwari
- PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur 208020, India
| | - Gaurav Tiwari
- PSIT-Pranveer Singh Institute of Technology (Pharmacy), Kalpi Road, Bhauti, Kanpur 208020, India
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Zhao W, Hou Y, Song X, Wang L, Zhang F, Zhang H, Yu H, Zhou Y. Estrogen Deficiency Induces Mitochondrial Damage Prior to Emergence of Cognitive Deficits in a Postmenopausal Mouse Model. Front Aging Neurosci 2021; 13:713819. [PMID: 34335235 PMCID: PMC8319728 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2021.713819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 06/28/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Estrogen deficiency contributes to the development of Alzheimer's disease (AD) in menopausal women. In the current study, we examined the impact of estrogen deficiency on mitochondrial function and cognition using a postmenopausal mouse model. Methods: Bilateral ovariectomy was conducted in adult females C57BL/6J. Cognitive function was examined using the Morris water maze (MWM) test at 2 weeks, 1, 2, and 3 months after ovariectomy. Neurodegeneration was assessed using an immunofluorescence assay of microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2) in the hippocampus and immunoblotting against postsynaptic density-95 (PSD95). Mitochondrial function in the hippocampus was assessed using immunoblotting for NDUFB8, SDHB, UQCRC2, MTCO1, and ATP5A1. Mitochondrial biogenesis was examined using immunoblotting for PGC-1α, NRF1, and mtTFA. Mitochondrion fission was assessed with immunoblotting for Drp1, whereas mitochondrion fusion was analyzed with immunoblotting for OPA1 and Mfn2. Mitophagy was examined with immunoblotting for PINK1 and LC3B. Mice receiving sham surgery were used as controls. Results: Ovariectomy resulted in significant learning and memory deficits in the MWM test at 3 months, but not at any earlier time points. At 2 weeks after ovariectomy, levels of Drp1 phosphorylated at Ser637 decreased in the hippocampus. At 1 month after ovariectomy, hippocampal levels of NDUFB8, SDHB, PGC-1α, mtTFA, OPA1, and Mfn2 were significantly reduced. At 2 months after ovariectomy, hippocampal levels of MAP2, PSD95, MTCO1, NRF1, and Pink1 were also reduced. At 3 months, levels of LC3B-II were reduced. Conclusions: The cognitive decline associated with estrogen deficiency is preceded by mitochondrial dysfunction, abnormal mitochondrial biogenesis, irregular mitochondrial dynamics, and decreased mitophagy. Thus, mitochondrial damage may contribute to cognitive impairment associated with estrogen deficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhao
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yue Hou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Xinxin Song
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Lei Wang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Fangfang Zhang
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Hanting Zhang
- Departments of Neuroscience and Behavioral Medicine and Psychiatry, Rockefeller Neurosciences Institute, West Virginia University Health Sciences Center, Morgantown, WV, United States
| | - Haiyang Yu
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
| | - Yanmeng Zhou
- Institute of Pharmacology, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Taian, China
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Bragagnolo FS, Funari CS, Ibáñez E, Cifuentes A. Metabolomics as a Tool to Study Underused Soy Parts: In Search of Bioactive Compounds. Foods 2021; 10:foods10061308. [PMID: 34200265 PMCID: PMC8230045 DOI: 10.3390/foods10061308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The valorization of agri-food by-products is essential from both economic and sustainability perspectives. The large quantity of such materials causes problems for the environment; however, they can also generate new valuable ingredients and products which promote beneficial effects on human health. It is estimated that soybean production, the major oilseed crop worldwide, will leave about 597 million metric tons of branches, leaves, pods, and roots on the ground post-harvesting in 2020/21. An alternative for the use of soy-related by-products arises from the several bioactive compounds found in this plant. Metabolomics studies have already identified isoflavonoids, saponins, and organic and fatty acids, among other metabolites, in all soy organs. The present review aims to show the application of metabolomics for identifying high-added-value compounds in underused parts of the soy plant, listing the main bioactive metabolites identified up to now, as well as the factors affecting their production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Felipe Sanchez Bragagnolo
- School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (C.S.F.)
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Cristiano Soleo Funari
- School of Agricultural Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Botucatu 18610-034, SP, Brazil; (F.S.B.); (C.S.F.)
| | - Elena Ibáñez
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Alejandro Cifuentes
- Laboratory of Foodomics, Institute of Food Science Research (CIAL-CSIC), 28049 Madrid, Spain;
- Correspondence:
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