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Campanale A, Inserra A, Comai S. Therapeutic modulation of the kynurenine pathway in severe mental illness and comorbidities: A potential role for serotonergic psychedelics. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2024; 134:111058. [PMID: 38885875 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2024.111058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2024] [Revised: 05/15/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Mounting evidence points towards a crucial role of the kynurenine pathway (KP) in the altered gut-brain axis (GBA) balance in severe mental illness (SMI, namely depression, bipolar disorder, and schizophrenia) and cardiometabolic comorbidities. Preliminary evidence shows that serotonergic psychedelics and their analogues may hold therapeutic potential in addressing the altered KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities. In fact, aside from their effects on mood, psychedelics elicit therapeutic improvement in preclinical models of obesity, metabolic syndrome, and vascular inflammation, which are highly comorbid with SMI. Here, we review the literature on the therapeutic modulation of the KP in the dysregulated GBA in SMI and comorbidities, and the potential application of psychedelics to address the altered KP in the brain and systemic dysfunction underlying SMI and comorbidities. Psychedelics might therapeutically modulate the KP in the altered GBA in SMI and comorbidities either directly, via altering the metabolic pathway by influencing the rate-limiting enzymes of the KP and affecting the levels of available tryptophan, or indirectly, by affecting the gut microbiome, gut metabolome, metabolism, and the immune system. Despite promising preliminary evidence, the mechanisms and outcomes of the KP modulation with psychedelics in SMI and systemic comorbidities remain largely unknown and require further investigation. Several concerns are discussed surrounding the potential side effects of this approach in specific cohorts of individuals with SMI and systemic comorbidities.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Antonio Inserra
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Stefano Comai
- Department of Psychiatry, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada; Department of Pharmaceutical and Pharmacological Sciences, University of Padova, PD, Italy.; IRCCS San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, Padua, Italy.
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2
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Wang H, Shang R, Gao S, Huang A, Huang H, Li W, Guo H. Characterization of key aroma compounds in a novel Chinese rice wine Xijiao Huojiu during its biological-ageing-like process by untargeted metabolomics. Heliyon 2024; 10:e34396. [PMID: 39130457 PMCID: PMC11315155 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2024.e34396] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Revised: 06/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/09/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Xijiao Huojiu (Xijiao), an ancient Chinese rice wine (ACRW), is produced using traditional methods, which involve biological-ageing-like process and result in distinctive sensory profiles. However, its aroma composition is still unclear. In this study, the aroma characteristics of three samples with varying ageing times were examined. Xijiao_SCT, with a short cellar time, exhibited a strong fruity and floral aroma and a less grain-like aroma. Conversely, Xijiao_LCT, which had a long cellar time, had a deep cocoa- and caramel-like aroma. A total of 27 key odorants that greatly influenced the aroma characteristics of Xijiao were identified. Comparative studies were used to identify 12 key odorants that distinguish Xijiao from modern Chinese rice wine (MCRW) and grape wines (GW). Additionally, 13 dominant latent ageing markers differentiated Xijiao_SCT from Xijiao_LCT. Our results suggested that ACRW and MCRW have overlapping but distinct volatile metabolomic profiles, highlighting the characteristics of ACRW during ageing process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Han Wang
- Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Rui Shang
- Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Suying Gao
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Ancheng Huang
- Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Honghui Huang
- Shenzhen Haohao Biotechnology Company Ltd., Shenzhen, 518028, China
| | - Wenyang Li
- Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
| | - Hongwei Guo
- Institute of Plant and Food Science, Department of Biology, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
- Key Laboratory of Molecular Design for Plant Cell Factory of Guangdong Higher Education Institutes, School of Life Sciences, Southern University of Science and Technology (SUSTech), Shenzhen, 518055, China
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Geng J, Wu Y, Tian H, Dong J. Alleviation of High-Fat Diet-Induced Hyperlipidemia in Mice by Stachys sieboldii Miq. Huangjiu via the Modulation of Gut Microbiota Composition and Metabolic Function. Foods 2024; 13:2360. [PMID: 39123552 PMCID: PMC11312184 DOI: 10.3390/foods13152360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2024] [Revised: 07/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/23/2024] [Indexed: 08/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Hyperlipidemia is a chronic disease that is difficult to cure, and long-term pharmacotherapy may have negative consequences. Dietary therapy is a very promising strategy, and Chinese rice wine (Huangjiu) will play an important role because of its many biologically active components. In this work, the alleviating effect of Stachys sieboldii Miq. Huangjiu (CSCHJ) on high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia in mice was investigated, which is brewed from the wheat Qu with the addition of Stachys sieboldii Miq. and contains 15.54 g/L of polysaccharides. The experimental results showed that CSCHJ inhibited appetite, reduced body weight and blood sugar levels, and downregulated the serum levels of total cholesterol (TC), triglycerides (TG), and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) while concurrently upregulating high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) in the high-fat diet-induced hyperlipidemia mice. At the same time, it was discovered that alcohol worsens hyperlipidemia symptoms and related physiological markers, implying that CSCHJ polysaccharides may play a role in hyperlipidemia treatment. Through the assessment of organ indices, liver and kidney function, and tissue staining, CSCHJ demonstrated efficacy in repairing liver, kidney, and colon mucosal damage in hyperlipidemic mice. Furthermore, 16S rDNA sequencing and gas chromatography studies revealed that CSCHJ effectively restored the intestinal microbial structure and enhanced the quantity of fecal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in hyperlipidemic mice. Therefore, the alleviating effect of CSCHJ on hyperlipidemia in mice may be attributed to its regulation of energy metabolism by repairing liver, kidney, and colon mucosal damage and restoring the gut microbiota structure, among other mechanisms. Overall, our findings provide evidence that CSCHJ contains active ingredients capable of alleviating hyperlipidemia, thereby laying a theoretical foundation for the extraction of bioactive substances from Huangjiu for future medical or dietary use.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingzhang Geng
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, 1 East 1st Ring Road, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.G.); (Y.W.); (H.T.)
- School of Life Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xianning West Road, Xi’an 710049, China
| | - Yunxia Wu
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, 1 East 1st Ring Road, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.G.); (Y.W.); (H.T.)
| | - Honglei Tian
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, 1 East 1st Ring Road, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.G.); (Y.W.); (H.T.)
| | - Jianwei Dong
- Shaanxi Province Key Laboratory of Bio-Resources, QinLing-Bashan Mountains Bioresources Comprehensive Development C. I. C., Qinba State Key Laboratory of Biological Resources and Ecological Environment, Shaanxi University of Technology, 1 East 1st Ring Road, Hanzhong 723001, China; (J.G.); (Y.W.); (H.T.)
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4
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Ponce-España E, Cruz-Chamorro I, Santos-Sánchez G, Álvarez-López AI, Fernández-Santos JM, Pedroche J, Millán-Linares MC, Bejarano I, Lardone PJ, Carrillo-Vico A. Anti-obesogenic effect of lupin-derived protein hydrolysate through modulation of adiposopathy, insulin resistance and gut dysbiosis in a diet-induced obese mouse. Biomed Pharmacother 2024; 178:117198. [PMID: 39059351 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2024.117198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2024] [Revised: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of obesity is increasingly widespread, resembling a global epidemic. Lifestyle changes, such as consumption of high-energy-dense diets and physical inactivity, are major contributors to obesity. Common features of this metabolic pathology involve an imbalance in lipid and glucose homeostasis including dyslipidemia, insulin resistance and adipose tissue dysfunction. Moreover, the importance of the gut microbiota in the development and susceptibility to obesity has recently been highlighted. In recent years, new strategies based on the use of functional foods, in particular bioactive peptides, have been proposed to counteract obesity outcomes. In this context, the present study examines the effects of a lupin protein hydrolysate (LPH) on obesity, dyslipidemia and gut dysbiosis in mice fed a high-fat diet (HFD). After 12 weeks of LPH treatment, mice gained less weight and showed decreased adipose dysfunction compared to the HFD-fed group. HFD-induced dyslipidemia (increased triglycerides, cholesterol and LDL concentration) and insulin resistance were both counteracted by LPH consumption. Discriminant analysis differentially distributed LPH-treated mice compared to non-treated mice. HFD reduced gut ecological parameters, promoted the blooming of deleterious taxa and reduced the abundance of commensal members. Some of these changes were corrected in the LPH group. Finally, correlation analysis suggested that changes in this microbial population could be responsible for the improvement in obesity outcomes. In conclusion, this is the first study to show the effect of LPH on improving weight gain, adiposopathy and gut dysbiosis in the context of diet-induced obesity, pointing to the therapeutic potential of bioactive peptides in metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eduardo Ponce-España
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Ivan Cruz-Chamorro
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Guillermo Santos-Sánchez
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Ana Isabel Álvarez-López
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - José María Fernández-Santos
- Departamento de Citología e Histología Normal y Patológica, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Justo Pedroche
- Department of Food & Health, Instituto de la Grasa, CSIC, Ctra Utrera Km 1, Seville 41013, Spain
| | | | - Ignacio Bejarano
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Patricia Judith Lardone
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain
| | - Antonio Carrillo-Vico
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla, IBiS/Hospital Universitario Virgen del Rocío/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41013, Spain; Departamento de Bioquímica Médica y Biología Molecular e Inmunología, Facultad de Medicina, Universidad de Sevilla, Seville 41009, Spain.
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5
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Mu J, Lin Q, Liang Y. An update on the effects of food-derived active peptides on the intestinal microecology. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023; 63:11625-11639. [PMID: 35791779 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2022.2094889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
The intestinal microecology is a research hotspot, and neologisms related to the gut such as gut-brain axis, gut-lung axis, gut-bone axis, gut-skin axis, gut-renal axis, and gut-liver axis have emerged from recent research. Meticulous investigation has discovered that food-derived active peptides (FDAPs) are bioactive substances that optimize the structure of the gut microbiota to improve human health. However, few reviews have summarized and emphasized the nutritional value of FDAPs and their mechanisms of action in regulating the composition of the gut microbiota. We aim to provide an update on the latest research on FDAPs by comparing, summarizing, and discussing the potential food sources of FDAPs, their physiological functions, and regulatory effects on the intestinal microecology. The key findings are that few studies have analyzed the potential mechanisms and molecular pathways through which FDAPs maintain intestinal microecological homeostasis. We found that an imbalance in the ratio of Bacteroidetes and Firmicutes in the gut microbiota and abnormal production of short-chain fatty acids are key to the occurrence and development of various diseases. This review provides theoretical support for future comprehensive research on the digestion, distribution, metabolism, and excretion of FDAPs and the mechanisms underlying the interactions between FDAPs and the intestinal microecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianfei Mu
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and By-Product Deep Processing/College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Qinlu Lin
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and By-Product Deep Processing/College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
| | - Ying Liang
- Molecular Nutrition Branch, National Engineering Research Center of Rice and By-Product Deep Processing/College of Food Science and Engineering, Central South University of Forestry and Technology, Changsha, Hunan, China
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Chang R, Zhou Z, Dong Y, Xu Y, Ji Z, Liu S, Mao J. Sensory-Guided Isolation, Identification, and Active Site Calculation of Novel Umami Peptides from Ethanol Precipitation Fractions of Fermented Grain Wine (Huangjiu). Foods 2023; 12:3398. [PMID: 37761107 PMCID: PMC10527695 DOI: 10.3390/foods12183398] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2023] [Revised: 09/09/2023] [Accepted: 09/10/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Huangjiu is rich in low-molecular-weight peptides and has an umami taste. In order for its umami peptides to be discovered, huangjiu was subjected to ultrafiltration, ethanol precipitation, and macroporous resin purification processes. The target fractions were gathered according to sensory evaluation. Subsequently, we used peptidomics to identify the sum of 4158 peptides in most umami fractions. Finally, six novel umami peptides (DTYNPR, TYNPR, SYNPR, RFRQGD, NFHHGD, and FHHGD) and five umami-enhancing peptides (TYNPR, SYNPR, NFHHGD, FHHGD, and TVDGPSH) were filtered via virtual screening, molecular docking, and sensory verification. Moreover, the structure-activity relationship was discussed using computational approaches. Docking analysis showed that all umami peptides tend to bind with T1R1 through hydrogen bonds and hydrophobic forces, which involve key residues HIS71, ASP147, ARG151, TYR220, SER276, and ALA302. The active site calculation revealed that the positions of the key umami residues D and R in the terminal may cause taste differences in identified peptides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Chang
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
| | - Zhilei Zhou
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yong Dong
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
| | - Yuezheng Xu
- National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu, Shaoxing 312000, China
| | - Zhongwei Ji
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shuangping Liu
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing 312000, China
- Jiangsu Provincial Engineering Research Center for Bioactive Product Processing, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Jian Mao
- National Engineering Research Center of Cereal Fermentation and Food Biomanufacturing, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (R.C.)
- Jiangnan University (Shaoxing) Industrial Technology Research Institute, Shaoxing 312000, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Huangjiu, Shaoxing 312000, China
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Xiao Y, Zhang S, Ye Y, Chen J, Xu Y. Geniposide suppressed OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by regulating the NRF2/NF-κB signaling pathway. J Orthop Surg Res 2023; 18:641. [PMID: 37649066 PMCID: PMC10466864 DOI: 10.1186/s13018-023-04125-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 08/23/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoporosis (OP), due to microarchitectural alterations, is associated with decreased bone mass, declined strength, and increased fracture risk. Increased osteoblast apoptosis contributes to the progression of OP. Natural compounds from herbs provide a rich resource for drug screening. Our previous investigation showed that geniposide (GEN), an effective compound from Eucommia ulmoides, could protect against the pathological development of OP induced by cholesterol accumulation. METHODS The rat OP models were duplicated. Dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry, hematoxylin and eosin staining, and immunohistochemistry were used to evaluate bone changes. TUNEL/DAPI staining assays were used for cell apoptosis detection. Protein expression was determined by western blotting assays. RESULTS A high-fat diet promoted OP development in vivo, and OX-LDL stimulated osteoblast apoptosis in vitro. GEN exhibited protective activities against OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by increasing the NRF2 pathway and decreasing the NF-κB pathway. PDTC, an NF-κB inhibitor, could further promote the biological functions of GEN. In contrast, ML385, an NRF2 inhibitor, might eliminate GEN's protection. CONCLUSION GEN suppressed OX-LDL-induced osteoblast apoptosis by regulating the NRF2/NF-κB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaosheng Xiao
- Medical College of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215123, China
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Shanshan Zhang
- College of Pharmacy, Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Yongjun Ye
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Jincai Chen
- Department of Orthopedics, First Affiliated Hospital of Gannan Medical University, Ganzhou, 341000, China
| | - Youjia Xu
- Department of Orthopaedics, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Soochow University, Suzhou, 215004, China.
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8
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Duarte Villas Mishima M, Stampini Duarte Martino H, Silva Meneguelli T, Tako E. Effect of food derived bioactive peptides on gut health and inflammatory mediators in vivo: a systematic review. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2023:1-11. [PMID: 37574588 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2023.2245469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/15/2023]
Abstract
Dietary proteins serve as sources of exogenous peptides, after being released from the protein and absorbed, the bioactive peptides can perform several functions in the body. The objective of the current systematic review is to answer the question "How does food derived bioactive peptides can impact on gut health and inflammatory mediators in vivo?" The search was performed at PubMed, Cochrane, and Scopus databases for experimental studies, and the risk of bias was assessed by the SYRCLE tool. The data analysis was conducted following the PRISMA guidelines. Eleven studies performed in animal models evaluating bioactive peptides derived from animal and plant sources were included and evaluated for limitations in heterogeneity, methodologies, absence of information regarding the allocation process, and investigators' blinding. The bioactive peptides demonstrated potential positive effects on inflammation and gut health. The main results identified were a reduction in TNF-α, NF-κB, and TLR4, an improvement in IgA production and in intestinal morphology, with an increase in villi surface area and goblet cell diameter, and Shannon and Simpson indexes were also increased. However, more in vivo studies are still necessary to better elucidate the anti-inflammatory activity and mechanisms by which peptides regulate gut health. PROSPERO (CRD42023416680).
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Elad Tako
- Department of Food Science, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
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9
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Xin Y, Li X, Zhu X, Lin X, Luo M, Xiao Y, Ruan Y, Guo H. Stigmasterol Protects Against Steatohepatitis Induced by High-Fat and High-Cholesterol Diet in Mice by Enhancing the Alternative Bile Acid Synthesis Pathway. J Nutr 2023; 153:1903-1914. [PMID: 37269906 DOI: 10.1016/j.tjnut.2023.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 04/29/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Hepatic cholesterol accumulation is a significant risk factor in the progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) to steatohepatitis. However, the precise mechanism by which stigmasterol (STG) mitigates this process remains unclear. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to investigate the potential mechanism underlying the protective effect of STG in mice with NAFLD progressing to steatohepatitis while being fed a high-fat and high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet. METHODS Male C57BL/6 mice were fed an HFHC diet for 16 wk to establish the NAFLD model. Subsequently, the mice received STG or a vehicle via oral gavage while continuing the HFHC diet for an additional 10 wk. The study evaluated hepatic lipid deposition and inflammation as well as the expression of key rate-limiting enzymes involved in the bile acid (BA) synthesis pathways. BAs in the colonic contents were quantified using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry. RESULTS Compared with the vehicle control group, STG significantly reduced hepatic cholesterol accumulation (P < 0.01) and suppressed the gene expression of NLRP3 inflammasome and interleukin-18 (P < 0.05) in the livers of HFHC diet-fed mice. The total fecal BA content in the STG group was nearly double that of the vehicle control group. Additionally, the administration of STG increased the concentrations of representative hydrophilic BAs in the colonic contents (P < 0.05) along with the upregulation of gene and protein expression of CYP7B1 (P < 0.01). Furthermore, STG enhanced the α-diversity of the gut microbiota and partially reversed the alterations in the relative abundance of the gut microbiota induced by the HFHC diet. CONCLUSIONS STG mitigates steatohepatitis by enhancing the alternative pathway for BA synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Xin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xiang Li
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Xuan Zhu
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dongguan, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China
| | - Xiaozhuan Lin
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Mengliu Luo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China
| | - Yunjun Xiao
- The Seventh Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China
| | - Yongdui Ruan
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, the First Affiliated Hospital of Dongguan, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
| | - Honghui Guo
- Department of Nutrition, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang, China; Dongguan Key Laboratory of Environmental Medicine, School of Public Health, Guangdong Medical University, Dongguan, China.
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10
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Xia D, Tan X, Wang L, Li Z, Hou A, Zhu Y, Lai L, Wang Y. GC-MS Coupled with Rate-All-That-Apply (RATA) to Analyse the Volatile Flavor Substances of Yellow Wine during Fermentation. Foods 2023; 12:foods12101992. [PMID: 37238809 DOI: 10.3390/foods12101992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 04/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Yellow glutinous rice wine is a traditional Chinese beverage created by soaking, boiling, and fermenting glutinous rice. The majority of current studies on the flavor of yellow glutinous rice wine are based on instrumental analysis, with sensory analysis being overlooked. In this study, 36 volatile chemicals in the fermentation process of yellow wine were annotated by GC-MS and then an OPLS-DA model was built to screen out 13 distinctive substances (VIP > 1, p < 0.01). The relative odor activity value (ROAV) was calculated using the threshold values of these chemicals and 10 substances, including alcohols, esters, and aldehydes, were found as key contributors to the overall flavor of yellow wine. Following that, consumers quantified the sensory descriptors of yellow wine using rate-all-that-apply (RATA), and correspondence analysis revealed three groups of characteristic flavors and odors. Alcohols and esters were found to be key producers of flowery and fruity scents in yellow wine, according to correlation analysis. We discovered two alcohols that are rarely found in yellow wine: [R,R]-2,3-butanediol and 1-phenylethanol. The former was found to be favorably connected with wine scent and pungent odor, and its specific effect on flavor should be researched further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Xia
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Xu Tan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Li Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Zongjun Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Aixiang Hou
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yan Zhu
- Tianjin of Industrial Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 32 Xiqi Road, Tianjin 300308, China
| | - Ling Lai
- Hunan Province Key Laboratory of Food Science and Biotechnology, Changsha 410128, China
| | - Yuanliang Wang
- College of Food Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, 1 Nongda Road, Changsha 410128, China
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11
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Research progress in lipid metabolic regulation of bioactive peptides. FOOD PRODUCTION, PROCESSING AND NUTRITION 2023. [DOI: 10.1186/s43014-022-00123-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
AbstractHyperlipidemia poses a serious threat to human health and evaluating the ability of natural active substances to regulate disorders of lipid metabolism is the focus of food functionality research in recent years. Bioactive peptides are distinguished by their broad range of sources, high nutritional content, ease of absorption and use by the body, and ease of determining their sequences. Bioactive peptides have a wide range of potential applications in the area of medicines and food. The regulation of lipid metabolism disorder caused by bioactive peptides from different sources provides a reference for the development and research of bioactive peptides for lipid reduction.
Graphical Abstract
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The Ameliorative Effect and Mechanisms of Ruditapes philippinarum Bioactive Peptides on Obesity and Hyperlipidemia Induced by a High-Fat Diet in Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14235066. [PMID: 36501096 PMCID: PMC9737393 DOI: 10.3390/nu14235066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2022] [Revised: 11/25/2022] [Accepted: 11/25/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, bioactive peptides (RBPs) from Ruditapes philippinarum were prepared by fermentation with Bacillus natto and the effect and mechanisms of RBPs on obesity and hyperlipidemia were explored in mice. We found that RBPs significantly reduced body weight, adipose tissue weight, accumulation of hepatic lipids, and serum levels of total cholesterol (CHO), triglyceride (TG), and low-density lipoprotein (LDL). Mechanistic studies showed that RBPs up-regulated the hepatic expression of genes related to lipolysis, such as hormone-sensitive lipase (HSL), phosphorylated AMP-activated protein kinase (p-AMPK), and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors α (PPARα), and down-regulated the expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors γ (PPARγ) which is related to lipid synthesis. In addition, RBPs could attenuate obesity and hyperlipidemia by regulating disordered gut microbiota composition, such as increasing the abundance of microflora related to the synthesis of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs) (Bacteroidetes, Prevotellaceas_UCG_001, norank_f_Muribaculaceae, and Odoribacter) and controlling those related to intestinal inflammation (reduced abundance of Deferribacteres and increased abundance of Alistipes and ASF356) to exert anti-obesity and lipid-lowering activities. Our findings laid the foundation for the development and utilization of RBPs as a functional food to ameliorate obesity and hyperlipidemia.
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Dai Z, Li S, Meng Y, Zhao Q, Zhang Y, Suonan Z, Sun Y, Shen Q, Liao X, Xue Y. Capsaicin Ameliorates High-Fat Diet-Induced Atherosclerosis in ApoE−/− Mice via Remodeling Gut Microbiota. Nutrients 2022; 14:nu14204334. [PMID: 36297020 PMCID: PMC9611743 DOI: 10.3390/nu14204334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Revised: 10/12/2022] [Accepted: 10/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Capsaicin is a pungent alkaloid abundantly present in peppers with outstanding biological activities, including the anti-atherosclerosis effect. Previous studies revealed that gut microbiota played an important role in the beneficial effects of capsaicin, but whether it is essential for the anti-atherosclerosis effect of capsaicin is unclear. This study evaluated the anti-atherosclerosis effect of capsaicin in ApoE−/− mice and further explored the role of depleting gut microbiota in the improvement of atherosclerosis. The results showed that capsaicin administration could prevent the development of atherosclerosis and improve serum lipids and inflammation, while antibiotic intervention abolished the alleviation of atherosclerosis by capsaicin. In addition, capsaicin administration could significantly increase the abundance of Turicibacter, Odoribacter, and Ileibacterium in feces, and decrease the abundance of deoxycholic acid, cholic acid, hypoxanthine, and stercobilin in cecal content. Our study provides evidence that gut microbiota plays a critical role in the anti-atherosclerosis effect of capsaicin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zijian Dai
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Siqi Li
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yantong Meng
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qingyu Zhao
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yiyun Zhang
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Zhuoma Suonan
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yuge Sun
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Qun Shen
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Xiaojun Liao
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yong Xue
- National Engineering and Technology Research Center for Fruits and Vegetables, College of Food Science and Nutritional Engineering, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
- National Center of Technology Innovation (Deep Processing of Highland Barley) in Food Industry, China Agricultural University, No. 17 Qinghua East Road, Haidian District, Beijing 100083, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-010-62737524
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Luo Q, Shi R, Gong P, Liu Y, Chen W, Wang C. Biogenic amines in Huangjiu (Chinese rice wine): Formation, hazard, detection, and reduction. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2022.113952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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15
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Non-Alcoholic Components in Huangjiu as Potential Factors Regulating the Intestinal Barrier and Gut Microbiota in Mouse Model of Alcoholic Liver Injury. Foods 2022; 11:foods11111537. [PMID: 35681289 PMCID: PMC9180658 DOI: 10.3390/foods11111537] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Different alcoholic beverages and drinking patterns might exert divergent impacts on alcoholic liver disease (ALD) progression. Whether the abundant non-alcoholic components (NAC) in fermented wine could alleviate ethanol (EtOH)-induced adverse influences on the liver remains unknown. Hence, the chronic ALD mouse model was established to compare the effects of Huangjiu (a typical fermented wine) and EtOH feeding on the liver, intestinal barrier, gut microbiota, and intestinal short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) content. Although Huangjiu intake led to slight hepatic steatosis, it mitigated oxidative stress, inflammation, and intestinal damage relative to EtOH intake. In comparison with EtOH feeding, Huangjiu significantly improved the intestinal barrier integrity and reduced hepatic lipopolysaccharide levels by up-regulating the expression of intestinal tight junction proteins (ZO-1 and occludin) and antimicrobial activity peptides (Reg3β and Reg3γ). The administration of Huangjiu NAC partially restored alcohol-induced gut microbiota dysbiosis via recovering the abundance of Lactobacillus, Faecalibaculum, and Akkermansia. Moreover, mice receiving Huangjiu showed higher SCFAs levels (such as acetic acid and butyric acid) than those receiving EtOH. Huangjiu consumption resulted in lower hepatotoxicity than pure EtOH, at the same alcohol dose. The NAC in Huangjiu might attenuate the progression of ALD by regulating intestinal barrier function and microbiota-meditated gut ecology.
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Lin J, Yang Q, Guo J, Li M, Hao Z, He J, Li J. Gut Microbiome Alterations and Hepatic Metabolic Flexibility in the Gansu Zokor, Eospalax cansus: Adaptation to Hypoxic Niches. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:814076. [PMID: 35402538 PMCID: PMC8984292 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.814076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2021] [Accepted: 02/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The Gansu zokor (Eospalax cansus), a typical subterranean rodent endemic to the Chinese Loess Plateau, spends almost its whole life in its self-constructed underground burrows and has strong adaptability to ambient hypoxia. Energy adaptation is the key to supporting hypoxia tolerance, and recent studies have shown that the intestinal microbiota has an evident effect on energy metabolism. However, how the gut microbiome of Gansu zokor will change in response to hypoxia and the metabolic role played by the microbiome have not been reported. Thus, we exposed Gansu zokors to severe hypoxia of 6.5% of O2 (6 or 44 h) or moderate hypoxia of 10.5% of O2 (44 h or 4 weeks), and then analyzed 16S rRNA sequencing, metagenomic sequencing, metagenomic binning, liver carbohydrate metabolites, and the related molecular levels. Our results showed that the hypoxia altered the microbiota composition of Gansu zokor, and the relative contribution of Ileibacterium to carbohydrate metabolism became increased under hypoxia, such as glycolysis and fructose metabolism. Furthermore, Gansu zokor liver enhanced carbohydrate metabolism under the short-term (6 or 44 h) hypoxia but it was suppressed under the long-term (4 weeks) hypoxia. Interestingly, under all hypoxia conditions, Gansu zokor liver exhibited enhanced fructose-driven metabolism through increased expression of the GLUT5 fructose transporter, ketohexokinase (KHK), aldolase B (ALDOB), and aldolase C (ALDOC), as well as increased KHK enzymatic activity and fructose utilization. Overall, our results suggest that the altered gut microbiota mediates the carbohydrate metabolic pattern under hypoxia, possibly contributing to the hepatic metabolic flexibility in Gansu zokor, which leads to better adaptation to hypoxic environments.
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Zou X, Deng J, Wang Z, Zhang M, Sun Y, Li M. Gut microbiota plays a predominant role in affecting hypolipidemic effect of Deacetylated Konjac Glucomannan (Da-KGM). Int J Biol Macromol 2022; 208:858-868. [PMID: 35339502 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2022.03.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/15/2022] [Accepted: 03/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Abstract
The mechanism of Da-KGM showed poorer hypolipidemic effect, has not elucidated in previous study. Here, we performed hyperlipidemic hamsters administrated with 6% KGM (Konjac Glucomannan) and Da-KGM respectively to evaluate different underlying mechanisms. Poorer lipid-lowering effect was shown with Da-KGM treatment, and marked changes in relative abundance of Aldercreutzia and Parasutterella were not detected as KGM. Meanwhile, significant alteration of Ileibacterium was observed between KGM and Da-KGM group. Moreover, pathway of primary bile acids synthesis was enriched in cecal metabolites. KGM, not Da-KGM, remarkably increased concentration of Glycocholic acid (GCA) and Ursodeoxycholic acid (UDCA), which were negatively corrected with Ileibacterium. Marked increases in ileal Farnesoid X receptor (FXR) and hepatic Cholesterol 7α-hydroxylase (CYP7A1) were observed in KGM group, along with strong reduction of ileal Multi-drug resistance-associated protein2 (MRP2/ABCC2) and hepatic FXR expression, but not in Da-KGM group. There were no obvious changes in serum lipid level and bile acids, as well as gene expression after antibiotic treatment. Our results revealed that different hypolipidemic effects of KGM and Da-KGM might be associated with gut microbiota and bile acids metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoying Zou
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Jie Deng
- Shunde Vocational and Technical College, Foshan 528300, PR China
| | - Ziyi Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Min Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Yuanming Sun
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China
| | - Meiying Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Food Safety and Quality, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510642, PR China; College of Food Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, PR China.
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