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Yang S, Zhao H, Zhang H, Wang J, Jin H, Stirling K, Ge X, Ma L, Pu Z, Niu X, Yu D. Current status and continuing medical education need for general practitioners in Tibet, China: a cross-sectional study. BMC MEDICAL EDUCATION 2024; 24:265. [PMID: 38459539 PMCID: PMC10924353 DOI: 10.1186/s12909-024-05143-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 03/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Tibetan area is one of China's minority regions with a shortage of general practice personnel, which requires further training and staffing. This research helps to understand the current condition and demand for general practitioner (GP) training in Tibetan areas and to provide a reference for promoting GP education and training. METHODS We conducted a cross-sectional survey using stratified sampling targeting 854 GPs in seven cities within the Tibetan Autonomous Region, utilizing an online questionnaire. Achieving a high response rate of 95.1%, 812 GPs provided invaluable insights. Our meticulously developed self-designed questionnaire, available in both Chinese and Tibetan versions, aimed to capture a wide array of data encompassing basic demographics, clinical skills, and specific training needs of GPs in the Tibetan areas. Prior to deployment, the questionnaire underwent rigorous development and refinement processes, including expert consultation and pilot testing, to ensure its content validity and reliability. In our analysis, we employed descriptive statistics to present the characteristics and current training needs of GPs in the Tibetan areas. Additionally, chi-square tests were utilized to examine discrepancies in training needs across various demographic groups, such as age, job positions, and educational backgrounds of the participating GPs. RESULTS The study was completed by 812 (812/854, 95.1%) GPs, of whom 62.4% (507/812) were female. The top three training needs were hypertension (81.4%, 661/812), pregnancy management (80.7%, 655/812), and treatment of related patient conditions and events (80.5%, 654/812). Further research shows that the training required by GPs of different ages in "puncturing, catheterization, and indwelling gastric tube use" (64.6% vs. 54.8%, p = 9.5 × 10- 6) varies statistically. GPs in various positions have different training needs in "community-based chronic disease prevention and management" (76.6% vs. 63.9%, p = 0.009). The training needs of GPs with different educational backgrounds in "debridement, suturing, and fracture fixation" (65.6% vs. 73.2%, p = 0.027) were also statistically significant. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests the need for targeted continuing medical education activities and for updating training topics and content. Course developers must consider the needs of GPs, as well as the age, job positions, and educational backgrounds of GPs practicing in the Tibetan Plateau region. TRIAL REGISTRATION Not applicable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sen Yang
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
- Department of General Practice, Lazi County Health Service Center, Xigatse, Tibet, 858100, PR China
| | - Huaxin Zhao
- Department of Oncology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, PR China
| | - Hanzhi Zhang
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Junpeng Wang
- Medical Administration Affiliationision, Yangpu Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Hua Jin
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
- Shanghai General Practice and Community Health Development Research Center, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Kyle Stirling
- Crisis Technologies Innovation Lab, Luddy School of Informatics, Computing and Engineering, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, 47408, USA
| | - Xuhua Ge
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Le Ma
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China
| | - Zhen Pu
- Department of General Practice, Lazi County Health Service Center, Xigatse, Tibet, 858100, PR China
| | - Xiaomin Niu
- Department of Shanghai Lung Cancer Center, Shanghai Chest Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, 241 Huaihai West Road, Shanghai, 200030, PR China.
| | - Dehua Yu
- Department of General Practice, Research Center for General Practice, Yangpu Hospital, School of Medicine, Tongji University, 450 Tengyue Road, Yangpu District, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
- Shanghai General Practice and Community Health Development Research Center, Shanghai, 200090, PR China.
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Lang X, Zhong C, Su L, Qin M, Xie Y, Shan D, Cui Y, Shi M, Li M, Quan H, Qiu L, Zhong G, Yu J. Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn. Ethanolic Extract Attenuates Endothelial Activation and Alleviates Cardiac Ischemia-Reperfusion Injury. Molecules 2024; 29:1068. [PMID: 38474581 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29051068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2024] [Revised: 02/12/2024] [Accepted: 02/27/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Endothelial pro-inflammatory activation is pivotal in cardiac ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury pathophysiology. The dried flower bud of Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn. (EG) is a commonly utilized traditional Tibetan medicine. However, its role in regulating endothelium activation and cardiac I/R injury has not been investigated. Herein, we showed that the administration of EG ethanolic extract exhibited a potent therapeutic efficacy in ameliorating cardiac endothelial inflammation (p < 0.05) and thereby protecting against myocardial I/R injury in rats (p < 0.001). In line with the in vivo findings, the EG extract suppressed endothelial pro-inflammatory activation in vitro by downregulating the expression of pro-inflammatory mediators (p < 0.05) and diminishing monocytes' firm adhesion to endothelial cells (ECs) (p < 0.01). Mechanistically, we showed that EG extract inhibited the nuclear factor kappa-B (NF-κB), c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK), extracellular regulated protein kinase (ERK), and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling pathways to attenuate EC-mediated inflammation (p < 0.05). Collectively, for the first time, this study demonstrated the therapeutic potential of EG ethanolic extract in alleviating I/R-induced inflammation and the resulting cardiac injury through its inhibitory role in regulating endothelium activation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoya Lang
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Chao Zhong
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Lingqing Su
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Manman Qin
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Yanfei Xie
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Dan Shan
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Yaru Cui
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
| | - Min Shi
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Min Li
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Hexiu Quan
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Center for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Guoyue Zhong
- Center for Traditional Chinese Medicine Resources and Ethnic Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang 330004, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Center for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA 19140, USA
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Xu T, He P, namWangdu S, Xu C, Hou B, Ma P, Wang Z, Zhang L, Du G, Ring T, Ji T, Qiang G. Revealing the improvement of diabetes by Si Wei Jiang Huang Tang San through ERK/HIF1α signaling pathway via network pharmacology. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 319:117254. [PMID: 37778519 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2023.117254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2023] [Revised: 09/20/2023] [Accepted: 09/28/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Si Wei Jiang Huang Tang San (SWJHTS) is a traditional Tibetan medicine prescription for the treatment of urethritis, frequent urination, and urgency, composed of four traditional Chinese medicines: Curcumae longae rhizoma, Berberidis cortex, Tribuli fructus, and Phyllanthi fructus. However, whether SWJHTS exhibits hypoglycemic efficacy and its specific mechanism remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study, we aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of SWJHTS and elucidate the underlying mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS HPLC-MS method was used to identify the key components of four kinds of traditional Chinese medicine (Curcumae longae rhizoma, Berberidis cortex., Tribuli fructus, and Phyllanthi fructus) which composed SWJHTS and determine their structure. Normal mice and 145 mg/kg STZ-induced type 1 diabetic mice were treated with three doses of SWJTHS by oral gavage. Body weight, 24h food and water intake, fasting blood glucose, glucose tolerance and other indicators were measured to evaluate the hypoglycemic effect of SWJHTS. OMIM, Genecards and other databases were used to collect targets of diabetes, and HPLC-MS results and TCMSP database information were used to collect drug component targets. Bioinformatics methods such as pathway enrichment analysis and molecular docking were used to predict the key targets of SWJHTS. The gene and protein expressions of HIF1α and ERK signaling pathways in HepG2 cells treated with SWJHTS were detected by RT-PCR and Western blot. RESULTS A total of 181 components were identified, including curcumin, palmatine, and berberine, etc. The in vivo studies showed that SWJHTS could significantly lower fasting blood glucose levels and improve the symptoms of polydipsia, polyphagia, and polyuria in diabetic mice. Furthermore, we identified HIF1α as the potential key target of SWJHTS against diabetes utilizing network pharmacology approach and in silico molecular docking. Subsequently, we experimentally confirmed that SWJHTS could suppress the high glucose-induced upregulation of HIF1α expression, which mediated the glucose consumption in HepG2 cells. The ERK signaling pathway was further found to be activated by the SWJHTS as the upstream of HIF1α. CONCLUSIONS SWJHTS can improve glucose metabolism by targeting the ERK/HIF1α signaling pathway; hence might be a prospective anti-diabetic drug for diabetic patients as traditional Tibetan medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tianshu Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Ping He
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China; College of Public Health, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, 310053, China
| | - So namWangdu
- Hospital of Tibetan Traditional Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, China
| | - Chunyang Xu
- Beijing Obstetrics and Gynecology Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, 100026, China
| | - Biyu Hou
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Peng Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Zijing Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Li Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China; Inner Mongolia Clinical College, Inner Mongolia Medical University, Hohhot, 010110, China
| | - Guanhua Du
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China
| | - Tse Ring
- Hospital of Tibetan Traditional Medicine, Tibet Autonomous Region, 850000, China.
| | - Tengfei Ji
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China.
| | - Guifen Qiang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioactive Substance and Function of Natural Medicines, Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College and Beijing Key Laboratory of Drug Target and Screening Research, Beijing, 100050, China.
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Wang X, Xu J, Zhang LH, Yang W, Yu H, Zhang M, Wang Y, Wu HH. Global Profiling of the Antioxidant Constituents in Chebulae Fructus Based on an Integrative Strategy of UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS, MS/MS Molecular Networking, and Spectrum-Effect Correlation. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:2093. [PMID: 38136213 PMCID: PMC10741031 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12122093] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2023] [Revised: 12/04/2023] [Accepted: 12/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/24/2023] Open
Abstract
An integrative strategy of UHPLC/IM-QTOF-MS analysis, MS/MS molecular networking (MN), in-house library search, and a collision cross-section (CCS) simulation and comparison was developed for the rapid characterization of the chemical constituents in Chebulae Fructus (CF). A total of 122 Constituents were identified, and most were phenolcarboxylic and tannic compounds. Subsequently, 1,3,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, terflavin A, 1,2,6-tri-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, punicalagin B, chebulinic acid, chebulagic acid, 1,2,3,4,6-penta-O-galloyl-β-d-glucose, and chebulic acid, among the 23 common constituents of CF, were screened out by UPLC-PDA fingerprinting and multivariate statistical analyses (HCA, PCA, and OPLS-DA). Then, Pearson's correlation analysis and a grey relational analysis were performed for the spectrum-effect correlation between the UPLC fingerprints and the antioxidant capacity of CF, which was finally validated by an UPLC-DPPH• analysis for the main antioxidant constituents. Our study provides a global identification of CF constituents and contributes to the quality control and development of functional foods and preparations dedicated to CF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiangdong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Jian Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Li-Hua Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Wenzhi Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
| | - Huijuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Min Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Yuefei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
| | - Hong-Hua Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Component-Based Chinese Medicine, National Key Laboratory of Chinese Medicine Modernization, Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China; (X.W.); (J.X.); (L.-H.Z.); (W.Y.); (H.Y.)
- Haihe Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, 10 Poyanghu Road, West Area, Tuanbo New Town, Jinghai District, Tianjin 301617, China
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Song H, Ma H, Shi J, Liu Y, Kan C, Hou N, Han J, Sun X, Qiu H. Optimizing glycation control in diabetes: An integrated approach for inhibiting nonenzymatic glycation reactions of biological macromolecules. Int J Biol Macromol 2023:125148. [PMID: 37268079 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.125148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Diabetes is a multifactorial disorder that increases mortality and disability due to its complications. A key driver of these complications is nonenzymatic glycation, which generates advanced glycation end-products (AGEs) that impair tissue function. Therefore, effective nonenzymatic glycation prevention and control strategies are urgently needed. This review comprehensively describes the molecular mechanisms and pathological consequences of nonenzymatic glycation in diabetes and outlines various anti-glycation strategies, such as lowering plasma glucose, interfering with the glycation reaction, and degrading early and late glycation products. Diet, exercise, and hypoglycemic medications can reduce the onset of high glucose at the source. Glucose or amino acid analogs such as flavonoids, lysine and aminoguanidine competitively bind to proteins or glucose to block the initial nonenzymatic glycation reaction. In addition, deglycation enzymes such as amadoriase, fructosamine-3-kinase, parkinson's disease protein, glutamine amidotransferase-like class 1 domain-containing 3A and terminal FraB deglycase can eliminate existing nonenzymatic glycation products. These strategies involve nutritional, pharmacological, and enzymatic interventions that target different stages of nonenzymatic glycation. This review also emphasizes the therapeutic potential of anti-glycation drugs for preventing and treating diabetes complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongwei Song
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Hongyan Ma
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China
| | - Junfeng Shi
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Yongping Liu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Chengxia Kan
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Ningning Hou
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China
| | - Jing Han
- College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261053, Shandong, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
| | - Hongyan Qiu
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang 261031, Shandong, China; Clinical Research Center, Affiliated Hospital of Weifang Medical University, Weifang, China.
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Yan LS, Cui S, Cheng BCY, Yin XB, Wang YW, Qiu XY, Nima CR, Zhang Y, Zhang SF. Sichen Formula Ameliorates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Acute Lung Injury via Blocking the TLR4 Signaling Pathways. Drug Des Devel Ther 2023; 17:297-312. [PMID: 36756190 PMCID: PMC9901480 DOI: 10.2147/dddt.s372981] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose Sichen (SC) formula is a classic prescription of Tibetan medicine. Due to its potential anti-inflammatory effect, the SC formula has been clinically used to treat respiratory diseases for many years in the Chinese Tibet region. The present study aimed to investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of SC and explore the underlying mechanisms. Methods SC formula was characterized by HPLC analysis. The acute lung injury (ALI) mouse model was induced by direct intratracheal lipopolysaccharide (LPS) instillation, and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and lung tissues were collected. Meanwhile, RAW264.7 macrophages were stimulated by LPS. The contents of inflammatory mediators in the culture medium were determined by ELISA. Protein levels were determined by immunohistochemical staining or Western blotting. Nuclear localization of NF-κB, AP-1, and IRF3 was performed using immunofluorescence and Western blotting. Results In the LPS-induced ALI mouse model, SC treatment suppressed the secretion of inflammatory mediators (TNF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and RANTES) in BALF. SC treatment hindered the recruitment of macrophages. SC treatment also inhibited the expression of CD68, p-p65, and TLR4 in the lung tissue. In the LPS-exposed RAW264.7 cells, the cell viability was not changed up to 400 μg/mL of SC. SC concentration-dependently suppressed the production of nitric oxide, prostaglandin E2, TNF-α, IL-6, MCP-1, MIP-1α, and RANTES in LPS-challenged RAW264.7 cells. The expression levels of iNOS, COX-2, p-p38, p-JNK, p-ERK, p-TBK1, p-IKKα/β, p-IκB, p-p65, p-c-Jun, and p-IRF3 were decreased after SC treatment. Moreover, the nuclear translocation of p65, c-Jun, and IRF3 was also blocked by SC treatment. Conclusion SC treatment inhibited the inflammatory responses in LPS-induced ALI mouse model/RAW264.7 macrophages. The underlying mechanism of this action may be closely associated with the suppression of TLR4 signaling pathways. These research findings provide further pharmacological justifications for the medicinal use of SC in the management of respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li-Shan Yan
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuang Cui
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Brian Chi-Yan Cheng
- College of Professional and Continuing Education, Hong Kong Polytechnic University, Hong Kong, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xing-Bin Yin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi-Wei Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xin-Yu Qiu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ci-Ren Nima
- Tibetan Traditional Medical College, Lhasa, Tibet, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shuo-Feng Zhang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, People’s Republic of China,Correspondence: Shuo-Feng Zhang; Yi Zhang, School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, No. 11, Bei San Huan Dong Lu, Chaoyang District, Beijing, 100029, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-10-53912122, Email ;
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Tang L, Kuang C, Shan D, Shi M, Li J, Qiu L, Yu J. The ethanol extract of Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn attenuates macrophage foam cell formation and atherogenesis in ApoE -/- mice. Front Cardiovasc Med 2022; 9:1023438. [PMID: 36505350 PMCID: PMC9729707 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2022.1023438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease is the leading cause of death worldwide. The Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn is a Tibetan medicine commonly used to prepare herbal tea to alleviate the local people's metabolic diseases. However, the anti-atherosclerotic effect of ethanol extract of the flower of E. gardneri (Wall.) Meisn (EEEG) and its underlying mechanism remain unknown. Methods EEEG was used to treat low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL)-induced macrophages to detect macrophage foaminess, cholesterol binding and uptake, and lipid transport-related gene expression. eEEG treated ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks to detect atherosclerotic plaque area, macrophage infiltration, and liver and small intestine lipid transport-related gene expression. Results EEEG inhibited macrophage-derived foam cell formation induced by oxidized low-density lipoprotein (ox-LDL) by reducing CD36-mediated lipoprotein uptake. EEEG significantly alleviated atherosclerosis in ApoE-/- mice fed a high-fat diet for 16 weeks. EEEG treatment significantly decreased atherosclerotic plaque area, macrophage infiltration, and increased collagen content. Moreover, EEEG treatment significantly downregulated mRNA expression of hepatic Srb1 and intestinal Npc1l1 and increased expression of hepatic Cyp7a1. Conclusion Our study highlighted that EEEG played a role in attenuating atherosclerotic plaque formation by reducing macrophage foam cell formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Tang
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Cuifang Kuang
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Dan Shan
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States
| | - Min Shi
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiangsheng Li
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China
| | - Liang Qiu
- Centre for Translational Medicine, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Treatment of Vascular Remodeling Diseases, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, China,*Correspondence: Liang Qiu
| | - Jun Yu
- Department of Cardiovascular Sciences and Centre for Metabolic Disease Research, Lewis Katz School of Medicine, Temple University, Philadelphia, PA, United States,Jun Yu
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