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Jiang Y, Liu Q, Wang C, Zhao Y, Jin C, Sun M, Ge S. The interplay between cytokines and stroke: a bi-directional Mendelian randomization study. Sci Rep 2024; 14:17657. [PMID: 39085243 PMCID: PMC11291972 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-024-67615-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 07/12/2024] [Indexed: 08/02/2024] Open
Abstract
Stroke, the second leading cause of death and disability, causes massive cell death in the brain followed by secondary inflammatory injury initiated by disease associated molecular patterns released from dead cells. Nonetheless, the evidence regarding the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and stroke subtypes is obscure. To leverage large scale genetic association data to investigate the interplay between circulating cytokines and stroke, we adopted a two-sample bi-directional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis. Firstly, we performed a forward MR analysis to examine the associations of genetically determined 31 cytokines with 6 stroke subtypes. Secondly, we conducted a reverse MR analysis to check the associations of 6 stroke subtypes with 31 cytokines. In the forward MR analysis, genetic evidence suggests that 21 cytokines were significantly associated with certain stroke subtype risk with |β| ranging from 1.90 × 10-4 to 0.74. In the reverse MR analysis, our results found that five stroke subtypes (intracerebral hemorrhage (ICH), large artery atherosclerosis ischemic stroke (LAAS), lacunar stroke (LS), cardioembolic ischemic stroke (CEI), small-vessel ischemic stroke (SV)) caused significantly changes in 16 cytokines with |β| ranging from 1.08 × 10-4 to 0.69. In particular, those five stroke subtypes were statistically significantly associated with C-reactive protein (CRP). In addition, ICH, LAAS, LS and SV were significantly correlated with vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), while LAAS, LS, CEI and SV were significantly related to fibroblast growth factor (FGF). Moreover, integrated bi-directional MR analysis, these factors (IL-3Rα, IL-6R, IL-6Rα, IL-1Ra, insulin-like growth factor-1(IGF-1), IL-12Rβ2) can be used as predictors of some specific stroke subtypes. As well as, IL-16 and C-C motif chemokine receptor 7 (CCR7) can be used as prognostic factors of stroke. Our findings prognostic identify potential pharmacological opportunities, including perturbation of circulating cytokines for both predicting stroke risk and post stroke treatment effects. As we conducted a comprehensive search and analysis of stroke subtype and cytokines in the existing publicly available GWAS database, the results have good population-generalizability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Jiang
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Qingying Liu
- Department of Pain Management, The First Affiliated Hospital, Zhengzhou University, Henan, China
| | - Chunyang Wang
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yumei Zhao
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Chen Jin
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Ming Sun
- Department of Neuropharmacology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Siqi Ge
- Department of Neuroepidemiology, Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Capital Medical University, No. 119 South Fourth Ring West Road, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Hu X, Xie S, Yi X, Ouyang Y, Zhao W, Yang Z, Zhang Z, Wang L, Huang X, Peng M, Yu F. Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization of Causal Relationship between Inflammatory Cytokines and Different Pathological Types of Lung Cancer. J Cancer 2024; 15:4969-4984. [PMID: 39132165 PMCID: PMC11310887 DOI: 10.7150/jca.98301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 07/07/2024] [Indexed: 08/13/2024] Open
Abstract
Prior research has proposed a potential association between lung cancer and inflammatory cytokines, yet the specific causal relationship remains unclear, especially across various lung cancer pathologies. This study utilized bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) to explore these causal connections, unveiling novel insights. Our research revealed distinctive inflammatory cytokine profiles for each subtype of lung cancer and identified potential biomarkers that could refine diagnostic and therapeutic approaches. We applied two-sample Mendelian randomization, leveraging genetic variance data from three extensive genome-wide association studies (GWAS) focusing on different lung cancer types (lung adenocarcinoma: 1590 cases and 314,193 controls of healthy individuals of European descent; lung squamous cell carcinoma: 1510 cases and 314,193 controls of European ancestry; small cell lung cancer: 717 cases and 314,193 controls of European ancestry). A separate GWAS summary on inflammatory cytokines from 8,293 healthy participants was also included. The inverse variance weighting method was utilized to examine causal relationships, with robustness confirmed through multiple sensitivity analyses, including MR-Egger, weighted median, and MR-PRESSO. Our analysis revealed that elevated levels of IL_1RA were associated with an increased risk of lung adenocarcinoma (OR: 1.29, 95% CI: 1.02-1.64, p = 0.031), while higher MCP_1_MCAF levels correlated with a decreased risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma (OR: 0.77, 95% CI: 0.61-0.98, p = 0.031). Furthermore, IL_10, IL_13, and TRAIL levels were positively associated with lung squamous cell carcinoma risk (IL_10: OR: 1.27, 95% CI: 1.06-1.53, p = 0.012; IL_13: OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.53, p = 0.036; TRAIL: OR: 1.15, 95% CI: 1.06-1.53, p = 0.043). No association was found between inflammatory cytokine levels and small cell lung cancer development, whereas SDF_1A and B-NGF were linked to an increased risk of this cancer type (SDF_1A: OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.05-1.21, p = 0.001; B-NGF: OR: 1.13, 95% CI: 1.01-1.27, p = 0.029). No significant relationship was observed between the 41 circulating inflammatory cytokines and lung adenocarcinoma or squamous cell carcinoma development. Our findings indicate distinct associations between specific inflammatory cytokines and different types of lung cancer. Elevated IL_1RA levels are a risk marker for lung adenocarcinoma, whereas higher MCP_1_MCAF levels appear protective against lung squamous cell carcinoma. Conversely, elevated levels of IL_10, IL_13, and TRAIL are linked with an increased risk of lung squamous cell carcinoma. The relationships of SDF_1A and B-NGF with small-cell lung cancer highlight the complexity of inflammatory markers in cancer development. This study provides a nuanced understanding of the role of inflammatory cytokines in lung cancer, underscoring their potential in refining diagnosis and treatment strategies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Muyun Peng
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
| | - Fenglei Yu
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Second Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410000, China
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Lu J, Wang X, Xu F, Rao C, Guo Y, Su Z, Chen S, Li Q. Exploring causal correlations of inflammatory biomarkers in idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus: insights from bidirectional Mendelian randomization analysis. Front Aging Neurosci 2024; 16:1412434. [PMID: 38974901 PMCID: PMC11224557 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2024.1412434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Background and objective Neuroinflammatory processes have been identified as playing a crucial role in the pathophysiology of various neurodegenerative diseases, including idiopathic normal-pressure hydrocephalus (iNPH). iNPH, defined as a common disease of cognitive impairment in older adults, poses major challenges for therapeutic interventions owing to the stringent methodological requirements of relevant studies, clinical heterogeneity, unclear etiology, and uncertain diagnostic criteria. This study aims to assess the relationship between circulating inflammatory biomarkers and iNPH risk using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR) combined with meta-analysis. Methods In our bidirectional MR study, genetic data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) involving 1,456 iNPH cases and 409,726 controls of European ancestry were employed. Single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) associated with exposures served as instrumental variables for estimating the causal relationships between iNPH and 132 types of circulating inflammatory biomarkers from corresponding GWAS data. Causal associations were primarily examined using the inverse variance-weighted method, supplemented by MR-Egger, weighted median, simple mode, and weighted mode analyses. In the results, heterogeneity was assessed using the Cochran Q test. Horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated through the MR-Egger intercept test and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outliers test. Sensitivity analysis was conducted through leave-one-out analysis. Reverse MR analyses were performed to mitigate bias from reverse causality. Meta-analyses of identical inflammatory biomarkers from both data sources strengthened the findings. Results Results indicated a genetically predicted association between Interleukin-16 (IL-16) [OR: 1.228, 95% CI: 1.049-1.439, p = 0.011], TNF-related apoptosis ligand (TRAIL) [OR: 1.111, 95% CI: 1.019-1.210, p = 0.017] and Urokinase-type plasminogen activator (uPA) [OR: 1.303, 95% CI: 1.025-1.658, p = 0.031] and the risk of iNPH. Additionally, changes in human Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (hGDNF) [OR: 1.044, 95% CI: 1.006-1.084, p = 0.023], Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) [OR: 1.058, 95% CI: 1.020, 1.098, p = 0.003] and Interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70) [OR: 0.897, 95% CI: 0.946-0.997, p = 0.037] levels were identified as possible consequences of iNPH. Conclusion Our MR study of inflammatory biomarkers and iNPH, indicated that IL-16, TRAIL, and uPA contribute to iNPH pathogenesis. Furthermore, iNPH may influence the expression of hGDNF, MMP-1, and IL-12p70. Therefore, targeting specific inflammatory biomarkers could be promising strategy for future iNPH treatment and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jianglong Lu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Xianpeng Wang
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Fanjie Xu
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Changjun Rao
- Beijing Neurosurgical Institute, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Yuhang Guo
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Zhipeng Su
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Siyan Chen
- Department of Neurology, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
| | - Qun Li
- Department of Neurosurgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, China
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Liu H, Liu Z, Huang Y, Ding Q, Lai Z, Cai X, Huang S, Yin L, Zheng X, Huang Y, Chen J. Exploring causal association between circulating inflammatory cytokines and functional outcomes following ischemic stroke: A bidirectional Mendelian randomization study. Eur J Neurol 2024; 31:e16123. [PMID: 37961927 PMCID: PMC11235604 DOI: 10.1111/ene.16123] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 10/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/13/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Previous observational studies have indicated correlations between various inflammatory cytokines and functional outcomes following ischemic stroke (IS); however, the causality remains unclear. We aimed to further evaluate the causal association between 41 circulating inflammatory cytokines and functional outcomes following IS. METHODS Two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis was used in this study. The genetic variation of 41 circulating inflammatory cytokines were derived from genome-wide association study (GWAS) data of European ancestry (n = 8293). The corresponding genetic association of functional outcomes following IS were derived from European ancestry GWAS data (n = 6021). RESULTS Inverse variance weighted (IVW) analysis showed that genetically predicted increased levels of regulation and activation in normal T-cell expression and secretion factor (RANTES/CCL5) and eosinophilic chemotactic factor (EOTAXIN/CCL11) were positively correlated with the increased adverse functional outcomes (modified Rankin Scale [mRS≥3] following IS (OR: 1.40, 95% CI: 1.002-1.96, p = 0.049; OR: 1.33, 95% CI: 1.15-1.54, p = 0.0001). Interleukin 18 (IL-18) level might be the downstream consequence of adverse functional outcomes following IS (β: -0.09, p = 0.039). Other inflammatory cytokines and functional outcomes following IS did not appear to be causally related. CONCLUSIONS This study suggests a causality between inflammation and adverse functional outcomes following IS. RANTES (CCL5) and EOTAXIN (CCL11) may be the upstream factors of adverse functional outcomes following IS, while IL-18 may be the downstream effect of adverse functional outcomes following IS. Whether these cytokines can be used to predict or improve adverse functional outcomes after IS requires further researches.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huacong Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Zhaoxing Liu
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
- The Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Yumeng Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
- The Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Qian Ding
- The Third Affiliated HospitalSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Zhenyi Lai
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaowen Cai
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Shengtao Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Lianjun Yin
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThird Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Xiaoyan Zheng
- School of Rehabilitation SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Yong Huang
- School of Traditional Chinese MedicineSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
| | - Junqi Chen
- Department of Rehabilitation MedicineThird Affiliated Hospital of Southern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
- School of Rehabilitation SciencesSouthern Medical UniversityGuangzhouGuangdong ProvinceChina
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Wu K, Sun Q, Liu D, Lu J, Wen D, Zang X, Gao L. Genetically predicted circulating levels of cytokines and the risk of oral cavity and pharyngeal cancer: a bidirectional mendelian-randomization study. Front Genet 2024; 14:1321484. [PMID: 38274108 PMCID: PMC10808506 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2023.1321484] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/26/2023] [Indexed: 01/27/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Epidemiological research has established associations between various inflammatory cytokines and the occurrence of oral cancer and oropharyngeal cancer (OCPC). We performed a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to systematically investigate the causal relationship between inflammatory cytokines and OCPC. Methods: We performed a bidirectional two-sample MR analysis using OCPC from 12 studies (6,034 cases and 6,585 controls) and genome-wide association study (GWAS) results for 41 serum cytokines from 8,293 Finns, respectively. Inverse variance weighting was used as the primary MR method and four additional MR methods (MR Egger, Weighted median, Simple mode, Weighted mode) were used to examine genetic associations between inflammatory traits and OCPC, and Cochran's Q test, MR-Egger intercept, leave-one-out analysis, funnel plot, and multivariate MR (MVMR) analysis were used to assess the MR results. Results: The results suggested a potential association between high gene expression of Macrophage inflammatory protein-1α (MIP1α/CCL3) and an increased risk of OCPC (Odds Ratio (OR): 1.71, 95% Confidence Interval (CI): 1.09-2.68, p = 0.019). Increasing the expression levels of the interleukin-7 (IL-7) gene by 1 standard deviation reduced the risk of OCPC (OR: 0.64, 95%CI: 0.48-0.86, p = 0.003). In addition, multivariate Mendelian randomization analysis also showed the same results (MIP1α/CCL3, OR: 1.002, 95% CI: 0.919-1.092, p = 0.044; IL-7, OR: 0.997, 95% CI: 0.994-0.999, p = 0.011). Conversely, there was a positive correlation between genetic susceptibility to OCPC and an increase in Interleukin-4 (IL-4) (OR: 1.04, 95%CI: 1.00-1.08, p = 0.027). Conclusion: Our study systematically assessed the association between inflammatory cytokines and the risk of OCPC. We identified two upstream regulatory factors (IL-7 and CCL3) and one downstream effector factor (IL-4) that were associated with OCPC, offering potential avenues for the development of novel treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kehan Wu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qianhui Sun
- Department of Cardiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Dongxu Liu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Jiayi Lu
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Deyu Wen
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Xiyan Zang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Li Gao
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, Harbin, Heilongjiang, China
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Fang P, Liu X, Qiu Y, Wang Y, Wang D, Zhao J, Ding H, Bao N. Exploring causal correlations between inflammatory cytokines and ankylosing spondylitis: a bidirectional mendelian-randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1285106. [PMID: 38054001 PMCID: PMC10694192 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1285106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Accepted: 10/31/2023] [Indexed: 12/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The impact of inflammatory factors on the development of Ankylosing Spondylitis (AS) is widely recognized, but the exact causal relationship remains unclear. Methods The bidirectional mendelian-randomization study utilized genetic data from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 186 AS cases and 456,162 controls of European ancestry. Inflammatory cytokines were obtained from a GWAS summary of 8,293 healthy participants. Causal associations were primarily investigated using the inverse variance-weighted method, supplemented by MR Egger, weighted median and weighted mode analyses. Heterogeneity in the results was assessed using the Cochrane Q test. Horizontal pleiotropy was evaluated through the MR-Egger intercept test and the MR pleiotropy residual sum and outliers (MR-PRESSO) test. Sensitivity analysis was conducted through leave-one-out analysis. Results The results suggest a genetically predicted potential association between beta-nerve growth factor (βNGF), Interleukin-1-beta (IL-1β), and TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL) with the risk of AS (OR: 2.17, 95% CI: 1.13-4.16; OR: 0.41, 95% CI: 0.18-0.95,; OR: 1.47, 95% CI: 1.02-2.13).Additionally, Interleukin-12p70 (IL-12p70), Interleukin-17 (IL-17), Interleukin-6 (IL-6), Interleukin-4 (IL-4), Stromal-cell-derived factor 1 alpha (SDF-1α), Macrophage inflammatory protein 1β (MIP1β), Monocyte chemoattractant protein-3 (MCP-3), Platelet-derived growth factor bb (PDGFbb), Granulocyte-colony stimulating factor (GCSF), Fibroblast growth factor basic (bFGF), TNF-related apoptosis inducing ligand (TRAIL), and Interferon-gamma (IFN -γ) are suggested as consequences of AS in genetically prediction.No evidence of horizontal pleiotropy or heterogeneity between the genetic variants was found (P>0.05), and a leave-one-out test confirmed the stability and robustness of this association. Conclusion These findings suggest that βNGF, IL-1β, and TRAIL may play a crucial role in the pathogenesis of AS. Additionally, AS may impact the expression of cytokines such as IL-12p70, IL-17, IL-6, IL-4, SDF-1α, MIP1β, MCP-3, PDGFbb,GCSF, bFGF,TRAIL,and IFN-γ. Further investigations are warranted to determine whether these biomarkers can be utilized for the prevention or treatment of AS.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Hao Ding
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
| | - Nirong Bao
- Department of Orthopedics, Jinling Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Medical School, Nanjing University, Nanjing, China
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Yang YH, Li SS, Wang YC, Yu LL, Zhu HH, Wu JH, Yu WK, An L, Yuan WX, Ji Y, Xu YM, Gao Y, Li YS. Correlation between neutrophil gelatinase phase lipocalin and cerebral small vessel disease. Front Neurol 2023; 14:1177479. [PMID: 37521280 PMCID: PMC10375489 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2023.1177479] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 06/16/2023] [Indexed: 08/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Cerebral small vessel disease (CSVD) is common in the elderly population. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is closely related to cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. NGAL causes pathological changes, such as damage to the vascular endothelium, by causing inflammation, which results in other related diseases. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether serum NGAL levels could predict disease severity in patients with CSVD. Methods The patients with CSVD who visited the Department of Neurology at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between January 2018 and June 2022 were prospectively included. The total CSVD burden score was calculated using whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), and the patients were divided into a mild group (total CSVD burden score < 2 points) and a severe group (total CSVD burden score ≥ 2 points). Age, sex, height, smoking and alcohol consumption history, medical history, and serological results of patients were collected to perform the univariate analysis. Multivariate logistic regression was used to analyze the risk factors that affect CSVD severity. The multiple linear regression method was used to analyze which individual CSVD markers (periventricular white matter hyperintensities, deep white matter hyperintensities, lacune, and cerebral microbleed) play a role in the association between total CSVD burden score and NGAL. Results A total of 427 patients with CSVD (140 in the mild group and 287 in the severe group) were included in the study. A multivariate logistic regression analysis showed that the following factors were significantly associated with CSVD severity: male sex [odds ratio(OR), 1.912; 95% confidence interval (CI), 1.150-3.179], age (OR, 1.046; 95% CI, 1.022-1.070), history of cerebrovascular disease (OR, 3.050; 95% CI, 1.764-5.274), serum NGAL level (OR, 1.005; 95% CI, 1.002-1.008), and diabetes (OR, 2.593; 95% CI, 1.424-4.722). A multivariate linear regression shows that periventricular white matter hyperintensities and cerebral microbleed are associated with serum NGAL concentrations (P < 0.05). Conclusion Serum NGAL level is closely related to CSVD severity and is a risk factor for the burden of CSVD brain damage. Serum NGAL has high specificity in reflecting the severity of CSVD.
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Wang Y, Yang L, Liu J. Causal Associations between Functional/Structural Connectivity and Stroke: A Bidirectional Mendelian Randomization Study. Biomedicines 2023; 11:1575. [PMID: 37371670 DOI: 10.3390/biomedicines11061575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2023] [Revised: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Disruption of brain resting-state networks (RSNs) is known to be related to stroke exposure, but determining causality can be difficult in epidemiological studies. We used data on genetic variants associated with the levels of functional (FC) and structural connectivity (SC) within 7 RSNs identified from a genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analysis among 24,336 European ancestries. The data for stroke and its subtypes were obtained from the MEGASTROKE consortium, including up to 520,000 participants. We conducted a two-sample bidirectional Mendelian randomization (MR) study to investigate the causality relationship between FC and SC within 7 RSNs and stroke and its subtypes. The results showed that lower global mean FC and limbic network FC were associated with a higher risk of any ischemic stroke and small vessel stroke separately. Moreover, ventral attention network FC and default mode network SC have a positive causal relationship with the risk of small vessel stroke and large artery stroke, respectively. In the inverse MR analysis, any stroke and large artery stroke were causally related to dorsal attention network FC and somatomotor FC, respectively. The present study provides genetic support that levels of FC or SC within different RSNs have contrasting causal effects on stroke and its subtypes. Moreover, there is a combination of injury and compensatory physiological processes in brain RSNs following a stroke. Further studies are necessary to validate our results and explain the physiological mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yisong Wang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Longtao Yang
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Department of Radiology, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha 410011, China
- Clinical Research Center for Medical Imaging in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, China
- Department of Radiology Quality Control Center in Hunan Province, Changsha 410011, China
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Wei T, Zhu Z, Liu L, Liu B, Wu M, Zhang W, Cui Q, Liu F, Zhang R. Circulating levels of cytokines and risk of cardiovascular disease: a Mendelian randomization study. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1175421. [PMID: 37304261 PMCID: PMC10247976 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1175421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 05/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Epidemiological studies have linked various circulating cytokines to cardiovascular disease (CVD), which however remains uncertain whether these relationships represent causality or are due to bias. To address this question, we conducted a Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis to systematically investigate the causal effects of circulating cytokine levels on CVD development. Methods This study leveraged the summary statistic from respective genome-wide association study (GWAS) of 47 cytokines and four types of CVD. The cis-quantitative trait locus (cis-QTL) definition, derived from a GWAS meta-analysis comprising 31,112 participants of European descent, served as instruments for cytokines. A two-sample MR design was employed, followed by comprehensive sensitivity analyses to validate the robustness of results. Results The results of inverse-variance weighted method using cis-protein QTL (cis-pQTL) instruments, showed the causal effects of four cytokines (i.e., IL-1ra, MCSF, SeSelectin, SCF) on the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). We also identified causal relationships between two cytokines (i.e., IL-2ra, IP-10) and heart failure (HF), as well as two cytokines (i.e., MCP-3, SeSelectin) and atrial fibrillation (AF), after controlling for false discovery rate (FDR). The use of cis-expression QTL (cis-eQTL) revealed additional causal associations between IL-1a, MIF and CAD, between IL-6, MIF, and HF, as well as between FGFBasic and AF. No significant sign was survived for stroke with FDR applied. Results were largely consistent across sensitivity analyses. Conclusion The present study provides supportive evidence that genetic predisposition to levels of certain cytokines causally affects the development of specific type of CVD. These findings have important implications for the creation of novel therapeutic strategies targeting these cytokines as a means of preventing and treating CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Wei
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Zhanfang Zhu
- Department of General Internal Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Lin Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Bo Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shaanxi Provincial Key Laboratory of Infection and Immune Diseases, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Qianwei Cui
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Fuqiang Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
| | - Ronghuai Zhang
- Department of Cardiology, Shaanxi Provincial People’s Hospital, Xi’an, China
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Zhou Y, Jiang H, Wei H, Liu L, Zhou C, Ji X. Venous stroke–a stroke subtype that should not be ignored. Front Neurol 2022; 13:1019671. [PMID: 36277910 PMCID: PMC9582250 DOI: 10.3389/fneur.2022.1019671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 09/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Based on the etiology, stroke can be classified into ischemic or hemorrhagic subtypes, which ranks second among the leading causes of death. Stroke is caused not only by arterial thrombosis but also by cerebral venous thrombosis. Arterial stroke is currently the main subtype of stroke, and research on this type has gradually improved. Venous thrombosis, the particular type, accounts for 0.5–1% of all strokes. Due to the lack of a full understanding of venous thrombosis, as well as its diverse clinical manifestations and neuroimaging features, there are often delays in admission for it, and it is easy to misdiagnose. The purpose of this study was to review the pathophysiology mechanisms and clinical features of arterial and venous thrombosis and to provide guidance for further research on the pathophysiological mechanism, clinical diagnosis, and treatment of venous thrombosis. This review summarizes the pathophysiological mechanisms, etiology, epidemiology, symptomatology, diagnosis, and treatment heterogeneity of venous thrombosis and compares it with arterial stroke. The aim is to provide a reference for a comprehensive understanding of venous thrombosis and a scientific understanding of various pathophysiological mechanisms and clinical features related to venous thrombosis, which will contribute to understanding the pathogenesis of intravenous stroke and provide insight into diagnosis, treatment, and prevention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yifan Zhou
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Jiang
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Huimin Wei
- School of Engineering Medicine, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beihang University, Beijing, China
| | - Lu Liu
- Department of Neurology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Chen Zhou
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Chen Zhou
| | - Xunming Ji
- Laboratory of Brain Disorders, Ministry of Science and Technology, Collaborative Innovation Center for Brain Disorders, Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Big Data-Based Precision Medicine, Beijing Institute of Brain Disorders, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- Department of Neurosurgery, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xunming Ji
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