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Ma W, Jiang X, Jia R, Li Y. Mechanisms of ferroptosis and targeted therapeutic approaches in urological malignancies. Cell Death Discov 2024; 10:432. [PMID: 39384767 PMCID: PMC11464522 DOI: 10.1038/s41420-024-02195-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2024] [Revised: 09/24/2024] [Accepted: 09/26/2024] [Indexed: 10/11/2024] Open
Abstract
The prevalence of urological malignancies remains a significant global health concern, particularly given the challenging prognosis for patients in advanced disease stages. Consequently, there is a pressing need to explore the molecular mechanisms that regulate the development of urological malignancies to discover novel breakthroughs in diagnosis and treatment. Ferroptosis, characterized by iron-ion-dependent lipid peroxidation, is a form of programmed cell death (PCD) distinct from apoptosis, autophagy, and necrosis. Notably, lipid, iron, and glutathione metabolism intricately regulate intracellular ferroptosis, playing essential roles in the progression of various neoplasms and drug resistance. In recent years, ferroptosis has been found to be closely related to urological malignancies. This paper provides an overview of the involvement of ferroptosis in the pathogenesis and progression of urological malignancies, elucidates the molecular mechanisms governing its regulation, and synthesizes recent breakthroughs in diagnosing and treating these malignancies. We aim to provide a new direction for the clinical treatment of urological malignancies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenjie Ma
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaotian Jiang
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruipeng Jia
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
| | - Yang Li
- Department of Urology, Nanjing First Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, Jiangsu, People's Republic of China.
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Liu K, Chen H, Li Y, Wang B, Li Q, Zhang L, Liu X, Wang C, Ertas YN, Shi H. Autophagy flux in bladder cancer: Cell death crosstalk, drug and nanotherapeutics. Cancer Lett 2024; 591:216867. [PMID: 38593919 DOI: 10.1016/j.canlet.2024.216867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2024] [Revised: 03/20/2024] [Accepted: 04/03/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
Autophagy, a self-digestion mechanism, has emerged as a promising target in the realm of cancer therapy, particularly in bladder cancer (BCa), a urological malignancy characterized by dysregulated biological processes contributing to its progression. This highly conserved catabolic mechanism exhibits aberrant activation in pathological events, prominently featured in human cancers. The nuanced role of autophagy in cancer has been unveiled as a double-edged sword, capable of functioning as both a pro-survival and pro-death mechanism in a context-dependent manner. In BCa, dysregulation of autophagy intertwines with cell death mechanisms, wherein pro-survival autophagy impedes apoptosis and ferroptosis, while pro-death autophagy diminishes tumor cell survival. The impact of autophagy on BCa progression is multifaceted, influencing metastasis rates and engaging with the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) mechanism. Pharmacological modulation of autophagy emerges as a viable strategy to impede BCa progression and augment cell death. Notably, the introduction of nanoparticles for targeted autophagy regulation holds promise as an innovative approach in BCa suppression. This review underscores the intricate interplay of autophagy with cell death pathways and its therapeutic implications in the nuanced landscape of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuan Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Huijing Chen
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Yanhong Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Bei Wang
- Department of Gynecology, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Qian Li
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Lu Zhang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China
| | - Xiaohui Liu
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Ce Wang
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, 38039, Turkey; UNAM-National Nanotechnology Research Center, Bilkent University, Ankara, 06800, Turkey.
| | - Hongyun Shi
- Department of Radiotherapy, Affiliated Hospital of Hebei University, Baoding, Hebei, 071000, PR China.
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Zhou X, Xue F, Li T, Xue J, Yue S, Zhao S, Lu H, He C. Exploration of potential biomarkers for early bladder cancer based on urine proteomics. Front Oncol 2024; 14:1309842. [PMID: 38410113 PMCID: PMC10894981 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2024.1309842] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2024] [Indexed: 02/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Bladder cancer is a common malignant tumor of the urinary system. The progression of the condition is associated with a poor prognosis, so it is necessary to identify new biomarkers to improve the diagnostic rate of bladder cancer. Methods In this study, 338 urine samples (144 bladder cancer, 123 healthy control, 32 cystitis, and 39 upper urinary tract cancer samples) were collected, among which 238 samples (discovery group) were analyzed by LC-MS. The urinary proteome characteristics of each group were compared with those of bladder cancer, and the differential proteins were defined by bioinformatics analysis. The pathways and functional enrichments were annotated. The selected proteins with the highest AUC score were used to construct a diagnostic panel. One hundred samples (validation group) were used to test the effect of the panel by ELISA. Results Compared with the healthy control, cystitis and upper urinary tract cancer samples, the number of differential proteins in the bladder cancer samples was 325, 158 and 473, respectively. The differentially expressed proteins were mainly related to lipid metabolism and iron metabolism and were involved in the proliferation, metabolism and necrosis of bladder cancer cells. The AUC of the panel of APOL1 and ITIH3 was 0.96 in the discovery group. ELISA detection showed an AUC of 0.92 in the validation group. Conclusion This study showed that urinary proteins can reflect the pathophysiological changes in bladder cancer and that important molecules can be used as biomarkers for bladder cancer screening. These findings will benefit the application of the urine proteome in clinical research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xu Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Fei Xue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Tingmiao Li
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Jiangshan Xue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Siqi Yue
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Shujie Zhao
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Changchun Infectious Diseases Hospital, Changchun, China
| | - Hezhen Lu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
| | - Chengyan He
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, China-Japan Union Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, China
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An WX, Gupta R, Zhai K, Wang YR, Xu WH, Cui Y. Current and Potential Roles of Ferroptosis in Bladder Cancer. Curr Med Sci 2024; 44:51-63. [PMID: 38057536 DOI: 10.1007/s11596-023-2814-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2023] [Accepted: 10/22/2023] [Indexed: 12/08/2023]
Abstract
Ferroptosis, a type of regulated cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is mainly initiated by extramitochondrial lipid peroxidation due to the accumulation of iron-dependent reactive oxygen species. Ferroptosis is a prevalent and primitive form of cell death. Numerous cellular metabolic processes regulate ferroptosis, including redox homeostasis, iron regulation, mitochondrial activity, amino acid metabolism, lipid metabolism, and various disease-related signaling pathways. Ferroptosis plays a pivotal role in cancer therapy, particularly in the eradication of aggressive malignancies resistant to conventional treatments. Multiple studies have explored the connection between ferroptosis and bladder cancer, focusing on its incidence and treatment outcomes. Several biomolecules and tumor-associated signaling pathways, such as p53, heat shock protein 1, nuclear receptor coactivator 4, RAS-RAF-MEK, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase-AKT-mammalian target of rapamycin, and the Hippo-tafazzin signaling system, exert a moderating influence on ferroptosis in bladder cancer. Ferroptosis inducers, including erastin, artemisinin, conjugated polymer nanoparticles, and quinazolinyl-arylurea derivatives, hold promise for enhancing the effectiveness of conventional anticancer medications in bladder cancer treatment. Combining conventional therapeutic drugs and treatment methods related to ferroptosis offers a promising approach for the treatment of bladder cancer. In this review, we analyze the research on ferroptosis to augment the efficacy of bladder cancer treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Xin An
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Radheshyam Gupta
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Kun Zhai
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Ya-Ru Wang
- Department of Internal Medical Oncology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China
| | - Wan-Hai Xu
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
| | - Yan Cui
- Department of Urology, Harbin Medical University Cancer Hospital, Harbin, 150081, China.
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Liu Y, Qi P, Chen G, Lang Z, Wang J, Wang X. Nanoreactor based on single-atom nanoenzymes promotes ferroptosis for cancer immunotherapy. BIOMATERIALS ADVANCES 2024; 157:213758. [PMID: 38199000 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioadv.2024.213758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2023] [Revised: 12/29/2023] [Accepted: 01/01/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Immunotherapy is a promising mainstream approach in anti-tumor therapy. It boasts advantages such as durable responses and lower side effects. However, there are still some limitations to be addressed. Current cancer immunotherapy has shown low response rates due to inadequate immunogenicity of certain tumor cells. To address these challenges, an acid-specific nanoreactor was developed, designed to induce immunogenicity by triggering ferroptosis in tumor cells. The nanoreactor integrates glucose oxidase (GOx) with a single-atom nanoenzyme (SAE), which exhibits high peroxidase (POD)-like activity in the acidic tumor microenvironment (TME). This specific acid-sensitivity transforms endogenous hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) into cytotoxic hydroxyl radicals (•OH). GOx enhances the POD-like SAE activity in the nanoreactor by metabolizing glucose in tumor cells, producing gluconic acid and H2O2. This nanoreactor induces high levels of oxidative stress within tumor cells through the synergistic action of SAE and GOx, leading to depletion of GSH and subsequently triggering ferroptosis. The resulting nanoreactor-induced ferroptosis leads to immunogenic cell death (ICD) and significantly recruits T lymphocyte infiltration in tumor tissues. This study was designed with the concept of triggering ferroptosis-dependent ICD mechanism in bladder cancer cells, and developed an acid-specific nanoreactor to enhance the immunotherapy efficacy for bladder cancer, which introduces a novel approach for immunotherapy of bladder cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Liu
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Pengyuan Qi
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China; Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Precision Radiation Oncology, Wuhan 430022, China; Institute of Radiation Oncology, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430022, China
| | - Gaojie Chen
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China
| | - Zhiquan Lang
- Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430022, China
| | - Jike Wang
- The Institute for Advanced Studies, Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430072, China.
| | - Xinghuan Wang
- Department of Urology, Zhongnan Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, Hubei 430071, China; Hubei Key Laboratory of Urological Diseases, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Medical Research Institute, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China; Taikang Center for Life and Medical Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430071, China.
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Wu P, Zhao L, Kong G, Song B. Study on the Role and Mechanism of SLC3A2 in Tumor-Associated Macrophage Polarization and Bladder Cancer Cells Growth. Technol Cancer Res Treat 2024; 23:15330338241246649. [PMID: 38656249 PMCID: PMC11044785 DOI: 10.1177/15330338241246649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
Background: Solute carrier family 3 member 2 (SLC3A2) is highly expressed in various types of cancers, including bladder cancer (BLCA). However, the role and mechanism of SLC3A2 in the onset and progression of BLCA are still unclear. Methods: The interfering plasmid for SLC3A2 was constructed and transfected into BLCA cells. Cell proliferation, invasion, and migration abilities were assessed to evaluate the impact of SLC3A2 silencing on BLCA cell growth. M1 and M2 macrophage polarization markers were detected to evaluate macrophage polarization. The levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation, and Fe2+, as well as the expression of ferroptosis-related proteins, were measured to assess the occurrence of ferroptosis. Ferroptosis inhibitors were used to verify the mechanism. Results: The experimental results showed that SLC3A2 was highly expressed in BLCA cell lines. The proliferation, invasion, and migration of BLCA cells were reduced after interfering with SLC3A2. Interference with SLC3A2 led to increase the expression of M1 macrophage markers and decreased the expression of M2 macrophage markers in M0 macrophages co-cultured with tumor cells. Additionally, interference with SLC3A2 led to increased levels of ROS, lipid peroxidation, and Fe2+, downregulated the expression of solute carrier family 7 member11 (SLC7A11) and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4), while upregulated the expression of acyl-coA synthetase long chain family member 4 (ACSL4) and transferrin receptor 1 (TFR1) in BLCA cells. However, the impact of SLC3A2 interference on cell proliferation and macrophage polarization was impeded by ferroptosis inhibitors. Conclusion: Interference with SLC3A2 inhibited the growth of BLCA cells and the polarization of tumor-associated macrophages by promoting ferroptosis in BLCA cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peishan Wu
- Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lingna Zhao
- Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangqi Kong
- Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Bo Song
- Department of Urology, Beijing Luhe Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
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Shi JF, Liu Y, Wang Y, Gao R, Wang Y, Liu J. Targeting ferroptosis, a novel programmed cell death, for the potential of alcohol-related liver disease therapy. Front Pharmacol 2023; 14:1194343. [PMID: 37214434 PMCID: PMC10196366 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2023.1194343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2023] [Accepted: 04/27/2023] [Indexed: 05/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Ferroptosis is a new iron-dependent cell death mode, which is different from the other types of programmed cell death, such as apoptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Ferroptosis is characterized by a process in which fatal lipids from lipid peroxidation accumulate in cells and eventually lead to cell death. Alcohol-related liver disease (ALD) is a type of liver injury caused by excessive alcohol intake. Alcohol-related liver disease is a broad-spectrum disease category, which includes fatty liver, steatohepatitis, hepatitis, cirrhosis, and hepatocellular tumors. Recent studies have found that ferroptosis is involved in the pathological development of non-viral liver diseases. Therefore, ferroptosis may be an ideal target for the treatment of non-viral liver diseases. In this review article, we will elaborate the molecular mechanism and regulatory mechanism of ferroptosis, explore the key role of ferroptosis in the Alcohol-related liver disease process, and summarize the existing targeted ferroptosis drugs and their feasibility for the treatment of Alcohol-related liver disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing-Fen Shi
- Institute for Health Policy and Hospital Management, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
- Wenjiang District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yu’e Liu
- Tongji University Cancer Center, Shanghai Tenth People’s Hospital of Tongji University, School of Medicine, Tongji University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Wenjiang District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Ru Gao
- Wenjiang District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
| | - Yi Wang
- Department of Critical Care Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
| | - Jun Liu
- Wenjiang District People’s Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, China
- Department of Ultrasound Medicine, Sichuan Academy of Medical Science and Sichuan Provincial People’s Hospital, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, China
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