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Marín-Hernández Á, Saavedra E. Metabolic control analysis as a strategy to identify therapeutic targets, the case of cancer glycolysis. Biosystems 2023; 231:104986. [PMID: 37506818 DOI: 10.1016/j.biosystems.2023.104986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2023] [Revised: 07/23/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
The use of kinetic modeling and metabolic control analysis (MCA) to identify possible therapeutic targets and to investigate the controlling and regulatory mechanisms in cancer glycolysis is here reviewed. The glycolytic pathway has been considered a target to decrease cancer cell growth; however, its occurrence in normal cells makes it difficult to design therapeutic strategies that target this pathway in pathological cells. Notwithstanding, the over-expression of all enzymes and transporters, as well as the expression of isoenzymes with different kinetic and regulatory properties in cancer cells, suggested a different distribution of the control of glycolytic flux than that observed in normal cells. Kinetic models of glycolysis are constructed with enzyme kinetics experimental data, validated with the steady-state metabolite concentrations and glycolytic fluxes; applying MCA, permitted us to identify the steps with the highest control of glycolysis in cancer cells, but low control in normal cells. The cancer glycolysis main controlling steps under several metabolic conditions were: glucose transport, hexokinase and hexose-6-phosphate isomerase (HPI); whereas in normal cells were: the first two and phosphofructokinase-1. HPI is the best therapeutic target because it exerts high control in cancer glycolytic flux, but not in normal cells. Furthermore, kinetic modeling also contributed to identifying new feed-back and feed-forward regulatory loops in cancer cells glycolysis, and to understanding the mode of metabolic action of glycolytic inhibitors. Thus, MCA and metabolic modeling allowed to propose new strategies for inhibiting glycolysis in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Álvaro Marín-Hernández
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico.
| | - Emma Saavedra
- Departamento de Bioquímica, Instituto Nacional de Cardiología Ignacio Chávez, Mexico City, 14080, Mexico
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2
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Torres-Quesada O, Doerrier C, Strich S, Gnaiger E, Stefan E. Physiological Cell Culture Media Tune Mitochondrial Bioenergetics and Drug Sensitivity in Cancer Cell Models. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:cancers14163917. [PMID: 36010911 PMCID: PMC9405899 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14163917] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Simple Summary Cell biologists trust in standard media for analyzing cellular functions and for the specification of target-oriented drug efficacies in cell culture settings. Here, we present a general applicable workflow for the constant monitoring of bioenergetic states of cells grown in 2D cell models to accompany tailored drug discovery efforts. Using in-depth high-resolution respirometry analyses (HRR) of mitochondrial function, we unveiled that the human-plasma-like media (HPLM) altered cellular energetic states. In a systematic HRR setup for drug profiling experiments, we revealed an unexpected side effect of an FDA-approved cancer drug on mitochondrial function, exclusively in HPLM. Thus, we believe that both the recordings of bioenergetic states and the use of more physiological media would improve and reshape cell-based drug discovery ventures. Abstract Two-dimensional cell cultures are established models in research for studying and perturbing cell-type specific functions. However, many limitations apply to the cell growth in a monolayer using standard cell culture media. Although they have been used for decades, their formulations do not mimic the composition of the human cell environment. In this study, we analyzed the impact of a newly formulated human plasma-like media (HPLM) on cell proliferation, mitochondrial bioenergetics, and alterations of drug efficacies using three distinct cancer cell lines. Using high-resolution respirometry, we observed that cells grown in HPLM displayed significantly altered mitochondrial bioenergetic profiles, particularly related to mitochondrial density and mild uncoupling of respiration. Furthermore, in contrast to standard media, the growth of cells in HPLM unveiled mitochondrial dysfunction upon exposure to the FDA-approved kinase inhibitor sunitinib. This seemingly context-dependent side effect of this drug highlights that the selection of the cell culture medium influences the assessment of cancer drug sensitivities. Thus, we suggest to prioritize media with a more physiological composition for analyzing bioenergetic profiles and to take it into account for assigning drug efficacies in the cell culture model of choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Omar Torres-Quesada
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (O.T.-Q.); (E.S.)
| | | | - Sophie Strich
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Erich Gnaiger
- Oroboros Instruments, Schoepfstrasse 18, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Eduard Stefan
- Tyrolean Cancer Research Institute (TKFI), Innrain 66, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Institute of Biochemistry and Center for Molecular Biosciences, University of Innsbruck, Innrain 80/82, 6020 Innsbruck, Austria
- Correspondence: (O.T.-Q.); (E.S.)
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3
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Bedi M, Ray M, Ghosh A. Active mitochondrial respiration in cancer: a target for the drug. Mol Cell Biochem 2022; 477:345-361. [PMID: 34716860 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-021-04281-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2021] [Accepted: 10/21/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The relative contribution of mitochondrial respiration and subsequent energy production in malignant cells has remained controversial to date. Enhanced aerobic glycolysis and impaired mitochondrial respiration have gained more attention in the metabolic study of cancer. In contrast to the popular concept, mitochondria of cancer cells oxidize a diverse array of metabolic fuels to generate a majority of the cellular energy by respiration. Several mitochondrial respiratory chain (MRC) subunits' expressions are critical for the growth, metastasis, and cancer cell invasion. Also, the assembly factors, which regulate the integration of individual MRC complexes into native super-complexes, are upregulated in cancer. Moreover, a series of anti-cancer drugs function by inhibiting respiration and ATP production. In this review, we have specified the roles of mitochondrial fuels, MRC subunits, and super-complex assembly factors that promote active respiration across different cancer types and discussed the potential roles of MRC inhibitor drugs in controlling cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minakshi Bedi
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India
| | - Manju Ray
- Department of Biophysics, Bose Institute, P 1/12, CIT Scheme VII M, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700054, India
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Applied Science & Humanities GLA University Mathura, 17km Stone, NH-2, Mathura-Delhi Road, Mathura, UP, 281 406, India
| | - Alok Ghosh
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Calcutta, 35 Ballygunge Circular Road, Kolkata, West Bengal, 700019, India.
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4
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Nesci S, Trombetti F, Pagliarani A, Ventrella V, Algieri C, Tioli G, Lenaz G. Molecular and Supramolecular Structure of the Mitochondrial Oxidative Phosphorylation System: Implications for Pathology. Life (Basel) 2021; 11:242. [PMID: 33804034 PMCID: PMC7999509 DOI: 10.3390/life11030242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2021] [Revised: 03/09/2021] [Accepted: 03/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Under aerobic conditions, mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) converts the energy released by nutrient oxidation into ATP, the currency of living organisms. The whole biochemical machinery is hosted by the inner mitochondrial membrane (mtIM) where the protonmotive force built by respiratory complexes, dynamically assembled as super-complexes, allows the F1FO-ATP synthase to make ATP from ADP + Pi. Recently mitochondria emerged not only as cell powerhouses, but also as signaling hubs by way of reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. However, when ROS removal systems and/or OXPHOS constituents are defective, the physiological ROS generation can cause ROS imbalance and oxidative stress, which in turn damages cell components. Moreover, the morphology of mitochondria rules cell fate and the formation of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the mtIM, which, most likely with the F1FO-ATP synthase contribution, permeabilizes mitochondria and leads to cell death. As the multiple mitochondrial functions are mutually interconnected, changes in protein composition by mutations or in supercomplex assembly and/or in membrane structures often generate a dysfunctional cascade and lead to life-incompatible diseases or severe syndromes. The known structural/functional changes in mitochondrial proteins and structures, which impact mitochondrial bioenergetics because of an impaired or defective energy transduction system, here reviewed, constitute the main biochemical damage in a variety of genetic and age-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Nesci
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Fabiana Trombetti
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Alessandra Pagliarani
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Vittoria Ventrella
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Cristina Algieri
- Department of Veterinary Medical Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40064 Ozzano Emilia, Italy; (F.T.); (V.V.); (C.A.)
| | - Gaia Tioli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Giorgio Lenaz
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, Alma Mater Studiorum University of Bologna, 40138 Bologna, Italy;
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5
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Rebane-Klemm E, Truu L, Reinsalu L, Puurand M, Shevchuk I, Chekulayev V, Timohhina N, Tepp K, Bogovskaja J, Afanasjev V, Suurmaa K, Valvere V, Kaambre T. Mitochondrial Respiration in KRAS and BRAF Mutated Colorectal Tumors and Polyps. Cancers (Basel) 2020; 12:cancers12040815. [PMID: 32231083 PMCID: PMC7226330 DOI: 10.3390/cancers12040815] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to characterize the ATP-synthesis by oxidative phosphorylation in colorectal cancer (CRC) and premalignant colon polyps in relation to molecular biomarkers KRAS and BRAF. This prospective study included 48 patients. Resected colorectal polyps and postoperative CRC tissue with adjacent normal tissue (control) were collected. Patients with polyps and CRC were divided into three molecular groups: KRAS mutated, BRAF mutated and KRAS/BRAF wild-type. Mitochondrial respiration in permeabilized tissue samples was observed using high resolution respirometry. ADP-activated respiration rate (Vmax) and an apparent affinity of mitochondria to ADP, which is related to mitochondrial outer membrane (MOM) permeability, were determined. Clear differences were present between molecular groups. KRAS mutated CRC group had lower Vmax values compared to wild-type; however, the Vmax value was higher than in the control group, while MOM permeability did not change. This suggests that KRAS mutation status might be involved in acquiring oxidative phenotype. KRAS mutated polyps had higher Vmax values and elevated MOM permeability as compared to the control. BRAF mutated CRC and polyps had reduced respiration and altered MOM permeability, indicating a glycolytic phenotype. To conclude, prognostic biomarkers KRAS and BRAF are likely related to the metabolic phenotype in CRC and polyps. Assessment of the tumor mitochondrial ATP synthesis could be a potential component of patient risk stratification.
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Affiliation(s)
- Egle Rebane-Klemm
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Correspondence:
| | - Laura Truu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Leenu Reinsalu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
- Department of Chemistry and Biotechnology, School of Science, Tallinn University of Technology, Ehitajate tee 5, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Natalja Timohhina
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
| | - Jelena Bogovskaja
- Clinic of Diagnostics at the North Estonia Medical Centre, J. Sütiste tee 19, 13419 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Vladimir Afanasjev
- Clinic of Surgery at the North Estonia Medical Centre, J. Sütiste tee 19, 13419 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Külliki Suurmaa
- Department of Gastroenterology, the West Tallinn Central Hospital, Paldiski mnt 68, 10617 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Vahur Valvere
- Oncology and Haematology Clinic at the North Estonia Medical Centre, J. Sütiste tee 19, 13419 Tallinn, Estonia;
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; (L.T.); (L.R.); (M.P.); (I.S.); (V.C.); (N.T.); (K.T.); (T.K.)
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6
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Puurand M, Tepp K, Timohhina N, Aid J, Shevchuk I, Chekulayev V, Kaambre T. Tubulin βII and βIII Isoforms as the Regulators of VDAC Channel Permeability in Health and Disease. Cells 2019; 8:cells8030239. [PMID: 30871176 PMCID: PMC6468622 DOI: 10.3390/cells8030239] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2019] [Revised: 03/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
In recent decades, there have been several models describing the relationships between the cytoskeleton and the bioenergetic function of the cell. The main player in these models is the voltage-dependent anion channel (VDAC), located in the mitochondrial outer membrane. Most metabolites including respiratory substrates, ADP, and Pi enter mitochondria only through VDAC. At the same time, high-energy phosphates are channeled out and directed to cellular energy transfer networks. Regulation of these energy fluxes is controlled by β-tubulin, bound to VDAC. It is also thought that β-tubulin‒VDAC interaction modulates cellular energy metabolism in cancer, e.g., switching from oxidative phosphorylation to glycolysis. In this review we focus on the described roles of unpolymerized αβ-tubulin heterodimers in regulating VDAC permeability for adenine nucleotides and cellular bioenergetics. We introduce the Mitochondrial Interactosome model and the function of the βII-tubulin subunit in this model in muscle cells and brain synaptosomes, and also consider the role of βIII-tubulin in cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Natalja Timohhina
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Jekaterina Aid
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
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Mishra M, Jayal P, Karande AA, Chandra N. Identification of a co-target for enhancing efficacy of sorafenib in HCC through a quantitative modeling approach. FEBS J 2018; 285:3977-3992. [PMID: 30136368 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2018] [Revised: 06/07/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Sorafenib (SFB), a multi-kinase inhibitor, is the only approved drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). However, SFB shows low efficacy in many cases. HCC related mortality therefore remains to be high worldwide. SFB, a multi-kinase inhibitor is also known to modulate the redox homeostasis in cancer cells. To understand the effect of SFB on the redox status, a quantitative understanding of the system is necessary. Kinetic modeling of the relevant pathways is a useful approach for obtaining a quantitative understanding of the pathway dynamics and to rank the individual factors based on the extent of influence they wield on the pathway. Here, we report a comprehensive model of the glutathione reaction network (GSHnet ), consisting of four modules and includes SFB-induced redox stress. We compared GSHnet simulations for HCC of six different etiologies with healthy liver, and correctly identified the expected variations in cancer. Next, we studied alterations induced in the system upon SFB treatment and observed differential H2 O2 dynamics in all the conditions. Using metabolic control analysis, we identified glutathione S-transferase (GST) as the enzyme with the highest selective control coefficient, making it an attractive co-target for potentiating the action of SFB across all six etiologies. As a proof-of-concept, we selected ethacrynic acid (EA), a known inhibitor of GST, and verified ex vivo that EA synergistically potentiates the cytotoxic effect of SFB. Being an FDA approved drug, EA is a promising candidate for repurposing as a combination therapy with SFB for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Madhulika Mishra
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Priyanka Jayal
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anjali A Karande
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
| | - Nagasuma Chandra
- Department of Biochemistry, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India.,Centre for Biosystems Science and Engineering, Indian Institute of Science, Bengaluru, India
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8
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Ounpuu L, Truu L, Shevchuk I, Chekulayev V, Klepinin A, Koit A, Tepp K, Puurand M, Rebane-Klemm E, Käämbre T. Comparative analysis of the bioenergetics of human adenocarcinoma Caco-2 cell line and postoperative tissue samples from colorectal cancer patients. Biochem Cell Biol 2018; 96:1-10. [PMID: 30058357 DOI: 10.1139/bcb-2018-0076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this work was to explore the key bioenergetic properties for mitochondrial respiration in the widely-used Caco-2 cell line and in human colorectal cancer (HCC) postoperational tissue samples. Oxygraphy and metabolic control analysis (MCA) were applied to estimate the function of oxidative phosphorylation in cultured Caco-2 cells and HCC tissue samples. The mitochondria of Caco-2 cells and HCC tissues displayed larger functional activity of respiratory complex (C)II compared with CI, whereas in normal colon tissue an inverse pattern in the ratio of CI to CII activity was observed. MCA showed that the respiration in Caco-2 and HCC tissue cells is regulated by different parts of electron transport chain. In HCC tissues, this control is performed essentially at the level of respiratory chain complexes I-IV, whereas in Caco-2 cells at the level of CIV (cytochrome c oxidase) and the ATP synthasome. The differences we found in the regulation of respiratory chain activity and glycose index could represent an adaptive response to distinct growth conditions; this highlights the importance of proper validation of results obtained from in-vitro models before their extrapolation to the more complex in-vivo systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lyudmila Ounpuu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Laura Truu
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Aleksandr Klepinin
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andre Koit
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Egle Rebane-Klemm
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tuuli Käämbre
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
- Laboratory of Chemical Biology, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
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9
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Mitochondrial Respiration in Human Colorectal and Breast Cancer Clinical Material Is Regulated Differently. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:1372640. [PMID: 28781720 PMCID: PMC5525093 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1372640] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2017] [Accepted: 04/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We conducted quantitative cellular respiration analysis on samples taken from human breast cancer (HBC) and human colorectal cancer (HCC) patients. Respiratory capacity is not lost as a result of tumor formation and even though, functionally, complex I in HCC was found to be suppressed, it was not evident on the protein level. Additionally, metabolic control analysis was used to quantify the role of components of mitochondrial interactosome. The main rate-controlling steps in HBC are complex IV and adenine nucleotide transporter, but in HCC, complexes I and III. Our kinetic measurements confirmed previous studies that respiratory chain complexes I and III in HBC and HCC can be assembled into supercomplexes with a possible partial addition from the complex IV pool. Therefore, the kinetic method can be a useful addition in studying supercomplexes in cell lines or human samples. In addition, when results from culture cells were compared to those from clinical samples, clear differences were present, but we also detected two different types of mitochondria within clinical HBC samples, possibly linked to two-compartment metabolism. Taken together, our data show that mitochondrial respiration and regulation of mitochondrial membrane permeability have substantial differences between these two cancer types when compared to each other to their adjacent healthy tissue or to respective cell cultures.
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10
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Garcia-Heredia JM, Carnero A. Decoding Warburg's hypothesis: tumor-related mutations in the mitochondrial respiratory chain. Oncotarget 2016; 6:41582-99. [PMID: 26462158 PMCID: PMC4747175 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.6057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/23/2015] [Indexed: 01/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Otto Warburg observed that cancer cells derived their energy from aerobic glycolysis by converting glucose to lactate. This mechanism is in opposition to the higher energy requirements of cancer cells because oxidative phosphorylation (OxPhos) produces more ATP from glucose. Warburg hypothesized that this phenomenon occurs due to the malfunction of mitochondria in cancer cells. The rediscovery of Warburg's hypothesis coincided with the discovery of mitochondrial tumor suppressor genes that may conform to Warburg's hypothesis along with the demonstrated negative impact of HIF-1 on PDH activity and the activation of HIF-1 by oncogenic signals such as activated AKT. This work summarizes the alterations in mitochondrial respiratory chain proteins that have been identified and their involvement in cancer. Also discussed is the fact that most of the mitochondrial mutations have been found in homoplasmy, indicating a positive selection during tumor evolution, thereby supporting their causal role.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jose M Garcia-Heredia
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain.,Departamento de Bioquímica Vegetal y Biología Molecular, Facultad de Biología, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Amancio Carnero
- Instituto de Biomedicina de Sevilla (IBIS), HUVR/CSIC/Universidad de Sevilla, Sevilla, Spain
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11
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Complex I function in mitochondrial supercomplexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2016; 1857:991-1000. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.01.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2015] [Revised: 01/20/2016] [Accepted: 01/22/2016] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
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Chekulayev V, Mado K, Shevchuk I, Koit A, Kaldma A, Klepinin A, Timohhina N, Tepp K, Kandashvili M, Ounpuu L, Heck K, Truu L, Planken A, Valvere V, Kaambre T. Metabolic remodeling in human colorectal cancer and surrounding tissues: alterations in regulation of mitochondrial respiration and metabolic fluxes. Biochem Biophys Rep 2015; 4:111-125. [PMID: 29124194 PMCID: PMC5668899 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrep.2015.08.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 07/02/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the work was to evaluate whether or not there is glycolytic reprogramming in the neighboring cells of colorectal cancer (CRC). Using postoperative material we have compared the functional capacity of oxidative phosphorylation (OXPHOS) in CRC cells, their glycolytic activity and their inclination to aerobic glycolysis, with those of the surrounding and healthy colon tissue cells. Experiments showed that human CRC cannot be considered a hypoxic tumor, since the malignancy itself and cells surrounding it exhibited even higher rates of OXPHOS than healthy large intestine. The absence of acute hypoxia in colorectal carcinomas was also confirmed by their practically equal glucose-phosphorylating capacity as compared with surrounding non-tumorous tissue and by upregulation of VEGF family and their ligands. Studies indicated that human CRC cells in vivo exert a strong distant effect on the energy metabolism of neighboring cells, so that they acquire the bioenergetic parameters specific to the tumor itself. The growth of colorectal carcinomas was associated with potent downregulation of the creatine kinase system. As compared with healthy colon tissue, the tumor surrounding cells display upregulation of OXPHOS and have high values of basal and ADP activated respiration rates. Strong differences between the normal and CRC cells in the affinity of their mitochondria for ADP were revealed; the corresponding Km values were measured as 93.6±7.7 µM for CRC cells and 84.9±9.9 µM for nearby tissue; both these apparent Km (ADP) values were considerably (by almost 3 times) lower in comparison with healthy colon tissue cells (256±34 µM). Human colorectal cancer is not a pure hypoxic tumor of the Warburg phenotype. The total hexokinase activity of CRC cells is close to that in nearby tissues. In the tumor there is overexpression of VEGFs (A, B, and C) and their receptors. CRC has higher rates of OXPHOS as compared with healthy tissue cells. Tumor-surrounding cells cannot fuel via a lactate shunt the growth of CRC cells.
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Key Words
- AK, adenylate kinase
- ANT, adenine nucleotide translocator
- AP5A, diadenosine pentaphosphate
- ATP-synthasome
- BB-CK, – brain type creatine kinase
- BSA, bovine serum albumin
- CAT, carboxyatractyloside
- CIMP, CpG island methylator phenotype
- CK, creatine kinase
- COX, cytochrome c oxidase
- CRC, colorectal cancer
- ETC, electron transport chain
- Energy metabolism
- FDG, 18-fluorodeoxyglucose
- Glycolysis
- HK, hexokinase
- Human colorectal cancer
- Km, Michaelis–Menten constant
- MI, Mitochondrial Interactosome
- MOM, mitochondrial outer membrane
- Mitochondria
- OXPHOS
- OXPHOS, oxidative phosphorylation
- PCr, phosphocreatine
- PEP, phosphoenolpyruvate
- PET, positron emission tomography
- PYK, pyruvate kinase
- Respiration
- TMPD, N,N,N′,N′-tetramethyl-p-phenylenediamine
- V0, basal respiration level
- VDAC, voltage dependent anion channel
- VEGF, vascular endothelial growth factor
- Vm, maximal respiration rate
- qPCR, real-time quantitative PCR
- uMtCK, ubiquitous mitochondrial creatine kinase
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Affiliation(s)
- Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kati Mado
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andre Koit
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Andrus Kaldma
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Aleksandr Klepinin
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Natalja Timohhina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Lyudmila Ounpuu
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Laura Truu
- Tallinn University of Technology, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Anu Planken
- Competence Centre for Cancer Research, Tallinn, Estonia
| | | | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia.,Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
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Rappaport F. A method aimed at assessing the functional consequences of the supramolecular organization of the respiratory electron transfer chain by time-resolved studies. Methods Mol Biol 2015; 1241:95-109. [PMID: 25308491 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-1875-1_9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/11/2023]
Abstract
A steadily increasing number of physiological, biochemical, and structural studies have provided a growing support to the notion that the respiratory electron transfer chain may contain supra-molecular edifices made of the assembly of some, if not all, of its individual links. This structure, usually referred to as the solid state model-in comparison to the liquid state model in which the electron transfer reactions between the membrane bound enzymes are diffusion controlled-is seen as conferring specific kinetic properties to the chain and thus as being highly relevant from a functional point of view. Although the assumption that structural changes are mirrored by functional adjustment is undoubtedly legitimate, experimental evidences supporting it remain scarce. Here we review a recent methodological development aimed at tackling the functional relevance of the supramolecular organization of the respiratory electron transfer chain in intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fabrice Rappaport
- Institut de Biologie Physico-Chimique, UMR 7141 CNRS-UPMC, 13 rue P et M Curie, 75005, Paris, France,
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The role of tubulin in the mitochondrial metabolism and arrangement in muscle cells. J Bioenerg Biomembr 2014; 46:421-34. [PMID: 25209018 DOI: 10.1007/s10863-014-9579-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2014] [Accepted: 09/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Tubulin, a well-known component of the microtubule in the cytoskeleton, has an important role in the transport and positioning of mitochondria in a cell type dependent manner. This review describes different functional interactions of tubulin with cellular protein complexes and its functional interaction with the mitochondrial outer membrane. Tubulin is present in oxidative as well as glycolytic type muscle cells, but the kinetics of the in vivo regulation of mitochondrial respiration in these muscle types is drastically different. The interaction between VDAC and tubulin is probably influenced by such factors as isoformic patterns of VDAC and tubulin, post-translational modifications of tubulin and phosphorylation of VDAC. Important factor of the selective permeability of VDAC is the mitochondrial creatine kinase pathway which is present in oxidative cells, but is inactive or missing in glycolytic muscle and cancer cells. As the tubulin-VDAC interaction reduces the permeability of the channel by adenine nucleotides, energy transfer can then take place effectively only through the mitochondrial creatine kinase/phosphocreatine pathway. Therefore, closure of VDAC by tubulin may be one of the reasons of apoptosis in cells without the creatine kinase pathway. An important question in tubulin regulated interactions is whether other proteins are interacting with tubulin. The functional interaction may be direct, through other proteins like plectins, or influenced by simultaneous interaction of other complexes with VDAC.
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Functional role of mitochondrial respiratory supercomplexes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2014; 1837:427-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2013.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 224] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2013] [Revised: 10/30/2013] [Accepted: 11/02/2013] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
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Javadov S, Kuznetsov AV. Mitochondria: the cell powerhouse and nexus of stress. Front Physiol 2013; 4:207. [PMID: 23966947 PMCID: PMC3735979 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2013.00207] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2013] [Accepted: 07/21/2013] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Sabzali Javadov
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Puerto Rico San Juan, Puerto Rico
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