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Medegan Fagla B, Buhimschi IA. Protein Misfolding in Pregnancy: Current Insights, Potential Mechanisms, and Implications for the Pathogenesis of Preeclampsia. Molecules 2024; 29:610. [PMID: 38338354 PMCID: PMC10856193 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29030610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2023] [Revised: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/12/2024] Open
Abstract
Protein misfolding disorders are a group of diseases characterized by supra-physiologic accumulation and aggregation of pathogenic proteoforms resulting from improper protein folding and/or insufficiency in clearance mechanisms. Although these processes have been historically linked to neurodegenerative disorders, such as Alzheimer's disease, evidence linking protein misfolding to other pathologies continues to emerge. Indeed, the deposition of toxic protein aggregates in the form of oligomers or large amyloid fibrils has been linked to type 2 diabetes, various types of cancer, and, in more recent years, to preeclampsia, a life-threatening pregnancy-specific disorder. While extensive physiological mechanisms are in place to maintain proteostasis, processes, such as aging, genetic factors, or environmental stress in the form of hypoxia, nutrient deprivation or xenobiotic exposures can induce failure in these systems. As such, pregnancy, a natural physical state that already places the maternal body under significant physiological stress, creates an environment with a lower threshold for aberrant aggregation. In this review, we set out to discuss current evidence of protein misfolding in pregnancy and potential mechanisms supporting a key role for this process in preeclampsia pathogenesis. Improving our understanding of this emerging pathophysiological process in preeclampsia can lead to vital discoveries that can be harnessed to create better diagnoses and treatment modalities for the disorder.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Irina Alexandra Buhimschi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, College of Medicine, University of Illinois at Chicago, Chicago, IL 60612, USA;
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Li L, Zhang Z, Li H, Zhou M, Li F, Chu C, Zhang Y, Zhu X, Ju H, Li X. Research progress on the STAT signaling pathway in pregnancy and pregnancy-associated disorders. Front Immunol 2024; 14:1331964. [PMID: 38235138 PMCID: PMC10792037 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1331964] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 01/19/2024] Open
Abstract
Signal transducer and activator of transcription (STAT) proteins, pivotal regulators of signaling cascades, undergo activation in response to the stimulation of cytokines and growth factors, and participate in biological processes, including inflammation, immune responses, cell proliferation, and differentiation. During the process of pregnancy, STAT signaling is involved in regulating embryonic implantation, endometrial decidualization, and establishing and maintaining maternal-fetal immune tolerance. Increasing evidence suggests that aberrant STAT signaling contributes to the occurrence and development of pregnancy disorders, including repeated implantation failure (RIF), preeclampsia (PE), recurrent spontaneous abortion (RSA), preterm birth (PTB) and gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM). Elucidating the molecular mechanisms of the STAT signaling pathway holds promise for further understanding the establishment and maintenance of normal pregnancy, and thereby providing potent targets and strategic avenues for the prevention and management of ailments associated with pregnancy. In this review, we summarized the roles of the STAT signaling pathway and its related regulatory function in embryonic implantation, endometrial decidualization, and maternal-fetal immune tolerance. In conclusion, in-depth research on the mechanism of the STAT signaling pathway not only enhances our understanding of normal pregnancy processes but also offers STAT-based therapeutic approaches to protect women from the burden of pregnancy-related disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihua Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
- School of Clinical and Basic Medical Sciences, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Haoyang Li
- International Business School, Tianjin Foreign Studies University, Tianjin, China
| | - Miaomiao Zhou
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Fang Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Chu Chu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Yunhong Zhang
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Xiaoxiao Zhu
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
| | - Hongmei Ju
- Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, Shandong, China
| | - Xia Li
- Innovative Institute of Chinese Medicine and Pharmacy, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan, China
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Orimoloye HT, He D, Li T, Janzen C, Barjaktarevic I, Wang X, Hansen J, Heck JE. Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency and pregnancy complications and birth outcomes: A population-based cohort study in Denmark. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0296434. [PMID: 38166066 PMCID: PMC10760838 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0296434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/04/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) is related to developing lung and liver disease, but no large-scale studies examine its association with birth outcomes. OBJECTIVE We investigated the risk of pregnancy complications and adverse birth outcomes in mothers and children with AATD. METHODS Using a large cohort data of Danish mothers and children with AATD from 1973 to 2013 (n = 2,027,229), with 559 cases (305 mothers and 254 children). We conducted Poisson regression to examine associations between alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency, adverse birth outcomes, and pregnancy complications in mothers and children. RESULTS AATD was related to term low birth weight [<2500g; Risk Ratio(RR) = 2.04, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.50-2.79], lowest quartile of abdominal circumference at birth in children of non-smoking mothers (RR = 1.55, 95% CI: 1.14-2.11), delivery via Cesarean-section (RR = 1.59, 95% CI: 1.05-2.40), preterm birth (RR = 1.54, 95% CI: 1.19-2.00) and preeclampsia (RR = 2.64, 95% CI: 1.76-3.94). CONCLUSIONS This emphasizes the need for mothers with AATD to be monitored closely during pregnancy to reduce the risk of adverse birth outcomes. Routine screening for alpha-1 antitrypsin in pregnancy may be considered among mothers with a pulmonary and liver disease history.
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Affiliation(s)
- Helen T. Orimoloye
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
| | - Di He
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Tong Li
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Carla Janzen
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Igor Barjaktarevic
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
| | - Xuexia Wang
- Department of Biostatistics, Florida International University, Miami, Florida, United States of America
| | | | - Julia E. Heck
- Department of Rehabilitation and Health Services, University of North Texas, Denton, Texas, United States of America
- Department of Epidemiology, Fielding School of Public Health, University of California, Los Angeles, Los Angeles, California, United States of America
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Peng C, Zhu J, Guo H, Zhao L, Wu F, Liu B. Long non-coding RNA TLR8-AS1 induces preeclampsia through increasing TLR8/STAT1 axis. J Hypertens 2023; 41:1245-1257. [PMID: 37199563 DOI: 10.1097/hjh.0000000000003410] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Our current study tried to assay the role of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) TLR8-AS1 in regulating preeclampsia. METHODS TLR8-AS1 expression was examined in the clinical placental tissues of preeclampsia patients and the trophoblast cells induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Then, different lentivirus was infected into trophoblast cells to study the role of TLR8-AS1 in cell functions. Furthermore, interactions among TLR8-AS1, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and toll-like receptor 8 (TLR8) were determined. A rat model of preeclampsia induced by N(omega)-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester was developed to validate the in-vitro findings. RESULTS High expression of TLR8-AS1 was detected in placental tissues of preeclampsia patients and LPS-induced trophoblast cells. In addition, overexpression of TLR8-AS1 arrested the proliferation, migration and invasion of trophoblast cells, which was related to the upregulation of TLR8 expression. Mechanistically, TLR8-AS1 recruited STAT1 to bind to the TLR8 promoter region, and thus promoted the transcription of TLR8. Meanwhile, overexpression of TLR8-AS1 was shown to aggravate preeclampsia by elevating TLR8 in vivo . CONCLUSION Our study confirmed that TLR8-AS1 aggravated the progression of preeclampsia through increasing the expression of STAT1 and TLR8.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chuyu Peng
- Department of Obstetrics, The Haining Maternal and Child Health Hospital, Haining
| | - Jianbin Zhu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning
| | - Hong Guo
- Department of Obstetrics, Changsha Ning Er Maternity Hospital, Changsha
| | - Ling Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning
| | - Feifei Wu
- Department of Obstetrics, Changsha Ning Er Maternity Hospital, Changsha
| | - Bo Liu
- Reproductive Medicine Research Center, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University, Nanning, P. R. China
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Cooper KM, Colletta A, Asirwatham AM, Moore Simas TA, Devuni D. COVID-19 associated liver injury: A general review with special consideration of pregnancy and obstetric outcomes. World J Gastroenterol 2022; 28:6017-6033. [PMID: 36405386 PMCID: PMC9669825 DOI: 10.3748/wjg.v28.i42.6017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/24/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Liver injury is an increasingly recognized extra-pulmonary manifestation of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) associated liver injury (COVALI) is a clinical syndrome encompassing all patients with biochemical liver injury identified in the setting of SARS-CoV-2 infection. Despite profound clinical implications, its pathophysiology is poorly understood. Unfortunately, most information on COVALI is derived from the general population and may not be applicable to individuals under-represented in research, including pregnant individuals. This manuscript reviews: Clinical features of COVALI, leading theories of COVALI, and existing literature on COVALI during pregnancy, a topic not widely explored in the literature. Ultimately, we synthesized data from the general and perinatal populations that demonstrates COVALI to be a hepatocellular transaminitis that is likely induced by systemic inflammation and that is strongly associated with disease severity and poorer clinical outcome, and offered perspective on approaching transaminitis in the potentially COVID-19 positive patient in the obstetric setting.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katherine M. Cooper
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Alessandro Colletta
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Alison M. Asirwatham
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Tiffany A. Moore Simas
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
- Departments of Pediatrics, Psychiatry, and Population & Quantitative Health Sciences, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
| | - Deepika Devuni
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 01605, United States
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, University of Massachusetts Chan Medical School, Worcester, MA 1605, United States
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Wei L, Zhang W, Li Y, Zhai J. The SIRT1-HMGB1 axis: Therapeutic potential to ameliorate inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence. Front Cell Dev Biol 2022; 10:986511. [PMID: 36081910 PMCID: PMC9448523 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2022.986511] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Inflammation is a common complication of many chronic diseases. It includes inflammation of the parenchyma and vascular systems. Sirtuin 1 (SIRT1) is a nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide (NAD)-dependent histone deacetylase, which can directly participate in the suppression of inflammation. It can also regulate the activity of other proteins. Among them, high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) signaling can be inhibited by deacetylating four lysine residues (55, 88, 90, and 177) in quiescent endothelial cells. HMGB1 is a ubiquitous nuclear protein, once translocated outside the cell, which can interact with various target cell receptors including the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE), toll-like receptor (TLR) 2, and TLR4 and stimulates the release of pro-inflammatory cyto-/chemokines. And SIRT1 has been reported to inhibit the activity of HMGB1. Both are related to the occurrence and development of inflammation and associated diseases but show an antagonistic relationship in controlling inflammation. Therefore, in this review, we introduce how this signaling axis regulates the emergence of inflammation-related responses and tumor occurrence, providing a new experimental perspective for future inflammation research. In addition, it explores diverse upstream regulators and some natural/synthetic activators of SIRT1 as a possible treatment for inflammatory responses and tumor occurrence which may encourage the development of new anti-inflammatory drugs. Meanwhile, this review also introduces the potential molecular mechanism of the SIRT1-HMGB1 pathway to improve inflammation, suggesting that SIRT1 and HMGB1 proteins may be potential targets for treating inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lanyi Wei
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- Department of Pharmacy, Shanghai Jiao Tong University Affiliated Sixth People’s Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Wenrui Zhang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yueyang Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Jinghui Zhai
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
- *Correspondence: Jinghui Zhai,
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Yoshida K, Yano A, Kusama K, Ishikawa G, Tamura K. Alpha 1 Antitrypsin Regulates Trophoblast Syncytialization and Inflammatory Factor Expression. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23041955. [PMID: 35216073 PMCID: PMC8879717 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23041955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The serine protease inhibitor alpha1-antitrypsin (A1AT) may possess protective functions of impaired organs in a manner independent of its protease inhibitor activity. A1AT expression has been shown to fluctuate in patients with pregnancy-induced hypertension, which suggests that A1AT may play a role in the syncytialization of villous trophoblasts. A1AT expression was knocked down in primary trophoblasts. RNA was extracted from these cells and subjected to RNA-sequencing analysis to determine the levels of expression of markers of syncytialization and inflammation. In addition, A1AT protein was localized in trophoblastic cells in placental tissues. Knockdown of A1AT upregulated the expression of FOSL1 and markers of syncytialization, as well as cell fusion, whereas overexpression of A1AT had the opposite effects. FOSL1 overexpression stimulated syncytialization, similar to the effects of A1AT knock down. Inhibitors of p38MAPK and JNK reduce the expression of inflammatory factors, whereas a p38MAPK inhibitor suppressed FOSL1 expression. Collectively, these findings indicated A1AT may negatively regulate inflammatory responses by controlling the activation of p38MAPK and JNK, and that p38MAPK mediates trophoblast syncytialization by altering FOSL1 expression. Therefore, a dysfunction in A1AT could be responsible for abnormal placental formation and pregnancy-associated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoko Yoshida
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.Y.)
| | - Aruto Yano
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.Y.)
| | - Kazuya Kusama
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (K.T.); Tel.: +81-42-676-4530 (K.K.); +81-42-676-4526 (K.T.)
| | - Gen Ishikawa
- Department of Obstetrics, Miyagi Children’s Hospital, Sendai 989-3126, Japan;
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (A.Y.)
- Correspondence: (K.K.); (K.T.); Tel.: +81-42-676-4530 (K.K.); +81-42-676-4526 (K.T.)
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8
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Wang X, Yi X, Tang D. Aerobic Exercise Improves Pulmonary Fibrosis by Improving Insulin Resistance and Inflammation in Obese Mice. Front Physiol 2022; 12:785117. [PMID: 35115954 PMCID: PMC8804531 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2021.785117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Accepted: 11/22/2021] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Previous studies have demonstrated that obesity is associated with pulmonary fibrosis. We attempted to identify whether regular aerobic exercise (AE) can protect against high-fat diet (HFD)-associated pulmonary fibrosis. Methods Forty-eight C57BL/6 mice were randomly assigned to four groups: chow group (Ch), chow plus exercise group (CE), obesity group (Ob), and obesity plus exercise group (OE). The mice were fed either an HFD or a chow diet for 16 weeks, and low-intensity aerobic exercise (AE) was performed in the last 8 weeks. We measured the degree of pulmonary fibrosis; pulmonary inflammation; oxidative stress parameters; insulin resistance-related indicators; the number of inflammatory cells in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF); the mRNA expression levels of IL-10, IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, CXCL-1, IL-17, MMP-9, MPO, NE, and sirt-1; and the BALF levels of CXCL-1, IL-17, TGF-β, IL-10, IL-1β, and TNF-α in lung tissue. Results AE in obese mice protected against obesity-associated pulmonary fibrosis, chronic inflammation, pro-oxidative/antioxidative imbalance, and insulin resistance. AE ameliorated the HFD-induced inflammatory response and neutrophil infiltration in the lung. AE downregulated BALF levels of CXCL-1, IL-1β, TNF-α IL-17, and TGF-β but upregulated BALF levels of IL-10. AE decreased IL-1β, TGF-β, TNF-α, CXCL-1, IL-17, MMP-9, MPO, and NE mRNA expression levels but upregulated IL-10 and sirt-1 mRNA expression levels in the lung. Conclusions AE protects against HFD-induced pulmonary fibrosis by improving obesity-associated insulin resistance, chronic low-grade inflammation, and pro-oxidative/antioxidative imbalance. AE improved HFD-induced pulmonary fibrosis by suppressing IL-17, TGF-β, NE, and MMP-9 expression and activating IL-10 and sirt-1 expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xishuai Wang
- Department of College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Department of Animal Genetic Resources, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
- *Correspondence: Xishuai Wang,
| | - Xuejie Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, Shenyang Sport University, Shenyang, China
| | - Donghui Tang
- Department of College of P.E. and Sports, Beijing Normal University, Beijing, China
- Donghui Tang,
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MiR-133b regulates oxidative stress injury of trophoblasts in preeclampsia by mediating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. J Mol Histol 2021; 52:1177-1188. [PMID: 34623553 DOI: 10.1007/s10735-021-10024-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/24/2021] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) is a pregnancy-related syndrome. Aberrant placental microRNAs (miRNAs) expression might associate with PE, including miR-133b. However, its role in the pathogenesis of preeclampsia remains elusive. Therefore, this study explored the role of miR-133b in oxidative stress injury of trophoblasts in preeclampsia (PE) by mediating the JAK2/STAT3 signaling pathway. Placental tissues were collected from PE patients to detect the expression of miR-133b and JAK2/STAT3. Then, in vitro experiments were performed on human extravillous trophoblast-derived HTR-8/SVneo cells, which were divided into Normal, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), H/R + miR-NC, H/R + miR-133b inhibitor, H/R + JAK2 siRNA and H/R + miR-133b inhibitor + JAK2 siRNA groups. Cell invasion and migration abilities were detected by Transwell and wound healing assays, while apoptosis was detected by flow cytometry. The intracellular oxidative stress levels were also measured. Furthermore, the expression of miR-133b and the JAK2/STAT3 pathway was determined by qRT-PCR and Western blotting. We found that miR-133b was up-regulated, with decreases in JAK2 and p-STAT3/STAT3 in placental tissues of PE patients. Additionally, HTR8/SVneo cells in the H/R group had decreased invasion and migration abilities with increased apoptotic rates and oxidative stress levels. Moreover, the expression of miR-133b was up-regulated with decreases in p-JAK2 and p-STAT3 in H/R-treated HTR8/SVneo cells. These indicators in the H/R + miR-133b inhibitor group were ameliorated in comparison with those in the H/R group but deteriorated in the H/R + JAK2 siRNA group. Moreover, JAK2 siRNA reversed the positive effect of the miR-133b inhibitor on the invasion and migration abilities of trophoblasts. In summary, inhibiting miR-133b may improve oxidative stress injury to promote the migration and invasion of trophoblasts and suppress apoptosis by activating the JAK2/STAT3 pathway.
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Nori W, Ali AI. Maternal alpha-1-antitrypsin as a noval marker for growth restriction in pre-eclampsia. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2021; 47:4250-4255. [PMID: 34571571 DOI: 10.1111/jog.15043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 09/01/2021] [Accepted: 09/12/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
AIM To verify the role of maternal serum levels of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an acute-phase inflammatory protein, as a marker for distinguishing between fetal growth restriction (FGR) and normal birth weight in pre-eclamptic women. We correlate serum AAT levels to the essential feto-maternal parameters for an earlier and cost-benefit diagnostic method, thus distinguishing between FGR and normal birth weight in pre-eclamptic women. METHODS An observational study conducted at the University hospital recruited 100 pregnant women in 32/34 weeks of a singleton single tone pregnancy; all were pre-eclampsia cases. All were tested by laboratory and ultrasound examination. Two sets of data were collected; one is maternal parameters such as blood pressure (BP), maternal serum AAT mean platelet volume (MPV), platelet distribution width (PDW), and serum uric acid levels, and the other is fetal parameters such as amniotic fluid index (AFI), fetal weight centile and estimated fetal weight. RESULTS A strong negative correlation proved between serum levels of AAT and all study variables except fetal weight (systolic BP, diastolic BP, MPV, PDW, serum uric acid, fetal weight percentile, and AFI) with a correlation coefficient of; -0.95, -0.95, -0.85, -0.93, -0.91, -0.94, and -0.93 respectively. The cut-off value for AAT 0.013 mg/ml showed the highest sensitivity and specificity as a diagnostic marker for FGR. Area under the curve was 0.99. CONCLUSIONS Negative correlations between maternal serum AAT and fetal parameters used to assess FGR were confirmed, suggesting that AAT is closely related to the pathophysiology of FGR among pre-eclamptic patients and may serve as a helpful tool in distinguishing between FGR and normal birth weight babies, pending further validation in feto-maternal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wassan Nori
- College of Medicine/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Alaa Ibrahim Ali
- College of Medicine/Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq
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11
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Lead Levels in Non-Occupationally Exposed Women with Preeclampsia. Molecules 2021; 26:molecules26103051. [PMID: 34065439 PMCID: PMC8160711 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26103051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 05/15/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
There are many controversies regarding the relationship between lead exposure andcomplications in pregnancy. Preeclampsia (PE) is a maternal hypertensive disorder which is one of the main causes of maternal and foetal mortality. The aim of our study was to assess blood lead level (BLL) in Polish women with PE (PE group, n = 66) compared with healthy, non-pregnant women (CNP group, n = 40) and healthy pregnant women (CP group, n = 40). BLL was determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The systolic blood pressure (SBP), diastolic blood pressure (DBP) and BLL in the CP group were significantly lower than in the PE group (p < 0.001). Logistic regression analyses of BLL showed a significant positive relationship with the presence of PE. Furthermore, both the SBP and DBP values were positively associated with BLL. This study indicates that preeclamptic women tend to present with significantly higher BLL compared to healthy pregnant women. There were no differences in the BLL between the CP and CNP groups.
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Yoshida K, Kusama K, Fukushima Y, Ohmaru-Nakanishi T, Kato K, Tamura K. Alpha-1 Antitrypsin-Induced Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress Promotes Invasion by Extravillous Trophoblasts. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:3683. [PMID: 33916165 PMCID: PMC8037753 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22073683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2021] [Revised: 03/25/2021] [Accepted: 03/28/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpha-1 antitrypsin (A1AT) is a glycoprotein that has been shown to protect tissues from proteolytic damage under various inflammatory conditions. Several studies show that A1AT may be associated with pre-eclampsia. However, the role of A1AT expression in placental physiology is not fully understood. In the present study, we aim to characterize the expression and function of placental A1AT. A1AT knockdown is found to reduce the expression of the serine protease HTRA1 in a trophoblast cell line. In addition, A1AT overexpression (A1AT-OE) increases the expression of HTRA1, IL6, CXCL8, and several markers of endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Treatment with tunicamycin or thapsigargin, which induces ER stress, increases HTRA1 expression. Furthermore, immunohistochemistry reveals that HTRA1 is expressed in trophoblasts and the endometrial decidual cells of human placentas. An invasion assay shows that A1AT and HTRA1 stimulate cell invasion, but treatment with the ER stress inhibitors reduces the expression of HTRA1 and ER stress markers and prevents cell invasion in A1AT-OE trophoblasts. These results suggest that endogenous A1AT regulates inflammatory cytokine expression and HTRA1-induced trophoblast invasion via the induction of ER stress. It is concluded that an imbalance in the functional link between A1AT and ER stress at the maternal-fetal interface might cause abnormal placental development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kanoko Yoshida
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (K.T.)
| | - Kazuya Kusama
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (K.T.)
| | - Yuta Fukushima
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (K.T.)
| | - Takako Ohmaru-Nakanishi
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (T.O.-N.); (K.K.)
| | - Kiyoko Kato
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Graduate School of Medical Sciences, Kyushu University, Fukuoka 812-8582, Japan; (T.O.-N.); (K.K.)
| | - Kazuhiro Tamura
- Department of Endocrine Pharmacology, Tokyo University of Pharmacy and Life Sciences, Tokyo 192-0392, Japan; (K.Y.); (Y.F.); (K.T.)
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13
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Oxidative Stress and Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress in Rare Respiratory Diseases. J Clin Med 2021; 10:jcm10061268. [PMID: 33803835 PMCID: PMC8003245 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10061268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2021] [Revised: 03/12/2021] [Accepted: 03/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Several studies have shown that some rare respiratory diseases, such as alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF), cystic fibrosis (CF), and primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) present oxidative stress (OS) and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress. Their involvement in these pathologies and the use of antioxidants as therapeutic agents to minimize the effects of OS are discussed in this review.
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14
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Potilinski MC, Tate PS, Lorenc VE, Gallo JE. New insights into oxidative stress and immune mechanisms involved in age-related macular degeneration tackled by novel therapies. Neuropharmacology 2021; 188:108513. [PMID: 33662390 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuropharm.2021.108513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2020] [Revised: 02/14/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The prevalence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) has increased in the last years. Although anti-VEGF agents have improved the prognosis of exudative AMD, dry AMD has still devastating effects on elderly people vision. Oxidative stress and inflammation are mechanisms involved in AMD pathogenesis and its progression. Molecular pathways involving epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), bone morphogenetic protein (BMP4) and the nuclear erythroid related factor 2 (Nrf2) are behind oxidative stress in AMD due to their participation in antioxidant cellular pathways. As a consequence of the disbalance produced in the antioxidant mechanisms, there is an activation of innate and adaptative immune response with cell recruitment, changes in complement factors expression, and modification of cellular milieu. Different therapies are being studied to treat dry AMD based on the possible effects on antioxidant molecular pathways or their action on the immune response. There is a wide range of treatments presented in this review, from natural antioxidant compounds to cell and gene therapy, based on their mechanisms. Finally, we hypothesize that alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT), an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory molecule that can also modulate antioxidant cellular defenses, could be a good candidate for testing in AMD. This article is part of the special ssue on 'The Quest for Disease-Modifying Therapies for Neurodegenerative Disorders'.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Constanza Potilinski
- Nanomedicine & Vision Lab, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Pablo S Tate
- Laboratorio de Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Valeria E Lorenc
- Nanomedicine & Vision Lab, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Juan E Gallo
- Nanomedicine & Vision Lab, Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Translacional, Universidad Austral, CONICET, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; Departamento de Oftalmología, Hospital Universitario Austral, Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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15
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Huang CY, Hu RC, Li J, Chen BB, Dai AG. α1-Antitrypsin alleviates inflammation and oxidative stress by suppressing autophagy in asthma. Cytokine 2021; 141:155454. [PMID: 33611166 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2021.155454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2020] [Revised: 01/18/2021] [Accepted: 01/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Asthma is considered an incurable disease, although many advances have been made in asthma treatments in recent years. Therefore, elucidating the pathological mechanisms and seeking novel and effective therapeutic strategies for asthma are urgently needed. METHODS Airway resistance was measured by whole-body plethysmography. H&E staining was used to observe the morphological changes in the lung. Oxidative stress was assessed by measuring the levels of MDA, CAT and SOD. Gene expression was analysed by western blotting and RT-qPCR. ELISA was used to analyse the concentrations of IL-4, IL-5 and IFN-γ. RESULTS In the present study, we successfully established in vivo and in vitro asthma models. OVA administration led to elevated lung resistance, cell counts in BALF, and cytokine secretion, impaired airway structure and enhanced oxidative stress and autophagy in a mouse model of asthma, while IL-13 induced inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy in BEAS-2B cells. A1AT reduced lung resistance and cell counts in BALF and suppressed inflammation, oxidative stress and autophagy in a mouse model of asthma and IL-13-induced BEAS-2B cells. Mechanistic investigations revealed that autophagy activation compromised the protective effect of A1AT on IL-13-induced BEAS-2B cells. Further mechanistic studies revealed that A1AT alleviated inflammation and oxidative stress by inhibiting autophagy in the context of asthma. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that A1AT could alleviate inflammation and oxidative stress by suppressing autophagy in the context of asthma and thus ameliorate asthma. Our study revealed novel pathological mechanisms and provided novel potential therapeutic targets for asthma treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Yu Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Rui-Cheng Hu
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Bin-Bin Chen
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, Hunan Provincial People's Hospital, Changsha 410012, Hunan Province, PR China
| | - Ai-Guo Dai
- Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha 410208, Hunan Province, PR China.
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16
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1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-Trimethylhydroquinone Ameliorates the Development of Preeclampsia through Suppression of Oxidative Stress and Endothelial Cell Apoptosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2021; 2021:8839394. [PMID: 33542786 PMCID: PMC7840260 DOI: 10.1155/2021/8839394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2020] [Revised: 12/26/2020] [Accepted: 01/06/2021] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
1-O-Hexyl-2,3,5-trimethylhydroquinone (HTHQ), a potent nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) activator, has potent antioxidant activity by scavenging reactive oxygen species (ROS). However, the role of HTHQ on the development of preeclampsia (PE) and the underlying mechanisms have barely been explored. In the present study, PE model was induced by adenovirus-mediated overexpression of soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase 1 (sFlt-1) in pregnant mice. The results showed that HTHQ treatment significantly relieved the high systolic blood pressure (SBP) and proteinuria and increased the fetal weight and fetal weight/placenta weight in preeclamptic mice. Furthermore, we found that HTHQ treatment significantly decreased soluble endoglin (sEng), endothelin-1 (ET-1), and activin A and restored vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in preeclamptic mice. In addition, HTHQ treatment inhibited oxidative stress and endothelial cell apoptosis by increasing the levels of Nrf2 and its downstream haemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) protein. In line with the data in vivo, we discovered that HTHQ treatment attenuated oxidative stress and cell apoptosis in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) following hypoxia and reperfusion (H/R), and the HTHQ-mediated protection was lost after transfected with siNrf2. In conclusion, these results suggested that HTHQ ameliorates the development of preeclampsia through suppression of oxidative stress and endothelial cell apoptosis.
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17
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Rotondo JC, Oton-Gonzalez L, Selvatici R, Rizzo P, Pavasini R, Campo GC, Lanzillotti C, Mazziotta C, De Mattei M, Tognon M, Martini F. SERPINA1 Gene Promoter Is Differentially Methylated in Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells of Pregnant Women. Front Cell Dev Biol 2020; 8:550543. [PMID: 33015055 PMCID: PMC7494783 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2020.550543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2020] [Accepted: 08/18/2020] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
SERine Protein INhibitor-A1 (SERPINA1) is an inducible blood cell gene coding for alpha1-antitrypsin (AAT), a plasma protease inhibitor whose circulating levels are raised during inflammation, infection and advanced pregnancy. DNA methylation has been suggested to play a role in SERPINA1 gene expression regulation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs). The methylation status of SERPINA1 in PBMCs is unknown. The aim of this study was to evaluate the methylation profile of the SERPINA1 promoter in PBMC. To this purpose PBMCs and serum were collected from healthy subjects (HS) (n = 75), including blood donors (BD) (n = 25), pregnant women at early pregnancy (EP) (n = 25), i.e., within the first trimester, and pregnant women at late pregnancy (LP) (n = 25), i.e., at the third trimester. DNA from PBMCs was treated with sodium bisulfite and PCR amplified for SERPINA1 gene promoter, followed by sequencing analyses. AAT serum levels were determined by ELISA test. SERPINA1 was found hypermethylated in 58.7% of HS. The prevalence of SERPINA1 hypermethylation was significantly higher in BD (68%) and EP (88%) than in LP (20%) (p < 0.01). The median serum AAT concentration was 1.07, 0.63, and 3.15 mg/ml in BD, EP, and LP, respectively (p < 0.05, BD and EP vs LP). This study indicates, for the first time, that SERPINA1 gene promoter is differentially methylated in PBMCs from HS. Likely, modulation of the methylation may be a novel epigenetic regulator mechanism of AAT expression in the PBMC of HS. Therefore, SERPINA1 gene promoter methylation may represent an epigenetic biomarker of PBMCs in healthy subjects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rita Selvatici
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Paola Rizzo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Rita Pavasini
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Gianluca Calogero Campo
- Department of Morphology, Surgery and Experimental Medicine, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy.,Cardiology Unit, Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria di Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | | | - Chiara Mazziotta
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Monica De Mattei
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Mauro Tognon
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
| | - Fernanda Martini
- Department of Medical Sciences, University of Ferrara, Ferrara, Italy
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18
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Gatford KL, Andraweera PH, Roberts CT, Care AS. Animal Models of Preeclampsia: Causes, Consequences, and Interventions. Hypertension 2020; 75:1363-1381. [PMID: 32248704 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.14598] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Preeclampsia is a common pregnancy complication, affecting 2% to 8% of pregnancies worldwide, and is an important cause of both maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality. Importantly, although aspirin and calcium are able to prevent preeclampsia in some women, there is no cure apart from delivery of the placenta and fetus, often necessitating iatrogenic preterm birth. Preclinical models of preeclampsia are widely used to investigate the causes and consequences of preeclampsia and to evaluate safety and efficacy of potential preventative and therapeutic interventions. In this review, we provide a summary of the published preclinical models of preeclampsia that meet human diagnostic criteria, including the development of maternal hypertension, together with new-onset proteinuria, maternal organ dysfunction, and uteroplacental dysfunction. We then discuss evidence from preclinical models for multiple causal factors of preeclampsia, including those implicated in early-onset and late-onset preeclampsia. Next, we discuss the impact of exposure to a preeclampsia-like environment for later maternal and progeny health. The presence of long-term impairment, particularly cardiovascular outcomes, in mothers and progeny after an experimentally induced preeclampsia-like pregnancy, implies that later onset or reduced severity of preeclampsia will improve later maternal and progeny health. Finally, we summarize published intervention studies in preclinical models and identify gaps in knowledge that we consider should be targets for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn L Gatford
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Prabha H Andraweera
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Claire T Roberts
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
| | - Alison S Care
- From the Adelaide Medical School and Robinson Research Institute, The University of Adelaide, Australia
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19
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Potilinski MC, Lorenc V, Perisset S, Gallo JE. Mechanisms behind Retinal Ganglion Cell Loss in Diabetes and Therapeutic Approach. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21072351. [PMID: 32231131 PMCID: PMC7177797 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21072351] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/20/2020] [Accepted: 02/20/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Diabetes produces several changes in the body triggered by high glycemia. Some of these changes include altered metabolism, structural changes in blood vessels and chronic inflammation. The eye and particularly the retinal ganglion cells (RGCs) are not spared, and the changes eventually lead to cell loss and visual function impairment. Understanding the mechanisms resulting in RGC damage and loss from diabetic retinopathy is essential to find an effective treatment. This review focuses mainly on the signaling pathways and molecules involved in RGC loss and the potential therapeutic approaches for the prevention of this cell death. Throughout the manuscript it became evident that multiple factors of different kind are responsible for RGC damage. This shows that new therapeutic agents targeting several factors at the same time are needed. Alpha-1 antitrypsin as an anti-inflammatory agent may become a suitable option for the treatment of RGC loss because of its beneficial interaction with several signaling pathways involved in RGC injury and inflammation. In conclusion, alpha-1 antitrypsin may become a potential therapeutic agent for the treatment of RGC loss and processes behind diabetic retinopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Constanza Potilinski
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Valeria Lorenc
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Sofía Perisset
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
| | - Juan Eduardo Gallo
- Instituto de Investigaciones en Medicina Traslacional (IIMT), Facultad de Ciencias Biomedicas, Universidad Austral-CONICET, Av. J.D. Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina; (M.C.P.); (V.L.); (S.P.)
- Departamento de Oftalmologia, Hospital Universitario Austral, Av. Juan Perón 1500, 1629 Pilar, Buenos Aires, Argentina
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +54-91164038725
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20
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Feng Y, Wang N, Xu J, Zou J, Liang X, Liu H, Chen Y. Alpha-1-antitrypsin functions as a protective factor in preeclampsia through activating Smad2 and inhibitor of DNA binding 4. Oncotarget 2017; 8:113002-113012. [PMID: 29348884 PMCID: PMC5762569 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2017] [Accepted: 11/13/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Pre-eclampsia (PE) is one of the most common reason for high morbidity and mortality of maternal and prenatal infants. Production from oxidative stress results in maternal ROS system and anti-oxidation defense system imbalance to promote tissue ischemia and hypoxia, and ultimately impairs the maternal organs and placenta. Our previous study showed that exogenous Alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) and overexpression of AAT in umbilical vein cell (HUVEC) hypoxia-reoxygenation model could increase the activity of antioxidant enzymes, and played a protective role in preeclampsia animal model. In this study, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanism by which AAT prevents PE progress. Whole-exome sequencing was performed to screen the genes altered by AAT. We found that AAT knockdown altered the expression of Smad family and Id family genes, and further demonstrated that AAT positively regulated Id4 expression through activating Smad2. Reduced Id4 expression and Smad2 phosphorylation were observed in preeclampsia animal model, which was also confirmed in human placenta tissues. In addition, AAT protected HUVEC cells from hypoxia/reoxygenation injury and relieved preeclampsia symptoms through Smad2/Id4 axis. Our data illustrate AAT/Smad2/Id4 axis is an important mediator of placenta and vascular function during pregnancy. These findings provide insights into events governing pregnancy-associated disorders, such as preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yaling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Nan Wang
- Department of Obstetrics, The Third Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410013, PR China
| | - Jianjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Jinfang Zou
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Xi Liang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Huan Liu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Ying Chen
- Central Lab, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
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21
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Parlapani E, Agakidis C, Karagiozoglou-Lampoudi T, Sarafidis K, Agakidou E, Athanasiadis A, Diamanti E. The Mediterranean diet adherence by pregnant women delivering prematurely: association with size at birth and complications of prematurity. J Matern Fetal Neonatal Med 2017; 32:1084-1091. [PMID: 29082786 DOI: 10.1080/14767058.2017.1399120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Background: The Mediterranean diet (MD) is associated with decreased risk of metabolic syndrome and gestational diabetes due to the anti-inflammatory and antioxidative properties of its components. The aim was to investigate the potential association of MD adherence (MDA) during pregnancy by mothers delivering prematurely, with intrauterine growth as expressed by neonates' anthropometry at birth and complications of prematurity. Participants and methods: This is a single-center, prospective, observational cohort study of 82 women who delivered preterm singletons at post conceptional age (PCA) ≤ 34 weeks and their live-born neonates. Maternal and neonatal demographic and clinical data were recorded. All mothers filled in a food frequency questionnaire, and the MDA score was calculated. Based on 50th centile of MD score, participants were classified into high-MDA and low-MDA groups. Results: The low-MDA mothers had significantly higher pregestational BMI and rates of overweight/obesity (odd ratios (OR) 3.5) and gestational hypertension/preeclampsia (OR 3.8). Neonates in the low-MDA group had significantly higher incidence of intrauterine growth restriction (IUGR) (OR 3.3) and lower z-scores of birth weight and BMI. Regarding prematurity-related complications, the low MDA-group was more likely to develop necrotizing enterocolitis, bronchopulmonary dysplasia, and retinopathy of prematurity (OR 3.2, 1.3, and 1.6, respectively), while they were less likely to develop respiratory distress syndrome (OR 0.49), although the differences were not statistically significant. However, adjustment for confounders revealed MDA as a significant independent predictor of hypertension/preeclampsia, IUGR, birth weight z-score, necrotizing enterocolitis, and bronchopulmonary dysplasia. Conclusions: High MDA during pregnancy may favorably affect intrauterine growth and certain acute and chronic complications of prematurity as well as maternal hypertension/preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elisavet Parlapani
- a 1st Department of Neonatology & NICU, Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece.,b Clinical Nutrition Laboratory , Technological Education Institute of Thessaloniki , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Charalampos Agakidis
- a 1st Department of Neonatology & NICU, Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece.,c 1st Department of Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | | | - Kosmas Sarafidis
- a 1st Department of Neonatology & NICU, Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Eleni Agakidou
- a 1st Department of Neonatology & NICU, Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Apostolos Athanasiadis
- d 3rd Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
| | - Elisavet Diamanti
- a 1st Department of Neonatology & NICU, Nutrition/Dietetics Department, Faculty of Medicine , Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Ippokrateion Hospital , Thessaloniki , Greece
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22
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Morales-Prieto N, Abril N. REDOX proteomics reveals energy metabolism alterations in the liver of M. spretus mice exposed to p, p'-DDE. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 186:848-863. [PMID: 28826133 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.08.057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2017] [Revised: 07/27/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
The toxicity induced by the pesticide 2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1,-trichloroethane (DDT) and its derivative 1,1-dichloro-2,2-bis(p-chlorophenyl)ethylene (p,p'-DDE) has been associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation and respiratory chain electron transport, intracellular ion imbalance, generation of reactive oxygen species and impairment of the antioxidant defense system. A disruption in the cellular redox status causes protein Cys-based regulatory shifts that influence the activity of many proteins and trigger signal transduction alterations. Here, we analyzed the ability of p,p'-DDE to alter the activities of hepatic antioxidants and glycolytic enzymes to investigate the oxidative stress generation in the liver of p,p'-DDE-fed M. spretus mice. We also determined the consequences of the treatment on the redox status in the thiol Cys groups. The data indicate that the liver of p,p'-DDE exposed mice lacks certain protective enzymes, and p,p'-DDE caused a metabolic reprogramming that increased the glycolytic rate and disturbed the metabolism of lipids. Our results suggested that the overall metabolism of the liver was altered because important signaling pathways are controlled by p,p'-DDE-deregulated proteins. The histological data support the proposed metabolic consequences of the p,p'-DDE exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noelia Morales-Prieto
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, España, Spain
| | - Nieves Abril
- Departamento de Bioquímica y Biología Molecular, Campus de Excelencia Internacional Agroalimentario CeiA3, Universidad de Córdoba, Campus de Rabanales, Edificio Severo Ochoa, E-14071, Córdoba, España, Spain.
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23
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Gu Y, Feng Y, Yu J, Yuan H, Yin Y, Ding J, Zhao J, Xu Y, Xu J, Che H. Fasudil attenuates soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1)-induced hypertension in pregnant mice through RhoA/ROCK pathway. Oncotarget 2017; 8:104104-104112. [PMID: 29262624 PMCID: PMC5732790 DOI: 10.18632/oncotarget.22017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/23/2017] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Preeclampsia (PE) has become the leading cause of maternal and fetal morbidity and mortality in the world, which is characterized by a systemic maternal inflammatory response associated with endothelial dysfunction, hypertension, and proteinuria. The development of PE is still barely predictable and thus challenging to prevent and manage clinically. Fasudil (FSD), the first-generation Rho/ROCK inhibitor, has been studied widely and applied in clinical practice with high safety and efficacy in treating hypertension and other cardiovascular diseases. However, few studies have focused on the effect of fasudil on preeclampsia in vivo and in vitro. Therefore, the aim of this study is to investigate the effects of fasudil on hypoxia/reoxygenation injury in vitro and its role on preeclamptic animal model. Here, we found that RhoA/ROCK pathway was significantly activated in H/R-challenged endothelial cells and in placenta and umbilical vessel of PE mice. And fasudil pre-treatment can protect vascular endothelial cells from H/R-induced apoptosis. In addition, inhibition of RhoA/ROCK pathway with fasudil can reduce the high blood pressure and urine protein levels as well as the concentration of s-Flt in peripheral and umbilical blood in a dose-dependent manner, thus resulting in prevention of the development of PE. Thus, Fasudil attenuates soluble fms-like tyrosine kinase-1 (sFlt-1)-induced hypertension in pregnant mice through RhoA/ROCK pathway, which would become a potential strategy for PE therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ying Gu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Yaling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Jinjin Yu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University (Wuxi Fourth People's Hospital), Wuxi, Jiangsu 214062, PR China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Yongxiang Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Jun Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Yaohui Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Jianjuan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
| | - Haisha Che
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Maternal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214002, PR China
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Irtegun S, Akcora-Yıldız D, Pektanc G, Karabulut C. Deregulation of c-Src tyrosine kinase and its downstream targets in pre-eclamptic placenta. J Obstet Gynaecol Res 2017; 43:1278-1284. [DOI: 10.1111/jog.13350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2016] [Revised: 02/13/2017] [Accepted: 03/12/2017] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sevgi Irtegun
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
| | - Dilara Akcora-Yıldız
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science and Arts; Mehmet Akif Ersoy University; Burdur Turkey
| | - Gulsum Pektanc
- Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine; Dicle University; Diyarbakır Turkey
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Auger N, Rhéaume MA, Paradis G, Healy-Profitós J, Hsieh A, Fraser WD. Preeclampsia and the risk of cataract extraction in life. Am J Obstet Gynecol 2017; 216:417.e1-417.e8. [PMID: 27899314 DOI: 10.1016/j.ajog.2016.11.1043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2016] [Revised: 11/15/2016] [Accepted: 11/21/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pregnancy-related risk factors for cataract are understudied, including the possibility that preeclampsia increases the risk of cataract later in life. OBJECTIVE We sought to evaluate the long-term risk of cataract extraction following a preeclamptic pregnancy. STUDY DESIGN We carried out a historic cohort study of 1,108,541 women who delivered at least 1 infant in any hospital in the province of Quebec, Canada, from 1989 through 2013, including 64,350 with preeclampsia and 5732 with cataract extractions. We categorized preeclampsia by onset time and severity, and followed up women for up to 25 years after delivery. We calculated the incidence of inpatient cataract extraction for women with and without preeclampsia, and used Cox proportional hazard models to estimate hazard ratios and 95% confidence intervals for later risk of cataract extraction, adjusting for age at first delivery, total parity, metabolic disease, asthma, socioeconomic deprivation, and time period. RESULTS Women with preeclampsia had a higher incidence of cataract extraction compared with no preeclampsia (21.0 vs 15.9/1000) and 1.20 times the risk (95% confidence interval, 1.08-1.34). Women with early-onset preeclampsia had 1.51 times the risk of cataract extraction compared with no preeclampsia (95% confidence interval, 1.14-2.00), whereas women with late-onset preeclampsia had 1.16 times the risk (95% confidence interval, 1.04-1.30). Risk was elevated by about 20% for both severe and mild preeclampsia. Preeclampsia with diabetes was associated with significantly greater risk (hazard ratio, 4.32; 95% confidence interval, 3.60-5.19). CONCLUSION Women with preeclampsia, particularly preeclampsia of early onset or with diabetes, may have greater risk of cataract later in life. The underlying pathways linking preeclampsia with cataract require further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Auger
- Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Marc-André Rhéaume
- Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Ophthalmology, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gilles Paradis
- Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Department of Epidemiology, Biostatistics, and Occupational Health, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Jessica Healy-Profitós
- Hospital Research Center, University of Montreal, Montreal, Quebec, Canada; Institut national de santé publique du Québec, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - Ada Hsieh
- Faculty of Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada
| | - William D Fraser
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Sherbrooke University Hospital Research Center, Sherbrooke, Quebec, Canada
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Feng YL, Yin YX, Ding J, Yuan H, Yang L, Xu JJ, Hu LQ. Alpha-1-antitrypsin suppresses oxidative stress in preeclampsia by inhibiting the p38MAPK signaling pathway: An in vivo and in vitro study. PLoS One 2017; 12:e0173711. [PMID: 28358847 PMCID: PMC5373516 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0173711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2016] [Accepted: 02/24/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This present study was designed to investigate the effects of alpha-1-antitrypsin (AAT) on oxidative stress in preeclampsia (PE) by regulating p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38MAPK) signaling pathway. HTR8/SVneo cells were randomly assigned into normal, hypoxia/reoxygenation (H/R), HR + AAT and HR + siRNA-AAT groups. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) and Western blotting were used to detect the mRNA and protein expressions of p-p38MAPK, AAT, signal transducer and activator of transcription 1 (STAT1) and activating transcription factor2 (ATF2). Flow cytometry, scratch test, cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and the 3-(4,5)-dimethylthiazol (-z-y1)-3,5-di- phenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay were conducted to detect reactive oxygen species (ROS) and cell apoptosis, cell migration, proliferation and cytotoxicity, respectively. Mouse models in PE were established, which were divided into normal pregnancy (NP), PE and PE + AAT groups with blood pressure and urine protein measured. Chromatin immunoprecipitation (ChIP) and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) were conducted to detect the activity of oxidative stress-related kinases and expressions of inflammatory cytokines and coagulation-related factors in cells and mice placenta. Immunohistochemistry, Western blotting and terminal deoxynucleotidyl transferase-mediated dUTP nick end labeling (TUNEL) assay were performed to detect AAT and p38MAPK expressions, apoptosis-related protein expressions, and apoptosis rate in mice placenta. Compared with the normal group, the H/R group had decreased expression of AAT, activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and GSH-Px, cell proliferation and migration, but increased p38MAPK, STAT1, ATF2, MDA, H2O2, inflammatory cytokines, coagulation-related factors, cell cytotoxicity, ROS, apoptotic factors and apoptosis rate. Compared with the H/R group, the HR + ATT group had increased expressions of AAT, activity of SOD and GSH-Px, cell proliferation and migration but decreased p38MAPK, STAT1, ATF2, malonyldialdehyde (MDA), H2O2, inflammatory cytokines and coagulation-related factors, cell cytotoxicity, ROS, apoptotic factors and apoptosis rate, while opposite results were observed in the HR + siRNA-ATT group. Compared with the NP group, the PE group had decreased activity of SOD and GSH-Px but increased MDA, H2O2, AAT, p38MAPK, inflammatory cytokines, coagulation-related factors and apoptosis rate. The indexes in the PE + AAT group were between the NP and PE groups. Thus, we concluded that AAT suppressed oxidative stress in PE by inhibiting p38MAPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ya-Ling Feng
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YLF); (LQH)
| | - Yong-Xiang Yin
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Maternity and Child Health Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Jian Ding
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Hua Yuan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Lan Yang
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Jian-Juan Xu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
| | - Ling-Qin Hu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Wuxi Matemal and Child Health Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, P.R. China
- * E-mail: (YLF); (LQH)
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Bayat F, Akbari SAA, Dabirioskoei A, Nasiri M, Mellati A. The Relationship Between Blood Lead Level and Preeclampsia. Electron Physician 2016; 8:3450-3455. [PMID: 28163864 PMCID: PMC5279982 DOI: 10.19082/3450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2016] [Accepted: 09/18/2016] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Introduction Lead is a heavy metal to which people are commonly exposed. One of the possible mechanisms of tissue damages caused by this toxic metal is oxidative stress, which in turn may cause numerous pregnancy complications such as preeclampsia. The present study was conducted to determine the relationship between maternal Blood Lead Level (BLL) and preeclampsia. Methods The present case-control study was conducted on 158 pregnant women admitted to a hospital in Zanjan, Iran, from August 2015 to March 2016. To measure their BLL, 1.5 cc of blood was drawn from each participant. The demographic and obstetric details of the patients were recorded in a form. The potentiometric method was used to test the samples. The data obtained were analyzed by SPSS version 22, using Mann-Whitney U test, the Chi square, independent-samples t-test, Pearson product-moment correlation, and simple linear regression analysis. Results The mean BLL was 6.24±1.74 μg/dl in the control group and 8.04±3.4 μg/dl in the preeclampsia group. The two groups were matching in terms of the mother’s age and education and the household income. A significant relationship was observed between BLL and preeclampsia (p=0.028), as per every unit of increase (1 μg/dl) in BLL, systolic blood pressure increased by 0.014 mm Hg and diastolic blood pressure by 0.013 mm Hg (p=0.004). Conclusion The results obtained suggest a relationship between BLL and preeclampsia. Global health measures should be taken to remove the exposure to lead so as to reduce its absorption by pregnant women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Bayat
- M.Sc. of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Sedigheh Amir Ali Akbari
- M.Sc. of Midwifery, Department of Midwifery, Faculty of Midwifery and Nursing School, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Atousa Dabirioskoei
- M.D., Gynecologist, Associate Professor, Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Mousavi Hospital, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Malihe Nasiri
- Ph.D. in Biostatics, Associate Professor, Department of Basic Sciences, Faculty of Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Aliosat Mellati
- Ph.D. in Biochemistry, Professor, Metabolic Research Center and Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Abstract
INTRODUCTION Preeclampsia is a major pregnancy disease, explained partly by genetic predispositions. STOX1, a transcription factor discovered in 2005, was the first gene directly associated with genetic forms of the disease. Alterations of STOX1 expression as well as STOX1 variants have also been associated to Alzheimer's disease. These observations make of this gene a putative therapeutic target. Area covered: Two major isoforms (STOX1A and STOX1B) are encoded by the gene and are theoretically able to compete for the same binding site, while only the most complete (STOX1A) is supposed to be able to activate gene expression. This makes the ratio between STOX1A and STOX1B as well as their position inside the cell (nucleus or cytoplasm) crucial to understand how STOX1 functions. STOX1 appears to have multiple gene targets, especially in pathways connected to inflammation, oxidative stress, and cell cycle. Expert opinion: STOX1-directed therapies, could be directed either towards its targets (genes or pathways), or directly at STOX1. For this the addressing of STOX1 to various cell compartments could theoretically be modified; also it could be possible of altering the balance between the two isoforms, through selectively inhibiting one of them, possibly improving the outcomes in severe preeclampsia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Vaiman
- a Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer , Institut Cochin , Paris , France
| | - Francisco Miralles
- a Department of Development, Reproduction and Cancer , Institut Cochin , Paris , France
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Baranovski BM, Ozeri E, Shahaf G, Ochayon DE, Schuster R, Bahar N, Kalay N, Cal P, Mizrahi MI, Nisim O, Strauss P, Schenker E, Lewis EC. Exploration of α1-antitrypsin treatment protocol for islet transplantation: dosing plan and route of administration. J Pharmacol Exp Ther 2016; 359:482-490. [PMID: 27821710 PMCID: PMC5118642 DOI: 10.1124/jpet.116.236067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/25/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 09/15/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Lifelong weekly infusions of human α1-antitrypsin (hAAT) are currently administered as augmentation therapy for patients with genetic AAT deficiency (AATD). Several recent clinical trials attempt to extend hAAT therapy to conditions outside AATD, including type 1 diabetes. Because the endpoint for AATD is primarily the reduction of risk for pulmonary emphysema, the present study explores hAAT dose protocols and routes of administration in attempt to optimize hAAT therapy for islet-related injury. Islet-grafted mice were treated with hAAT (Glassia; intraperitoneally or subcutaneously) under an array of clinically relevant dosing plans. Serum hAAT and immunocyte cell membrane association were examined, as well as parameters of islet survival. Results indicate that dividing the commonly prescribed 60 mg/kg i.p. dose to three 20 mg/kg injections is superior in affording islet graft survival; in addition, a short dynamic descending dose protocol (240→120→60→60 mg/kg i.p.) is comparable in outcomes to indefinite 60 mg/kg injections. Although pharmacokinetics after intraperitoneal administration in mice resembles exogenous hAAT treatment in humans, subcutaneous administration better imitated the physiologic progressive rise of hAAT during acute phase responses; nonetheless, only the 60 mg/kg dose depicted an advantage using the subcutaneous route. Taken together, this study provides a platform for extrapolating an islet-relevant clinical protocol from animal models that use hAAT to protect islets. In addition, the study places emphasis on outcome-oriented analyses of drug efficacy, particularly important when considering that hAAT is presently at an era of drug-repurposing toward an extended list of clinical indications outside genetic AATD.
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