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Ravic M, Srejovic I, Novakovic J, Andjic M, Sretenovic J, Muric M, Nikolic M, Bolevich S, Alekseevich Kasabov K, Petrovich Fisenko V, Stojanovic A, Jakovljevic V. Effect of GLP-1 Receptor Agonist on Ischemia Reperfusion Injury in Rats with Metabolic Syndrome. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:525. [PMID: 38675485 PMCID: PMC11053642 DOI: 10.3390/ph17040525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2024] [Revised: 04/14/2024] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024] Open
Abstract
Metabolic syndrome (MetS) represents an important factor that increases the risk of myocardial infarction, and more severe complications. Glucagon Like Peptide-1 Receptor Agonists (GLP-1RAs) exhibit cardioprotective potential, but their efficacy in MetS-related myocardial dysfunction has not been fully explored. Therefore, we aimed to assess the effects of exenatide and dulaglutide on heart function and redox balance in MetS-induced rats. Twenty-four Wistar albino rats with induced MetS were divided into three groups: MetS, exenatide-treated (5 µg/kg), dulaglutide-treated (0.6 mg/kg). After 6 weeks of treatment, in vivo heart function was assessed via echocardiography, while ex vivo function was evaluated using a Langendorff apparatus to simulate ischemia-reperfusion injury. Heart tissue samples were analyzed histologically, and oxidative stress biomarkers were measured spectrophotometrically from the coronary venous effluent. Both exenatide and dulaglutide significantly improved the ejection fraction by 3% and 7%, respectively, compared to the MetS group. Histological analyses corroborated these findings, revealing a reduction in the cross-sectional area of cardiomyocytes by 11% in the exenatide and 18% in the dulaglutide group, indicating reduced myocardial damage in GLP-1RA-treated rats. Our findings suggest strong cardioprotective potential of GLP-1RAs in MetS, with dulaglutide showing a slight advantage. Thus, both exenatide and dulaglutide are potentially promising targets for cardioprotection and reducing mortality in MetS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marko Ravic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Ivan Srejovic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Jovana Novakovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Marijana Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Jasmina Sretenovic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Maja Muric
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Nikolic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Kirill Alekseevich Kasabov
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Vladimir Petrovich Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (K.A.K.); (V.P.F.)
| | - Aleksandra Stojanovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.R.); (J.N.); (M.A.)
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Center of Excellence for the Study of Redox Balance in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (I.S.); (J.S.); (M.M.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, First Moscow State Medical University I.M. Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Glisic M, Nikolic Turnic T, Zivkovic V, Pindovic B, Chichkova NV, Fisenko VP, Nikolic M, Stijak L, Yurievna LE, Veselinovic M, Jovicic M, Mihajlovic K, Bolevich S, Jakovljevic V. The Enhanced Effects of Swimming and Running Preconditioning in an Experimental Model of Myocardial Ischemia/Reperfusion Injury. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1995. [PMID: 38004044 PMCID: PMC10673439 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59111995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2023] [Revised: 10/23/2023] [Accepted: 11/06/2023] [Indexed: 11/26/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: This study was conducted to examine the influence of different swimming and running protocols as forms of physiological preconditioning on an isolated rat heart's ischemia/reperfusion injury. Materials and Methods: This study was conducted on 60 male Wistar albino rats (6 weeks old, bw: 200 ± 20 g), divided into: CTRL group-a sedentary control group; sAeT-a group that underwent aerobic swimming conditioning using a swimming protocol for 8 weeks; sAnT-a group that underwent anaerobic swimming conditioning; rAeT-a group that underwent aerobic running conditioning; and rAnT-a group that underwent anaerobic running conditioning. After the preconditioning protocols, ex vivo estimating of myocardial function according to the Langendorff technique was performed. Results: The anaerobic running training decreased heart rate and the anaerobic swimming training reduced coronary flow, demonstrating the difference in the physiological heart response of aerobic/anaerobic physical training (p < 0.05). Heart rate was significantly reduced in both training swimming groups after a period of ischemia (p < 0.05). On the other hand, the anaerobic running protocol induced a significantly decreased heart rate in comparison with the aerobic running group and the sedentary group (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The data from this experimental study support many protective training effects, i.e., improved contractility, improved resting heart rate, and increased physical work capacity and exercise tolerance. Physical training in the form of anaerobic running induces greater heart preconditioning for reperfusion injury in comparison with anaerobic swimming training.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milos Glisic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (V.Z.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Tamara Nikolic Turnic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.P.); (K.M.)
- N.A. Semashko Public Health and Healthcare Department, F.F. Erismann Institute of Public Health, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University), 119435 Moscow, Russia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (V.Z.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Bozidar Pindovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.P.); (K.M.)
| | | | - Vladimir Petrovich Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Marina Nikolic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (V.Z.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
| | - Lazar Stijak
- Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine University in Belgrade, Dr Subotica 4/II., 11000 Belgrade, Serbia;
| | - Lemina Elena Yurievna
- 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Mirjana Veselinovic
- Department of Internal Medicine, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
- Clinic for Rheumatology and Allergology, University Clinical Center, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milena Jovicic
- Department of Communication Skills, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia;
| | - Katarina Mihajlovic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (B.P.); (K.M.)
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica 69, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia; (M.G.); (V.Z.); (M.N.); (V.J.)
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, 1st Moscow State Medical, University IM Sechenov, Trubetskaya Street 8, Str. 2, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
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Prokic VZ, Rankovic MR, Draginic ND, Andjic MM, Sretenovic JZ, Zivkovic VI, Jeremic JN, Milinkovic MV, Bolevich S, Jakovljevic VLJ, Pantovic SB. Guanidinoacetic acid provides superior cardioprotection to its combined use with betaine and (or) creatine in HIIT-trained rats. Can J Physiol Pharmacol 2022; 100:772-786. [PMID: 35894232 DOI: 10.1139/cjpp-2021-0801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine how guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) or its combined administration with betaine (B) or creatine (C) influences the cardiac function, morphometric parameters, and redox status of rats subjected to high-intensity interval training (HIIT). This research was conducted on male Wistar albino rats exposed to HIIT for 4 weeks. The animals were randomly divided into five groups: HIIT, HIIT + GAA, HIIT + GAA + C, HIIT + GAA + B, and HIIT + GAA + C + B. After completing the training protocol, GAA (300 mg/kg), C (280 mg/kg), and B (300 mg/kg) were applied daily per os for 4 weeks. GAA supplementation in combination with HIIT significantly decreased the level of both systemic and cardiac prooxidants ( O 2 - , H2O2, NO 2 - , and thiobarbituric acid reactive substances) compared with nontreated HIIT (p < 0.05). Also, GAA treatment led to an increase in glutathione and superoxide dismutase levels. None of the treatment regimens altered cardiac function. A larger degree of cardiomyocyte hypertrophy was observed in the HIIT + GAA group, which was reflected through an increase of the cross-sectional area of 27% (p < 0.05) and that of the left ventricle wall thickness of 27% (p < 0.05). Since we showed that GAA in combination with HIIT may ameliorate oxidative stress and does not alter cardiac function, the present study is a basis for future research exploring the mechanisms of cardioprotection induced by this supplement in an HIIT scenario.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veljko Z Prokic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina R Rankovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nevena D Draginic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Marijana M Andjic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Z Sretenovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir I Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana N Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Milica V Milinkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir L J Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia.,Department of Human Pathology, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Suzana B Pantovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, Kragujevac, Serbia
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Sobot NM, Sobot TS, Jeremic JN, Bolevich SB, Bolevich SS, Mitrovic SL, Fisenko VP, Inic SG, Samanovic ADM, Rankovic MR, Srejovic IM, Zivkovic VI, Jakovljevic VL. Minocycline as heart conditioning agent in experimental type 2 diabetes mellitus - an antibacterial drug in heart protection. Naunyn Schmiedebergs Arch Pharmacol 2022; 395:429-444. [PMID: 35113200 DOI: 10.1007/s00210-021-02179-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2021] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases, and among them certainly myocardial infarction, remain leading cause of death worldwide. Diabetes increases risk of occurrence as well as adverse outcome of myocardial infarction. Conditioning maneuvers are the most attractive method for alleviating both the consequences of ischemia and reperfusion. Minocycline is a tetracycline derivative which exerts antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects. The aim of this study was to assess the protective ability of preconditioning and postconditioning of isolated hearts from healthy and rats with experimentally induced type 2 diabetes with minocycline on functional recovery and redox status after ischemia and reperfusion. The hearts from healthy and diabetic rats were excised and retrogradely perfused according to the Langendorff technique. Using sensor in the left ventricle, the cardiodynamic parameters were recorded and in the samples of the coronary venous effluent oxidative stress biomarkers were analyzed. Minocycline was injected directly into the coronary vessels, in preconditioning 5 min before global ischemia, and in postconditioning during the first 5 min of reperfusion. Results of this study clearly show beneficial effects of minocycline applied both before ischemia and in the first minutes of reperfusion fashion in both healthy and diabetic rat hearts. The most prominent protective effect regarding oxidative stress is related to the decreased production of superoxide anion radical due postconditioning with minocycline in diabetic hearts. Cardiodynamic parameters were significantly improved in minocycline conditioned groups. Superoxide anion radical stands out as the most susceptible to changes induced by minocycline.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikola M Sobot
- Clinic for Cardiac Surgery, University Clinical Centre of the Republic of Srpska, Dvanaest beba st. bb, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Tanja S Sobot
- Department of Physiology, University of Banja Luka, Save Mrkalja st. 14, 78000, Banja Luka, Bosnia and Herzegovina
| | - Jovana N Jeremic
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Sergey B Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Stefani S Bolevich
- Department of Pathophysiology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Slobodanka Lj Mitrovic
- Department of Pathology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir P Fisenko
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - Sofija G Inic
- University of Pristina With Temporary Headquarters in Kosovksa Mitrovica Anri Dinana St. Bb, 38220, Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | | | - Marina R Rankovic
- Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Ivan M Srejovic
- Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir I Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Lj Jakovljevic
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University (Sechenov University, Trubetskaya st. 8, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
- Department of Physiology, University of Kragujevac, Svetozara Markovica st. 69, 34000, Kragujevac, Serbia.
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Fatahi A, Zarrinkalam E, Azizbeigi K, Ranjbar K. Cardioprotective effects of exercise preconditioning on ischemia-reperfusion injury and ventricular ectopy in young and senescent rats. Exp Gerontol 2022; 162:111758. [PMID: 35247502 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2022.111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Aging decreases ischemic tolerance, while exercise prevents myocardial ischemia reperfusion (IR) injury. The cardioprotective role of high intensity interval training (HIIT), however, is unknown. METHODS Accordingly, we investigated 8 weeks (5 days/week, 40 min/day) of HIIT treadmill exercise (60%/90% of VO2 peak) on IR injury in young (2-month) and senescent (20-month) Wistar rat myocardia (N = 10/group). Surgical IR (30 min/120 min) was performed via reversible left anterior descending artery ligation and ECG was analyzed to determine ventricular ectopy during IR period. RESULTS Infarction size and oxidative stress were measured in hearts post-mortem. Glutathione peroxidase activity and Myeloperoxidase levels were mitigated with age, but elevated post IR. HIIT potentiated antioxidant defenses in young and old hearts, and infarction size was lower in young HIIT trained. Metrics of reactive oxygen species were not lower after IR, and were not affected by HIIT in young or old rats. Ventricular ectopy score in senescent rats was insignificantly more than young rats and HIIT significantly decreased ventricular ectopy score in young and senescent rats. CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate that IR tolerance is mitigated in senescent hearts, while HIIT ameliorated infarction by increasing antioxidant enzymes activity in young and senescent hearts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adnan Fatahi
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Marivan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Marivan, Iran
| | - Ebrahim Zarrinkalam
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Hamedan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Hamedan, Iran
| | - Kamal Azizbeigi
- Exercise Physiology Department, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport Science, Sanandaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sanandaj, Iran
| | - Kamal Ranjbar
- Department of Physical Education and Sport Science, Bandar Abbas Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
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Zarei S, Taghian F, Sharifi G, Abedi H. Novel prevention insights into depletion of oxidative stress status through regular exercise and grape seed effective substance in heart ischemia rat model. Food Sci Nutr 2022; 10:833-845. [PMID: 35311161 PMCID: PMC8907746 DOI: 10.1002/fsn3.2714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Revised: 12/05/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Myocardial ischemia (MI) is recognized as the most frequent cardiovascular disease which is the dominant cause of global morbidity and mortality. Artificial intelligence tools and integrative data analysis revealed superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, gap junction protein α, myosin heavy chains, and zinc finger transcription factor GATA4 are engaged in oxidative stress and in cardiomyopathy. Network analysis indicated that MAPK3 might be the highest distribution property and cut point in this network, which could be a potential candidate for preventing and treating oxidative stress in heart tissue. Among antioxidant agents, grape seed extract (GSE) is an effective substance that altered antioxidant status in heart tissue. Considering drug discovery methods, we illustrated that GSE might target the MAPK3 protein with sufficient binding affinity. Moreover, we found that low- and moderate-intensity training might prevent the depletion of antioxidants after MI. GSE consumption altered the levels of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, and catalase after 14 weeks. Therefore, the interaction of low- and moderate-intensity training and GSE had a synergistic effect on the antioxidant status and relative expression of the Mapk3. Moreover, the interaction of high-intensity training and GSE had a compensatory mechanism that could scavenge reactive oxygen species and improve endogenous antioxidants and modulate the Mapk3 level in MI rats. Consequently, we displayed positive influence and synergic effects of simultaneous GSE prescription and regular physical activity for 14 weeks to prevent acute and chronic heart ischemia cardioprotective phenomenon. Furthermore, the capacitation oxidative stress and relative expression of the Mapk3 was significantly increased by GSE and regular exercise.
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Affiliation(s)
- Safar Zarei
- Department of Sports PhysiologyFaculty of sports sciencesIsfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Farzaneh Taghian
- Department of Sports PhysiologyFaculty of sports sciencesIsfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Gholamreza Sharifi
- Department of Sports PhysiologyFaculty of sports sciencesIsfahan (Khorasgan) BranchIslamic Azad UniversityIsfahanIran
| | - Hassanali Abedi
- Research Center for Noncommunicable DiseasesFaculty of MedicineJahrom University of Medical SciencesJahromIran
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