1
|
Edwards MM, Nguyen HK, Dodson AD, Herbertson AJ, Wolden-Hanson T, Wietecha T, Honeycutt MK, Slattery JD, O'Brien KD, Graham JL, Havel PJ, Mundinger TO, Sikkema C, Peskind ER, Ryu V, Taborsky GJ, Blevins JE. Sympathetic innervation of interscapular brown adipose tissue is not a predominant mediator of oxytocin-elicited reductions of body weight and adiposity in male diet-induced obese mice. BIORXIV : THE PREPRINT SERVER FOR BIOLOGY 2024:2024.05.29.596425. [PMID: 38854021 PMCID: PMC11160755 DOI: 10.1101/2024.05.29.596425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2024]
Abstract
Previous studies indicate that CNS administration of oxytocin (OT) reduces body weight in high fat diet-induced obese (DIO) rodents by reducing food intake and increasing energy expenditure (EE). We recently demonstrated that hindbrain (fourth ventricular [4V]) administration of OT elicits weight loss and elevates interscapular brown adipose tissue temperature (T IBAT , a surrogate measure of increased EE) in DIO mice. What remains unclear is whether OT-elicited weight loss requires increased sympathetic nervous system (SNS) outflow to IBAT. We hypothesized that OT-induced stimulation of SNS outflow to IBAT contributes to its ability to activate BAT and elicit weight loss in DIO mice. To test this hypothesis, we determined the effect of disrupting SNS activation of IBAT on the ability of 4V OT administration to increase T IBAT and elicit weight loss in DIO mice. We first determined whether bilateral surgical SNS denervation to IBAT was successful as noted by ≥ 60% reduction in IBAT norepinephrine (NE) content in DIO mice. NE content was selectively reduced in IBAT at 1-, 6- and 7-weeks post-denervation by 95.9±2.0, 77.4±12.7 and 93.6±4.6% ( P <0.05), respectively and was unchanged in inguinal white adipose tissue, pancreas or liver. We subsequently measured the effects of acute 4V OT (1, 5 µg ≈ 0.99, 4.96 nmol) on T IBAT in DIO mice following sham or bilateral surgical SNS denervation to IBAT. We found that the high dose of 4V OT (5 µg ≈ 4.96 nmol) elevated T IBAT similarly in sham mice as in denervated mice. We subsequently measured the effects of chronic 4V OT (16 nmol/day over 29 days) or vehicle infusions on body weight, adiposity and food intake in DIO mice following sham or bilateral surgical denervation of IBAT. Chronic 4V OT reduced body weight by 5.7±2.23% and 6.6±1.4% in sham and denervated mice ( P <0.05), respectively, and this effect was similar between groups ( P =NS). OT produced corresponding reductions in whole body fat mass ( P <0.05). Together, these findings support the hypothesis that sympathetic innervation of IBAT is not necessary for OT-elicited increases in BAT thermogenesis and reductions of body weight and adiposity in male DIO mice.
Collapse
|
2
|
Santiago-Marrero I, Liu F, Wang H, Arzola EP, Xiong WC, Mei L. Energy Expenditure Homeostasis Requires ErbB4, an Obesity Risk Gene, in the Paraventricular Nucleus. eNeuro 2023; 10:ENEURO.0139-23.2023. [PMID: 37669858 PMCID: PMC10521346 DOI: 10.1523/eneuro.0139-23.2023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2023] [Revised: 08/25/2023] [Accepted: 08/29/2023] [Indexed: 09/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Obesity affects more than a third adult population in the United States; the prevalence is even higher in patients with major depression disorders. GWAS studies identify the receptor tyrosine kinase ErbB4 as a risk gene for obesity and for major depression disorders. We found that ErbB4 was enriched in the paraventricular nucleus of the hypothalamus (PVH). To investigate its role in metabolism, we deleted ErbB4 by injecting a Cre-expressing virus into the PVH of ErbB4-floxed male mice and found that PVH ErbB4 deletion increased weight gain without altering food intake. ErbB4 PVH deletion also reduced nighttime activity and decreased intrascapular brown adipose tissue (iBAT) thermogenesis. Analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) revealed that ErbB4 PVH deletion reduced O2 consumption, CO2 production and heat generation in a manner independent of body weight. Immunostaining experiments show that ErbB4+ neurons in the PVH were positive for oxytocin (OXT); ErbB4 PVH deletion reduces serum levels of OXT. We characterized mice where ErbB4 was specifically mutated in OXT+ neurons and found reduction in energy expenditure, phenotypes similar to PVH ErbB4 deletion. Taken together, our data indicate that ErbB4 in the PVH regulates metabolism likely through regulation of OXT expressing neurons, reveal a novel function of ErbB4 and provide insight into pathophysiological mechanisms of depression-associated obesity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ivan Santiago-Marrero
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Fang Liu
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
| | - Hongsheng Wang
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Emily P Arzola
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Wen-Cheng Xiong
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
| | - Lin Mei
- Department of Neurosciences, School of Medicine, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Louis Stokes Cleveland Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Cleveland, OH 44106
- Department of Neuroscience and Regenerative Medicine, Medical College of Georgia, Augusta University, Augusta, GA 30912
- Chinese Institutes for Medical Research, Beijing 100005, China
- Capital Medical University, Beijing 100054, China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Asker M, Krieger JP, Liles A, Tinsley IC, Borner T, Maric I, Doebley S, Furst CD, Börchers S, Longo F, Bhat YR, De Jonghe BC, Hayes MR, Doyle RP, Skibicka KP. Peripherally restricted oxytocin is sufficient to reduce food intake and motivation, while CNS entry is required for locomotor and taste avoidance effects. Diabetes Obes Metab 2023; 25:856-877. [PMID: 36495318 PMCID: PMC9987651 DOI: 10.1111/dom.14937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2022] [Revised: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Oxytocin (OT) has a well-established role in reproductive behaviours; however, it recently emerged as an important regulator of energy homeostasis. In addition to central nervous system (CNS), OT is found in the plasma and OT receptors (OT-R) are found in peripheral tissues relevant to energy balance regulation. Here, we aim to determine whether peripheral OT-R activation is sufficient to alter energy intake and expenditure. METHODS AND RESULTS We first show that systemic OT potently reduced food intake and food-motivated behaviour for a high-fat reward in male and female rats. As it is plausible that peripherally, intraperitoneally (IP) injected OT crosses the blood-brain barrier (BBB) to produce some of the metabolic effects within the CNS, we screened, with a novel fluorescently labelled-OT (fAF546-OT, Roxy), for the presence of IP-injected Roxy in CNS tissue relevant to feeding control and compared such with BBB-impermeable fluorescent OT-B12 (fCy5-OT-B12; BRoxy). While Roxy did penetrate the CNS, BRoxy did not. To evaluate the behavioural and thermoregulatory impact of exclusive activation of peripheral OT-R, we generated a novel BBB-impermeable OT (OT-B12 ), with equipotent binding at OT-R in vitro. In vivo, IP-injected OT and OT-B12 were equipotent at food intake suppression in rats of both sexes, suggesting that peripheral OT acts on peripheral OT-R to reduce feeding behaviour. Importantly, OT induced a potent conditioned taste avoidance, indistinguishable from that induced by LiCl, when applied peripherally. Remarkably, and in contrast to OT, OT-B12 did not induce any conditioned taste avoidance. Limiting the CNS entry of OT also resulted in a dose-dependent reduction of emesis in male shrews. While both OT and OT-B12 proved to have similar effects on body temperature, only OT resulted in home-cage locomotor depression. CONCLUSIONS Together our data indicate that limiting systemic OT CNS penetrance preserves the anorexic effects of the peptide and reduces the clinically undesired side effects of OT: emesis, taste avoidance and locomotor depression. Thus, therapeutic targeting of peripheral OT-R may be a viable strategy to achieve appetite suppression with better patient outcomes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed Asker
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for molecular and translational medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jean-Philippe Krieger
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Amber Liles
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Ian C Tinsley
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Tito Borner
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Ivana Maric
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Sarah Doebley
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - C Daniel Furst
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Stina Börchers
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for molecular and translational medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Francesco Longo
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Yashaswini R Bhat
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Bart C De Jonghe
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Matthew R Hayes
- Department of Biobehavioral Health Sciences, University of Pennsylvania, School of Nursing, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
- Department of Psychiatry, Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Robert P Doyle
- Department of Chemistry, Syracuse University, Syracuse, New York, USA
- Departments of Medicine and Pharmacology, State University of New York, Upstate Medical University, Syracuse, New York, USA
| | - Karolina P Skibicka
- Department of Physiology/Metabolic Physiology, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Wallenberg Centre for molecular and translational medicine, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, Pennsylvania State University, University Park, Pennsylvania, USA
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Camerino C. The Long Way of Oxytocin from the Uterus to the Heart in 70 Years from Its Discovery. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24032556. [PMID: 36768879 PMCID: PMC9916674 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24032556] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Revised: 01/13/2023] [Accepted: 01/19/2023] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
The research program on oxytocin started in 1895, when Oliver and Schafer reported that a substance extracted from the pituitary gland elevates blood pressure when injected intravenously into dogs. Dale later reported that a neurohypophysial substance triggers uterine contraction, lactation, and antidiuresis. Purification of this pituitary gland extracts revealed that the vasopressor and antidiuretic activity could be attributed to vasopressin, while uterotonic and lactation activity could be attributed to oxytocin. In 1950, the amino-acid sequences of vasopressin and oxytocin were determined and chemically synthesized. Vasopressin (CYFQNCPRG-NH2) and oxytocin (CYIQNCPLG-NH2) differ by two amino acids and have a disulfide bridge between the cysteine residues at position one and six conserved in all vasopressin/oxytocin-type peptides. This characterization of oxytocin led to the Nobel Prize awarded in 1955 to Vincent du Vigneaud. Nevertheless, it was only 50 years later when the evidence that mice depleted of oxytocin or its receptor develop late-onset obesity and metabolic syndrome established that oxytocin regulates energy and metabolism. Oxytocin is anorexigenic and regulates the lean/fat mass composition in skeletal muscle. Oxytocin's effect on muscle is mediated by thermogenesis via a pathway initiated in the myocardium. Oxytocin involvement in thermogenesis and muscle contraction is linked to Prader-Willi syndrome in humans, opening exciting therapeutic avenues.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Claudia Camerino
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Human Oncology, Section of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University of Bari “Aldo Moro”, P.za G. Cesare 11, 70100 Bari, Italy;
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology “V. Erspamer”, Sapienza University of Rome, P.le Aldo Moro 5, 00185 Rome, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Gunawardana S. Brown Adipose Tissue Transplantation. Methods Mol Biol 2023; 2662:193-202. [PMID: 37076682 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3167-6_17] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
The metabolic benefits of brown adipose tissue (BAT) are well known. Increasing the BAT content and/or activity is a proposed therapeutic approach to combat metabolic disease. Activation and induction of endogenous BAT have achieved varying degrees of success in correcting obesity, insulin resistance, and cardiovascular disease, with some limitations. Transplantation of BAT from healthy donors is another approach proven safe and effective in rodent models. In diet-induced models of obesity and insulin resistance, BAT transplants prevent obesity, increase insulin sensitivity, and improve glucose homeostasis and whole-body energy metabolism. In mouse models of insulin-dependent diabetes, subcutaneous transplantation of healthy BAT produces long-term euglycemia without the need for insulin or immunosuppression. Considering the immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties of healthy BAT, transplantation may be a more effective approach to combat metabolic disease in the long term. Here we describe in detail the technique for subcutaneous BAT transplantation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhadra Gunawardana
- Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, MO, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Tsingotjidou AS. Oxytocin: A Multi-Functional Biomolecule with Potential Actions in Dysfunctional Conditions; From Animal Studies and Beyond. Biomolecules 2022; 12:1603. [PMID: 36358953 PMCID: PMC9687803 DOI: 10.3390/biom12111603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2022] [Revised: 10/20/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 10/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Oxytocin is a hormone secreted from definite neuroendocrine neurons located in specific nuclei in the hypothalamus (mainly from paraventricular and supraoptic nuclei), and its main known function is the contraction of uterine and/or mammary gland cells responsible for parturition and breastfeeding. Among the actions of the peripherally secreted oxytocin is the prevention of different degenerative disorders. These actions have been proven in cell culture and in animal models or have been tested in humans based on hypotheses from previous studies. This review presents the knowledge gained from the previous studies, displays the results from oxytocin intervention and/or treatment and proposes that the well described actions of oxytocin might be connected to other numerous, diverse actions of the biomolecule.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia S Tsingotjidou
- Laboratory of Anatomy, Histology and Embryology, School of Veterinary Medicine, Faculty of Health Sciences, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54 124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Olszewski PK, Noble EE, Paiva L, Ueta Y, Blevins JE. Oxytocin as a potential pharmacological tool to combat obesity. J Neuroendocrinol 2022; 34:e13106. [PMID: 35192207 PMCID: PMC9372234 DOI: 10.1111/jne.13106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Revised: 02/06/2022] [Accepted: 02/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The neuropeptide oxytocin (OT) has emerged as an important anorexigen in the regulation of food intake and energy balance. It has been shown that the release of OT and activation of hypothalamic OT neurons coincide with food ingestion. Its effects on feeding have largely been attributed to limiting meal size through interactions in key regulatory brain regions governing the homeostatic control of food intake such as the hypothalamus and hindbrain in addition to key feeding reward areas such as the nucleus accumbens and ventral tegmental area. Furthermore, the magnitude of an anorexigenic response to OT and feeding-related activation of the brain OT circuit are modified by the composition and flavor of a diet, as well as by a social context in which a meal is consumed. OT is particularly effective in reducing consumption of carbohydrates and sweet tastants. Pharmacologic, genetic, and pair-feeding studies indicate that OT-elicited weight loss cannot be fully explained by reductions of food intake and that the overall impact of OT on energy balance is also partly a result of OT-elicited changes in lipolysis, energy expenditure, and glucose regulation. Peripheral administration of OT mimics many of its effects when it is given into the central nervous system, raising the questions of whether and to what extent circulating OT acts through peripheral OT receptors to regulate energy balance. Although OT has been found to elicit weight loss in female mice, recent studies have indicated that sex and estrous cycle may impact oxytocinergic modulation of food intake. Despite the overall promising basic research data, attempts to use OT in the clinical setting to combat obesity and overeating have generated somewhat mixed results. The focus of this mini-review is to briefly summarize the role of OT in feeding and metabolism, address gaps and inconsistencies in our knowledge, and discuss some of the limitations to the potential use of chronic OT that should help guide future research on OT as a tailor-made anti-obesity therapeutic.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Pawel K Olszewski
- Faculty of Science and Engineering, University of Waikato, Waikato, New Zealand
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, College of Food, Agricultural and Natural Resource Sciences, University of Minnesota, St Paul, Minnesota, USA
- Department of Integrative Biology and Physiology, Medical School, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, Minnesota, USA
| | - Emily E Noble
- Department of Nutritional Sciences, University of Georgia, Athens, Georgia, USA
| | - Luis Paiva
- Instituto de Ciencia Animal, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias, Universidad Austral de Chile, Valdivia, Chile
| | - Yoichi Ueta
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Kitakyushu, Fukuoka, Japan
| | - James E Blevins
- Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Seattle, Washington, USA
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, Washington, USA
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Amorim MR, Foresti R, Benrahla DE, Motterlini R, Branco LGS. CORM-401, an orally active carbon monoxide-releasing molecule, increases body temperature by activating non-shivering thermogenesis in rats. Temperature (Austin) 2022; 9:310-317. [PMID: 36339088 PMCID: PMC9629103 DOI: 10.1080/23328940.2022.2061270] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Thermoregulation is critical in health and disease and is tightly controlled to maintain body temperature homeostasis. Carbon monoxide (CO), an endogenous gasotransmitter produced during heme degradation by heme oxygenases, has been suggested to play a role in body core temperature (Tb) regulation. However, a direct involvement of CO in thermoregulation has not been confirmed and its mechanism(s) of action remain largely unknown. In the present study we characterized the effects of systemic delivery of CO by administration of an orally active CO-releasing molecule (CORM-401) on Tb regulation in conscious freely moving rats. Specifically, we evaluated the main thermo effectors in rats treated with CORM-401 by assessing: (i) non-shivering thermogenesis, i.e. the increased metabolism of brown fat measured through oxygen consumption and (ii) the rate of heat loss from the tail through calculations of heat loss index. We found that oral administration of CORM-401 (30 mg/kg) resulted in augmented CO delivery into the blood circulation as evidenced a by significant increase in carbon monoxy hemoglobin levels(COHb). In addition, treatment with CORM-401 increased Tb, which was caused by an elevated non-shivering thermogenesis indicated by increased oxygen consumption without significant changes in the tail heat loss. On the other hand, CORM-401 did not affect blood pressure, but significantly decreased heart rate. In summary, the findings of the present study reveal that increased circulating CO levels lead to a rise in Tb, which could have important implications in the emerging role of CO in the modulation of energetic metabolism.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Mateus R. Amorim
- Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, The Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Roberta Foresti
- Faculty of Health, University Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | | | - Roberto Motterlini
- Faculty of Health, University Paris Est Créteil, INSERM, IMRB, Créteil, France
| | - Luiz G. S. Branco
- Dental School of Ribeirão Preto, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Niu J, Tong J, Blevins JE. Oxytocin as an Anti-obesity Treatment. Front Neurosci 2021; 15:743546. [PMID: 34720864 PMCID: PMC8549820 DOI: 10.3389/fnins.2021.743546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Obesity is a growing health concern, as it increases risk for heart disease, hypertension, type 2 diabetes, cancer, COVID-19 related hospitalizations and mortality. However, current weight loss therapies are often associated with psychiatric or cardiovascular side effects or poor tolerability that limit their long-term use. The hypothalamic neuropeptide, oxytocin (OT), mediates a wide range of physiologic actions, which include reproductive behavior, formation of prosocial behaviors and control of body weight. We and others have shown that OT circumvents leptin resistance and elicits weight loss in diet-induced obese rodents and non-human primates by reducing both food intake and increasing energy expenditure (EE). Chronic intranasal OT also elicits promising effects on weight loss in obese humans. This review evaluates the potential use of OT as a therapeutic strategy to treat obesity in rodents, non-human primates, and humans, and identifies potential mechanisms that mediate this effect.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- JingJing Niu
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - Jenny Tong
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| | - James E Blevins
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development, Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, United States.,Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA, United States
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Anekonda VT, Thompson BW, Ho JM, Roberts ZS, Edwards MM, Nguyen HK, Dodson AD, Wolden-Hanson T, Chukri DW, Herbertson AJ, Graham JL, Havel PJ, Wietecha TA, O’Brien KD, Blevins JE. Hindbrain Administration of Oxytocin Reduces Food Intake, Weight Gain and Activates Catecholamine Neurons in the Hindbrain Nucleus of the Solitary Tract in Rats. J Clin Med 2021; 10:5078. [PMID: 34768597 PMCID: PMC8584350 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10215078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Existing studies show that CNS oxytocin (OT) signaling is important in the control of energy balance, but it is unclear which neurons may contribute to these effects. Our goals were to examine (1) the dose-response effects of acute OT administration into the third (3V; forebrain) and fourth (4V; hindbrain) ventricles to assess sensitivity to OT in forebrain and hindbrain sites, (2) the extent to which chronic 4V administration of OT reduces weight gain associated with the progression of diet-induced obesity, and (3) whether nucleus tractus solitarius (NTS) catecholamine neurons are downstream targets of 4V OT. Initially, we examined the dose-response effects of 3V and 4V OT (0.04, 0.2, 1, or 5 μg). 3V and 4V OT (5 μg) suppressed 0.5-h food intake by 71.7 ± 6.0% and 60 ± 12.9%, respectively. 4V OT (0.04, 0.2, 1 μg) reduced food intake by 30.9 ± 12.9, 42.1 ± 9.4, and 56.4 ± 9.0%, respectively, whereas 3V administration of OT (1 μg) was only effective at reducing 0.5-h food intake by 38.3 ± 10.9%. We subsequently found that chronic 4V OT infusion, as with chronic 3V infusion, reduced body weight gain (specific to fat mass) and tended to reduce plasma leptin in high-fat diet (HFD)-fed rats, in part, through a reduction in energy intake. Lastly, we determined that 4V OT increased the number of hindbrain caudal NTS Fos (+) neurons (156 ± 25) relative to vehicle (12 ± 3). The 4V OT also induced Fos in tyrosine hydroxylase (TH; marker of catecholamine neurons) (+) neurons (25 ± 7%) relative to vehicle (0.8 ± 0.3%). Collectively, these findings support the hypothesis that OT within the hindbrain is effective at reducing food intake, weight gain, and adiposity and that NTS catecholamine neurons in addition to non-catecholaminergic neurons are downstream targets of CNS OT.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vishwanath T. Anekonda
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Benjamin W. Thompson
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Jacqueline M. Ho
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| | - Zachary S. Roberts
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Melise M. Edwards
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Ha K. Nguyen
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Andrew D. Dodson
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Tami Wolden-Hanson
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Daniel W. Chukri
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - Adam J. Herbertson
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
| | - James L. Graham
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (J.L.G.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Peter J. Havel
- Department of Nutrition and Department of Molecular Biosciences, School of Veterinary Medicine, University of California, Davis, CA 95616, USA; (J.L.G.); (P.J.H.)
| | - Tomasz A. Wietecha
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
| | - Kevin D. O’Brien
- UW Medicine Diabetes Institute, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98109, USA;
- Division of Cardiology, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA
| | - James E. Blevins
- VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Office of Research and Development Medical Research Service, Department of Veterans Affairs Medical Center, Seattle, WA 98108, USA; (V.T.A.); (B.W.T.); (J.M.H.); (Z.S.R.); (M.M.E.); (H.K.N.); (A.D.D.); (T.W.-H.); (D.W.C.); (A.J.H.)
- Division of Metabolism, Endocrinology and Nutrition, Department of Medicine, University of Washington School of Medicine, Seattle, WA 98195, USA;
| |
Collapse
|