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Thorne SJ, Maathuis FJM. Reducing potassium deficiency by using sodium fertilisation. STRESS BIOLOGY 2022; 2:45. [PMID: 37676370 PMCID: PMC10441835 DOI: 10.1007/s44154-022-00070-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/21/2022] [Indexed: 09/08/2023]
Abstract
Potassium (K) is the most abundant cation in the vast majority of plants. It is required in large quantities which, in an agronomic context, typically necessitates application of K in the form of potash or other K fertilisers. Recently, the price of K fertiliser has risen dramatically, a situation that is paralleled by increasing K deficiency of soils around the globe. A potential solution to this problem is to reduce crop K fertiliser dependency by replacing it with sodium (Na) fertiliser which carries a much smaller price tag. In this paper we discuss the physiological roles of K and Na and the implications of Na fertilisation for crop cultivation and soil management. By using greenhouse growth assays we show distinct growth promotion after Na fertilisation in wheat, tomato, oilseed and sorghum. Our results also show that up to 60% of tissue K can be substituted by Na without growth penalty. Based on these data, simple economic models suggest that (part) replacement of K fertiliser with Na fertiliser leads to considerable savings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah J. Thorne
- Department of Biology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, S10 2TN UK
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Nutrient Homeostasis of Aegilops Accessions Differing in B Tolerance Level under Boron Toxic Growth Conditions. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11081094. [PMID: 35892950 PMCID: PMC9331359 DOI: 10.3390/biology11081094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Boron (B) is a crucial microelement for several biological processes in plants; however, it becomes hazardous when present in excess in the soil. B toxicity adversely affects the wheat yield all around the world, particularly in the arid and semiarid regions. Aegilops, the nearest wild wheat relatives, could be an efficient source to develop B toxicity tolerance in modern cultivars. However, to potentially utilize these species, it is necessary to understand the underlying mechanisms that are involved in providing them tolerance. Other than hampering cellular and physiological activities, high B inhibits the uptake of nutrients in wheat plants that lead to nutrients deficiency causing a hindered growth. Thus, it is crucial to determine the effect of B toxicity on nutrient uptake and finally, to understand the role of nutrient homeostasis in developing the adaptive mechanism in tolerant species. Unfortunately, none of the studies to date has explored the effect of high B supply on the nutrient uptake in B toxicity tolerant wild wheat species. In this study, we explored the effect of 1 mM B (toxic B), and 10 mM B (very toxic B) B on the nutrient uptake in 19 Aegilops genotypes differing in B tolerance in contrast to Bolal 2973, the familiar B tolerant genotype. The obtained outcomes suggested a significant association between the B toxicity tolerance and the level of nutrient uptake in different genotypes. The B toxicity tolerant genotypes, Ab2 (TGB 026219, A. biuncialis genotype) and Ac4 (TGB 000107, A. columnaris genotype) were clustered together in the nutrient homeostasis-based heat map. Though B toxicity mostly had an inhibitory effect on the uptake of nutrients in root-shoot tissues, the tolerant genotypes revealed an increase in nutrient uptake under B toxicity in contrast with Control. The study directs towards future research where the role of external supply of few nutrients in enhancing the B toxicity tolerance of susceptible genotypes can be studied. Moreover, the genotype-dependent variation in the nutrient profile of the studied Aegilops genotypes under high B suggested that increasing number of Aegilops germplasm should be screened for B toxicity tolerance for their successful inclusion in the pre-breeding programs focusing on this issue.
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Ochiai K, Oba K, Oda K, Miyamoto T, Matoh T. Effects of improved sodium uptake ability on grain yields of rice plants under low potassium supply. PLANT DIRECT 2022; 6:e387. [PMID: 35434473 PMCID: PMC9004247 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/23/2022] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sodium uptake is a factor that determines potassium use efficiency in plants as sodium can partially replace potassium in plant cells. Rice (Oryza sativa) roots usually exclude sodium but actively take it up when the plant is deficient in potassium. In rice roots, a sodium transporter OsHKT2;1 mediates active sodium uptake. We previously revealed that variation in the expression of OsHKT2;1 underlies the variation in sodium accumulation between a low-sodium-accumulating indica cultivar, IR64, and a high-sodium-accumulating japonica cultivar, Koshihikari. In the present study, we evaluated IR64 and its near-isogenic line IR64-K carrying OsHKT2;1 and neighboring genes inherited from Koshihikari for grain yield. IR64-K had a greater average grain yield and harvest index than IR64 in a pot culture experiment with three levels of potassium fertilizer. The differences were most significant under treatment without the potassium fertilizer. IR64-K also showed a slightly higher grain yield than IR64 when grown in a paddy field without applying the potassium fertilizer. These results suggest that enhanced sodium uptake ability improves the grain yield of rice plants under low-potassium-input conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kumiko Ochiai
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kousuke Oba
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Kanoko Oda
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
| | - Takuji Miyamoto
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Present address:
Sakeology CenterNiigata UniversityNiigataJapan
| | - Toru Matoh
- Graduate School of AgricultureKyoto UniversityKyotoJapan
- Kyoto Agriculture Research Institute (Kyoto Nogyo no Kenkyusho)KyotoJapan
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Doungous O, Al-Khayri JM, Kouassi MK. Sodium Toxicity: Should NaOH Be Substituted by KOH in Plant Tissue Culture? FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 13:829768. [PMID: 35185995 PMCID: PMC8855118 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2022.829768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Oumar Doungous
- The Central and West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Biotechnology Laboratory, Ekona Regional Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development, Yaoundé, Cameroon
| | - Jameel M. Al-Khayri
- Department of Agricultural Biotechnology, College of Agriculture and Food Sciences, King Faisal University, Al-Ahsa, Saudi Arabia
| | - Modeste Kan Kouassi
- The Central and West African Virus Epidemiology (WAVE), Plant Tissue Culture Laboratory, Pôle Scientifique et d'Innovation de Bingerville, Université Félix Houphouët-Boigny, Abidjan, Côte d'Ivoire
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Mateus NDS, Florentino AL, Santos EF, Ferraz ADV, Goncalves JLDM, Lavres J. Partial Substitution of K by Na Alleviates Drought Stress and Increases Water Use Efficiency in Eucalyptus Species Seedlings. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:632342. [PMID: 33790923 PMCID: PMC8005639 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.632342] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2020] [Accepted: 01/28/2021] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Eucalyptus, the most widely planted tree genus worldwide, is frequently cultivated in soils with low water and nutrient availability. Sodium (Na) can substitute some physiological functions of potassium (K), directly influencing plants' water status. However, the extent to which K can be replaced by Na in drought conditions remains poorly understood. A greenhouse experiment was conducted with three Eucalyptus genotypes under two water conditions (well-watered and water-stressed) and five combination rates of K and Na, representing substitutions of 0/100, 25/75, 50/50, 75/25, and 100/0 (percentage of Na/percentage of K), to investigate growth and photosynthesis-related parameters. This study focused on the positive effects of Na supply since, depending on the levels applied, the Na supply may induce plants to salinity stress (>100 mM of NaCl). Plants supplied with low to intermediate K replacement by Na reduced the critical level of K without showing symptoms of K deficiency and provided higher total dry matter (TDM) than those Eucalyptus seedlings supplied only with K in both water conditions. Those plants supplied with low to intermediate K replacement by Na had improved CO2 assimilation (A), stomatal density (Std), K use efficiency (UE K ), and water use efficiency (WUE), in addition to reduced leaf water potential (Ψw) and maintenance of leaf turgidity, with the stomata partially closed, indicated by the higher values of leaf carbon isotope composition (δ13C‰). Meanwhile, combination rates higher than 50% of K replacement by Na led to K-deficient plants, characterized by the lower values of TDM, δ13C‰, WUE, and leaf K concentration and higher leaf Na concentration. There was positive evidence of partial replacement of K by Na in Eucalyptus seedlings; meanwhile, the ideal percentage of substitution increased according to the drought tolerance of the species (Eucalyptus saligna < Eucalyptus urophylla < Eucalyptus camaldulensis).
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Affiliation(s)
- Nikolas de Souza Mateus
- Stable Isotope Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Nikolas de Souza Mateus,
| | - Antônio Leite Florentino
- Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | | | | | - José Leonardo de Moraes Goncalves
- Applied Ecology Laboratory, Department of Forest Sciences, Luiz de Queiroz College of Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
| | - José Lavres
- Stable Isotope Laboratory, Center for Nuclear Energy in Agriculture, University of São Paulo, Piracicaba, Brazil
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The Regulatory Role of Silicon in Mitigating Plant Nutritional Stresses. PLANTS 2020; 9:plants9121779. [PMID: 33333938 PMCID: PMC7765459 DOI: 10.3390/plants9121779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Revised: 12/10/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
It has been long recognized that silicon (Si) plays important roles in plant productivity by improving mineral nutrition deficiencies. Despite the fact that Si is considered as ‘quasi–essential’, the positive effect of Si has mostly been described in resistance to biotic and tolerance to abiotic stresses. During the last decade, much effort has been aimed at linking the positive effects of Si under nutrient deficiency or heavy metal toxicity (HM). These studies highlight the positive effect of Si on biomass production, by maintaining photosynthetic machinery, decreasing transpiration rate and stomatal conductance, and regulating uptake and root to shoot translocation of nutrients as well as reducing oxidative stress. The mechanisms of these inputs and the processes driving the alterations in plant adaptation to nutritional stress are, however, largely unknown. In this review, we focus on the interaction of Si and macronutrient (MaN) deficiencies or micro-nutrient (MiN) deficiency, summarizing the current knowledge in numerous research fields that can improve our understanding of the mechanisms underpinning this cross-talk. To this end, we discuss the gap in Si nutrition and propose a working model to explain the responses of individual MaN or MiN disorders and their mutual responses to Si supplementation.
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Thornburg TE, Liu J, Li Q, Xue H, Wang G, Li L, Fontana JE, Davis KE, Liu W, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Liu M, Pan X. Potassium Deficiency Significantly Affected Plant Growth and Development as Well as microRNA-Mediated Mechanism in Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2020; 11:1219. [PMID: 32922417 PMCID: PMC7456879 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2020.01219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
It is well studied that potassium (K+) deficiency induced aberrant growth and development of plant and altered the expression of protein-coding genes. However, there are not too many systematic investigations on root development affected by K+ deficiency, and there is no report on miRNA expression during K+ deficiency in wheat. In this study, we found that K+ deficiency significantly affected wheat seedling growth and development, evidenced by reduced plant biomass and small plant size. In wheat cultivar AK-58, up-ground shoots were more sensitive to K+ deficiency than roots. K+ deficiency did not significantly affect root vitality but affected root development, including root branching, root area, and root size. K+ deficiency delayed seminal root emergence but enhanced seminal root elongation, total root length, and correspondingly total root surface area. K+ deficiency also affected root and leaf respiration at the early exposure stage, but these effects were not observed at the later stage. One potential mechanism causing K+ deficiency impacts is microRNAs (miRNAs), one important class of small regulatory RNAs. K+ deficiency induced the aberrant expression of miRNAs and their targets, which further affected plant growth, development, and response to abiotic stresses, including K+ deficiency. Thereby, this positive root adaption to K+ deficiency is likely associated with the miRNA-involved regulation of root development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Elliott Thornburg
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Jia Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Qian Li
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Huiyun Xue
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guo Wang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Lijie Li
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Julia Elise Fontana
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Kyle E. Davis
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Wanying Liu
- College of Life Sciences, Anhui Normal University, Wuhu, China
| | - Baohong Zhang
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Zhiyong Zhang
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Zhang, ; Mingjiu Liu, ; Xiaoping Pan,
| | - Mingjiu Liu
- Henan Collaborative Innovation Center of Modern Biological Breeding and Henan Key Laboratory for Molecular Ecology and Germplasm Innovation of Cotton and Wheat, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Zhang, ; Mingjiu Liu, ; Xiaoping Pan,
| | - Xiaoping Pan
- Department of Biology, East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
- *Correspondence: Zhiyong Zhang, ; Mingjiu Liu, ; Xiaoping Pan,
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Sousa NMF, Veresoglou SD, Oehl F, Rillig MC, Maia LC. Predictors of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Fungal Communities in the Brazilian Tropical Dry Forest. MICROBIAL ECOLOGY 2018; 75:447-458. [PMID: 28779294 DOI: 10.1007/s00248-017-1042-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2017] [Accepted: 07/10/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF) are symbiotic fungi with a broad distribution, and many taxa have physiological and ecological adaptations to specific environments, including semiarid ecosystems. Our aim was to address regional distribution patterns of AMF communities in such semiarid environments based on spore morphological techniques. We assessed AMF spores at the bottom and top of inselbergs distributed throughout the tropical dry forest in the Northeast region of Brazil. Across 10 replicate inselbergs and the surrounding area, spanning a range of altitude between 140 and 2000 m, we scored the AMF soil diversity and properties in 52 plots. We fitted parsimonious ordination analyses and variance partitioning models to determine the environmental factors which explained the variation in AMF community, based on morphological spore analysis. The diversity of AMF was similar at the bottom and top of inselbergs; however, we detected high variation in abundance and richness across sites. We formulated a parsimonious richness model that used physical soil factors as predictors. The AMF community structure could be best explained through the variables coarse and total sand, iron, organic matter, potassium, silt, and sodium which together accounted for 17.8% of total variance. Several AMF species were indicators of either deficiency or high values of specific soil properties. We demonstrated that habitat isolation of the inselbergs compared with surrounding areas did not trigger differences in AMF communities in semiarid regions of Brazil. At the regional scale, soil predictors across sites drove the distribution of symbiotic mycorrhizal fungi.
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Affiliation(s)
- Natália M F Sousa
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil.
| | - Stavros D Veresoglou
- Institut für Biologie, Freie Universität Berlin, Altensteinstr 6, 14195, Berlin, Germany
| | - Fritz Oehl
- Ecotoxicology, Agroscope Reckenholz-Agroscope, Wädenswil, CH-8820, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Matthias C Rillig
- Ecotoxicology, Agroscope Reckenholz-Agroscope, Wädenswil, CH-8820, Zürich, Switzerland
- Berlin-Brandenburg Institute of Advanced Biodiversity Research (BBIB), Altensteinstr. 34, 14196, Berlin, Germany
| | - Leonor C Maia
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Ciências Biológicas, Departamento de Micologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Av. da Engenharia s/n, Cidade Universitária, Recife, Pernambuco, Brazil
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Niedz RP. ARS-Media for Excel: A Spreadsheet Tool for Calculating Media Recipes Based on Ion-Specific Constraints. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0166025. [PMID: 27812202 PMCID: PMC5094739 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0166025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2015] [Accepted: 10/22/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
ARS-Media for Excel is an ion solution calculator that uses "Microsoft Excel" to generate recipes of salts for complex ion mixtures specified by the user. Generating salt combinations (recipes) that result in pre-specified target ion values is a linear programming problem. Excel's Solver add-on solves the linear programming equation to generate a recipe. Calculating a mixture of salts to generate exact solutions of complex ionic mixtures is required for at least 2 types of problems- 1) formulating relevant ecological/biological ionic solutions such as those from a specific lake, soil, cell, tissue, or organ and, 2) designing ion confounding-free experiments to determine ion-specific effects where ions are treated as statistical factors. Using ARS-Media for Excel to solve these two problems is illustrated by 1) exactly reconstructing a soil solution representative of a loamy agricultural soil and, 2) constructing an ion-based experiment to determine the effects of substituting Na+ for K+ on the growth of a Valencia sweet orange nonembryogenic cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- Randall P. Niedz
- United States Department of Agriculture, Agricultural Research Service, U.S. Horticultural Research Laboratory, Fort Pierce, Florida, United States of America
- * E-mail:
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