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Li M, Liu C, Hepworth SR, Ma C, Li H, Li J, Wang SM, Yin H. SAUR15 interaction with BRI1 activates plasma membrane H+-ATPase to promote organ development of Arabidopsis. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2022; 189:2454-2466. [PMID: 35511168 PMCID: PMC9343009 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiac194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/25/2022] [Indexed: 05/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are an important group of plant steroid hormones that regulate growth and development. Several members of the SMALL AUXIN UP RNA (SAUR) family have roles in BR-regulated hypocotyl elongation and root growth. However, the mechanisms are unclear. Here, we show in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) that SAUR15 interacts with cell surface receptor-like kinase BRASSINOSTEROID-INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1) in BR-treated plants, resulting in enhanced BRI1 phosphorylation status and recruitment of the co-receptor BRI1-ASSOCIATED RECEPTOR KINASE 1. Genetic and phenotypic assays indicated that the SAUR15 effect on BRI1 can be uncoupled from BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 2 activity. Instead, we show that SAUR15 promotes BRI1 direct activation of plasma membrane H+-ATPase (PM H+-ATPase) via phosphorylation. Consequently, SAUR15-BRI1-PM H+-ATPase acts as a direct, PM-based mode of BR signaling that drives cell expansion to promote the growth and development of various organs. These data define an alternate mode of BR signaling in plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Chunli Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shelley R Hepworth
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- Department of Biology, Institute of Biochemistry, Carleton University, Ottawa, Ontario K1S 5B6, Canada
| | - Chaofan Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Grassland Agro-ecosystems; Key Laboratory of Grassland Livestock Industry Innovation, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs; College of Pastoral Agriculture Science and Technology, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jia Li
- Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Cell Activities and Stress Adaptations, School of Life Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, People’s Republic of China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, People’s Republic of China
| | | | - Hongju Yin
- Authors for correspondence: (H.Y.) and (S.M.W.)
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Liu L, Xie Z, Lu L, Qanmber G, Chen G, Li S, Guo M, Sun Z, Liu Z, Yang Z. Identification of BR biosynthesis genes in cotton reveals that GhCPD-3 restores BR biosynthesis and mediates plant growth and development. PLANTA 2021; 254:75. [PMID: 34533620 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-021-03727-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroid (BR) synthesis genes in different cotton species was comprehensively identified, and the participation of GhCPD-3 in the BR synthesis signaling pathway for regulating plant development was verified. Brassinosteroid is a natural steroidal phytohormone that plays fundamental roles in plant growth and development. In cotton, detailed characterization and functional validation of BR biosynthesis genes remain rare. Here, 16, 8 and 9 BR biosynthesis genes were identified in Gossypium hirsutum, Gossypium raimondii and Gossypium arboreum, respectively, and their phylogenetic relationships, gene structures, conserved motifs of the encoded proteins, chromosomal locations were determined and a synteny analysis was performed. Gossypium hirsutum and Arabidopsis BR biosynthesis genes closely clustered in the phylogenetic tree and fragment duplication was likely the primary cause promoting gene family expansion in G. hirsutum. Gene Ontology (GO) and KEGG (Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes) enrichment analysis showed their relevance as BR biosynthesis genes. GhCPD-3 was highly expressed in roots and stems and the loci of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) were significantly associated with these traits.Ectopic overexpression of GhCPD-3 in the cpd91 Arabidopsis mutant rescued the mutant phenotype by increasing plant height and leaf size in comparison to those of cpd91 and WT plants. Moreover, overexpressed GhCPD-3 in cpd91 mutants showed greater hypocotyl and root lengths than those of cpd91 and WT plants under light and dark conditions, respectively, indicating that BR actively promotes hypocotyl and root growth. Similar to CPD (CONSTITUTIVE PHOTOMORPHOGENIC DWARF), GhCPD-3 restores BR biosynthesis thereby mediating plant growth and development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Le Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zongming Xie
- Xinjiang Production and Construction Group Key Laboratory of Crop Germplasm Enhancement and Gene Resources Utilization, Biotechnology Research Institute of Xinjiang Academy of Agricultural and Reclamation Science, Shihezi, 832000, Xinjiang, China
| | - Lili Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Ghulam Qanmber
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China
| | - Guoquan Chen
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Shengdong Li
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Mengzhen Guo
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China
| | - Zhuojing Sun
- Development Center for Science and Technology, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, 100122, China
| | - Zhao Liu
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
| | - Zuoren Yang
- Zhengzhou Research Base, State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, School of Agricultural Sciences, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, 450001, Henan, China.
- State Key Laboratory of Cotton Biology, Institute of Cotton Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Anyang, 455000, Henan, China.
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An overview of recent advancement in phytohormones-mediated stress management and drought tolerance in crop plants. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.plgene.2020.100264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
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4
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Zeng J, Haider MS, Huang J, Xu Y, Pervaiz T, Feng J, Zheng H, Tao J. Functional Characterization of VvSK Gene Family in Grapevine ( Vitis vinifera L.) Revealing their Role in Berry Ripening. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4336. [PMID: 32570751 PMCID: PMC7352762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124336] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/11/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The glycogen synthase kinase 3/shaggy kinase (GSK3) is a serine/threonine kinase that plays important roles in brassinosteroid signaling, abiotic stress responses, cell division, and elongation, etc. In this study, we characterized seven grape GSK3 genes, showing high similarities with homologs from other species including Arabidopsis, white pear, apple, orange, and peach. Gene chip microarray data derived from an online database revealed very diverse developmental and tissue-specific expression patterns of VvSKs. VvSK3 and VvSK7 showed much higher expression levels in almost every tissue compared with other members. VvSK7 was highly enriched in young tissues like berries before the veraison stage, young leaves and green stems, etc., but immediately downregulated after these tissues entered maturation or senescence phases. Prediction of cis-elements in VvSK promoters indicated that VvSKs might be sensitive to light stimulation, which is further confirmed by the qPCR data. Constitutive overexpression of VvSK7 in Arabidopsis leads to dwarf plants that resembles BR-deficient mutants. The photosynthetic rate was significantly reduced in these plants, even though they accumulated more chlorophyll in leaves. Transient overexpression of VvSKs in tomatoes delayed the fruit ripening process, consistent with the observation in grapevine which blocks VvSKs by EBR- or BIKININ-promoted berry expansion and soluble solids accumulation. Data presented in the current study may serve as a theoretical basis for the future application of BRs or related compounds in quality grape production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingjue Zeng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
| | - Muhammad Salman Haider
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
| | - Junbo Huang
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
| | - Yanshuai Xu
- College of Horticulture, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410000, China;
| | - Tariq Pervaiz
- Advance innovation center for tree breeding, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, China;
| | - Jiao Feng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
| | - Huan Zheng
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
| | - Jianmin Tao
- College of Horticulture, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China; (J.Z.); (M.S.H.); (J.H.); (J.F.); (J.T.)
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Jiang H, Shui Z, Xu L, Yang Y, Li Y, Yuan X, Shang J, Asghar MA, Wu X, Yu L, Liu C, Yang W, Sun X, Du J. Gibberellins modulate shade-induced soybean hypocotyl elongation downstream of the mutual promotion of auxin and brassinosteroids. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2020; 150:209-221. [PMID: 32155449 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.02.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/27/2020] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Plants and crops are widely suffered by shade stress in the natural communities or in the agricultural fields. The three main phytohormones auxin, gibberellins (GAs) and brassinosteroids (BRs) were found essential in shade avoidance in Arabidopsis. However, their relationship have been seldom reported in plant shade avoidance control. Here, we report our investigation of the crosstalk of auxin, GAs and BRs in shade-induced hypocotyl elongation of soybean. Exogenous feeding of indol-3-acetic acid (IAA), GA3 or 24-epibrassinolide (EBL) distinctly promoted hypocotyl elongation in the white light, while the potent biosynthesis inhibitors of GA3, IAA, BRs severely diminished shade-induced hypocotyl elongation. Synergistic treatment of their biosynthesis inhibitors showed that GA3 fully, while EBL slightly, restored the hypocotyl elongation that was efficiently repressed by IAA biosynthesis inhibitor, GA3 and IAA dramatically suppressed the hypocotyl growth inhibition by BR biosynthesis inhibitor in the shade, whereas both IAA and EBL feeding cannot suppress the elongation inhibition by GA biosynthesis inhibitor. Further analyses revealed that shade remarkably upregulated expression of key genes of IAA, GA and BR biosynthesis in the soybean hypocotyls, and GA biosynthesis genes were effectively blocked by IAA, GA and BR biosynthesis inhibitors in the shade. Taken together, these results suggest that GAs modulate shade-induced hypocotyl elongation downstream of mutual promotion of auxin and BRs in soybean.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hengke Jiang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Zhaowei Shui
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li Xu
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yinhua Yang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yan Li
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoqin Yuan
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Shang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Muhammad Ahsan Asghar
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaoling Wu
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liang Yu
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
| | - Junbo Du
- College of Agronomy/Key Laboratory of Crop Eco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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Bawa G, Feng L, Yan L, Du Y, Shang J, Sun X, Wang X, Yu L, Liu C, Yang W, Du J. Pre-treatment of salicylic acid enhances resistance of soybean seedlings to Fusarium solani. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2019; 101:315-323. [PMID: 31392474 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-019-00906-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 07/23/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
KEY MESSAGE Pre-treatment of soybean seedlings with 200 μM salicylic acid before fungal inoculation significantly alleviated disease resistance in soybean seedlings against Fusarium solani infection. Sudden death syndrome of soybean is largely caused by Fusarium solani (F. solani). Salicylic acid (SA) has been reported to induce resistance in plants against many pathogens. However, the effect of exogenous SA application on F. solani infection of soybean is less reported. This study investigated the effect of foliar application of SA on soybean seedlings before F. solani infection. Seedlings were sprayed with 200 µM SA and inoculated with F. solani after 24 h of last SA application. After 3 days post-inoculation, seedlings treated with 200 µM SA showed significantly fewer disease symptoms with increased endogenous SA level, SA marker genes expression and antioxidant activities in the SA-treated seedlings more than the untreated control seedlings. Furthermore, the decrease in hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels was observed in the SA-treated plants as compared to the untreated plants. Analysis of the effect of SA application on F. solani showed that the mycelia growth of F. solani was not affected by SA treatment. Further investigation in this study revealed a decreased in F. solani biomass content in the SA treated seedlings. Results from the present study show that pre-treatment of 200 µM SA can induce resistance of soybean seedlings against F. solani infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- George Bawa
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Lingyang Feng
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Li Yan
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Yongli Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jing Shang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xin Sun
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Xiaochun Wang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Liang Yu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Chunyan Liu
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Wenyu Yang
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Junbo Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China.
- Key Laboratory of Crop Ecophysiology and Farming System in Southwest China, Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu, 611130, China.
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BES1 is activated by EMS1-TPD1-SERK1/2-mediated signaling to control tapetum development in Arabidopsis thaliana. Nat Commun 2019; 10:4164. [PMID: 31519953 PMCID: PMC6744560 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-019-12118-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2019] [Accepted: 08/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
BES1 and BZR1 were originally identified as two key transcription factors specifically regulating brassinosteroid (BR)-mediated gene expression. They belong to a family consisting of six members, BES1, BZR1, BEH1, BEH2, BEH3, and BEH4. bes1 and bzr1 single mutants do not exhibit any characteristic BR phenotypes, suggesting functional redundancy of these proteins. Here, by generating higher order mutants, we show that a quintuple mutant is male sterile due to defects in tapetum and microsporocyte development in anthers. Our genetic and biochemical analyses demonstrate that BES1 family members also act as downstream transcription factors in the EMS1-TPD1-SERK1/2 pathway. Ectopic expression of both TPD1 and EMS1 in bri1-116, a BR receptor null mutant, leads to the accumulation of non-phosphorylated, active BES1, similar to activation of BES1 by BRI1-BR-BAK1 signaling. These data suggest that two distinctive receptor-like kinase-mediated signaling pathways share BES1 family members as downstream transcription factors to regulate different aspects of plant development. BES1 and BZR1 transcription factors are activated by the BRI1-BAK1 receptor complex during brassinosteroid signaling. Here the authors show that BES1-family members also act in anthers, downstream of another receptor-like kinase-mediated signaling pathway, EMS1-TPD1-SERK1/2, to promote tapetum development.
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Du J, Li Y, Sun X, Yu L, Jiang H, Cao Q, Shang J, Sun M, Liu Y, Shu K, Liu J, Yong T, Liu W, Yang F, Wang X, Liu C, Yang W. Characterization of a splice variant of soybean ERECTA devoid of an intracellular kinase domain in response to shade stress. J Genet 2018; 97:1353-1361. [PMID: 30555083] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
The receptor-like kinase ERECTA (ER) plays vital roles in plant adaptation under environmental stress including shade avoidance in Arabidopsis. In our previous study, we identified four ER paralogues in soybean (GmERs) that showed high similarities to Arabidopsis ER. Each GmER was predicted to generate diverse alternative splicing variants. However, whether soybean GmERs contribute to shade avoidance is unknown. Here we report our characterization of GmERs in response to shading. Promoter::GUS staining analysis shows that expression of GmER paralogous genes was differentially induced under shade stress. Further analyses show that GmERa.1 and GmERa.2 exhibit a larger distinction in length than the other GmER variants. GmERa.2 has the shortest length of amino acid with only 15 leucine-rich repeats which is the part of the extracellular domain of GmERa.1. Overexpression of GmERa.2 fully rescued the hypocotyl length, leaf area and petiole length, and the sensitivity of the hypocotyl of Arabidopsis mutant er-3 to shading, suggesting that the truncated extracellular domain of GmERa might contribute importantly to shade avoidance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junbo Du
- College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University/Sichuan Engineering Research Center for Crop Strip Intercropping system/Key Laboratory of CropEco-physiology and Farming System in Southwest China (Ministry of Agriculture), Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu 611130, People's Republic of China. ,
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Ma X, Zhao H, Xu W, You Q, Yan H, Gao Z, Su Z. Co-expression Gene Network Analysis and Functional Module Identification in Bamboo Growth and Development. Front Genet 2018; 9:574. [PMID: 30542370 PMCID: PMC6277748 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/21/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 11/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Bamboo is one of the fastest-growing non-timber forest plants. Moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) is the most economically valuable bamboo in Asia, especially in China. With the release of the whole-genome sequence of moso bamboo, there are increasing demands for refined annotation of bamboo genes. Recently, large amounts of bamboo transcriptome data have become available, including data on the multiple growth stages of tissues. It is now feasible for us to construct co-expression networks to improve bamboo gene annotation and reveal the relationships between gene expression and growth traits. We integrated the genome sequence of moso bamboo and 78 transcriptome data sets to build genome-wide global and conditional co-expression networks. We overlaid the gene expression results onto the network with multiple dimensions (different development stages). Through combining the co-expression network, module classification and function enrichment tools, we identified 1,896 functional modules related to bamboo development, which covered functions such as photosynthesis, hormone biosynthesis, signal transduction, and secondary cell wall biosynthesis. Furthermore, an online database (http://bioinformatics.cau.edu.cn/bamboo) was built for searching the moso bamboo co-expression network and module enrichment analysis. Our database also includes cis-element analysis, gene set enrichment analysis, and other tools. In summary, we integrated public and in-house bamboo transcriptome data sets and carried out co-expression network analysis and functional module identification. Through data mining, we have yielded some novel insights into the regulation of growth and development. Our established online database might be convenient for the bamboo research community to identify functional genes or modules with important traits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuelian Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hansheng Zhao
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Wenying Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qi You
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hengyu Yan
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Zhimin Gao
- State Forestry Administration Key Open Laboratory on the Science and Technology of Bamboo and Rattan, Institute of Gene Science for Bamboo and Rattan Resources, International Center for Bamboo and Rattan, Beijing, China
| | - Zhen Su
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Biochemistry, College of Biological Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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10
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Characterization of a splice variant of soybean ERECTA devoid of an intracellular kinase domain in response to shade stress. J Genet 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-018-1035-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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11
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Lv M, Li M, Chen W, Wang Y, Sun C, Yin H, He K, Li J. Thermal-Enhanced bri1-301 Instability Reveals a Plasma Membrane Protein Quality Control System in Plants. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2018; 9:1620. [PMID: 30459799 PMCID: PMC6232910 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2018.01620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2018] [Accepted: 10/18/2018] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Brassinosteroids (BRs) are essential phytohormones mainly perceived by a single-pass transmembrane receptor-like protein kinase (RLK), BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE 1 (BRI1). bri1-5 and bri1-9, two distinct mutants with point mutations in the extracellular domain of BRI1, show weak defective phenotypes. Previous studies indicated that bri1-5 and bri1-9 mutated proteins can be recognized and eliminated via an endoplasmic reticulum quality control (ERQC) mechanism. Most of these two proteins, therefore, cannot reach their destination, plasma membrane. Here, we report our functional characterization of bri1-301, another BRI1 mutant protein with an amino acid substitution in the cytoplasmic kinase domain. bri1-301 is a partially functional BR receptor with significantly decreased protein abundance. Interestingly, protein stability and subcellular localization of bri1-301 are temperature-sensitive. At 22°C, an optimal temperature for indoor Arabidopsis growth, bri1-301 shows a weak defective phenotype. At a lower temperature condition such as 18°C, bri1-301 exhibits subtle morphological defects. At a higher temperature condition such as 28°C, on the other hand, bri1-301 displays an extremely severe phenotype reminiscent to that of a null bri1 mutant due to greatly increased bri1-301 internalization and degradation. Our detailed analyses suggest that bri1-301 stability is controlled by ERQC and plasma membrane quality control (PMQC) systems. Since PMQC has not been well studied in plants, bri1-301 can be used as a model mutant for future genetic dissection of this critical process.
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