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Basit F, Abbas S, Sheteiwy MS, Bhat JA, Alsahli AA, Ahmad P. Deciphering the alleviation potential of nitric oxide, for low temperature and chromium stress via maintaining photosynthetic capacity, antioxidant defence, and redox homeostasis in rice (Oryza sativa). PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2024; 214:108957. [PMID: 39059272 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2024.108957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2024] [Revised: 06/25/2024] [Accepted: 07/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024]
Abstract
Sodium nitroprusside (SNP) is a potent nitric oxide (NO) donor that enhances plant tolerance to various abiotic stresses. This research aims to assess the effect of SNP application on rice seedlings subjected to individual and combined exposure to two abiotic stresses viz., low-temperature (LT) and chromium (Cr). Exposure to LT, Cr, and LT+Cr caused severe oxidative damage by stimulating greater production and accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) leading to lipid peroxidation and cell membrane instability. The combined LT+CR stress more intensly increased the cellular oxidative stress and excessive Cr uptake that in turn deteriorated the chlorophyll pigments and photosynthesis, as well as effected the level of tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in rice plants. The reduction in rice seedling growth was more obvious under LT+Cr treatment than their individual effects. The exogenous application of SNP diminished the toxic impact of LT and Cr stress. This was attributed to the positive role of SNP in regulating the endogenous NO levels, free amino acids (FAAs) contents, tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and antioxidants. Consequently, SNP-induced NO decreased photorespiration, ROS generation, lipid peroxidation, and electrolyte leakage. Moreover, exogenous SNP diminished the Cr uptake and accumulation by modulating the ionic homeostasis and strengthening the heavy metals detoxification mechanism, thus improving plant height, biomass and photosynthetic indexes. Essentially, SNP boosts plant tolerance to LT and Cr stress by regulating antioxidants, detoxification mechanism, and the plant's physio-biochemical. Hence, applying SNP is an effective method for boosting rice plant resilience and productivity in the face of escalating environmental stresses and pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Farwa Basit
- Department of Biology, College of Science and Technology, Wenzhou-Kean University, Wenzhou, 325060, China
| | - Saghir Abbas
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Life Sciences, Government College University, Faisalabad, 38000, Pakistan
| | - Mohamed S Sheteiwy
- Department of Integrative Agriculture, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Medicine, United Arab Emirates University, P.O. Box 15551, Al Ain, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Javaid Akhter Bhat
- Research center for Life Sciences Computing, Zhejiang Lab, Hangzhou, 310012, China.
| | - Abdulaziz Abdullah Alsahli
- Botany and Microbiology Department, Faculty of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Parvaiz Ahmad
- Department of Botany, GDC, Pulwama-192301, Jammu and Kashmir, India.
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Kiss É, Talbot J, Adams NBP, Opekar S, Moos M, Pilný J, Kvasov T, Schneider E, Koník P, Šimek P, Sobotka R. Chlorophyll biosynthesis under the control of arginine metabolism. Cell Rep 2023; 42:113265. [PMID: 37864789 PMCID: PMC10783636 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2023.113265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/14/2023] [Revised: 08/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/29/2023] [Indexed: 10/23/2023] Open
Abstract
In natural environments, photosynthetic organisms adjust their metabolism to cope with the fluctuating availability of combined nitrogen sources, a growth-limiting factor. For acclimation, the dynamic degradation/synthesis of tetrapyrrolic pigments, as well as of the amino acid arginine, is pivotal; however, there has been no evidence that these processes could be functionally coupled. Using co-immunopurification and spectral shift assays, we found that in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, the arginine metabolism-related ArgD and CphB enzymes form protein complexes with Gun4, an essential protein for chlorophyll biosynthesis. Gun4 binds ArgD with high affinity, and the Gun4-ArgD complex accumulates in cells supplemented with ornithine, a key intermediate of the arginine pathway. Elevated ornithine levels restricted de novo synthesis of tetrapyrroles, which arrested the recovery from nitrogen deficiency. Our data reveal a direct crosstalk between tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and arginine metabolism that highlights the importance of balancing photosynthetic pigment synthesis with nitrogen homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Éva Kiss
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Jana Talbot
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Nathan B P Adams
- NanoTemper Technologies, Floessegasse 4, 81369 Munich, Germany; Department of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Sheffield, Sheffield S10 2TN, UK
| | - Stanislav Opekar
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Martin Moos
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Jan Pilný
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic
| | - Tatjana Kvasov
- NanoTemper Technologies, Floessegasse 4, 81369 Munich, Germany
| | | | - Peter Koník
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Šimek
- Biology Centre of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Branišovská 1160/31, 370 05 České Budějovice, Czech Republic
| | - Roman Sobotka
- Laboratory of Photosynthesis, Centre Algatech, Institute of Microbiology, The Czech Academy of Sciences, 37901 Třeboň, Czech Republic; Faculty of Science, University of South Bohemia, 37005 České Budějovice, Czech Republic.
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Song Y, Zheng C, Li S, Chen J, Jiang M. Chitosan-Magnesium Oxide Nanoparticles Improve Salinity Tolerance in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023; 15:20649-20660. [PMID: 37078774 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
High-salinity (HS) stress is a global element restricting agricultural productivity. Rice is a significant food crop, but soil salinity has a detrimental impact on its yield and product quality. Nanoparticles (NPs) have been found as a mitigation method against different abiotic stresses, even HS stress. In this study, chitosan-magnesium oxide NPs (CMgO NPs) were used as a new method for rice plants to alleviate salt stress (200 mM NaCl). The results showed that 100 mg/L CMgO NPs greatly ameliorated salt stress by enhancing the root length by 37.47%, dry biomass by 32.86%, plant height by 35.20%, and tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in hydroponically cultured rice seedlings. The application of 100 mg/L CMgO NPs greatly alleviated salt-generated oxidative stress with induced activities of antioxidative enzymes, catalase by 67.21%, peroxidase by 88.01%, and superoxide dismutase by 81.19%, and decreased contents of malondialdehyde by 47.36% and H2O2 by 39.07% in rice leaves. The investigation of ion content in rice leaves revealed that rice treated with 100 mg/L CMgO NPs maintained a noticeably higher K+ level by 91.41% and a lower Na+ level by 64.49% and consequently a higher ratio of K+/Na+ than the control under HS stress. Moreover, the CMgO NPs supplement greatly enhanced the contents of free amino acids under salt stress in rice leaves. Therefore, our findings propose that CMgO NPs supplementation could mitigate the salt stress in rice seedlings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Song
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Chenfan Zheng
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Shan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Jinhong Chen
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Hainan Institute, Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya 572025, P. R. China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, The Advanced Seed Institute, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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Kendrick R, Chotewutmontri P, Belcher S, Barkan A. Correlated retrograde and developmental regulons implicate multiple retrograde signals as coordinators of chloroplast development in maize. THE PLANT CELL 2022; 34:4897-4919. [PMID: 36073948 PMCID: PMC9709983 DOI: 10.1093/plcell/koac276] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/02/2022] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
Signals emanating from chloroplasts influence nuclear gene expression, but roles of retrograde signals during chloroplast development are unclear. To address this gap, we analyzed transcriptomes of non-photosynthetic maize mutants and compared them to transcriptomes of stages of normal leaf development. The transcriptomes of two albino mutants lacking plastid ribosomes resembled transcriptomes at very early stages of normal leaf development, whereas the transcriptomes of two chlorotic mutants with thylakoid targeting or plastid transcription defects resembled those at a slightly later stage. We identified ∼2,700 differentially expressed genes, which fall into six major categories based on the polarity and mutant-specificity of the change. Downregulated genes were generally expressed late in normal development and were enriched in photosynthesis genes, whereas upregulated genes act early and were enriched for functions in chloroplast biogenesis and cytosolic translation. We showed further that target-of-rapamycin (TOR) signaling was elevated in mutants lacking plastid ribosomes and declined in concert with plastid ribosome buildup during normal leaf development. Our results implicate three plastid signals as coordinators of photosynthetic differentiation. One signal requires plastid ribosomes and activates photosynthesis genes. A second signal reflects attainment of chloroplast maturity and represses chloroplast biogenesis genes. A third signal, the consumption of nutrients by developing chloroplasts, represses TOR, promoting termination of cell proliferation during leaf development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rennie Kendrick
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | | | - Susan Belcher
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
| | - Alice Barkan
- Institute of Molecular Biology, University of Oregon, Eugene, Oregon 97403, USA
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Li R, Zheng W, Yang R, Hu Q, Ma L, Zhang H. OsSGT1 promotes melatonin-ameliorated seed tolerance to chromium stress by affecting the OsABI5-OsAPX1 transcriptional module in rice. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2022; 112:151-171. [PMID: 35942609 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15937] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Chromium (Cr) pollution threatens plant development and growth. Application of melatonin (Mel) is emerging as an effective ally to resist stress, but how Mel ameliorates seed germination upon exposure to heavy metals is poorly understood. Here, we found (i) that seed priming with Mel considerably alleviated Cr stress during rice (Oryza sativa) seed germination and (ii) that germination performance was significantly improved in suppressor of the G2 allele of skp1 (OsSGT1) overexpression lines, while mutations of OsSGT1 and/or abscisic acid-insensitive 5 (OsABI5) noticeably abrogated such Mel-induced tolerance to Cr. Complementation assays suggested that the restored expression of OsSGT1 could not rescue the weak germination of sgt1-1abi5 under Cr stress, even upon Mel priming, but the expression of OsABI5 driven by the promoter of OsSGT1 significantly restored the Mel-ameliorated germination and the expression of ascorbate peroxidase 1 (OsAPX1) in sgt1-1abi5. Further analysis indicated that OsABI5 directly regulated the transcriptional expression of OsAPX1, whose encoding products promoted H2 O2 scavenging to maintain redox homeostasis, which is essential for germination. Collectively, this work demonstrates that OsSGT1 regulates OsABI5 to target OsAPX1, mediating the stimulatory effects of Mel on germination of Cr-stressed seeds, which provides a guide for the application of Mel in rice production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenying Zheng
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Ruifang Yang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivation Research Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, People's Republic of China
| | - Qunwen Hu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, People's Republic of China
| | - Liangyong Ma
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
| | - Huali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, People's Republic of China
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Jiang M, Dai S, Zheng YC, Li RQ, Tan YY, Pan G, Møller IM, Song SY, Huang JZ, Shu QY. An alanine to valine mutation of glutamyl-tRNA reductase enhances 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis in rice. TAG. THEORETICAL AND APPLIED GENETICS. THEORETISCHE UND ANGEWANDTE GENETIK 2022; 135:2817-2831. [PMID: 35779128 DOI: 10.1007/s00122-022-04151-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An alanine to valine mutation of glutamyl-tRNA reductase's 510th amino acid improves 5-aminolevulinic acid synthesis in rice. 5-aminolevulinic acid (ALA) is the common precursor of all tetrapyrroles and plays an important role in plant growth regulation. ALA is synthesized from glutamate, catalyzed by glutamyl-tRNA synthetase (GluRS), glutamyl-tRNA reductase (GluTR), and glutamate-1-semialdehyde aminotransferase (GSAT). In Arabidopsis, ALA synthesis is the rate-limiting step in tetrapyrrole production via GluTR post-translational regulations. In rice, mutations of GluTR and GSAT homologs are known to confer chlorophyll deficiency phenotypes; however, the enzymatic activity of rice GluRS, GluTR, and GSAT and the post-translational regulation of rice GluTR have not been investigated experimentally. We have demonstrated that a suppressor mutation in rice partially reverts the xantha trait. In the present study, we first determine that the suppressor mutation results from a G → A nucleotide substitution of OsGluTR (and an A → V change of its 510th amino acid). Protein homology modeling and molecular docking show that the OsGluTRA510V mutation increases its substrate binding. We then demonstrate that the OsGluTRA510V mutation increases ALA synthesis in Escherichia coli without affecting its interaction with OsFLU. We further explore homologous genes encoding GluTR across 193 plant species and find that the amino acid (A) is 100% conserved at the position, suggesting its critical role in GluTR. Thus, we demonstrate that the gain-of-function OsGluTRA510V mutation underlies suppression of the xantha trait, experimentally proves the enzymatic activity of rice GluRS, GluTR, and GSAT in ALA synthesis, and uncovers conservation of the alanine corresponding to the 510th amino acid of OsGluTR across plant species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shang Dai
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yun-Chao Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Rui-Qing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, China
| | - Yuan-Yuan Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Gang Pan
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, 4200, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Shi-Yong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China.
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
| | - Qing-Yao Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yongyou Industry Park, Yazhou Bay Sci-Tech City, Sanya, 572000, Hainan, China.
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Li R, Wu L, Shao Y, Hu Q, Zhang H. Melatonin alleviates copper stress to promote rice seed germination and seedling growth via crosstalk among various defensive response pathways. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2022; 179:65-77. [PMID: 35316694 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2022.03.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2021] [Revised: 02/24/2022] [Accepted: 03/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Copper (Cu) contamination dramatically affects crop growth and thus threatens crop production; while applications of melatonin (MT) serve as an effective way to tolerate Cu stress for plant development, the underlying mechanism remains largely unknown in rice. Here, we found that Cu toxicity remarkably decreased germination rates and seedling growth compared to the untreated control (CK), while seed priming with a solution of 100 μM MT significantly alleviated the adverse effects on Cu-stressed seeds. In addition, the MT treatment decreased the accumulation of Cu in seedlings at 7 days after imbibition (DAI), possibly through enhanced Cu sequestration, and improved reserve mobilization through the promoted activity of α-amylase and protease in seeds under Cu stress. Interestingly, gibberellin (GA) synthesis was restored to or even exceeded the CK levels in the MT presoaking treatment, while the abscisic acid (ABA) content decreased compared to those of the Cu-stressed seeds, suggesting crosstalk between MT and other phytohormones, e.g., GA and ABA. More importantly, MT pretreatment also significantly promoted the growth of postgermination seedlings. This was largely ascribed to the MT-ameliorated antioxidant system, which consequently reduced the accumulation of Cu stress-induced oxidative products, e.g., hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide (O2·_). Collectively, these results demonstrate that seed priming with MT could greatly mitigate the adverse effects of Cu stress on seed germination and subsequent postgermination growth through crosstalk among various defensive response pathways. This study provides vital guidance for applications of MT in agronomic production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Liquan Wu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Yafang Shao
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China
| | - Qunwen Hu
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, 230036, PR China
| | - Huali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, 311400, PR China.
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Melatonin Promotes SGT1-Involved Signals to Ameliorate Drought Stress Adaption in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23020599. [PMID: 35054782 PMCID: PMC8775989 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23020599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Drought has become one of the environmental threats to agriculture and food security. Applications of melatonin (MT) serve as an effective way to alleviate drought stress, but the underlying mechanism remains poorly understood. Here, we found that foliar spray of 100-µM MT greatly mitigated the severe drought stress-induced damages in rice seedlings, including improved survival rates, enhanced antioxidant system, and adjusted osmotic balance. However, mutation of the suppressor of the G2 allele of skp1 (OsSGT1) and ABSCISIC ACID INSENSITIVE 5 (OsABI5) abolished the effects of MT. Furthermore, the upregulated expression of OsABI5 was detected in wild type (WT) under drought stress, irrespective of MT treatment, whereas OsABI5 was significantly downregulated in sgt1 and sgt1abi5 mutants. In contrast, no change of the OsSGT1 expression level was detected in abi5. Moreover, mutation of OsSGT1 and OsABI5 significantly suppressed the expression of genes associated with the antioxidant system. These results suggested that the functions of OsSGT1 in the MT-mediated alleviation of drought stress were associated with the ABI5-mediated signals. Collectively, we demonstrated that OsSGT1 was involved in the drought response of rice and that melatonin promoted SGT1-involved signals to ameliorate drought stress adaption.
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Li R, Jiang M, Song Y, Zhang H. Melatonin Alleviates Low-Temperature Stress via ABI5-Mediated Signals During Seed Germination in Rice ( Oryza sativa L.). FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:727596. [PMID: 34646287 PMCID: PMC8502935 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.727596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/30/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
With increasing areas of direct sowing, low-temperature (LT) stress drastically affects global rice production. Exogenous applications of melatonin (MT) serve as one of the effective ways to improve seed germination under various stress conditions. In this study, we found that MT treatment greatly improved the LT stress-induced loss of germination percentage and the weak performance of seedlings under LT of constant 20°C (LT20). This was largely dependent on the activated antioxidant system and enhanced activities of storage substance utilization-associated enzymes. Moreover, we also detected that exogenous feeding of MT significantly increased the biosynthesis of gibberellin (GA) and endogenous MT but simultaneously inhibited the accumulation of abscisic acid (ABA) and hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) under LT20 stress. These results suggested that MT had antagonistic effects on ABA and H2O2. In addition, MT treatment also significantly enhanced the expression of CATALYSE 2 (OsCAT2), which was directly regulated by ABA-INSENSITIVE 5 (OsABI5), a core module of ABA-stressed signals, and thus promoting the H2O2 scavenging to reach reactive oxygen species (ROS) homeostasis, which consequently increased GA biosynthesis. However, in abi5 mutants, OsCAT2 failed in response to LT20 stress irrespective of MT treatment, indicating that OsABI5 is essential for MT-mediated seed germination under LT20 stress. Collectively, we now demonstrated that MT showed a synergistic interaction with an ABI5-mediated signal to mediate seed germination, partially through the direct regulation of OsCAT2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruiqing Li
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yue Song
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huali Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Rice Biology and Chinese National Center for Rice Improvement, China National Rice Research Institute, Hangzhou, China
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Li R, Jiang M, Zheng W, Zhang H. GUN4-mediated tetrapyrrole metabolites regulates starch biosynthesis during early seed development in rice. J Cereal Sci 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2021.103317] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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Li RQ, Jiang M, Huang JZ, Møller IM, Shu QY. Mutations of the Genomes Uncoupled 4 Gene Cause ROS Accumulation and Repress Expression of Peroxidase Genes in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:682453. [PMID: 34178000 PMCID: PMC8232891 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.682453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
The Genomes Uncoupled 4 (GUN4) is one of the retrograde signaling genes in Arabidopsis and its orthologs have been identified in oxygenic phototrophic organisms from cyanobacterium to higher plants. GUN4 is involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis and its mutation often causes chlorophyll-deficient phenotypes with increased levels of reactive oxygen species (ROS), hence it has been speculated that GUN4 may also play a role in photoprotection. However, the biological mechanism leading to the increased ROS accumulation in gun4 mutants remains largely unknown. In our previous studies, we generated an epi-mutant allele of OsGUN4 (gun4 epi ), which downregulated its expression to ∼0.5% that of its wild-type (WT), and a complete knockout allele gun4-1 due to abolishment of its translation start site. In the present study, three types of F2 plant derived from a gun4-1/gun4 epi cross, i.e., gun4-1/gun4-1, gun4-1/gun4 epi and gun4 epi /gun4 epi were developed and used for further investigation by growing them under photoperiodic condition (16 h/8 h light/dark) with low light (LL, 100 μmol photons m-2 s-1) or high light (HL, 1000 μmol photons m-2 s-1). The expression of OsGUN4 was light responsive and had two peaks in the daytime. gun4-1/gun4-1-F2 seeds showed defective germination and died within 7 days. Significantly higher levels of ROS accumulated in all types of OsGUN4 mutants than in WT plants under both the LL and HL conditions. A comparative RNA-seq analysis of WT variety LTB and its gun4 epi mutant HYB led to the identification of eight peroxidase (PRX)-encoding genes that were significantly downregulated in HYB. The transcription of these eight PRX genes was restored in transgenic HYB protoplasts overexpressing OsGUN4, while their expression was repressed in LTB protoplasts transformed with an OsGUN4 silencing vector. We conclude that OsGUN4 is indispensable for rice, its expression is light- and oxidative-stress responsive, and it plays a role in ROS accumulation via its involvement in the transcriptional regulation of PRX genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui-Qing Li
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, China
- College of Agronomy, Anhui Agricultural University, Hefei, China
| | - Meng Jiang
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, China
| | - Jian-Zhong Huang
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Slagelse, Denmark
| | - Qing-Yao Shu
- Hainan Institute of Zhejiang University, Yazhou Bay Science and Technology City, Sanya, China
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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Duan L, Ruiz-Sola MÁ, Couso A, Veciana N, Monte E. Red and blue light differentially impact retrograde signalling and photoprotection in rice. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2020; 375:20190402. [PMID: 32362254 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2019.0402] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chloroplast-to-nucleus retrograde signalling (RS) is known to impact plant growth and development. In Arabidopsis, we and others have shown that RS affects seedling establishment by inhibiting deetiolation. In the presence of lincomycin, a chloroplast protein synthesis inhibitor that triggers RS, Arabidopsis light-grown seedlings display partial skotomorphogenesis with undeveloped plastids and closed cotyledons. By contrast, RS in monocotyledonous has been much less studied. Here, we show that emerging rice seedlings exposed to lincomycin do not accumulate chlorophyll but otherwise remain remarkably unaffected. However, by using high red (R) and blue (B) monochromatic lights in combination with lincomycin, we have uncovered a RS inhibition of length and a reduction in the B light-induced declination of the second leaf. Furthermore, we present data showing that seedlings grown in high B and R light display different non-photochemical quenching capacity. Our findings support the view that excess B and R light impact seedling photomorphogenesis differently to photoprotect and optimize the response to high-light stress. This article is part of the theme issue 'Retrograde signalling from endosymbiotic organelles'.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liu Duan
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - M Águila Ruiz-Sola
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ana Couso
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Nil Veciana
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Elena Monte
- Centre for Research in Agricultural Genomics (CRAG), CSIC-IRTA-UAB-UB, Campus UAB, Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain.,Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CSIC), Barcelona, Spain
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Jiang M, Jiang J, Li S, Li M, Tan Y, Song S, Shu Q, Huang J. Glutamate alleviates cadmium toxicity in rice via suppressing cadmium uptake and translocation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2020; 384:121319. [PMID: 31607581 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2019.121319] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2019] [Revised: 09/17/2019] [Accepted: 09/24/2019] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd), a naturally occurring heavy metal, is toxic to animals and plants. Minimization of Cd in rice grain is important to human health since rice is the main source of Cd intake for human populations feeding on it as staple food. Glutamate (Glu) is reportedly involved in plant abiotic stress responses, whereas the underlying molecular mechanism remains poorly understood. In this study, we showed that supplement of Glu, but not glutamine, significantly alleviated Cd toxicity in hydroponically grown rice plants. Cd accumulation was reduced by 44.1% and 65.6% in root and shoot of rice plants respectively, after Glu supplementation (3 mM). Glu supplement restored chlorophyll biosynthesis and significantly ameliorated Cd-induced oxidative stress with reduced levels of H2O2, 1O2, MDA, and increased activities of major anti-oxidant enzymes, catalase, peroxidase and glutathione S-transferase. Levels of stress-associated free amino acids proline, arginine and γ-aminobutyric acid were also reduced after Glu supplement. We further demonstrated that Glu supplement suppressed the Cd-induced expression of metal transporter genes OsNramp1, OsNramp5, OsIRT1, OsIRT2, OsHMA2 and OsHMA3 in roots of Cd-treated plants. Taken together, our results suggest that Glu supplement could alleviate Cd toxicity in rice by suppressing Cd uptake and translocation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China; Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Jie Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shan Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Mei Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Analysis Center of Agrobiology and Environmental Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Shiyong Song
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, 434025, China.
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China; Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, 310058, China.
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Jiang M, Liu Y, Li R, Zheng Y, Fu H, Tan Y, Møller IM, Fan L, Shu Q, Huang J. A Suppressor Mutation Partially Reverts the xantha Trait via Lowered Methylation in the Promoter of Genomes Uncoupled 4 in Rice. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1003. [PMID: 31428119 PMCID: PMC6688194 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/22/2019] [Accepted: 07/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
The xantha trait of a yellow leaf rice mutant (HYB), controlled epigenetically by elevated CHG methylation of the genomes uncoupled 4 (OsGUN4) promoter, has reduced chlorophyll content, altered tetrapyrrole biosynthesis, and deregulated transcription of photosynthesis-associated nuclear genes (PhANGs) compared to its wild-type progenitor Longtefu B (LTB). In the present study, we identified a suppressor mutant (CYB) of HYB and characterized its genetic, molecular, and physiological basis of the mutant phenotype. We found that the light-green phenotype of CYB was caused by a suppressor mutation in an unknown gene other than OsGUN4. Compared to HYB, the CHG methylation in the OsGUN4 promoter was reduced, while OsGUN4 transcript and protein abundance levels were increased in CYB. The contents of total chlorophyll and its intermediate metabolites (except protoporphyrin IX) in CYB plants were intermediate between HYB and LTB. The expression levels of 30 genes involved in tetrapyrrole biosynthesis in CYB were all partially reverted to those of LTB, so were the PhANGs. In summary, a suppressor mutation caused the reversion of the xantha trait via reducing CHG methylation in OsGUN4 promoter.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng Jiang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yanhua Liu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ruiqing Li
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yunchao Zheng
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Haowei Fu
- Jiaxing Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Jiaxing, China
| | - Yuanyuan Tan
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ian Max Møller
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Longjiang Fan
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Qingyao Shu
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Grain Industry, Yangtze University, Jingzhou, China
- *Correspondence: Qingyao Shu,
| | - Jianzhong Huang
- National Key Laboratory of Rice Biology, Institute of Crop Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Institute of Nuclear Agricultural Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
- Jianzhong Huang,
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