1
|
Zhao Z, Wang R, Su W, Sun T, Qi M, Zhang X, Wei F, Yu Z, Xiao F, Yan L, Yang C, Zhang J, Wang D. A comprehensive analysis of the WRKY family in soybean and functional analysis of GmWRKY164-GmGSL7c in resistance to soybean mosaic virus. BMC Genomics 2024; 25:620. [PMID: 38898399 PMCID: PMC11188170 DOI: 10.1186/s12864-024-10523-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Soybean mosaic disease caused by soybean mosaic virus (SMV) is one of the most devastating and widespread diseases in soybean producing areas worldwide. The WRKY transcription factors (TFs) are widely involved in plant development and stress responses. However, the roles of the GmWRKY TFs in resistance to SMV are largely unclear. RESULTS Here, 185 GmWRKYs were characterized in soybean (Glycine max), among which 60 GmWRKY genes were differentially expressed during SMV infection according to the transcriptome data. The transcriptome data and RT-qPCR results showed that the expression of GmWRKY164 decreased after imidazole treatment and had higher expression levels in the incompatible combination between soybean cultivar variety Jidou 7 and SMV strain N3. Remarkably, the silencing of GmWRKY164 reduced callose deposition and enhanced virus spread during SMV infection. In addition, the transcript levels of the GmGSL7c were dramatically lower upon the silencing of GmWRKY164. Furthermore, EMSA and ChIP-qPCR revealed that GmWRKY164 can directly bind to the promoter of GmGSL7c, which contains the W-box element. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that GmWRKY164 plays a positive role in resistance to SMV infection by regulating the expression of GmGSL7c, resulting in the deposition of callose and the inhibition of viral movement, which provides guidance for future studies in understanding virus-resistance mechanisms in soybean.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhihua Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Rongna Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Weihua Su
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Tianjie Sun
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Mengnan Qi
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Xueyan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Fengju Wei
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China
| | - Zhouliang Yu
- School of Life Sciences, Yunnan University, Kunming, 650500, China
| | - Fuming Xiao
- Handan Municipal Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hebei Province, Handan, 056001, China
| | - Long Yan
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Chunyan Yang
- Institute of Cereal and Oil Crops, Hebei Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Shijiazhuang, 050031, China
| | - Jie Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| | - Dongmei Wang
- State Key Laboratory of North China Crop Improvement and Regulation/Hebei Key Laboratory of Plant Physiology and Molecular Pathology, College of Life Sciences, Hebei Agricultural University, Baoding, 071001, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Malviya D, Singh P, Singh UB, Paul S, Kumar Bisen P, Rai JP, Verma RL, Fiyaz RA, Kumar A, Kumari P, Dei S, Ahmed MR, Bagyaraj DJ, Singh HV. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi-mediated activation of plant defense responses in direct seeded rice ( Oryza sativa L.) against root-knot nematode Meloidogyne graminicola. Front Microbiol 2023; 14:1104490. [PMID: 37200920 PMCID: PMC10185796 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2023.1104490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhizosphere is the battlefield of beneficial and harmful (so called phytopathogens) microorganisms. Moreover, these microbial communities are struggling for their existence in the soil and playing key roles in plant growth, mineralization, nutrient cycling and ecosystem functioning. In the last few decades, some consistent pattern have been detected so far that link soil community composition and functions with plant growth and development; however, it has not been studied in detail. AM fungi are model organisms, besides potential role in nutrient cycling; they modulate biochemical pathways directly or indirectly which lead to better plant growth under biotic and abiotic stress conditions. In the present investigations, we have elucidated the AM fungi-mediated activation of plant defense responses against Meloidogyne graminicola causing root-knot disease in direct seeded rice (Oryza sativa L.). The study describes the multifarious effects of Funneliformis mosseae, Rhizophagus fasciculatus, and Rhizophagus intraradices inoculated individually or in combination under glasshouse conditions in rice plants. It was found that F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices when applied individually or in combination modulated the biochemical and molecular mechanisms in the susceptible and resistant inbred lines of rice. AM inoculation significantly increased various plant growth attributes in plants with simultaneous decrease in the root-knot intensity. Among these, the combined application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus, and R. intraradices was found to enhance the accumulation and activities of biomolecules and enzymes related to defense priming as well as antioxidation in the susceptible and resistant inbred lines of rice pre-challenged with M. graminicola. The application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices, induced the key genes involved in plant defense and signaling and it has been demonstrated for the first time. Results of the present investigation advocated that the application of F. mosseae, R. fasciculatus and R. intraradices, particularly a combination of all three, not only helped in the control of root-knot nematodes but also increased plant growth as well as enhances the gene expression in rice. Thus, it proved to be an excellent biocontrol as well as plant growth-promoting agent in rice even when the crop is under biotic stress of the root-knot nematode, M. graminicola.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Deepti Malviya
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India
| | - Prakash Singh
- Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Veer Kunwar Singh College of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University, Dumraon, India
| | - Udai B Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India
| | - Surinder Paul
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India
| | | | - Jai P Rai
- Department of Mycology and Plant Pathology, Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, India
| | - Ram Lakhan Verma
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-National Rice Research Institute, Cuttack, India
| | - R Abdul Fiyaz
- Division of Crop Improvement, ICAR-Indian Institute of Rice Research, Hyderabad, India
| | - A Kumar
- Bihar Agricultural University, Bhagalpur, India
| | - Poonam Kumari
- Agrotechnology Division, CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology, Palampur, India
| | | | - Mohd Reyaz Ahmed
- Department of Plant Pathology, Veer Kunwar Singh College of Agriculture, Bihar Agricultural University, Dumraon, India
| | - D J Bagyaraj
- Centre for Natural Biological Resources and Community Development, Bengaluru, India
| | - Harsh V Singh
- Plant-Microbe Interaction and Rhizosphere Biology Lab, ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Maunath Bhanjan, India
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wang L, Fu J, Shen Q, Wang Q. OsWRKY10 extensively activates multiple rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis to enhance rice blast resistance. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023. [PMID: 37186469 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.16259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2022] [Revised: 04/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/17/2023]
Abstract
Phytoalexin is the main chemical weapon against disease pathogens in plants. Rice produces a number of phytoalexins to defend pathogens, most of which belong to diterpenoid phytoalexins. Three biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) and a few non-cluster genes are responsible for rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis. The corresponding regulatory mechanism of these phytoalexins in response to pathogen challenges still remains unclear. Here we identified a transcription factor, OsWRKY10, positively regulating rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis. Knockout mutants of OsWRKY10 obtained by the CRISPR/Cas9 technology are more susceptible to Magnaporthe oryzae infection, while overexpression of OsWRKY10 enhances resistance to rice blast. Further analysis reveals that overexpression of OsWRKY10 increases accumulation of multiple rice diterpenoid phytoalexins and expression of genes in three BGCs and non-clustered genes in response to M. oryzae infection. Knockout of OsWRKY10 impairs upregulation of rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis gene expression by blast pathogen and CuCl2 treatment. OsWRKY10 directly binds to the W-boxes or W-box-like elements (WLEs) of rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis gene promoters to regulate the corresponding gene expression. This study identified an extensive regulator (OsWRKY10) with the broad transcriptional regulation on rice diterpenoid phytoalexin biosynthesis, providing the insight to characterize regulation of rice chemical defense for improving disease resistance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Liping Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Jingye Fu
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qinqin Shen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| | - Qiang Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Exploration and Utilization in Southwest China, College of Agronomy, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, 611130, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Son S, Im JH, Song G, Nam S, Park SR. OsWRKY114 Inhibits ABA-Induced Susceptibility to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae in Rice. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23158825. [PMID: 35955958 PMCID: PMC9369203 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23158825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/04/2022] [Accepted: 08/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The phytohormone abscisic acid (ABA) regulates various aspects of plant growth, development, and stress responses. ABA suppresses innate immunity to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) in rice (Oryza sativa), but the identity of the underlying regulator is unknown. In this study, we revealed that OsWRKY114 is involved in the ABA response during Xoo infection. ABA-induced susceptibility to Xoo was reduced in OsWRKY114-overexpressing rice plants. OsWRKY114 attenuated the negative effect of ABA on salicylic acid-dependent immunity. Furthermore, OsWRKY114 decreased the transcript levels of ABA-associated genes involved in ABA response and biosynthesis. Moreover, the endogenous ABA level was lower in OsWRKY114-overexpressing plants than in the wild-type plants after Xoo inoculation. Taken together, our results suggest that OsWRKY114 is a negative regulator of ABA that confers susceptibility to Xoo in rice.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Seungmin Son
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Jong Hee Im
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48824, USA
| | - Giha Song
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| | - Suhyeon Nam
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
- Department of Crop Science & Biotechnology, Jeonbuk National University, Jeonju 54896, Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju 54874, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Kumar R, Khatri A, Acharya V. Deep learning uncovers distinct behavior of rice network to pathogens response. iScience 2022; 25:104546. [PMID: 35754717 PMCID: PMC9218438 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2022.104546] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2022] [Revised: 05/06/2022] [Accepted: 06/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice, apart from abiotic stress, is prone to attack from multiple pathogens. Predominantly, the two rice pathogens, bacterial Xanthomonas oryzae (Xoo) and hemibiotrophic fungus, Magnaporthe oryzae, are extensively well explored for more than the last decade. However, because of lack of holistic studies, we design a deep learning-based rice network model (DLNet) that has explored the quantitative differences resulting in the distinct rice network architecture. Validation studies on rice in response to biotic stresses show that DLNet outperforms other machine learning methods. The current finding indicates the compactness of the rice PTI network and the rise of independent modules in the rice ETI network, resulting in similar patterns of the plant immune response. The results also show more independent network modules and minimum structural disorderness in rice-M. oryzae as compared to the rice-Xoo model revealing the different adaptation strategies of the rice plant to evade pathogen effectors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Kumar
- Functional Genomics and Complex System Lab, Biotechnology Division, The Himalayan Centre for High-throughput Computational Biology (HiCHiCoB, A BIC Supported by DBT, India), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| | - Abhishek Khatri
- Functional Genomics and Complex System Lab, Biotechnology Division, The Himalayan Centre for High-throughput Computational Biology (HiCHiCoB, A BIC Supported by DBT, India), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India
| | - Vishal Acharya
- Functional Genomics and Complex System Lab, Biotechnology Division, The Himalayan Centre for High-throughput Computational Biology (HiCHiCoB, A BIC Supported by DBT, India), CSIR-Institute of Himalayan Bioresource Technology (CSIR-IHBT), Palampur, Himachal Pradesh, India.,Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad 201002, India
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Li D, Zhang F, Pinson SRM, Edwards JD, Jackson AK, Xia X, Eizenga GC. Assessment of Rice Sheath Blight Resistance Including Associations with Plant Architecture, as Revealed by Genome-Wide Association Studies. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2022; 15:31. [PMID: 35716230 PMCID: PMC9206596 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-022-00574-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/14/2021] [Accepted: 05/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sheath blight (ShB) disease caused by Rhizoctonia solani Kühn, is one of the most economically damaging rice (Oryza sativa L.) diseases worldwide. There are no known major resistance genes, leaving only partial resistance from small-effect QTL to deploy for cultivar improvement. Many ShB-QTL are associated with plant architectural traits detrimental to yield, including tall plants, late maturity, or open canopy from few or procumbent tillers, which confound detection of physiological resistance. RESULTS To identify QTL for ShB resistance, 417 accessions from the Rice Diversity Panel 1 (RDP1), developed for association mapping studies, were evaluated for ShB resistance, plant height and days to heading in inoculated field plots in Arkansas, USA (AR) and Nanning, China (NC). Inoculated greenhouse-grown plants were used to evaluate ShB using a seedling-stage method to eliminate effects from height or maturity, and tiller (TN) and panicle number (PN) per plant. Potted plants were used to evaluate the RDP1 for TN and PN. Genome-wide association (GWA) mapping with over 3.4 million SNPs identified 21 targeted SNP markers associated with ShB which tagged 18 ShB-QTL not associated with undesirable plant architecture traits. Ten SNPs were associated with ShB among accessions of the Indica subspecies, ten among Japonica subspecies accessions, and one among all RDP1 accessions. Across the 18 ShB QTL, only qShB4-1 was not previously reported in biparental mapping studies and qShB9 was not reported in the GWA ShB studies. All 14 PN QTL overlapped with TN QTL, with 15 total TN QTL identified. Allele effects at the five TN QTL co-located with ShB QTL indicated that increased TN does not inevitably increase disease development; in fact, for four ShB QTL that overlapped TN QTL, the alleles increasing resistance were associated with increased TN and PN, suggesting a desirable coupling of alleles at linked genes. CONCLUSIONS Nineteen accessions identified as containing the most SNP alleles associated with ShB resistance for each subpopulation were resistant in both AR and NC field trials. Rice breeders can utilize these accessions and SNPs to develop cultivars with enhanced ShB resistance along with increased TN and PN for improved yield potential.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Danting Li
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Fantao Zhang
- College of Life Sciences, Jiangxi Normal University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, China
| | - Shannon R M Pinson
- USDA Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, 2890 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA.
| | - Jeremy D Edwards
- USDA Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, 2890 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA
| | - Aaron K Jackson
- USDA Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, 2890 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA
| | - Xiuzhong Xia
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Rice Genetics and Breeding, Rice Research Institute, Guangxi Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanning, Guangxi, China
| | - Georgia C Eizenga
- USDA Dale Bumpers National Rice Research Center, 2890 Highway 130 East, Stuttgart, AR, 72160, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Im JH, Choi C, Park SR, Hwang DJ. The OsWRKY6 transcriptional cascade functions in basal defense and Xa1-mediated defense of rice against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. PLANTA 2022; 255:47. [PMID: 35076864 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-022-03830-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2021] [Accepted: 01/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
The rice protein OsWRKY6 directly activates OsWRKY45 and OsWRKY47 expression, and also activates OsPR1a and OsPR1b through the two OsWRKYs, and this transcriptional module participates in Xa1-mediated defense against the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Biotic stress, the pathogen Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) in particular, negatively impacts worldwide productivity and yield in the staple crop rice (Oryza sativa). OsWRKY transcription factors are involved in various biotic stress responses in rice, and OsWRKY6 specifically acts as an important defense regulator against Xoo. However, the relationship between OsWRKY6 and other OsWRKYs, as well as its role in resistance (R) gene-mediated defense, have yet to be studied in depth. Here, we characterized a transcriptional cascade triggered by OsWRKY6 that regulated defense against Xoo infection mediated by the NBS-LRR protein Xa1. OsWRKY45 and OsWRKY47 were identified as direct transcriptional targets of OsWRKY6, and their two gene products reciprocally activated their two genes. Furthermore, OsWRKY6 activated OsPR1a and OsPR1b via the OsWRKY45 and OsWRKY47. Two OsWRKY6 RNAi knockdown lines showed significantly reduced defense even against an incompatible Xoo infection, and the expression of OsWRKY6 was not regulated by OsWRKY51 and OsWRKY88. This study reveals that a novel downstream transcriptional pathway activated by OsWRKY6 is involved in Xa1-mediated defense against Xoo.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jong Hee Im
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
- Department of Horticulture, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI, 48824, USA
| | - Changhyun Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
- National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration, 180 Hyeoksin-ro, Wanju-gun, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Ju Hwang
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea.
- Mediprogen Inc.1447, Pyungchang-gun, 25354, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Biological Efficacy of Cochlioquinone-9, a Natural Plant Defense Compound for White-Backed Planthopper Control in Rice. BIOLOGY 2021; 10:biology10121273. [PMID: 34943188 PMCID: PMC8698586 DOI: 10.3390/biology10121273] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Simple Summary This study investigated the biological efficacy of cochlioquinone-9 (cq-9), a plant secondary metabolite, for controlling white-backed planthopper (WBPH) and compared the gene expression levels following cq-9 treatment. The results show that cq-9 enhances plant growth against WBPH and is associated with aromatic amino acid-related plant defense genes. This demonstrates the potential of cq-9 to replace chemical pesticides and suggests a new method for controlling WBPH. Abstract Rice is exposed to various biotic stresses in the natural environment. The white-backed planthopper (Sogatella furcifera, WBPH) is a pest that causes loss of rice yield and threatens the global food supply. In most cases, pesticides are used to control WBPH. However, excessive use of pesticides increases pesticide resistance to pests and causes environmental pollution. Therefore, it is necessary to develop natural product-based pesticides to control WBPH. Plants produce a variety of secondary metabolites for protection. Secondary metabolites act as a defense against pathogens and pests and are valuable as pesticides and breeding materials. Cochlioquinone is a secondary metabolite that exhibits various biological activities, has a negative effect on the growth and development of insects, and contributes to plant defense. Here, we compared plant growth after treatment with cochlioquinone-9 (cq-9), a quinone family member. cq-9 improved the ability of plants to resist WBPH and had an effect on plant growth. Gene expression analysis revealed that cq-9 interacts with various defense-related genes to confer resistance to WBPH, suggesting that it is related to flavonoid compounds. Overall, this study provides insight into the mechanisms of WBPH resistance and suggests that cq-9 represents an environmentally friendly agent for WBPH control.
Collapse
|
9
|
Rice transcription factor WRKY114 directly regulates the expression of OsPR1a and Chitinase to enhance resistance against Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2020; 533:1262-1268. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2020.09.141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2020] [Accepted: 09/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
|
10
|
Choi N, Im JH, Lee E, Lee J, Choi C, Park SR, Hwang DJ. WRKY10 transcriptional regulatory cascades in rice are involved in basal defense and Xa1-mediated resistance. JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 71:3735-3748. [PMID: 32227093 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/eraa135] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2019] [Accepted: 03/11/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
WRKY proteins play essential roles as negative or positive regulators of pathogen defense. This study explored the roles of different OsWRKY proteins in basal defense and Xa1-mediated resistance to Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) infection in rice. Assays of disease in OsWRKY10KD and OsWRKY88KD lines following infection with an incompatible Xoo race, which induced Xa1-mediated resistance in wild-type plants, showed that OsWRKY10 and OsWRKY88 were positive regulators of Xa1-mediated resistance. OsWRKY10 also acted as a positive regulator in basal defense by directly or indirectly activating transcription of defense-related genes. OsWRKY10 activated the OsPR1a promoter by binding to specific WRKY binding sites. Two transcriptional regulatory cascades of OsWRKY10 were identified in basal defense and Xa1-mediated resistance. In the first transcriptional regulatory cascade, OsWRKY47 acted downstream of OsWRKY10 whereas OsWRKY51 acted upstream. OsWRKY10 activated OsPR1a in two distinct ways: by binding to its promoter and, at the same time, by indirect activation through OsWRKY47. In the second transcriptional regulatory cascade, OsWRKY47 acted downstream of OsWRKY10, and OsWRKY88 acted upstream. These OsWRKY10 transcriptional regulatory cascades played important roles in basal defense and Xa1-mediated resistance to enable the mounting of a rapid immune response against pathogens.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Naeyeoung Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jong Hee Im
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Eunhye Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Jinjeong Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Changhyun Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| | - Duk-Ju Hwang
- National Institute of Agricultural Science, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
King E, Wallner A, Rimbault I, Barrachina C, Klonowska A, Moulin L, Czernic P. Monitoring of Rice Transcriptional Responses to Contrasted Colonizing Patterns of Phytobeneficial Burkholderia s.l. Reveals a Temporal Shift in JA Systemic Response. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2019; 10:1141. [PMID: 31608089 PMCID: PMC6769109 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2019.01141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/21/2019] [Accepted: 08/21/2019] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
In the context of plant-pathogen and plant-mutualist interactions, the underlying molecular bases associated with host colonization have been extensively studied. However, it is not the case for non-mutualistic beneficial interactions or associative symbiosis with plants. Particularly, little is known about the transcriptional regulations associated with the immune tolerance of plants towards beneficial microbes. In this context, the study of the Burkholderia rice model is very promising to describe the molecular mechanisms involved in associative symbiosis. Indeed, several species of the Burkholderia sensu lato (s.l.) genus can colonize rice tissues and have beneficial effects; particularly, two species have been thoroughly studied: Burkholderia vietnamiensis and Paraburkholderia kururiensis. This study aims to compare the interaction of these species with rice and especially to identify common or specific plant responses. Therefore, we analyzed root colonization of the rice cultivar Nipponbare using DsRed-tagged bacterial strains and produced the transcriptomes of both roots and leaves 7 days after root inoculation. This led us to the identification of a co-expression jasmonic acid (JA)-related network exhibiting opposite regulation in response to the two strains in the leaves of inoculated plants. We then monitored by quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) the expression of JA-related genes during time course colonization by each strain. Our results reveal a temporal shift in this JA systemic response, which can be related to different colonization strategies of both strains.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eoghan King
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
| | - Adrian Wallner
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Célia Barrachina
- Montpellier GenomiX (MGX), c/o Institut de Génomique Fonctionnelle, Montpellier, France
| | | | - Lionel Moulin
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
| | - Pierre Czernic
- IRD, CIRAD, University of Montpellier, IPME, Montpellier, France
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Lee H, Cha J, Choi C, Choi N, Ji HS, Park SR, Lee S, Hwang DJ. Rice WRKY11 Plays a Role in Pathogen Defense and Drought Tolerance. RICE (NEW YORK, N.Y.) 2018; 11:5. [PMID: 29330772 PMCID: PMC5766476 DOI: 10.1186/s12284-018-0199-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 68] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2017] [Accepted: 01/02/2018] [Indexed: 05/18/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Plants are frequently subjected to abiotic and biotic stresses, and WRKY proteins play a pivotal role in the response to such stress. OsWRKY11 is induced by pathogens, drought, and heat, suggesting a function in biotic and abiotic stress responses. RESULTS This study identified OsWRKY11, a member of WRKY group IIc. It is a transcriptional activator that localized to the nucleus. Ectopic expression of OsWRKY11 resulted in enhanced resistance to a bacterial pathogen, Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae; resistance was compromised in transgenic lines under-expressing OsWRKY11. Ectopic expression of OsWRKY11 resulted in constitutive expression of defense-associated genes, whereas knock-down (kd) of OsWRKY11 reduced expression of defense-associated genes during pathogen attack, suggesting that OsWRKY11 activates defense responses. OsWRKY11 bound directly to the promoter of CHITINASE 2, a gene associated with defense, and activated its transcription. In addition, ectopic expression of OsWRKY11 enhanced tolerance to drought stress and induced constitutive expression of drought-responsive genes. Induction of drought-responsive genes was compromised in OsWRKY11-kd plants. OsWRKY11 also bound directly to the promoter of a drought-responsive gene, RAB21, activating its transcription. In addition, OsWRKY11 protein levels were controlled by the ubiquitin-proteasome system. CONCLUSION OsWRKY11 integrates plant responses to pathogens and abiotic stresses by positively modulating the expression of biotic and abiotic stress-related genes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Heyoung Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Jooyoung Cha
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Changhyun Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Naeyoung Choi
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Hyun-So Ji
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Sang Ryeol Park
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Seungbum Lee
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea
| | - Duk-Ju Hwang
- National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Jeonju, 54874, Republic of Korea.
| |
Collapse
|