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Sui J, Wang C, Ren C, Hou F, Zhang Y, Shang X, Zhao Q, Hua X, Liu X, Zhang H. Effects of Deep Tillage on Wheat Regarding Soil Fertility and Rhizosphere Microbial Community. Microorganisms 2024; 12:1638. [PMID: 39203480 PMCID: PMC11356293 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms12081638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2024] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/08/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Wheat production is intrinsically linked to global food security. However, wheat cultivation is constrained by the progressive degradation of soil conditions resulting from the continuous application of fertilizers. This study aimed to examine the effects of deep tillage on rhizosphere soil microbial communities and their potential role in improving soil quality, given that the specific mechanisms driving these observed benefits remain unclear. Soil fertility in this research was evaluated through the analysis of various soil parameters, including total nitrogen, total phosphorus, total potassium, available phosphorus, and available potassium, among others. The high-throughput sequencing technique was utilized to examine the rhizosphere microbial community associated with deep tillage wheat. The findings indicated that deep tillage cultivation of wheat led to reduced fertility levels in the 0-20 cm soil layer in comparison with non-deep tillage cultivation. A sequencing analysis indicated that Acidobacteria and Proteobacteria are the dominant bacterial phyla, with Proteobacteria being significantly more abundant in the deep tillage group. The dominant fungal phyla identified were Ascomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Basidiomycota. Among bacterial genera, Arthrobacter, Bacillus, and Nocardioides were predominant, with Arthrobacter showing a significantly higher presence in the deep tillage group. The predominant fungal genera included Mortierella, Alternaria, Schizothecium, and Cladosporium. Deep tillage cultivation has the potential to enhance soil quality and boost crop productivity through the modulation of soil microbial community structure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Junkang Sui
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Chenyu Wang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Changqing Ren
- Liaocheng Science and Technology Bureau, Liaocheng 252000, China;
| | - Feifan Hou
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Yuxuan Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xueting Shang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Qiqi Zhao
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xuewen Hua
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
| | - Xunli Liu
- College of Forestry, Shandong Agricultural University, Tai’an 271000, China;
| | - Hengjia Zhang
- College of Agriculture and Biology, Liaocheng University, Liaocheng 252000, China; (C.W.); (F.H.); (Y.Z.); (X.S.); (Q.Z.); (X.H.)
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Wan C, Yang H, Chen Y, Li Y, Cao Y, Zhang H, Duan X, Ge J, Tao J, Wang Q, Dang P, Feng B, Gao J. Insights into starch synthesis and amino acid composition of common buckwheat in response to phosphate fertilizer management strategies. Int J Biol Macromol 2024; 275:133587. [PMID: 38960252 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.133587] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 06/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/29/2024] [Indexed: 07/05/2024]
Abstract
To investigate the response and the regulatory mechanism of common buckwheat starch, amylose, and amylopectin biosynthesis to P management strategies, field experiments were conducted in 2021 and 2022 using three phosphorus (P) levels. Results revealed that the application of 75 kg hm-2 phosphate fertilizer significantly enhanced amylopectin and total starch content in common buckwheat, leading to improved grain weight and starch yield, and decreased starch granule size. The number of upregulated differentially expressed proteins induced by phosphate fertilizer increased with the application rate, with 56 proteins identified as shared differential proteins between different P levels, primarily associated with carbohydrate and amino acid metabolism. Phosphate fertilizer inhibited amylose synthesis by downregulating granule-bound starch synthase protein expression and promoted amylopectin accumulation by upregulating 1,4-alpha-glucan branching enzyme and starch synthase proteins expression. Additionally, Phosphate fertilizer primarily promoted the accumulation of hydrophobic and essential amino acids. These findings elucidate the mechanism of P-induced starch accumulation and offer insights into phosphate fertilizer management and high-quality cultivation of common buckwheat.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenxi Wan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Hao Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Youxiu Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Yaxin Li
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Yuchen Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Haokuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Xuyang Duan
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Jiahao Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Jincai Tao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Qi Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Pengfei Dang
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China
| | - Baili Feng
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
| | - Jinfeng Gao
- State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Areas, College of Agronomy, Northwest A & F University, Yangling, Shaanxi Province 712100, China.
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Zheng T, Wang S, Wang M, Mao J, Xu Y, Ren J, Liu Y, Liu S, Qiao Z, Cao X. Effect of Different Fertilizer Types on Quality of Foxtail Millet under Low Nitrogen Conditions. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 13:1830. [PMID: 38999669 PMCID: PMC11244521 DOI: 10.3390/plants13131830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2024] [Revised: 06/24/2024] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/14/2024]
Abstract
In order to clarify the effect of different fertilizers on foxtail millet quality under low nitrogen conditions, we used JGNo.21 and LZGNo.2 as experimental materials and set up five treatments, including non-fertilization, nitrogen, phosphorus, compound, and organic fertilizers, to study the regulation of different fertilizer types on agronomic traits, nutrient fractions, and pasting characteristics of foxtail millet under low nitrogen conditions. Compared with the control, all of the fertilizers improved the agronomic traits of JGNo.21 to a certain extent. Nitrogen and compound fertilizer treatments reduced the starch content of JGNo.21; the starch content was reduced by 0.55% and 0.07% under nitrogen and compound fertilizers treatments. Phosphorus and organic fertilizers increased starch content, and starch content increased by 0.50% and 0.56% under phosphorus and organic fertilizer treatments. The effect of each fertilizer treatment on protein content was completely opposite to that of starch; different fertilizer treatments reduced the fat content of JGNo.21 and increased the fiber content. Among them, nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizers increased the yellow pigment content; the yellow pigment content increased by 1.21% and 2.64% under nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer treatments. Organic and compound fertilizers reduced the content of yellow pigment; the yellow pigment content was reduced by 3.36% and 2.79% under organic and compound fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen and organic fertilizers increased the fat content of LZGNo.2; the fat content increased by 2.62% and 1.98% under nitrogen, organic fertilizer treatment. Compound and phosphorus fertilizer decreased the fat content; the fat content decreased by 2.16% and 2.90% under compound and phosphorus fertilizer treatment. Different fertilizer treatments reduced the cellulose and yellow pigment content of LZGNo.2. The content of essential, non-essential, and total amino acids of JGNo.21 was increased under compound and nitrogen fertilizer treatments and decreased under organic and phosphorus fertilizer treatments. The content of essential, non-essential, and total amino acids of LZGNo.2 was significantly higher under compound, nitrogen, and organic fertilizer treatments compared with control and significantly decreased under phosphorus fertilizer treatments. Nitrogen and compound fertilizer treatments significantly reduced the values of peak viscosity, trough viscosity, breakdown viscosity, final viscosity, setback viscosity, and pasting time of each index of JGNo.21; phosphorus and organic fertilizer treatments improved the values of each index. In contrast, the pasting viscosity of LZGNo.2 increased under phosphorus fertilizer treatment and decreased under nitrogen fertilizer treatment. Reasonable fertilization can improve the quality of foxtail millet, which provides a scientific theoretical basis for improving the quality of foxtail millet.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Zheng
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Shu Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Mengyao Wang
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiao Mao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yuanmeng Xu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Jiangling Ren
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Yuhan Liu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Sichen Liu
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Zhijun Qiao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
| | - Xiaoning Cao
- Center for Agricultural Genetic Resources Research, Shanxi Agricultural University, Taiyuan 030031, China
- College of Agriculture, Shanxi Agricultural University, Jinzhong 030801, China
- Key Laboratory of Crop Gene Resources and Germplasm Development in Loess Plateau, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Taiyuan 030031, China
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Effects of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer on the eating quality of indica rice with different amylose content. J Food Compost Anal 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2023.105167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
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Ping Q, Zhang B, Zhang Z, Lu K, Li Y. Speciation analysis and formation mechanism of iron-phosphorus compounds during chemical phosphorus removal process. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 310:136852. [PMID: 36241115 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2022.136852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2022] [Revised: 10/07/2022] [Accepted: 10/08/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Iron (Fe) salt was applied extensively to remove phosphorus (P) in wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs). Exploring the formation mechanism of iron-phosphorus compounds (FePs) during the chemical P removal (CPR) process is beneficial to P recovery. In this study, the performance of P removal, FePs speciation analysis and the kinetics of P removal under different conditions (pH, Fe/P molar ratio (Fe/Pmol), type of Fe salt, dissolved organic matters) were comprehensively investigated. More than 95% of P was removed under the optimal conditions with pH = 4.7, Fe/Pmol = 2, FeCl3 or polymeric ferric sulfate (PFS) as the coagulant. The FePs formation mechanism was considerably influenced by reaction conditions. Iron-phosphate compounds were the dominant FePs species (>76%) at pH < 6.2, while more iron oxides were formed at pH ≥ 6.2 with decreased P removal efficiency. When the initial Fe/Pmol was 2, iron-phosphate compound was the only product that was formed by the reaction between PO43- and Fe(III) or Fe(II) ions directly. More iron oxides were generated when the initial Fe/Pmol was 1 or 3. At Fe/Pmol = 1, the Fe(III) was hydrolyzed to form iron oxides and trapped PO43-, while at Fe/Pmol = 3, iron-phosphate compounds were produced firstly and the remaining Fe(III) was hydrolyzed to form iron oxides. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model simulated the chemical P removal process well. The reaction rate of P with Fe(II) was slower than that with Fe(III), but complete removal was still achieved when the reaction time was more than 30 min. Poly-Fe salt exhibited a fast P removal rate, while the removal efficiency depended on its iron content. Organic matters in wastewater with large molecular weight and multiple functional groups (such as humic acids) inhibited P removal rate but hardly affect the removal amount. This study provides an insight into CPR by Fe salts and is beneficial for P recovery in WWTPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qian Ping
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
| | - Bingqian Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Kexin Lu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China
| | - Yongmei Li
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, PR China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai, 200092, PR China.
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Nutritional composition of maize grain associated with phosphorus and zinc fertilization. J Food Compost Anal 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2022.104775] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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Zhang R, Liu G, Xu H, Lou H, Zhai S, Chen A, Hao S, Xing J, Liu J, You M, Zhang Y, Xie C, Ma J, Liang R, Sun Q, Zhai H, Ni Z, Li B. Heat Stress Tolerance 2 confers basal heat stress tolerance in allohexaploid wheat (Triticum aestivum L.). JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2022; 73:6600-6614. [PMID: 35781562 DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erac297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Heat stress substantially reduces the yield potential of wheat (Triticum aestivum L.), one of the most widely cultivated staple crops, and greatly threatens global food security in the context of global warming. However, few studies have explored the heat stress tolerance (HST)-related genetic resources in wheat. Here, we identified and fine-mapped a wheat HST locus, TaHST2, which is indispensable for HST in both the vegetative and reproductive stages of the wheat life cycle. The studied pair of near isogenic lines (NILs) exhibited diverse morphologies under heat stress, based on which we mapped TaHST2 to a 485 kb interval on chromosome arm 4DS. Under heat stress, TaHST2 confers a superior conversion rate from soluble sugars to starch in wheat grains, resulting in faster grain filling and a higher yield potential. A further exploration of genetic resources indicated that TaHST2 underwent strong artificial selection during wheat domestication, suggesting it is an essential locus for basal HST in wheat. Our findings provide deeper insights into the genetic basis of wheat HST and might be useful for global efforts to breed heat-stress-tolerant cultivars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Runqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyu Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huanwen Xu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Hongyao Lou
- Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Shanshan Zhai
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Aiyan Chen
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Shuiyuan Hao
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
- Hetao College, Bayannur, China
| | - Jiewen Xing
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Mingshan You
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Yufeng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Chaojie Xie
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Jun Ma
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Rongqi Liang
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Qixin Sun
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Huijie Zhai
- School of Life Science and Technology, Henan Institute of Science and Technology, Xinxiang, China
| | - Zhongfu Ni
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Baoyun Li
- State Key Laboratory for Agrobiotechnology, Key Laboratory of Crop Heterosis and Utilization (MOE), Beijing Key Laboratory of Crop Genetic Improvement, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Harish MN, Choudhary AK, Kumar S, Dass A, Singh VK, Sharma VK, Varatharajan T, Dhillon MK, Sangwan S, Dua VK, Nitesh SD, Bhavya M, Sangwan S, Prasad S, Kumar A, Rajpoot SK, Gupta G, Verma P, Kumar A, George S. Double zero tillage and foliar phosphorus fertilization coupled with microbial inoculants enhance maize productivity and quality in a maize-wheat rotation. Sci Rep 2022; 12:3161. [PMID: 35210519 PMCID: PMC8873388 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-07148-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Maize is an important industrial crop where yield and quality enhancement both assume greater importance. Clean production technologies like conservation agriculture and integrated nutrient management hold the key to enhance productivity and quality besides improving soil health and environment. Hence, maize productivity and quality were assessed under a maize-wheat cropping system (MWCS) using four crop-establishment and tillage management practices [FBCT-FBCT (Flat bed-conventional tillage both in maize and wheat); RBCT-RBZT (Raised bed-CT in maize and raised bed-zero tillage in wheat); FBZT-FBZT (FBZT both in maize and wheat); PRBZT-PRBZT (Permanent raised bed-ZT both in maize and wheat], and five P-fertilization practices [P100 (100% soil applied-P); P50 + 2FSP (50% soil applied-P + 2 foliar-sprays of P through 2% DAP both in maize and wheat); P50 + PSB + AM-fungi; P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP; and P0 (100% NK with no-P)] in split-plot design replicated-thrice. Double zero-tilled PRBZT-PRBZT system significantly enhanced the maize grain, starch, protein and oil yield by 13.1-19% over conventional FBCT-FBCT. P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP, integrating soil applied-P, microbial-inoculants and foliar-P, had significantly higher grain, starch, protein and oil yield by 12.5-17.2% over P100 besides saving 34.7% fertilizer-P both in maize and on cropping-system basis. P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP again had significantly higher starch, lysine and tryptophan content by 4.6-10.4% over P100 due to sustained and synchronized P-bioavailability. Higher amylose content (24.1%) was observed in grains under P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP, a beneficial trait due to its lower glycemic-index highly required for diabetic patients, where current COVID-19 pandemic further necessitated the use of such dietary ingredients. Double zero-tilled PRBZT-PRBZT reported greater MUFA (oleic acid, 37.1%), MUFA: PUFA ratio and P/S index with 6.9% higher P/S index in corn-oil (an oil quality parameter highly required for heart-health) over RBCT-RBCT. MUFA, MUFA: PUFA ratio and P/S index were also higher under P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP; avowing the obvious role of foliar-P and microbial-inoculants in influencing maize fatty acid composition. Overall, double zero-tilled PRBZT-PRBZT with crop residue retention at 6 t/ha per year along with P50 + PSB + AMF + 2FSP while saving 34.7% fertilizer-P in MWCS, may prove beneficial in enhancing maize productivity and quality so as to reinforce the food and nutritional security besides boosting food, corn-oil and starch industry in south-Asia and collateral arid agro-ecologies across the globe.
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Affiliation(s)
- M N Harish
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Anil K Choudhary
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India.
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 001, India.
| | - Sandeep Kumar
- ICAR-National Bureau of Plant Genetic Resources, New Delhi, 110012, India
| | - Anchal Dass
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - V K Singh
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- ICAR-Central Research Institute for Dryland Agriculture, Hyderabad, 500 059, India
| | - V K Sharma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - T Varatharajan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - M K Dhillon
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Seema Sangwan
- CCS Haryana Agricultural University, Hisar, Haryana, 125 004, India
| | - V K Dua
- ICAR-Central Potato Research Institute, Shimla, Himachal Pradesh, 171 001, India
| | - S D Nitesh
- CSA University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur, Uttar Pradesh, 208 002, India
| | - M Bhavya
- University of Agricultural & Horticultural Sciences, Shivamogga, Karnataka, 577 204, India
| | - S Sangwan
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Shiv Prasad
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
| | - Adarsh Kumar
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- ICAR-National Bureau of Agriculturally Important Microorganisms, Kushmaur, Mau, Uttar Pradesh, 275 103, India
| | - S K Rajpoot
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, Uttar Pradesh, 221 005, India
| | - Gaurendra Gupta
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- ICAR-Indian Grassland and Fodder Research Institute, Jhansi, Uttar Pradesh, 284 003, India
| | - Prakash Verma
- ICAR-Indian Agricultural Research Institute, New Delhi, 110 012, India
- ICAR-National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, Haryana, 132 001, India
| | - Anil Kumar
- Farm Science Centre, GAD Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Tarn Taran, Punjab, 143 412, India
| | - S George
- Farm Science Centre, ICAR-Indian Institute of Horticultural Research, Gonikoppal, Karnataka, 571213, India
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Silva OPR, Oliveira AP, Cruz JMFL, Silva LDR, Sousa VFO, Farias OR, Nunes JC, Nascimento IRS, Martins JVS. Nitrogen and potassium synergism influences the yield and quality of Dioscorea cayennensis. BRAZ J BIOL 2022; 82:e263916. [DOI: 10.1590/1519-6984.263916] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 09/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract This study aimed to evaluate yield, quality, nematode incidence, chlorophyll content, and primary foliar macronutrients of yam in response to nitrogen and potassium fertilization. A complete randomized block design was used in a factorial scheme (5 x 5), with five nitrogen (0; 60; 120; 180 and 240 kg ha-1 of N) and five potassium doses (0; 60; 120; 180 and 240 kg ha-1 of K2O), with four replicates. The mass, total and commercial productivity of tubers, starch content, ash, leaf N, P, and K content, chlorophyll, and nematode incidence were evaluated. The average mass of tubers obtained was 1.935 kg with doses of 133 kg ha-1 of N and 105 kg ha-1 of K2O. The dose of 178 kg ha-1 of N promoted maximum total tuber productivity (22.56 t ha-1). The doses of 132 kg ha-1 of N and 118 kg ha-1 of K2O resulted in maximum productivity of commercial tubers with 20.35 t ha-1. Leaf N and K, starch, and ash contents were within the standards for yam. The incidence of Meloidogyne, Scutellonema, and Pratylenchus reduced with the increasing simple effect doses of N and K2O. The maximum chlorophyll content was obtained at the dose of 240 kg ha-1 of N. The nitrogen and potassium interaction, despite the antagonistic effects on the accumulation of foliar P and starch, increased the productivity and average mass of commercial tubers, consequently ensuring the profitability of yam cultivation.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - J. C. Nunes
- Universidade Estadual da Região Tocantina do Maranhão, Brasil
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10
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11
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Leonel M, Fernandes DDS, Dos Santos TPR. Unmodified cassava starches with high phosphorus content. Int J Biol Macromol 2021; 187:113-118. [PMID: 34298045 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2021.07.116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2021] [Revised: 04/29/2021] [Accepted: 07/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Our study was based on the fact that physiological changes in the plant resulting from the growth conditions alter the properties of the starch. An experimental trial was installed with cassava plants in poor phosphorus soil. A part of plants received phosphate fertilization at a level three times higher than the recommended dose, in order to provide high availability of phosphorus in the soil. The plants grew for two years and the starches were isolated at three times in the second vegetative cycle. The starches had A-type X-ray pattern. Starches isolated from cassava plants grown in soils with high phosphorus had increases of more than 100% in the content of bound phosphorus, which caused changes in the size of the granules, amylose, swelling power, solubility, pasting and thermal properties. These results indicate possibilities of increasing the commercial value of native cassava starch due to the expansion of use, considering the range of uses of phosphate starches for food and non-food purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magali Leonel
- Center for Tropical Roots and Starch (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Universitaria Avenue 3780, PC 18.610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Daiana de Souza Fernandes
- Center for Tropical Roots and Starch (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Universitaria Avenue 3780, PC 18.610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Thaís Paes Rodrigues Dos Santos
- Center for Tropical Roots and Starch (CERAT), São Paulo State University (UNESP), Universitaria Avenue 3780, PC 18.610-034, Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil
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12
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Use of Meat Industry Waste in the Form of Meat-and-Bone Meal in Fertilising Maize (Zea mays L.) for Grain. SUSTAINABILITY 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/su13052857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
The processing of meat industry waste into meat-and-bone meal (MBM) provides the opportunity to use it as fertiliser in the cultivation of agricultural crops. This study was conducted in the years 2014–2017 at the Experimental Station in Tomaszkowo, Poland to assess MBM effects on yield and quality of maize cultivated for grain. An example of the effective use of nutrients contained in MBM applied at doses of 2.0 and 3.0 t ha is the cultivation of maize in 2016, which was affected by favourable weather conditions. The effect of the accumulation of MBM doses and, consequently, the provision of a greater amount of nutrients ensure sufficient amounts to obtain yields, greater than those provided by mineral fertilisation only. The macronutrient concentration in the maize grains following the application of MBM was similar to the composition of the grains of maize fertilised with mineral N, P and K fertilisers. With the MBM, micronutrients are introduced in amounts that are able to satisfy plants with these components, yet this study failed to demonstrate any effect of increased MBM doses on the concentration of the analysed elements in the maize grains.
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13
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Li Z, Qiu Q, Chen Y, Lin D, Huang J, Huang T. Metabolite alteration in response to low phosphorus stress in developing tomato fruits. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY AND BIOCHEMISTRY : PPB 2021; 159:234-243. [PMID: 33388658 DOI: 10.1016/j.plaphy.2020.12.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/21/2020] [Indexed: 05/01/2023]
Abstract
Alteration of fruit quality caused by environmental stress is a common but largely unresolved issue for plant cultivation and breeding practices. Phosphorus (P) deficiency may interfere with a variety of metabolic processes whose intermediate products are correlated with important fruit quality traits. However, how low P stress affects fruit quality has not been investigated in detail. In this study, we assessed the contents of major metabolites associated with tomato fruit quality under two low P treatments that started at the seedling or flowering stage. The major pigments and the key organic acids related to fruit sourness were differentially over-accumulated as fruit ripened under two low P treatments compared to those under the control treatment, while the total content of soluble sugars contributing to fruit sweetness was substantially reduced under both treatments. These changes were largely attributed to the alteration of enzyme activities in the relevant metabolic pathways. In particular, we found that low P stress from different developmental stages had differential effects on the activation of γ-aminobutyric acid shunt that were likely responsible for the preferential accumulation of different organic acids in tomato fruits. Our study suggested that low P stress strongly affected tomato fruit quality and the effects appeared to be variable under different regimes of low P conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziwei Li
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Qiyun Qiu
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Yinghao Chen
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Dongbo Lin
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China; Key Laboratory of Optoelectronic Devices and Systems of Ministry of Education and Guangdong Province, College of Optoelectronic Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China
| | - Jianzi Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
| | - Tengbo Huang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory for Plant Epigenetics, College of Life Sciences and Oceanography, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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Derkx AP, Mares DJ. Late-maturity α-amylase expression in wheat is influenced by genotype, temperature and stage of grain development. PLANTA 2020; 251:51. [PMID: 31950359 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-020-03341-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 01/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Late-maturity α-amylase (LMA) expression in wheat grains can be induced by either a cool temperature shock close to physiological maturity or continuous cool maximum temperatures during grain development. Late-maturity α-amylase (LMA) is a genetic trait in wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) involving the production of α-amylase during grain development, which can result in an unacceptably low Falling Number (FN) in mature grain and consequent grain downgrading. Comparison of the FN test, an α-amylase activity assay and a high pI α-amylase-specific ELISA on the same meal samples gave equivalent results; ELISA was used for further experiments because of its isoform specificity. A cool temperature shock during the middle stages of grain development is known to induce LMA and is used for phenotypic screening. It was determined that a cool temperature treatment of seven days was required to reliably induce LMA. Glasshouse studies performed in summer and winter demonstrated that temperature affected the timing of sensitivity to cool-shock by altering the rate and duration of grain development, but that the sensitive grain developmental stage was unchanged at 35-45% moisture content. Wheat varieties with Rht-B1b or Rht-D1b dwarfing genes responded to a cool-shock only from mid grain filling until physiological maturity, whilst genotypes with Rht8c or without a dwarfing gene expressed LMA in response to a cool-shock during a wider developmental range. A continuous cool maximum temperature regimen (23 °C/15 °C day/night) during grain development also resulted in LMA expression and showed a stronger association with field expression than the cool-shock treatment. These results clarify how genotype, temperature and grain developmental stage determine LMA expression, and allow for the improvement of LMA phenotypic screening methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adinda P Derkx
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia.
| | - Daryl J Mares
- School of Agriculture, Food and Wine, University of Adelaide, Waite Campus, Glen Osmond, SA, 5064, Australia
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15
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He Y, Lin Y, Chen C, Tsai M, Lin AH. Impacts of Starch and the Interactions Between Starch and Other Macromolecules on Wheat Falling Number. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2019; 18:641-654. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2018] [Revised: 12/23/2018] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Yuezhen He
- Bi‐State School of Food ScienceUniv. of Idaho Moscow ID 83844‐2312 U.S.A
| | - Yu‐Lian Lin
- Bi‐State School of Food ScienceUniv. of Idaho Moscow ID 83844‐2312 U.S.A
| | - Chen Chen
- Bi‐State School of Food ScienceUniv. of Idaho Moscow ID 83844‐2312 U.S.A
| | - Min‐Hui Tsai
- Bi‐State School of Food ScienceUniv. of Idaho Moscow ID 83844‐2312 U.S.A
| | - Amy Hui‐Mei Lin
- Bi‐State School of Food ScienceUniv. of Idaho Moscow ID 83844‐2312 U.S.A
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Sun Y, Mu C, Liu X. Key factors identified by proteomic analysis in maize ( Zea mays L.) seedlings' response to long-term exposure to different phosphate levels. Proteome Sci 2018; 16:19. [PMID: 30479573 PMCID: PMC6247739 DOI: 10.1186/s12953-018-0147-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2018] [Accepted: 11/08/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Maize seedlings are constantly exposed to inorganic phosphate (Pi)-limited environments. To understand how maize cope with low Pi (LP) and high Pi (HP) conditions, physiological and global proteomic analysis of QXN233 genotype were performed under the long-term Pi starvation and supplementation. Methods We investigated the physiological response of QXN233 genotype to LP and HP conditions and detected the changes in ion fluxes by non-invasive micro-test technology and gene expression by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction. QXN233 was further assessed using vermiculite assay, and then proteins were isolated and identified by nano-liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. Results A negative relationship was observed between Na+ and Pi, and Na+ efflux was enhanced under HP condition. Furthermore, a total of 681 and 1374 were identified in the leaves and roots, respectively, which were mostly involved in metabolism, ion transport, and stress response. Importantly, several key Pi transporters were identified for breeding potential. Several ion transporters demonstrated an elaborate interplay between Pi and other ions, together contributing to the growth of QXN233 seedlings. Conclusion The results from this study provide insights into the response of maize seedlings to long-term Pi exposure. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12953-018-0147-3) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanling Sun
- 1Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Chunhua Mu
- 1Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, 250100 China
| | - Xia Liu
- 1Maize Research Institute, Shandong Academy of Agricultural Sciences/National Engineering Laboratory of Wheat and Maize/Key Laboratory of Biology and Genetic Improvement of Maize in Northern Yellow-huai River Plain, Ministry of Agriculture, Jinan, 250100 China.,2College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan, 250000 Shandong China
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Yao C, Jiang J, Cao X, Liu Y, Xue S, Zhang Y. Phosphorus Enhances Photosynthetic Storage Starch Production in a Green Microalga (Chlorophyta) Tetraselmis subcordiformis in Nitrogen Starvation Conditions. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:10777-10787. [PMID: 30270616 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b04798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Microalgae are potential starch producers as alternatives to agricultural crops. This study disclosed the effects and mechanism of phosphorus availability exerted on storage starch production in a starch-producing microalga Tetraselmis subcordiformis in nitrogen starvation conditions. Excessive phosphorus supply facilitated starch production, which differed from the conventional cognition that phosphorus would inhibit transitory starch biosynthesis in plants. Phosphorus enhanced energy utilization efficiency for biomass and storage starch production. ADP-glucose pyrophosphorylase (AGPase), conventionally known to be critical for starch biosynthesis, was negatively correlated to storage starch biosynthesis. Excessive phosphorus supply maintained large cell volumes, enhanced activities of starch phosphorylases (SPs) along with branching enzymes and isoamylases, and increased phosphoenolpyruvate and trehalose-6-phosphate levels to alleviate the inhibition of high phosphate availability to AGPase, all of which improved starch production. This work highlighted the importance of phosphorus in the production of microalgal starch and provided further evidence for the SP-based storage starch biosynthesis pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Changhong Yao
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610065 , China
| | - Junpeng Jiang
- Marine Bioengineering Group , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences , Beijing 100039 , China
| | - Xupeng Cao
- Marine Bioengineering Group , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Yinghui Liu
- Marine Bioengineering Group , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Song Xue
- Marine Bioengineering Group , Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Dalian 116023 , China
| | - Yongkui Zhang
- Department of Pharmaceutical & Biological Engineering, School of Chemical Engineering , Sichuan University , Chengdu , Sichuan 610065 , China
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