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Wang X, Zhang J, Liu X, Kong Y, Han L. The Roles of the PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATORs in Circadian Clock and Flowering Time in Medicago truncatula. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:16834. [PMID: 38069157 PMCID: PMC10706769 DOI: 10.3390/ijms242316834] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/25/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
PSEUDO-RESPONSE REGULATORs (PRRs) play key roles in the circadian rhythms and flowering in plants. Here, we identified the four members of the PRR family in Medicago truncatula, including MtPRR9a, MtPRR9b, MtPRR7 and MtPRR5, and isolated their Tnt1 retrotransposon-tagged mutants. They were expressed in different organs and were nuclear-localized. The four MtPRRs genes played important roles in normal clock rhythmicity maintenance by negatively regulating the expression of MtGI and MtLHY. Surprisingly, the four MtPRRs functioned redundantly in regulating flowering time under long-day conditions, and the quadruple mutant flowered earlier. Moreover, MtPRR can recruit the MtTPL/MtTPR corepressors and the other MtPRRs to form heterodimers to constitute the core mechanism of the circadian oscillator.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Xiu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.K.)
| | - Yiming Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.K.)
- College of Life Sciences, Shandong Normal University, Jinan 250014, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; (X.W.); (J.Z.); (X.L.); (Y.K.)
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2
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Basu U, Parida SK. The developmental dynamics in cool season legumes with focus on chickpea. PLANT MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2023; 111:473-491. [PMID: 37016106 DOI: 10.1007/s11103-023-01340-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Chickpea is one of the most widely consumed grain legume world-wide. Advances in next-generation sequencing and genomics tools have led to genetic dissection and identification of potential candidate genes regulating agronomic traits in chickpea. However, the developmental particularities and its potential in reforming the yield and nutritional value remain largely unexplored. Studies in crops such as rice, maize, tomato and pea have highlighted the contribution of key regulator of developmental events in yield related traits. A comprehensive knowledge on the development aspects of a crop can pave way for new vistas to explore. Pea and Medicago are the close relatives of genus Cicer and the basic developmental events in these legumes are similar. However, there are some distinct developmental features in chickpea which hold potential for future crop improvement endeavours. The global chickpea germplasm encompasses wide range of diversities in terms of morphology at both vegetative and reproductive stages. There is an immediate need for understanding the genetic and molecular basis of this diversity and utilizing them for the yield contributing trait improvement. The review discusses some of the key developmental events which have potential in yield enhancement and the lessons which can be learnt from model legumes in this regard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Udita Basu
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box: 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Swarup K Parida
- Genomics-assisted Breeding and Crop Improvement Laboratory, National Institute of Plant Genome Research (NIPGR), Aruna Asaf Ali Marg, P.O. Box: 10531, New Delhi, 110067, India.
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3
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Arabidopsis thaliana SHOOT MERISTEMLESS Substitutes for Medicago truncatula SINGLE LEAFLET1 to Form Complex Leaves and Petals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214114. [PMID: 36430591 PMCID: PMC9697493 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2022] [Revised: 11/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
LEAFY plant-specific transcription factors, which are key regulators of flower meristem identity and floral patterning, also contribute to meristem activity. Notably, in some legumes, LFY orthologs such as Medicago truncatula SINGLE LEAFLET (SGL1) are essential in maintaining an undifferentiated and proliferating fate required for leaflet formation. This function contrasts with most other species, in which leaf dissection depends on the reactivation of KNOTTED-like class I homeobox genes (KNOXI). KNOXI and SGL1 genes appear to induce leaf complexity through conserved downstream genes such as the meristematic and boundary CUP-SHAPED COTYLEDON genes. Here, we compare in M. truncatula the function of SGL1 with that of the Arabidopsis thaliana KNOXI gene, SHOOT MERISTEMLESS (AtSTM). Our data show that AtSTM can substitute for SGL1 to form complex leaves when ectopically expressed in M. truncatula. The shared function between AtSTM and SGL1 extended to the major contribution of SGL1 during floral development as ectopic AtSTM expression could promote floral organ identity gene expression in sgl1 flowers and restore sepal shape and petal formation. Together, our work reveals a function for AtSTM in floral organ identity and a higher level of interchangeability between meristematic and floral identity functions for the AtSTM and SGL1 transcription factors than previously thought.
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Du L, Adkins S, Xu M. Leaf Development in Medicago truncatula. Genes (Basel) 2022; 13:genes13071203. [PMID: 35885986 PMCID: PMC9321518 DOI: 10.3390/genes13071203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2022] [Revised: 07/01/2022] [Accepted: 07/02/2022] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Forage yield is largely dependent on leaf development, during which the number of leaves, leaflets, leaf size, and shape are determined. In this mini-review, we briefly summarize recent studies of leaf development in Medicago truncatula, a model plant for legumes, with a focus on factors that could affect biomass of leaves. These include: floral development and related genes, lateral organ boundary genes, auxin biosynthesis, transportation and signaling genes, and WOX related genes.
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Mo X, He L, Liu Y, Wang D, Zhao B, Chen J. The Genetic Control of the Compound Leaf Patterning in Medicago truncatula. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2022; 12:749989. [PMID: 35095943 PMCID: PMC8792858 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.749989] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Simple and compound which are the two basic types of leaves are distinguished by the pattern of the distribution of blades on the petiole. Compared to simple leaves comprising a single blade, compound leaves have multiple blade units and exhibit more complex and diverse patterns of organ organization, and the molecular mechanisms underlying their pattern formation are receiving more and more attention in recent years. Studies in model legume Medicago truncatula have led to an improved understanding of the genetic control of the compound leaf patterning. This review is an attempt to summarize the current knowledge about the compound leaf morphogenesis of M. truncatula, with a focus on the molecular mechanisms involved in pattern formation. It also includes some comparisons of the molecular mechanisms between leaf morphogenesis of different model species and offers useful information for the molecular design of legume crops.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoyu Mo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Liangliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Dongfa Wang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Baolin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, China
- School of Life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Wang X, Zhang J, Xie Y, Liu X, Wen L, Wang H, Zhang J, Li J, Han L, Yu X, Mysore KS, Wen J, Zhou C. LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 regulates leaf margin development via the auxin transporter gene SMOOTH LEAF MARGIN1. PLANT PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 187:218-235. [PMID: 34618141 PMCID: PMC8418409 DOI: 10.1093/plphys/kiab268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2021] [Accepted: 05/05/2021] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Plant leaves have evolved into diverse shapes and LATE MERISTEM IDENTITY1 (LMI1) and its putative paralogous genes encode homeodomain leucine zipper transcription factors that are proposed evolutionary hotspots for the regulation of leaf development in plants. However, the LMI1-mediated regulatory mechanism underlying leaf shape formation is largely unknown. MtLMI1a and MtLMI1b are putative orthologs of LMI1 in the model legume barrelclover (Medicago truncatula). Here, we investigated the role of MtLMI1a and MtLMI1b in leaf margin morphogenesis by characterizing loss-of-function mutants. MtLMI1a and MtLMI1b are expressed along leaf margin in a near-complementary pattern, and they redundantly promote development of leaf margin serrations, as revealed by the relatively smooth leaf margin in their double mutants. Moreover, MtLMI1s directly activate expression of SMOOTH LEAF MARGIN1 (SLM1), which encodes an auxin efflux carrier, thereby regulating auxin distribution along the leaf margin. Further analysis indicates that MtLMI1s genetically interact with NO APICAL MERISTEM (MtNAM) and the ARGONAUTE7 (MtAGO7)-mediated trans-acting short interfering RNA3 (TAS3 ta-siRNA) pathway to develop the final leaf margin shape. The participation of MtLMI1s in auxin-dependent leaf margin formation is interesting in the context of functional conservation. Furthermore, the diverse expression patterns of LMI1s and their putative paralogs within key domains are important drivers for functional specialization, despite their functional equivalency among species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Juanjuan Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Yangyang Xie
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiu Liu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lizhu Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Jie Li
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | - Xiaolin Yu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
| | | | - Jiangqi Wen
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, Oklahoma 73401, USA
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Science, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266237, China
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Pathak PK, Zhang F, Peng S, Niu L, Chaturvedi J, Elliott J, Xiang Y, Tadege M, Deng J. Structure of the unique tetrameric STENOFOLIA homeodomain bound with target promoter DNA. Acta Crystallogr D Struct Biol 2021; 77:1050-1063. [PMID: 34342278 PMCID: PMC8329861 DOI: 10.1107/s205979832100632x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/18/2021] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Homeobox transcription factors are key regulators of morphogenesis and development in both animals and plants. In plants, the WUSCHEL-related homeobox (WOX) family of transcription factors function as central organizers of several developmental programs ranging from embryo patterning to meristematic stem-cell maintenance through transcriptional activation and repression mechanisms. The Medicago truncatula STENOFOLIA (STF) gene is a master regulator of leaf-blade lateral development. Here, the crystal structure of the homeodomain (HD) of STF (STF-HD) in complex with its promoter DNA is reported at 2.1 Å resolution. STF-HD binds DNA as a tetramer, enclosing nearly the entire bound DNA surface. The STF-HD tetramer is partially stabilized by docking of the C-terminal tail of one protomer onto a conserved hydrophobic surface on the head of another protomer in a head-to-tail manner. STF-HD specifically binds TGA motifs, although the promoter sequence also contains TAAT motifs. Helix α3 not only serves a canonical role as a base reader in the major groove, but also provides DNA binding in the minor groove through basic residues located at its C-terminus. The structural and functional data in planta reported here provide new insights into the DNA-binding mechanisms of plant-specific HDs from the WOX family of transcription factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Prabhat Kumar Pathak
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Fei Zhang
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Shuxia Peng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Lifang Niu
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Juhi Chaturvedi
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
| | - Justin Elliott
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Yan Xiang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Texas Health Science Center at San Antonio, San Antonio, TX 78229, USA
| | - Million Tadege
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK 73401, USA
| | - Junpeng Deng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA
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Kumar S, Sharma V, Kumari R. Fabaceae leaf morphogenetic evolution: the leaf-lamina architectural variation in the Fabaceae flora of Indian Western Ghats, compared with that genetically characterized in the Fabaceae model species Pisum sativum and Medicago truncatula. PROCEEDINGS OF THE INDIAN NATIONAL SCIENCE ACADEMY 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s43538-021-00037-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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9
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Wang H, Kong F, Zhou C. From genes to networks: The genetic control of leaf development. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 63:1181-1196. [PMID: 33615731 DOI: 10.1111/jipb.13084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2020] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
Substantial diversity exists for both the size and shape of the leaf, the main photosynthetic organ of flowering plants. The two major forms of leaf are simple leaves, in which the leaf blade is undivided, and compound leaves, which comprise several leaflets. Leaves form at the shoot apical meristem from a group of undifferentiated cells, which first establish polarity, then grow and differentiate. Each of these processes is controlled by a combination of transcriptional regulators, microRNAs and phytohormones. The present review documents recent advances in our understanding of how these various factors modulate the development of both simple leaves (focusing mainly on the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana) and compound leaves (focusing mainly on the model legume species Medicago truncatula).
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Affiliation(s)
- Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Fanjiang Kong
- Innovative Center of Molecular Genetics and Evolution, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, 266101, China
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10
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Strain-Specific Biostimulant Effects of Chlorella and Chlamydomonas Green Microalgae on Medicago truncatula. PLANTS 2021; 10:plants10061060. [PMID: 34070559 PMCID: PMC8227499 DOI: 10.3390/plants10061060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2021] [Revised: 05/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/21/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Microalgae have been identified to produce a plethora of bioactive compounds exerting growth stimulating effects on plants. The objective of this study was to investigate the plant-growth-promoting effects of three selected strains of eukaryotic green microalgae. The biostimulatory effects of two Chlorella species (MACC-360 and MACC-38) and a Chlamydomonas reinhardtii strain (cc124) were investigated in a Medicago truncatula model plant grown under controlled greenhouse conditions. The physiological responses of the M. truncatula A17 ecotype to algal biomass addition were characterized thoroughly. The plants were cultivated in pots containing a mixture of vermiculite and soil (1:3) layered with clay at the bottom. The application of live algae cells using the soil drench method significantly increased the plants’ shoot length, leaf size, fresh weight, number of flowers and pigment content. For most of the parameters analyzed, the effects of treatment proved to be specific for the applied algae strains. Overall, Chlorella application led to more robust plants with increased fresh biomass, bigger leaves and more flowers/pods compared to the control and Chlamydomonas-treated samples receiving identical total nutrients.
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Wen L, Kong Y, Wang H, Xu Y, Lu Z, Zhang J, Wang M, Wang X, Han L, Zhou C. Interaction between the MtDELLA-MtGAF1 Complex and MtARF3 Mediates Transcriptional Control of MtGA3ox1 to Elaborate Leaf Margin Formation in Medicago truncatula. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2021; 62:321-333. [PMID: 33386852 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcaa163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The molecular mechanisms underlying the diversity of leaf shapes have been of great interest to researchers. Leaf shape depends on the pattern of serrations and the degree of indentation of leaf margins. Multiple transcription factors and hormone signaling pathways are involved in this process. In this study, we characterized the developmental roles of SMALL AND SERRATED LEAF (SSL) by analyzing a recessive mutant in the model legume Medicago truncatula. An ortholog of Arabidopsis thaliana GA3-oxidase 1 (GA3ox1), MtGA3ox1/SSL, is required for GA biosynthesis. Loss of function in MtGA3ox1 results in the small plant and lateral organs. The prominent phenotype of the mtga3ox1 mutant is a more pronounced leaf margin, indicating the critical role of GA level in leaf margin formation. Moreover, 35S:MtDELLA2ΔDELLA and 35S:MtARF3 transgenic plants display leaves with a deeply wavy margin, which resembles those of mtga3ox1. Further investigations show that MtGA3ox1 is under the control of MtDELLA1/2/3-MtGAF1 complex-dependent feedback regulation. Further, MtARF3 behaves as a competitive inhibitor of MtDELLA2/3-MtGAF1 complexes to repress the expression of MtGA3ox1 indirectly. These findings suggest that GA feedback regulatory circuits play a fundamental role in leaf margin formation, in which the posttranslational interaction between transcription factors functions as an additional feature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lizhu Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiming Kong
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
- School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Yiteng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Minmin Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Guangzhou University, Guangzhou 510006, China
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12
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Xu Y, Wang H, Lu Z, Wen L, Gu Z, Zhang X, Yu G, Wang H, Zhou C, Han L. Developmental Analysis of the GATA Factor HANABA TARANU Mutants in Medicago truncatula Reveals Their Roles in Nodule Formation. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:616776. [PMID: 33995430 PMCID: PMC8118203 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.616776] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 03/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Formation of nodules on legume roots results from symbiosis with rhizobial bacteria. Here, we identified two GATA transcription factors, MtHAN1 and MtHAN2, in Medicago truncatula, which are the homologs of HANABA TARANU (HAN) and HANABA TARANU LIKE in Arabidopsis thaliana. Our analysis revealed that MtHAN1 and MtHAN2 are expressed in roots and shoots including the root tip and nodule apex. We further show that MtHAN1 and MtHAN2 localize to the nucleus where they interact and that single and double loss-of-function mutants of MtHAN1 and MtHAN2 did not show any obvious phenotype in flower development, suggesting their role is different than their closest Arabidopsis homologues. Investigation of their symbiotic phenotypes revealed that the mthan1 mthan2 double mutant develop twice as many nodules as wild type, revealing a novel biological role for GATA transcription factors. We found that HAN1/2 transcript levels respond to nitrate treatment like their Arabidopsis counterparts. Global gene transcriptional analysis by RNA sequencing revealed different expression genes enriched for several pathways important for nodule development including flavonoid biosynthesis and phytohormones. In addition, further studies suggest that MtHAN1 and MtHAN2 are required for the expression of several nodule-specific cysteine-rich genes, which they may activate directly, and many peptidase and peptidase inhibitor genes. This work expands our knowledge of the functions of MtHANs in plants by revealing an unexpected role in legume nodulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiteng Xu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hongfeng Wang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhichao Lu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lizhu Wen
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiqun Gu
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Xue Zhang
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Guangle Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Hailong Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Institute of Microbial Technology, Helmholtz International Lab for Anti-infectives, Shandong University-Helmholtz Institute of Biotechnology, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Chuanen Zhou
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
| | - Lu Han
- The Key Laboratory of Plant Development and Environmental Adaptation Biology, Ministry of Education, School of Life Sciences, Shandong University, Qingdao, China
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Tvorogova VE, Krasnoperova EY, Potsenkovskaia EA, Kudriashov AA, Dodueva IE, Lutova LA. What Does the WOX Say? Review of Regulators, Targets, Partners. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s002689332102031x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Wolabu TW, Wang H, Tadesse D, Zhang F, Behzadirad M, Tvorogova VE, Abdelmageed H, Liu Y, Chen N, Chen J, Allen RD, Tadege M. WOX9 functions antagonistic to STF and LAM1 to regulate leaf blade expansion in Medicago truncatula and Nicotiana sylvestris. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2021; 229:1582-1597. [PMID: 32964420 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2020] [Accepted: 09/07/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
WOX family transcription factors regulate multiple developmental programs. The intermediate clade transcriptional activator WOX9 functions together with the modern clade transcriptional repressor WOX genes in embryogenesis and meristems maintenance, but the mechanism of this interaction is unclear. STF and LAM1 are WOX1 orthologs required for leaf blade outgrowth in Medicago truncatula and Nicotiana sylvestris, respectively. Using biochemical methods and genome editing technology, here we show that WOX9 is an abaxial factor and functions antagonistically to STF and LAM1 to regulate leaf blade development. While NsWOX9 ectopic expression enhances the lam1 mutant phenotype, and antisense expression partially rescues the lam1 mutant, both overexpression and knockout of NsWOX9 in N. sylvestris resulted in a range of severe leaf blade distortions, indicating important role in blade development. Our results indicate that direct repression of WOX9 by WUS clade repressor STF/LAM1 is required for correct blade architecture and patterning in M. truncatula and N. sylvestris. These findings suggest that controlling transcriptional activation and repression mechanisms by direct interaction of activator and repressor WOX genes may be required for cell proliferation and differentiation homeostasis, and could be an evolutionarily conserved mechanism for the development of complex and diverse morphology in flowering plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tezera W Wolabu
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Noble Research Institute, LLC, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Hui Wang
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- College of Grassland Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Dimiru Tadesse
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Fei Zhang
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Molecular, Cellular and Developmental Biology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, 06520-8104, USA
| | - Marjan Behzadirad
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Varvara E Tvorogova
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Genetics and Biotechnology, St Petersburg State University, St Petersburg, 199034, Russia
| | - Haggag Abdelmageed
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Agricultural Botany, Faculty of Agriculture, Cairo University, Giza,, 12613, Egypt
| | - Ye Liu
- School of Life Science, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Naichong Chen
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Randy D Allen
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
| | - Million Tadege
- Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK, 74078, USA
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15
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Zhao B, He L, Jiang C, Liu Y, He H, Bai Q, Zhou S, Zheng X, Wen J, Mysore KS, Tadege M, Liu Y, Liu R, Chen J. Lateral Leaflet Suppression 1 (LLS1), encoding the MtYUCCA1 protein, regulates lateral leaflet development in Medicago truncatula. THE NEW PHYTOLOGIST 2020; 227:613-628. [PMID: 32170762 DOI: 10.1111/nph.16539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2019] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In species with compound leaves, the positions of leaflet primordium initiation are associated with local peaks of auxin accumulation. However, the role of auxin during the late developmental stages and outgrowth of compound leaves remains largely unknown. Using genome resequencing approaches, we identified insertion sites at four alleles of the LATERAL LEAFLET SUPPRESSION1 (LLS1) gene, encoding the auxin biosynthetic enzyme YUCCA1 in Medicago truncatula. Linkage analysis and complementation tests showed that the lls1 mutant phenotypes were caused by the Tnt1 insertions that disrupted the LLS1 gene. The transcripts of LLS1 can be detected in primordia at early stages of leaf initiation and later in the basal regions of leaflets, and finally in vein tissues at late leaf developmental stages. Vein numbers and auxin content are reduced in the lls1-1 mutant. Analysis of the lls1 sgl1 and lls1 palm1 double mutants revealed that SGL1 is epistatic to LLS1, and LLS1 works with PALM1 in an independent pathway to regulate the growth of lateral leaflets. Our work demonstrates that the YUCCA1/YUCCA4 subgroup plays very important roles in the outgrowth of lateral leaflets during compound leaf development of M. truncatula, in addition to leaf venation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baolin Zhao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Liangliang He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Chuan Jiang
- College of Life Science, Hebei Normal University, 20 East 2nd Ring South, Shijiazhuang, 050024, China
| | - Ye Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- School of life Sciences, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, 230027, China
| | - Hua He
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Quanzi Bai
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Shaoli Zhou
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xiaoling Zheng
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Jiangqi Wen
- Noble Research Institute, 2510 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | | | - Million Tadege
- Department of Plant and Soil Sciences, Institute for Agricultural Biosciences, Oklahoma State University, 3210 Sam Noble Parkway, Ardmore, OK, 73401, USA
| | - Yu Liu
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
| | - Renyi Liu
- Haixia Institute of Science and Technology, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jianghua Chen
- CAS Key Laboratory of Topical Plant Resources and Sustainable Use, CAS Center for Excellence in Molecular Plant Sciences, Xishuangbanna Tropical Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 88 Xuefu Road, Kunming, Yunnan, 650223, China
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