1
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Junglas B, Hudina E, Schönnenbeck P, Ritter I, Heddier A, Santiago-Schübel B, Huesgen PF, Schneider D, Sachse C. Structural plasticity of bacterial ESCRT-III protein PspA in higher-order assemblies. Nat Struct Mol Biol 2024:10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7. [PMID: 39152237 DOI: 10.1038/s41594-024-01359-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Eukaryotic members of the endosome sorting complex required for transport-III (ESCRT-III) family have been shown to form diverse higher-order assemblies. The bacterial phage shock protein A (PspA) has been identified as a member of the ESCRT-III superfamily, and PspA homo-oligomerizes to form rod-shaped assemblies. As observed for eukaryotic ESCRT-III, PspA forms tubular assemblies of varying diameters. Using electron cryo-electron microscopy, we determined 61 Synechocystis PspA structures and observed in molecular detail how the structural plasticity of PspA rods is mediated by conformational changes at three hinge regions in the monomer and by the fixed and changing molecular contacts between protomers. Moreover, we reduced and increased the structural plasticity of PspA rods by removing the loop connecting helices α3/α4 and the addition of nucleotides, respectively. Based on our analysis of PspA-mediated membrane remodeling, we suggest that the observed mode of structural plasticity is a prerequisite for the biological function of ESCRT-III members.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Esther Hudina
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philipp Schönnenbeck
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ilona Ritter
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Anja Heddier
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Beatrix Santiago-Schübel
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
| | - Pitter F Huesgen
- Zentralinstitut für Engineering, Elektronik und Analytik (ZEA-3), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany
- Cluster of Excellence on Aging-related Disorders (CECAD), Medical Faculty and University Hospital, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
- Institute of Biochemistry, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Jülich, Germany.
- Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Düsseldorf, Germany.
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2
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Böde K, Javornik U, Dlouhý O, Zsíros O, Biswas A, Domonkos I, Šket P, Karlický V, Ughy B, Lambrev PH, Špunda V, Plavec J, Garab G. Role of isotropic lipid phase in the fusion of photosystem II membranes. PHOTOSYNTHESIS RESEARCH 2024; 161:127-140. [PMID: 38662326 PMCID: PMC11269484 DOI: 10.1007/s11120-024-01097-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2023] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024]
Abstract
It has been thoroughly documented, by using 31P-NMR spectroscopy, that plant thylakoid membranes (TMs), in addition to the bilayer (or lamellar, L) phase, contain at least two isotropic (I) lipid phases and an inverted hexagonal (HII) phase. However, our knowledge concerning the structural and functional roles of the non-bilayer phases is still rudimentary. The objective of the present study is to elucidate the origin of I phases which have been hypothesized to arise, in part, from the fusion of TMs (Garab et al. 2022 Progr Lipid Res 101,163). We take advantage of the selectivity of wheat germ lipase (WGL) in eliminating the I phases of TMs (Dlouhý et al. 2022 Cells 11: 2681), and the tendency of the so-called BBY particles, stacked photosystem II (PSII) enriched membrane pairs of 300-500 nm in diameter, to form large laterally fused sheets (Dunahay et al. 1984 BBA 764: 179). Our 31P-NMR spectroscopy data show that BBY membranes contain L and I phases. Similar to TMs, WGL selectively eliminated the I phases, which at the same time exerted no effect on the molecular organization and functional activity of PSII membranes. As revealed by sucrose-density centrifugation, magnetic linear dichroism spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy, WGL disassembled the large laterally fused sheets. These data provide direct experimental evidence on the involvement of I phase(s) in the fusion of stacked PSII membrane pairs, and strongly suggest the role of non-bilayer lipids in the self-assembly of the TM system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Böde
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Uroš Javornik
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Ondřej Dlouhý
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
| | - Ottó Zsíros
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Avratanu Biswas
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
- Doctoral School of Biology, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Ildikó Domonkos
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Primož Šket
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Václav Karlický
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Bettina Ughy
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Petar H Lambrev
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary
| | - Vladimír Špunda
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic
- Global Change Research Institute of the Czech Academy of Sciences, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Janez Plavec
- Slovenian NMR Center, National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Faculty of Chemistry and Chemical Technology, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia
- EN-FIST Center of Excellence, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Győző Garab
- Institute of Plant Biology, HUN-REN Biological Research Centre, Szeged, Hungary.
- Department of Physics, Faculty of Science, University of Ostrava, Ostrava, Czech Republic.
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3
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Cyanobacterial membrane dynamics in the light of eukaryotic principles. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:232406. [PMID: 36602300 PMCID: PMC9950537 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20221269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular compartmentalization is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. Dynamic membrane remodeling, involving membrane fission/fusion events, clearly is crucial for cell viability and function, as well as membrane stabilization and/or repair, e.g., during or after injury. In recent decades, several proteins involved in membrane stabilization and/or dynamic membrane remodeling have been identified and described in eukaryotes. Yet, while typically not having a cellular organization as complex as eukaryotes, also bacteria can contain extra internal membrane systems besides the cytoplasmic membranes (CMs). Thus, also in bacteria mechanisms must have evolved to stabilize membranes and/or trigger dynamic membrane remodeling processes. In fact, in recent years proteins, which were initially defined being eukaryotic inventions, have been recognized also in bacteria, and likely these proteins shape membranes also in these organisms. One example of a complex prokaryotic inner membrane system is the thylakoid membrane (TM) of cyanobacteria, which contains the complexes of the photosynthesis light reaction. Cyanobacteria are evolutionary closely related to chloroplasts, and extensive remodeling of the internal membrane systems has been observed in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria during membrane biogenesis and/or at changing light conditions. We here discuss common principles guiding eukaryotic and prokaryotic membrane dynamics and the proteins involved, with a special focus on the dynamics of the cyanobacterial TMs and CMs.
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Junglas B, Axt A, Siebenaller C, Sonel H, Hellmann N, Weber SAL, Schneider D. Membrane destabilization and pore formation induced by the Synechocystis IM30 protein. Biophys J 2022; 121:3411-3421. [PMID: 35986519 PMCID: PMC9515227 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2022.08.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2022] [Revised: 07/21/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa (IM30) is essential in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. The spatio-temporal cellular localization of the protein appears to be highly dynamic and triggered by internal as well as external stimuli, mainly light intensity. The soluble fraction of the protein is localized in the cyanobacterial cytoplasm or the chloroplast stroma, respectively. Additionally, the protein attaches to the thylakoid membrane as well as to the chloroplast inner envelope or the cyanobacterial cytoplasmic membrane, respectively, especially under conditions of membrane stress. IM30 is involved in thylakoid membrane biogenesis and/or maintenance, where it either stabilizes membranes and/or triggers membrane-fusion processes. These apparently contradicting functions have to be tightly controlled and separated spatiotemporally in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. IM30's fusogenic activity depends on Mg2+ binding to IM30; yet, it still is unclear how Mg2+-loaded IM30 interacts with membranes and promotes membrane fusion. Here, we show that the interaction of Mg2+ with IM30 results in increased binding of IM30 to native, as well as model, membranes. Via atomic force microscopy in liquid, IM30-induced bilayer defects were observed in solid-supported bilayers in the presence of Mg2+. These structures differ dramatically from the membrane-stabilizing carpet structures that were previously observed in the absence of Mg2+. Thus, Mg2+-induced alterations of the IM30 structure switch the IM30 activity from a membrane-stabilizing to a membrane-destabilizing function, a crucial step in membrane fusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amelie Axt
- Max Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Hilal Sonel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan A L Weber
- Max Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany; Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Mainz, Germany.
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5
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Junglas B, Huber ST, Heidler T, Schlösser L, Mann D, Hennig R, Clarke M, Hellmann N, Schneider D, Sachse C. PspA adopts an ESCRT-III-like fold and remodels bacterial membranes. Cell 2021; 184:3674-3688.e18. [PMID: 34166616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2021.05.042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/16/2020] [Revised: 03/01/2021] [Accepted: 05/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
PspA is the main effector of the phage shock protein (Psp) system and preserves the bacterial inner membrane integrity and function. Here, we present the 3.6 Å resolution cryoelectron microscopy (cryo-EM) structure of PspA assembled in helical rods. PspA monomers adopt a canonical ESCRT-III fold in an extended open conformation. PspA rods are capable of enclosing lipids and generating positive membrane curvature. Using cryo-EM, we visualized how PspA remodels membrane vesicles into μm-sized structures and how it mediates the formation of internalized vesicular structures. Hotspots of these activities are zones derived from PspA assemblies, serving as lipid transfer platforms and linking previously separated lipid structures. These membrane fusion and fission activities are in line with the described functional properties of bacterial PspA/IM30/LiaH proteins. Our structural and functional analyses reveal that bacterial PspA belongs to the evolutionary ancestry of ESCRT-III proteins involved in membrane remodeling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan T Huber
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Thomas Heidler
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlösser
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Daniel Mann
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany
| | - Raoul Hennig
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Mairi Clarke
- European Molecular Biology Laboratory (EMBL), Structural and Computational Biology Unit, Meyerhofstraße 1, 69117 Heidelberg, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany.
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons, ER-C-3/Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, 52425 Jülich, Germany; Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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6
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Siebenaller C, Schlösser L, Junglas B, Schmidt-Dengler M, Jacob D, Hellmann N, Sachse C, Helm M, Schneider D. Binding and/or hydrolysis of purine-based nucleotides is not required for IM30 ring formation. FEBS Lett 2021; 595:1876-1885. [PMID: 34060653 DOI: 10.1002/1873-3468.14140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2020] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
IM30, the inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa, is conserved in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. Although its exact physiological function is still mysterious, IM30 is clearly essential for thylakoid membrane biogenesis and/or dynamics. Recently, a cryptic IM30 GTPase activity has been reported, albeit thus far no physiological function has been attributed to this. Yet, it is still possible that GTP binding/hydrolysis affects formation of the prototypical large homo-oligomeric IM30 ring and rod structures. Here, we show that the Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 IM30 protein in fact is an NTPase that hydrolyzes GTP and ATP, but not CTP or UTP, with about identical rates. While IM30 forms large oligomeric ring complexes, nucleotide binding and/or hydrolysis are clearly not required for ring formation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlösser
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C-3/Structural Biology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Martina Schmidt-Dengler
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Dominik Jacob
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Carsten Sachse
- Ernst-Ruska Centre for Microscopy and Spectroscopy with Electrons (ER-C-3/Structural Biology), Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany.,JuStruct: Jülich Center for Structural Biology, Forschungszentrum Jülich, Germany
| | - Mark Helm
- Institute for Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Sciences, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany.,Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, Germany
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Willdigg JR, Helmann JD. Mini Review: Bacterial Membrane Composition and Its Modulation in Response to Stress. Front Mol Biosci 2021; 8:634438. [PMID: 34046426 PMCID: PMC8144471 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.634438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/13/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics and other agents that perturb the synthesis or integrity of the bacterial cell envelope trigger compensatory stress responses. Focusing on Bacillus subtilis as a model system, this mini-review summarizes current views of membrane structure and insights into how cell envelope stress responses remodel and protect the membrane. Altering the composition and properties of the membrane and its associated proteome can protect cells against detergents, antimicrobial peptides, and pore-forming compounds while also, indirectly, contributing to resistance against compounds that affect cell wall synthesis. Many of these regulatory responses are broadly conserved, even where the details of regulation may differ, and can be important in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - John D. Helmann
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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8
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Nymark M, Grønbech Hafskjold MC, Volpe C, Fonseca DDM, Sharma A, Tsirvouli E, Serif M, Winge P, Finazzi G, Bones AM. Functional studies of CpSRP54 in diatoms show that the mechanism of thylakoid protein insertion differs from that in plants and green algae. THE PLANT JOURNAL : FOR CELL AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY 2021; 106:113-132. [PMID: 33372269 DOI: 10.1111/tpj.15149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The chloroplast signal recognition particle 54 kDa (CpSRP54) protein is a member of the CpSRP pathway known to target proteins to thylakoid membranes in plants and green algae. Loss of CpSRP54 in the marine diatom Phaeodactylum tricornutum lowers the accumulation of a selection of chloroplast-encoded subunits of photosynthetic complexes, indicating a role in the co-translational part of the CpSRP pathway. In contrast to plants and green algae, absence of CpSRP54 does not have a negative effect on the content of light-harvesting antenna complex proteins and pigments in P. tricornutum, indicating that the diatom CpSRP54 protein has not evolved to function in the post-translational part of the CpSRP pathway. Cpsrp54 KO mutants display altered photophysiological responses, with a stronger induction of photoprotective mechanisms and lower growth rates compared to wild type when exposed to increased light intensities. Nonetheless, their phenotype is relatively mild, thanks to the activation of mechanisms alleviating the loss of CpSRP54, involving upregulation of chaperones. We conclude that plants, green algae, and diatoms have evolved differences in the pathways for co-translational and post-translational insertion of proteins into the thylakoid membranes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marianne Nymark
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Marthe Caroline Grønbech Hafskjold
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Charlotte Volpe
- Department of Biotechnology and Food Science, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Davi de Miranda Fonseca
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
- Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility (PROMEC), NTNU and Central Administration, St Olavs Hospital, The University Hospital in Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Animesh Sharma
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Medicine, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, NTNU, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
- Proteomics and Modomics Experimental Core Facility (PROMEC), NTNU and Central Administration, St Olavs Hospital, The University Hospital in Trondheim, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Eirini Tsirvouli
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Manuel Serif
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Per Winge
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
| | - Giovanni Finazzi
- Université Grenoble Alpes (UGA), Laboratoire de Physiologie Cellulaire et Végétale, UMR 5168, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique et aux Energies Alternatives (CEA), Interdisciplinary Research Institute of Grenoble (IRIG), CEA-Grenoble, Grenoble, 38000, France
| | - Atle Magnar Bones
- Department of Biology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, N-7491, Norway
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9
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Willdigg JR, Helmann JD. Mini Review: Bacterial Membrane Composition and Its Modulation in Response to Stress. Front Mol Biosci 2021. [PMID: 34046426 DOI: 10.3389/fmolb.2021.634438/bibtex] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/23/2023] Open
Abstract
Antibiotics and other agents that perturb the synthesis or integrity of the bacterial cell envelope trigger compensatory stress responses. Focusing on Bacillus subtilis as a model system, this mini-review summarizes current views of membrane structure and insights into how cell envelope stress responses remodel and protect the membrane. Altering the composition and properties of the membrane and its associated proteome can protect cells against detergents, antimicrobial peptides, and pore-forming compounds while also, indirectly, contributing to resistance against compounds that affect cell wall synthesis. Many of these regulatory responses are broadly conserved, even where the details of regulation may differ, and can be important in the emergence of antibiotic resistance in clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica R Willdigg
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
| | - John D Helmann
- Department of Microbiology, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, United States
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10
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Junglas B, Orru R, Axt A, Siebenaller C, Steinchen W, Heidrich J, Hellmich UA, Hellmann N, Wolf E, Weber SAL, Schneider D. IM30 IDPs form a membrane-protective carpet upon super-complex disassembly. Commun Biol 2020; 3:595. [PMID: 33087858 PMCID: PMC7577978 DOI: 10.1038/s42003-020-01314-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 09/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Members of the phage shock protein A (PspA) family, including the inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa (IM30), are suggested to stabilize stressed cellular membranes. Furthermore, IM30 is essential in thylakoid membrane-containing chloroplasts and cyanobacteria, where it is involved in membrane biogenesis and/or remodeling. While it is well known that PspA and IM30 bind to membranes, the mechanism of membrane stabilization is still enigmatic. Here we report that ring-shaped IM30 super-complexes disassemble on membranes, resulting in formation of a membrane-protecting protein carpet. Upon ring dissociation, the C-terminal domain of IM30 unfolds, and the protomers self-assemble on membranes. IM30 assemblies at membranes have been observed before in vivo and were associated with stress response in cyanobacteria and chloroplasts. These assemblies likely correspond to the here identified carpet structures. Our study defines the thus far enigmatic structural basis for the physiological function of IM30 and related proteins, including PspA, and highlights a hitherto unrecognized concept of membrane stabilization by intrinsically disordered proteins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Roberto Orru
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Amelie Axt
- Max Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Wieland Steinchen
- Philipps-University Marburg, Center for Synthetic Microbiology (SYNMIKRO) and Department of Chemistry, 35032, Marburg, Germany
| | - Jennifer Heidrich
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Ute A Hellmich
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Centre for Biomolecular Magnetic Resonance (BMRZ), Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60438, Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology (IMB), 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Stefan A L Weber
- Max Planck-Institute for Polymer Research, 55128, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Physics, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55099, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Siebenaller C, Junglas B, Lehmann A, Hellmann N, Schneider D. Proton Leakage Is Sensed by IM30 and Activates IM30-Triggered Membrane Fusion. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E4530. [PMID: 32630559 PMCID: PMC7350238 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21124530] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The inner membrane-associated protein of 30 kDa (IM30) is crucial for the development and maintenance of the thylakoid membrane system in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. While its exact physiological function still is under debate, it has recently been suggested that IM30 has (at least) a dual function, and the protein is involved in stabilization of the thylakoid membrane as well as in Mg2+-dependent membrane fusion. IM30 binds to negatively charged membrane lipids, preferentially at stressed membrane regions where protons potentially leak out from the thylakoid lumen into the chloroplast stroma or the cyanobacterial cytoplasm, respectively. Here we show in vitro that IM30 membrane binding, as well as membrane fusion, is strongly increased in acidic environments. This enhanced activity involves a rearrangement of the protein structure. We suggest that this acid-induced transition is part of a mechanism that allows IM30 to (i) sense sites of proton leakage at the thylakoid membrane, to (ii) preferentially bind there, and to (iii) seal leaky membrane regions via membrane fusion processes.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (C.S.); (B.J.); (A.L.); (N.H.)
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Junglas B, Siebenaller C, Schlösser L, Hellmann N, Schneider D. GTP hydrolysis by Synechocystis IM30 does not decisively affect its membrane remodeling activity. Sci Rep 2020; 10:9793. [PMID: 32555292 PMCID: PMC7299955 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-66818-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2020] [Accepted: 05/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The function of IM30 (also known as Vipp1) is linked to protection and/or remodeling of the thylakoid membrane system in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria. Recently, it has been revealed that the Arabidopsis IM30 protein exhibits GTP hydrolyzing activity in vitro, which was unexpected, as IM30 does not show any classical GTPase features. In the present study, we addressed the question, whether an apparent GTPase activity is conserved in IM30 proteins and can also be observed for IM30 of the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. We show that Synechocystis IM30 is indeed able to bind and hydrolyze GTP followed by the release of Pi. Yet, the apparent GTPase activity of Synechocystis IM30 does not depend on Mg2+, which, together with the lack of classical GTPase features, renders IM30 an atypical GTPase. To elucidate the impact of this cryptic GTPase activity on the membrane remodeling activity of IM30, we tested whether GTP hydrolysis influences IM30 membrane binding and/or IM30-mediated membrane fusion. We show that membrane remodeling by Synechocystis IM30 is slightly affected by nucleotides. Yet, despite IM30 clearly catalyzing GTP hydrolysis, this does not seem to be vital for its membrane remodeling function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Junglas
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Carmen Siebenaller
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Lukas Schlösser
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Nadja Hellmann
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128, Mainz, Germany.
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Thurotte A, Seidel T, Jilly R, Kahmann U, Schneider D. DnaK3 Is Involved in Biogenesis and/or Maintenance of Thylakoid Membrane Protein Complexes in the Cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Life (Basel) 2020; 10:life10050055. [PMID: 32366017 PMCID: PMC7281324 DOI: 10.3390/life10050055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2020] [Revised: 04/27/2020] [Accepted: 04/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
DnaK3, a highly conserved cyanobacterial chaperone of the Hsp70 family, binds to cyanobacterial thylakoid membranes, and an involvement of DnaK3 in the biogenesis of thylakoid membranes has been suggested. As shown here, light triggers synthesis of DnaK3 in the cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803, which links DnaK3 to the biogenesis of thylakoid membranes and to photosynthetic processes. In a DnaK3 depleted strain, the photosystem content is reduced and the photosystem II activity is impaired, whereas photosystem I is regular active. An impact of DnaK3 on the activity of other thylakoid membrane complexes involved in electron transfer is indicated. In conclusion, DnaK3 is a versatile chaperone required for biogenesis and/or maintenance of thylakoid membrane-localized protein complexes involved in electron transfer reactions. As mentioned above, Hsp70 proteins are involved in photoprotection and repair of PS II in chloroplasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adrien Thurotte
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (T.S.); (R.J.)
- Institute of Molecular Biosciences, Goethe University Frankfurt, Max-von-Laue Straße 9, 60438 Frankfurt, Germany
| | - Tobias Seidel
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (T.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Ruven Jilly
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (T.S.); (R.J.)
| | - Uwe Kahmann
- Department of Molecular Cell Biology, Bielefeld University, 33615 Bielefeld, Germany;
| | - Dirk Schneider
- Department of Chemistry, Biochemistry, Johannes Gutenberg University Mainz, 55128 Mainz, Germany; (A.T.); (T.S.); (R.J.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +49-6131-39-25833
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