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Siebenaller C, Schneider D. Cyanobacterial membrane dynamics in the light of eukaryotic principles. Biosci Rep 2023; 43. [PMID: 36602300 DOI: 10.1042/BSR20221269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 01/03/2023] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Intracellular compartmentalization is a hallmark of eukaryotic cells. Dynamic membrane remodeling, involving membrane fission/fusion events, clearly is crucial for cell viability and function, as well as membrane stabilization and/or repair, e.g., during or after injury. In recent decades, several proteins involved in membrane stabilization and/or dynamic membrane remodeling have been identified and described in eukaryotes. Yet, while typically not having a cellular organization as complex as eukaryotes, also bacteria can contain extra internal membrane systems besides the cytoplasmic membranes (CMs). Thus, also in bacteria mechanisms must have evolved to stabilize membranes and/or trigger dynamic membrane remodeling processes. In fact, in recent years proteins, which were initially defined being eukaryotic inventions, have been recognized also in bacteria, and likely these proteins shape membranes also in these organisms. One example of a complex prokaryotic inner membrane system is the thylakoid membrane (TM) of cyanobacteria, which contains the complexes of the photosynthesis light reaction. Cyanobacteria are evolutionary closely related to chloroplasts, and extensive remodeling of the internal membrane systems has been observed in chloroplasts and cyanobacteria during membrane biogenesis and/or at changing light conditions. We here discuss common principles guiding eukaryotic and prokaryotic membrane dynamics and the proteins involved, with a special focus on the dynamics of the cyanobacterial TMs and CMs.
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Morales J, Ehret G, Poschmann G, Reinicke T, Maurya AK, Kröninger L, Zanini D, Wolters R, Kalyanaraman D, Krakovka M, Bäumers M, Stühler K, Nowack ECM. Host-symbiont interactions in Angomonas deanei include the evolution of a host-derived dynamin ring around the endosymbiont division site. Curr Biol 2023; 33:28-40.e7. [PMID: 36480982 DOI: 10.1016/j.cub.2022.11.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2022] [Revised: 09/09/2022] [Accepted: 11/09/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
The trypanosomatid Angomonas deanei is a model to study endosymbiosis. Each cell contains a single β-proteobacterial endosymbiont that divides at a defined point in the host cell cycle and contributes essential metabolites to the host metabolism. Additionally, one endosymbiont gene, encoding an ornithine cyclodeaminase (OCD), was transferred by endosymbiotic gene transfer (EGT) to the nucleus. However, the molecular mechanisms mediating the intricate host/symbiont interactions are largely unexplored. Here, we used protein mass spectrometry to identify nucleus-encoded proteins that co-purify with the endosymbiont. Expression of fluorescent fusion constructs of these proteins in A. deanei confirmed seven host proteins to be recruited to specific sites within the endosymbiont. These endosymbiont-targeted proteins (ETPs) include two proteins annotated as dynamin-like protein and peptidoglycan hydrolase that form a ring-shaped structure around the endosymbiont division site that remarkably resembles organellar division machineries. The EGT-derived OCD was not among the ETPs, but instead localizes to the glycosome, likely enabling proline production in the glycosome. We hypothesize that recalibration of the metabolic capacity of the glycosomes that are closely associated with the endosymbiont helps to supply the endosymbiont with metabolites it is auxotrophic for and thus supports the integration of host and endosymbiont metabolic networks. Hence, scrutiny of endosymbiosis-induced protein re-localization patterns in A. deanei yielded profound insights into how an endosymbiotic relationship can stabilize and deepen over time far beyond the level of metabolite exchange.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Morales
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Georg Ehret
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Gereon Poschmann
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias Reinicke
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anay K Maurya
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Lena Kröninger
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Davide Zanini
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rebecca Wolters
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Dhevi Kalyanaraman
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Michael Krakovka
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Miriam Bäumers
- Center for Advanced Imaging, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Proteome Research, Medical Faculty and University Hospital, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany; Molecular Proteomics Laboratory, Biological and Medical Research Centre (BMFZ), Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Eva C M Nowack
- Institute of Microbial Cell Biology, Department of Biology, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany.
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Gao X, Feng B, Tang D, Du C, Hou C, Jin S, Zhu J. Mitochondrial Features and Expressions of MFN2 and DRP1 during Spermiogenesis in Phascolosoma esculenta. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23. [PMID: 36555170 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232415517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2022] [Revised: 11/19/2022] [Accepted: 11/28/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria can fuse or divide, a phenomenon known as mitochondrial dynamics, and their distribution within a cell changes according to the physiological status of the cell. However, the functions of mitochondrial dynamics during spermatogenesis in animals other than mammals and fruit flies are poorly understood. In this study, we analyzed mitochondrial distribution and morphology during spermiogenesis in Sipuncula (Phascolosoma esculenta) and investigated the expression dynamics of mitochondrial fusion-related protein MFN2 and fission-related protein DRP1 during spermiogenesis. The mitochondria, which were elliptic with abundant lamellar cristae, were mainly localized near the nucleus and distributed unilaterally in cells during most stages of spermiogenesis. Their major axis length, average diameter, cross-sectional area, and volume are significantly changed during spermiogenesis. mfn2 and drp1 mRNA and proteins were most highly expressed in coelomic fluid, a spermatid development site for male P. esculenta, and highly expressed in the breeding stage compared to in the non-breeding stage. MFN2 and DRP1 expression levels were higher in components with many spermatids than in spermatid-free components. Immunofluorescence revealed that MFN2 and DRP1 were consistently expressed and that MFN2 co-localizes with mitochondria during spermiogenesis. The results provide evidence for an important role of mitochondrial dynamics during spermiogenesis from morphology and molecular biology in P. esculenta, broadening insights into the role of mitochondrial dynamics in animal spermiogenesis.
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Palmer SE, Smaczynska-de Rooij II, Marklew CJ, Allwood EG, Mishra R, Goldberg MW, Ayscough KR. A Charge Swap mutation E461K in the yeast dynamin Vps1 reduces endocytic invagination. Commun Integr Biol 2015; 8:e1051274. [PMID: 26478779 PMCID: PMC4594602 DOI: 10.1080/19420889.2015.1051274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 05/06/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vps1 is the yeast dynamin-like protein that functions during several membrane trafficking events including traffic from Golgi to vacuole, endosomal recycling and endocytosis. Vps1 can also function in peroxisomal fission indicating that its ability to drive membrane fission is relatively promiscuous. It has been of interest therefore that several mutations have been identified in Vps1 that only disrupt its endocytic function. Most recently, disruption of the interaction with actin through mutation of residues in one of the central stalk α helices (RR457,458 EE) has been shown to disrupt endocytosis and cause an accumulation of highly elongated invaginations in cells. This data supports the idea that an interaction between Vps1 and actin is important to drive the scission stage in endocytosis. Another Vps1 mutant generated in the study was vps1 E461K. Here we show data demonstrating that the E461K mutation also disrupts endocytosis but at an early stage, resulting in inhibition of the invagination step itself.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah E Palmer
- Department of Biomedical Science; University of Sheffield ; Sheffield, UK
| | | | | | - Ellen G Allwood
- Department of Biomedical Science; University of Sheffield ; Sheffield, UK
| | - Ritu Mishra
- Department of Biological Science; Durham University ; Durham, UK
| | | | - Kathryn R Ayscough
- Department of Biomedical Science; University of Sheffield ; Sheffield, UK
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Williams C, Opalinski L, Landgraf C, Costello J, Schrader M, Krikken AM, Knoops K, Kram AM, Volkmer R, van der Klei IJ. The membrane remodeling protein Pex11p activates the GTPase Dnm1p during peroxisomal fission. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2015; 112:6377-82. [PMID: 25941407 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.1418736112] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
The initial phase of peroxisomal fission requires the peroxisomal membrane protein Peroxin 11 (Pex11p), which remodels the membrane, resulting in organelle elongation. Here, we identify an additional function for Pex11p, demonstrating that Pex11p also plays a crucial role in the final step of peroxisomal fission: dynamin-like protein (DLP)-mediated membrane scission. First, we demonstrate that yeast Pex11p is necessary for the function of the GTPase Dynamin-related 1 (Dnm1p) in vivo. In addition, our data indicate that Pex11p physically interacts with Dnm1p and that inhibiting this interaction compromises peroxisomal fission. Finally, we demonstrate that Pex11p functions as a GTPase activating protein (GAP) for Dnm1p in vitro. Similar observations were made for mammalian Pex11β and the corresponding DLP Drp1, indicating that DLP activation by Pex11p is conserved. Our work identifies a previously unknown requirement for a GAP in DLP function.
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Dick A, Graf L, Olal D, von der Malsburg A, Gao S, Kochs G, Daumke O. Role of nucleotide binding and GTPase domain dimerization in dynamin-like myxovirus resistance protein A for GTPase activation and antiviral activity. J Biol Chem 2015; 290:12779-92. [PMID: 25829498 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m115.650325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Myxovirus resistance (Mx) GTPases are induced by interferon and inhibit multiple viruses, including influenza and human immunodeficiency viruses. They have the characteristic domain architecture of dynamin-related proteins with an N-terminal GTPase (G) domain, a bundle signaling element, and a C-terminal stalk responsible for self-assembly and effector functions. Human MxA (also called MX1) is expressed in the cytoplasm and is partly associated with membranes of the smooth endoplasmic reticulum. It shows a protein concentration-dependent increase in GTPase activity, indicating regulation of GTP hydrolysis via G domain dimerization. Here, we characterized a panel of G domain mutants in MxA to clarify the role of GTP binding and the importance of the G domain interface for the catalytic and antiviral function of MxA. Residues in the catalytic center of MxA and the nucleotide itself were essential for G domain dimerization and catalytic activation. In pulldown experiments, MxA recognized Thogoto virus nucleocapsid proteins independently of nucleotide binding. However, both nucleotide binding and hydrolysis were required for the antiviral activity against Thogoto, influenza, and La Crosse viruses. We further demonstrate that GTP binding facilitates formation of stable MxA assemblies associated with endoplasmic reticulum membranes, whereas nucleotide hydrolysis promotes dynamic redistribution of MxA from cellular membranes to viral targets. Our study highlights the role of nucleotide binding and hydrolysis for the intracellular dynamics of MxA during its antiviral action.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexej Dick
- From the Max-Delbrück Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, the Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Laura Graf
- the Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany, the Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19a, 79104 Freiburg, Germany, and
| | - Daniel Olal
- From the Max-Delbrück Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany
| | - Alexander von der Malsburg
- the Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany
| | - Song Gao
- the Sun Yat-sen University Cancer Center, State Key Laboratory of Oncology in South China, and Collaborative Innovation Center for Cancer Medicine, Guangzhou 510060, China
| | - Georg Kochs
- the Institute of Virology, University Medical Center, Hermann-Herder-Strasse 11, 79104 Freiburg, Germany, the Spemann Graduate School of Biology and Medicine, University of Freiburg, Albertstrasse 19a, 79104 Freiburg, Germany, and
| | - Oliver Daumke
- From the Max-Delbrück Centrum für Molekulare Medizin, Robert-Rössle-Strasse 10, 13125 Berlin, Germany, the Institute of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Freie Universität Berlin, Takustrasse 6, 14195 Berlin, Germany,
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