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Tajdel-Zielińska M, Janicki M, Marczak M, Ludwików A. Arabidopsis HECT and RING-type E3 Ligases Promote MAPKKK18 Degradation to Regulate Abscisic Acid Signaling. PLANT & CELL PHYSIOLOGY 2024; 65:390-404. [PMID: 38153765 PMCID: PMC11020294 DOI: 10.1093/pcp/pcad165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2023] [Revised: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/29/2023]
Abstract
Mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades are conserved signaling pathways that transduce extracellular signals into diverse cellular responses. Arabidopsis MAPKKK18 is a component of the MAPKKK17/18-MKK3-MPK1/2/7/14 cascades, which play critical roles in abscisic acid (ABA) signaling, drought tolerance and senescence. A very important aspect of MAP kinase signaling is both its activation and its termination, which must be tightly controlled to achieve appropriate biological responses. Recently, the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) has received increasing attention as a key mechanism for maintaining the homeostasis of MAPK cascade components and other ABA signaling effectors. Previous studies have shown that the stability of MAPKKK18 is regulated by the UPS via the ABA core pathway. Here, using multiple proteomic approaches, we found that MAPKKK17/18 turnover is tightly controlled by three E3 ligases, UPL1, UPL4 and KEG. We also identified lysines 154 and 237 as critical for MAPKKK18 stability. Taken together, this study sheds new light on the mechanism that controls MAPKKK17/18 activity and function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Tajdel-Zielińska
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Maciej Janicki
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Marczak
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Ludwików
- Laboratory Biotechnology, Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University Poznan, Uniwersytetu Poznańskiego 6, Poznań 61-614, Poland
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Akter N, Islam MSU, Rahman MS, Zohra FT, Rahman SM, Manirujjaman M, Sarkar MAR. Genome-wide identification and characterization of protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) gene family in sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) and their expression profiles in response to multiple abiotic stresses. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0298543. [PMID: 38507444 PMCID: PMC10954154 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0298543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 01/25/2024] [Indexed: 03/22/2024] Open
Abstract
Plant protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) plays vital roles in responding to various stresses, stimulating growth factors, phytohormones, and metabolic activities in many important plant species. However, the PP2C gene family has not been investigated in the economically valuable plant species sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.). This study used comprehensive bioinformatics tools to identify and characterize the PP2C gene family members in the sunflower genome (H. annuus r1.2). Additionally, we analyzed the expression profiles of these genes using RNA-seq data under four different stress conditions in both leaf and root tissues. A total of 121 PP2C genes were identified in the sunflower genome distributed unevenly across the 17 chromosomes, all containing the Type-2C phosphatase domain. HanPP2C genes are divided into 15 subgroups (A-L) based on phylogenetic tree analysis. Analyses of conserved domains, gene structures, and motifs revealed higher structural and functional similarities within various subgroups. Gene duplication and collinearity analysis showed that among the 53 HanPP2C gene pairs, 48 demonstrated segmental duplications under strong purifying selection pressure, with only five gene pairs showing tandem duplications. The abundant segmental duplication was observed compared to tandem duplication, which was the major factor underlying the dispersion of the PP2C gene family in sunflowers. Most HanPP2C proteins were localized in the nucleus, cytoplasm, and chloroplast. Among the 121 HanPP2C genes, we identified 71 miRNAs targeting 86 HanPP2C genes involved in plant developmental processes and response to abiotic stresses. By analyzing cis-elements, we identified 63 cis-regulatory elements in the promoter regions of HanPP2C genes associated with light responsiveness, tissue-specificity, phytohormone, and stress responses. Based on RNA-seq data from two sunflower tissues (leaf and root), 47 HanPP2C genes exhibited varying expression levels in leaf tissue, while 49 HanPP2C genes showed differential expression patterns in root tissue across all stress conditions. Transcriptome profiling revealed that nine HanPP2C genes (HanPP2C12, HanPP2C36, HanPP2C38, HanPP2C47, HanPP2C48, HanPP2C53, HanPP2C54, HanPP2C59, and HanPP2C73) exhibited higher expression in leaf tissue, and five HanPP2C genes (HanPP2C13, HanPP2C47, HanPP2C48, HanPP2C54, and HanPP2C95) showed enhanced expression in root tissue in response to the four stress treatments, compared to the control conditions. These results suggest that these HanPP2C genes may be potential candidates for conferring tolerance to multiple stresses and further detailed characterization to elucidate their functions. From these candidates, 3D structures were predicted for six HanPP2C proteins (HanPP2C47, HanPP2C48, HanPP2C53, HanPP2C54, HanPP2C59, and HanPP2C73), which provided satisfactory models. Our findings provide valuable insights into the PP2C gene family in the sunflower genome, which could play a crucial role in responding to various stresses. This information can be exploited in sunflower breeding programs to develop improved cultivars with increased abiotic stress tolerance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nasrin Akter
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md Shohel Ul Islam
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Md. Shahedur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - Fatema Tuz Zohra
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Rajshahi, Rajshahi, Bangladesh
| | - Shaikh Mizanur Rahman
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
| | - M. Manirujjaman
- Department of Structural and Cellular Biology, Tulane University School of Medicine, New Orleans, Louisiana, LA, United States of America
| | - Md. Abdur Rauf Sarkar
- Department of Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology, Faculty of Biological Science and Technology, Jashore University of Science and Technology, Jashore, Bangladesh
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Zhu Z, Yang M, Yang G, Zhang B, Cao X, Yuan J, Ge F, Wang S. PP2C phosphatases Ptc1 and Ptc2 dephosphorylate PGK1 to regulate autophagy and aflatoxin synthesis in the pathogenic fungus Aspergillus flavus. mBio 2023; 14:e0097723. [PMID: 37754565 PMCID: PMC10653812 DOI: 10.1128/mbio.00977-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
IMPORTANCE Aspergillus flavus is a model filamentous fungus that can produce aflatoxins when it infects agricultural crops. This study evaluated the protein phosphatase 2C (PP2C) family as a potential drug target with important physiological functions and pathological significance in A. flavus. We found that two redundant PP2C phosphatases, Ptc1 and Ptc2, regulate conidia development, aflatoxin synthesis, autophagic vesicle formation, and seed infection. The target protein phosphoglycerate kinase 1 (PGK1) that interacts with Ptc1 and Ptc2 is essential to regulate metabolism and the autophagy process. Furthermore, Ptc1 and Ptc2 regulate the phosphorylation level of PGK1 S203, which is important for influencing aflatoxin synthesis. Our results provide a potential target for interdicting the toxicity of A. flavus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhuo Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
- Mycotoxins of Fujian Province, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Mingkun Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Guang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Bei Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Xiaohong Cao
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Jun Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
| | - Feng Ge
- State Key Laboratory of Freshwater Ecology and Biotechnology, Institute of Hydrobiology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Shihua Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Ecological Pest Control for Fujian and Taiwan Crops, Key Laboratory of Biopesticide and Chemical Biology of Education Ministry, Key Laboratory of Pathogenic Fungi, School of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, China
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Pa V, Vijayaraghavareddy P, Uttarkar A, Dawane A, D S, V A, Kc B, Niranjan V, Ms S, Cv A, Makarla U, Vemanna RS. Novel small molecules targeting bZIP23 TF improve stomatal conductance and photosynthesis under mild drought stress by regulating ABA. FEBS J 2022; 289:6058-6077. [PMID: 35445538 DOI: 10.1111/febs.16461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 04/04/2022] [Accepted: 04/19/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Drought-induced abscisic acid (ABA) accumulation plays a key role in plant water relations by regulating stomatal movements. Although ABA helps in the survival of the plants, reduced carbon gain affects plant productivity. To improve crop productivity under mild drought stress conditions, it is necessary to manipulate ABA responses. Other research groups have used forward chemical genomics for the identification of ABA agonists and antagonists aiming to manipulate ABA biosynthesis and signalling. In the present study, we identified indolyl-ethyl amine and serotonin small molecules using a reverse chemical genomics approach, with these acting as potent inhibitors of ABA biosynthesis through transient regulation of bZIP23 transcription factor activity. In rice, wheat and soybean, each of the small molecules enhanced the germination of seeds, even in the presence of ABA. These molecules nullified the effect of ABA on intact and detached leaves, resulting in higher photosynthesis. Furthermore, these small molecules effectively reduced the transcription levels of bZIP23 targeting NCED4, PP2C49 and CO3 genes. Rice plants treated with the small molecules were found to have improved stomatal conductance, spikelet fertility and yield compared to untreated plants under mild drought stress conditions. Our results suggest that indolyl-ethyl amine and serotonin small molecules could be utilized to improve yield under mild drought conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vanitha Pa
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India.,Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | | | - Akshay Uttarkar
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Akashata Dawane
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Sujitha D
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ashwin V
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Babitha Kc
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
| | - Vidya Niranjan
- Department of Biotechnology, R.V. College of Engineering, Bengaluru, India
| | - Sheshshayee Ms
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Anuradha Cv
- Department of Biochemistry & Biotechnology, Annamalai University, Chidambaram, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Udayakumar Makarla
- Department of Crop Physiology, University of Agricultural Sciences, GKVK, Bengaluru, India
| | - Ramu S Vemanna
- Laboratory of Plant Functional Genomics, Regional Centre for Biotechnology, NCR Biotech Science Cluster, Faridabad, Haryana, India
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