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Chen XL, Li YL, Wang LC, Yang QC, Guo WZ. Responses of butter leaf lettuce to mixed red and blue light with extended light/dark cycle period. Sci Rep 2022; 12:6924. [PMID: 35484294 PMCID: PMC9051091 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-10681-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate the effects of extended light/dark (L/D) cycle period (relative to the diurnal L/D cycle) on lettuce and explore potential advantages of abnormal L/D cycles, butter leaf lettuce were grown in a plant factory with artificial light (PFAL) and exposed to mixed red (R) and blue (B) LED light with different L/D cycles that were respectively 16 h light/8 h dark (L16/D8, as control), L24/D12, L48/D24, L96/D48 and L120/D60. The results showed that, all the abnormal L/D cycles increased shoot dry weight (DW) of lettuce (by 34-83%) compared with the control, and lettuce DW increased with the L/D cycle period prolonged. The contents of soluble sugar and crude fiber in lettuce showed an overall upward trend with the length of L/D cycle extended, and the highest vitamin C content as well as low nitrate content were both detected in lettuce treated with L120/D60. The light use efficiency (LUE) and electric use efficiency (EUE) of lettuce reached the maximum (respectively 5.37% and 1.76%) under L120/D60 treatment and so were DW, Assimilation rate (A), RC/CS, ABS/CS, TRo/CS and DIo/CS, indicating that longer L/D cycle period was beneficial for the assimilation efficiency and dry matter accumulation in lettuce leaves. The highest shoot fresh weight (FW) and nitrate content detected in lettuce subjected to L24/D12 may be related to the vigorous growth of root, specific L/D cycle seemed to strengthen root growth and water absorption of lettuce. The openness level of RC in PSII (Ψo), ETo/CS, and PIabs were all the highest in lettuce treated with L24/D12, implying that slightly extending the L/D cycle period might promote the energy flowing to the final electron transfer chain. In general, irradiation modes with extended L/D cycle period had the potential to improve energy use efficiency and biomass of lettuce in PFAL. No obvious stress or injury was detected in lettuce subjected to prolonged L/D cycles in terms of plant growth and production. From the perspective of shoot FW, the optimal treatment in this study was L24/D12, while L120/D60 was the recommended treatment as regards of the energy use efficiency and nutritional quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiao-Li Chen
- Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - You-Li Li
- Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Li-Chun Wang
- Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China
| | - Qi-Chang Yang
- Institute of Environment and Sustainable Development in Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China.
| | - Wen-Zhong Guo
- Intelligent Equipment Research Center, Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences, Beijing, 100097, China.
- Key Laboratory of Urban Agriculture (North China), Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China.
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Lin Z, Guo C, Lou S, Jin S, Zeng W, Guo Y, Fang J, Xu Z, Zuo Z, Ma L. Functional analyses unveil the involvement of moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) group I and II NIN-LIKE PROTEINS in nitrate signaling regulation. PLANT SCIENCE : AN INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL PLANT BIOLOGY 2021; 306:110862. [PMID: 33775367 DOI: 10.1016/j.plantsci.2021.110862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 02/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
For rapid growth, moso bamboo (Phyllostachys edulis) requires large amounts of nutrients. Nitrate is an indispensable molecular signal to regulate nitrogen absorption and assimilation, which are regulated by group III NIN-LIKE PROTEINs (NLPs). However, no Phyllostachys edulis NLP (PeNLP) has been characterized. Here, eight PeNLPs were identified, which showed dynamic expression patterns in bamboo tissues. Nitrate did not affect PeNLP mRNA levels, and PeNLP1, -2, -5, -6, -7, and -8 successfully restored nitrate signaling in Arabidopsis atnlp7-1 protoplasts through recovering AtNiR and AtNRT2.1 expression. Four group I and II PeNLPs (PeNLP1, -2, -5, and -8) interacted with the nitrate-responsive cis-element of PeNiR. Moreover, nitrate triggered the nuclear retention of PeNLP8. PeNLP8 overexpression in Arabidopsis significantly increased the primary root length, lateral root number, leaf area, and dry and wet weight of the transgenic plants, and PeNLP8 expression rescued the root architectural defect phenotype of atnlp7-1 mutants. Interestingly, PeNLP8 overexpression dramatically reduced nitrate content but elevated total amino acid content in Arabidopsis. Overall, the present study unveiled the potential involvement of group I and II NLPs in nitrate signaling regulation and provided genetic resources for engineering plants with high nitrogen use efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zezhong Lin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Cuiting Guo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Shuaitong Lou
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Songsong Jin
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Weike Zeng
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Yanan Guo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Fujian Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Functional Biology, College of Life Sciences, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China
| | - Jun Fang
- Crop Breeding and Cultivating Institute, Shanghai Academy of Agriculture Sciences, Shanghai, 201403, China
| | - Zhenguo Xu
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Superior Timber Trees Resource Cultivation, Guangxi Forestry Research Institute, Nanning, 530002, China
| | - Zecheng Zuo
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China; Jilin Province Engineering Laboratory of Plant Genetic Improvement, College of Plant Science, Jilin University, Changchun, 130062, China
| | - Liuyin Ma
- Basic Forestry and Proteomics Research Center, College of Forestry, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002, China.
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