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Lou H, Wang F, Zhang J, Wei G, Wei J, Hu H, Li Y, Wang K, Wang Z, Huang Y, Wu J, Pei D, Huang J, Zhang Q. JrGA20ox1-transformed rootstocks deliver drought response signals to wild-type scions in grafted walnut. HORTICULTURE RESEARCH 2024; 11:uhae143. [PMID: 38988618 PMCID: PMC11233861 DOI: 10.1093/hr/uhae143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/13/2024] [Indexed: 07/12/2024]
Abstract
Targeted regulation using transgrafting technology has become a trend. However, the mechanisms of transgene-derived signal communication between rootstocks and scions remain unclear in woody plants. Here, we grafted wild-type (WT) walnut (Juglans regia L.) on WT (WT/WT), JrGA20ox1 (encodes a gibberellin 20-oxidase)-overexpressing (WT/OE), and JrGA20ox1-RNAi transformation (WT/RNAi) walnut in vitro. We aimed to elucidate the mechanisms of JrGA20ox1-derived signal communication under PEG-simulated drought stress between rootstocks and scions in walnut. We demonstrated that JrGA20ox1-OE and JrGA20ox1-RNAi rootstocks could transport active gibberellins (GAs) and JrGA20ox1-RNAi vector-produced sRNAs to WT scions under PEG-simulated drought stress, respectively. The movement of sRNAs further led to a successive decline in JrGA20ox1 expression and active GA content. Meanwhile, unknown mobile signals may move between rootstocks and scions. These mobile signals reduced the expression of a series of GA-responsive and GA-non-responsive genes, and induced ROS production in guard cells and an increase in ABA content, which may contribute to the drought tolerance of WT/RNAi, while the opposite occurred in WT/OE. The findings suggest that JrGA20ox1-derived rootstock-to-scion movement of signals is involved in drought tolerance of scions. Our research will provide a feasible approach for studying signal communication in woody plants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heqiang Lou
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Fengmin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jiaqi Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Guangli Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jingjing Wei
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Hengkang Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Yan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Ketao Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Zhengjia Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Youjun Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Jiasheng Wu
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Dong Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Key Laboratory of Tree Breeding and Cultivation of State Forestry and Grassland Administration, Research Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing 100091, China
| | - Jianqin Huang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
| | - Qixiang Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Subtropical Silviculture, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Forest Aromatic Plants-based Healthcare Functions, Zhejiang A&F University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 311300, China
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Alburquerque N, Pérez-Caselles C, Faize L, Ilardi V, Burgos L. Trans-grafting plum pox virus resistance from transgenic plum rootstocks to apricot scions. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2023; 14:1216217. [PMID: 37828929 PMCID: PMC10565502 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2023.1216217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 09/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Introduction Trans-grafting could be a strategy to transfer virus resistance from a transgenic rootstock to a wild type scion. However contradictory results have been obtained in herbaceous and woody plants. This work was intended to determine if the resistance to sharka could be transferred from transgenic plum rootstocks to wild-type apricot scions grafted onto them. Methods To this end, we conducted grafting experiments of wild- type apricots onto plum plants transformed with a construction codifying a hairpin RNA designed to silence the PPV virus and studied if the resistance was transmitted from the rootstock to the scion. Results Our data support that the RNA-silencing-based PPV resistance can be transmitted from PPV-resistant plum rootstocks to non-transgenic apricot scions and that its efficiency is augmented after successive growth cycles. PPV resistance conferred by the rootstocks was robust, already occurring within the same growing cycle and maintained in successive evaluation cycles. The RNA silencing mechanism reduces the relative accumulation of the virus progressively eliminating the virus from the wild type scions grafted on the transgenic resistant PPV plants. There was a preferential accumulation of the 24nt siRNAs in the scions grafted onto resistant rootstocks that was not found in the scions grafted on the susceptible rootstock. This matched with a significantly lower relative accumulation of hpRNA in the resistant rootstocks compared with the susceptible or the tolerant ones. Discussion Using transgenic rootstocks should mitigate public concerns about transgenes dispersion and eating transgenic food and allow conferring virus resistance to recalcitrant to transformation cultivars or species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Alburquerque
- Fruit Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Cristian Pérez-Caselles
- Fruit Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Lydia Faize
- Fruit Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
| | - Vincenza Ilardi
- Research Centre for Plant Protection and Certification, Council for Agricultural Research and Economics (CREA-DC), Rome, Italy
| | - Lorenzo Burgos
- Fruit Biotechnology Group, Department of Plant Breeding, Centro de Edafología y Biología Aplicada del Segura- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (CEBAS-CSIC), Murcia, Spain
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Mourenets L, Pushin A, Timerbaev V, Khmelnitskaya T, Gribkov E, Andreev N, Dolgov S. Effect of Gene Silencing of Translation Initiation Factors eIF(iso)4G and eIF(iso)4E on Sour Cherry Rootstock Resistance to Sharka Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010360. [PMID: 36613806 PMCID: PMC9820581 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/28/2022] [Revised: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 12/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Sharka disease, caused by the Plum pox virus (PPV), is one of the most harmful, quarantine viral diseases that affect stone fruit crops. The absence of natural resistance to the virus in stone fruits has become a decisive factor for the use of genetic transformation methods to obtain stable forms. The eIF(iso)4G and eIF(iso)4E genes encode translation initiation factors used in the PPV life cycle. In the presented study, the effect of silencing these genes using the RNA interference method on the resistance of sour cherry rootstock 146-2 plants (Prunus pumila L. x Prunus tomentosa Thunb) to the sharka disease was studied. Two vectors have been created for the genetic transformation of plants, with self-complementary sequences of the eIF(iso)4G and eIF(iso)4E gene fragments. The hairpin expression cassette contains a strong promoter of the peach ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase (RuBisCo) gene, as well as an intron and terminator of the same gene. We used the pMF1 vector containing recombinase R and a codA-nptII gene which makes it possible to obtain intragenic marker-free plants. A successful genetic transformation was carried out by the AGL0 strain of A. tumefaciens. Whole leaves of shoots cultivated in vitro were used as a source of explants. Eight independent transgenic lines of rootstock 146-2 were obtained in experiments (sixlines with a hairpin to the eIF(iso)4G gene and two lines with a hairpin to the eIF(iso)4E gene). Their status was confirmed by the PCR and Southern blotting. The obtained plants were acclimatized in a greenhouse. The silencing of the eIF(iso)4G and eIF(iso)4E genes in transgenic plants was confirmed by the quantitative PCR. The presence of specific small interfering (si) RNAs was confirmed by the method of Northern blotting. Plants of all transgenic rootstock lines were infected with PPV by the method of grafting with infected buds. Resistance to the PPV infection of the obtained transgenic plants was carried out by using an enzyme immunoassay. The ELISA results showed that silencing the eIF(iso)4G gene did not lead to increased resistance while silencing the eIF(iso)4E factor gene led to increased resistance to the PPV, and the one line's plants showed no signs of infection for two years after infecting. The work demonstrates a (promising) approach in which the creation of stone cultures resistant to the plum pox virus can be achieved by suppressing the genes of translation initiation factors in clonal rootstocks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia Mourenets
- The Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Nikita Botanical Gardens — National Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 298648 Yalta, Russia
| | - Alexander Pushin
- The Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Science, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vadim Timerbaev
- The Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Nikita Botanical Gardens — National Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 298648 Yalta, Russia
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Science, 127550 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tatyana Khmelnitskaya
- The Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Eduard Gribkov
- Biological Institute, The National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Nikita Andreev
- Biological Institute, The National Research Tomsk State University, 634050 Tomsk, Russia
| | - Sergey Dolgov
- The Branch of the Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
- Nikita Botanical Gardens — National Scientific Centre, Russian Academy of Sciences, 298648 Yalta, Russia
- All-Russia Research Institute of Agricultural Biotechnology, Russian Academy of Science, 127550 Moscow, Russia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +7-4-96-773-1779
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Biotechnological Advances to Improve Abiotic Stress Tolerance in Crops. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms231912053. [PMID: 36233352 PMCID: PMC9570234 DOI: 10.3390/ijms231912053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The major challenges that agriculture is facing in the twenty-first century are increasing droughts, water scarcity, flooding, poorer soils, and extreme temperatures due to climate change. However, most crops are not tolerant to extreme climatic environments. The aim in the near future, in a world with hunger and an increasing population, is to breed and/or engineer crops to tolerate abiotic stress with a higher yield. Some crop varieties display a certain degree of tolerance, which has been exploited by plant breeders to develop varieties that thrive under stress conditions. Moreover, a long list of genes involved in abiotic stress tolerance have been identified and characterized by molecular techniques and overexpressed individually in plant transformation experiments. Nevertheless, stress tolerance phenotypes are polygenetic traits, which current genomic tools are dissecting to exploit their use by accelerating genetic introgression using molecular markers or site-directed mutagenesis such as CRISPR-Cas9. In this review, we describe plant mechanisms to sense and tolerate adverse climate conditions and examine and discuss classic and new molecular tools to select and improve abiotic stress tolerance in major crops.
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Wang MR, Bi WL, Ren L, Zhang AL, Ma XY, Zhang D, Volk GM, Wang QC. Micrografting: An Old Dog Plays New Tricks in Obligate Plant Pathogens. PLANT DISEASE 2022; 106:2545-2557. [PMID: 35350886 DOI: 10.1094/pdis-03-22-0475-fe] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Micrografting, which was developed almost 50 years ago, has long been used for virus eradication, micropropagation, regeneration, rejuvenation, and graft compatibility. Recently, micrografting has been used for studies of long-distance trafficking and signaling of molecules between scions and rootstocks. The graft transmissiveness of obligate plant pathogens, such as viruses, viroids, and phytoplasmas, facilitated the use of micrografting to study biological indexing and pathogen transmission, pathogen-induced graft incompatibility, and screening for the pathogen resistance during the past 20 years. The present study provides comprehensive information on the latter subjects. Finally, prospects are proposed to direct further studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min-Rui Wang
- College of Life Science, State Key Laboratory of Crop Stress Biology for Arid Region, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Wen-Lu Bi
- Department of Plant Agriculture, Gosling Research Institute for Plant Preservation, University of Guelph, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Li Ren
- Institute for Agri-Food Standards and Testing Technology, Shanghai Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Shanghai 201403, P.R. China
| | - A-Ling Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Xiao-Yan Ma
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Dong Zhang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
| | - Gayle M Volk
- USDA-ARS National Laboratory for Genetic Resources Preservation, 1111 S. Mason Street, Fort Collins, CO 80521, U.S.A
| | - Qiao-Chun Wang
- College of Horticulture, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, Shaanxi, P.R. China
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Iswanto ABB, Shelake RM, Vu MH, Kim JY, Kim SH. Genome Editing for Plasmodesmal Biology. FRONTIERS IN PLANT SCIENCE 2021; 12:679140. [PMID: 34149780 PMCID: PMC8207191 DOI: 10.3389/fpls.2021.679140] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2021] [Indexed: 05/08/2023]
Abstract
Plasmodesmata (PD) are cytoplasmic canals that facilitate intercellular communication and molecular exchange between adjacent plant cells. PD-associated proteins are considered as one of the foremost factors in regulating PD function that is critical for plant development and stress responses. Although its potential to be used for crop engineering is enormous, our understanding of PD biology was relatively limited to model plants, demanding further studies in crop systems. Recently developed genome editing techniques such as Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats/CRISPR associate protein (CRISPR/Cas) might confer powerful approaches to dissect the molecular function of PD components and to engineer elite crops. Here, we assess several aspects of PD functioning to underline and highlight the potential applications of CRISPR/Cas that provide new insight into PD biology and crop improvement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arya Bagus Boedi Iswanto
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Rahul Mahadev Shelake
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Minh Huy Vu
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
| | - Jae-Yean Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Jae-Yean Kim,
| | - Sang Hee Kim
- Division of Applied Life Sciences (BK21 Four Program), Plant Molecular Biology and Biotechnology Research Center, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- Division of Applied Life Sciences, Gyeongsang National University, Jinju, South Korea
- *Correspondence: Sang Hee Kim,
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